Municipal Police (Indonesia)
{{EngvarB|date=September 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox Government agency
|agency_name = Municipal Police Unit
|native_name = {{lang|id|Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja}}
|seal = File:Lambang SAT POL PP.png
|seal_width =
|seal_caption =
|formed = 3 March 1950 (first unit in Yogyakarta)
|motto = Praja Wibawa
(Guardian by authority)
|preceding1 =
|dissolved =
|superseding =
|jurisdiction = {{IDN}} (vary by locality)
|employees =
|budget =
|headquarters =
|region_code = ID
|minister1_name = Tito Karnavian
|minister1_pfo = (Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia)
|minister2_name =
|minister2_pfo =
|minister3_name =
|minister3_pfo =
|minister4_name =
|minister4_pfo =
|chief1_name =
|chief1_position =
|chief2_name =
|chief2_position =
|chief3_name =
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|parent_agency =
|child1_agency =
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|website =
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}}
The Municipal Police Unit ({{langx|id|Polisi Pamong Praja||Public Servants Police or Country / City Administrators Police}},{{Cite web |last=Ayesha |first=Laiqa |title=Hari Pamong Praja 8 September: Simak Sejarah, Tugas dan Fungsinya |url=https://www.detik.com/jabar/berita/d-6917807/hari-pamong-praja-8-september-simak-sejarah-tugas-dan-fungsinya |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=detikjabar |language=id-ID}} or translated as "Public Order Enforcers{{Cite book |author=Dina Afrianty |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h7_lCAAAQBAJ&q=satpol%2520pp&pg=PA189 |title=Women and Sharia Law in Northern Indonesia: Local Women's NGOs and the Reform of Islamic Law in Aceh |date=2015 |location=London |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-138-81936-8 |page=189 |language=en}} Police" or simply 'Municipal Police',{{Cite web |last=cpiet |date=2021-07-25 |title=The Indonesian National Police Explains the Difference Between the Investigation Authority of the Police and the Municipal Police |url=https://inp.polri.go.id/2021/07/25/the-indonesian-national-police-explains-the-difference-between-the-investigation-authority-of-the-police-and-the-municipal-police/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=INP {{!}} Indonesian Natinonal Police |language=en-US}} abbreviated as Satpol PP or POL PP), are municipal police units throughout Indonesia which are under the control of the local governments of each province, city, and regency (Kabupaten).
Purpose
File:HUT Satpol PP ke-66 dan Satuan Perlindungan Masyarakat ke-54.jpg, Irwan Prayitno in 2016 wearing the uniform as the Chief of the Provincial Municipal Police]]
=Function=
According to the Government Regulation No. 6 of 2010 regarding the Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja, its functions are:
- preparing and implementing regional regulations enforcement, implementation of public order, public security and protection of the community;
- enforcing policies of the regional regulations and regional head regulations;
- administer public and community order in the regions;
- implementing community protection policies;
- implementing coordination in the enforcement of regional regulations and regional head regulations, implementation of public order and public security in coordination with the Indonesian National Police (Polri), regional Civil Servant Investigative agencies, and/or other apparatus;
- supervising the community, apparatus, or legal entities in order to comply with the regional regulations and regional head regulations; and
- implementing other duties mandated and/or instructed directly by the regional head (governor, mayor and/or regent)
=Authority=
- carry out non-judicial enforcement actions towards the public, officials, or legal entities that violate the local regulations
- take action against the public, civil apparatus, or legal entities that disturb and create nuisance to the public order and security;
- carry out investigations towards members of the public, apparatus, or legal entities that are suspected of violating the regional regulations and/or regional head regulations; and
- carry out administrative actions towards members of the public, apparatus, or legal entities that are suspected of violating the regional regulations and/or regional head regulations.Constitution of Indonesia Number 23 Year 2014 Article 255 (Pasal 255 Undang-undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014)
Management
The Satpol PP's purpose is to assist regional heads (provincial governors, city mayors and/or regents) in enforcing regional regulations and administering public order and public security.
The Satpol PP is formed in every province, city, and/or regency{{Citation |title=Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2010 Tentang Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja |url=https://jdih.setkab.go.id/PUUdoc/16865/PP0062010.htm |via=jdih.setkab.go.id |mode=cs1}} under the auspices of the Ministry of Home Affairs.{{Cite news |author=Dani Prabowo |date=7 May 2015 |editor-last=Bayu Galih |title=Mendagri Cukup Miliki Satpol PP Saja, Tak Perlu Polisi |trans-title=Minister of Home Affairs is to just control the Municipal police, no need of the National Police |url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2015/05/07/23331021/.Mendagri.Cukup.Miliki.Satpol.PP.Saja.Tak.Perlu.Polisi. |access-date=21 March 2022 |work=Kompas.com |language=id}}
= Differences with the National Police (Polri) =
There has been some confusion and mix-up about the roles and responsibilities of the municipal police units and the Indonesian National Police among the general public.
Generally, the municipal police enforces the policies and laws of the local government's regulation, therefore answering to their respective area's head of government.
Meanwhile, the Indonesian National Police enforces the Indonesian national constitutional laws and regulations.{{Citation |title=The Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 Year 2002 Concerning the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia |url=https://policehumanrightsresources.org/content/uploads/2016/08/Indonesia-Law-No-2-Concerning-the-State-Police-2002.pdf?x96812 |via=policehumanrightsresources.org |mode=cs1}} They report to the Chief of the Indonesian National Police (Kapolri) which then is responsible to the President.
Operationally, both law enforcement institutions coordinate with each other in implementing law enforcement duties throughout Indonesia. Arrests made towards members of the public suspected of breaking any law concerned with the constitution of the country is done by the Indonesian National Police, the Satpol PP meanwhile may arrest people in a situational scenario but has to hand it over to the police.
The Satpol PP are not armed meanwhile the police are armed.
Ranks and insignia
The municipal and regional units and their personnel, which come from the civil service of local governments, form the police arm of the wider Employees' Corps of the Republic of Indonesia (Korps Pegawai Republik Indonesia), the state trade union of civil service staff, and thus wear insignia similar to those used by the civil service while wearing the Ceremonial uniform (PDU), service uniform (PDH), and field uniform (PDL).
They wear brown shoulder boards with the service uniform and gold in the ceremonial dress uniform, with red piping used by senior ranked personnel in command billets. In addition, they wear the brown beret regardless of uniform.
| class="wikitable" |
| style="width:110px;" | Rank category
! style="width:70px;" | Rank category number ! style="width:170px;" | Rank in Indonesian ! style="width:188px;" | Equivalent rank ! style="width:180px;" | Rank in English |
|---|
| rowspan="5" |Directors and Commissioners
| IV/e | Pembina Utama | Director General | Director |
| IV/d
| Pembina Utama Madya | Director | Chief Commissioner |
| IV/c
| Pembina Utama Muda | Deputy Director | Commander |
| IV/b
| Pembina Tingkat I | Assistant Director | Senior Commissioner |
| IV/a
| Pembina | Senior Executive Officer 1st class | Commissioner |
| rowspan="3" |Subaltern and Field ranked officers
| III/d | Penata Tingkat I | Senior Executive Officer 2nd class | Chief Superintenent |
| III/c
| Penata | Higher Executive Officer 1st Class | Superintendent |
| III/b
| Penata Muda Tingkat I | Higher Executive Officer | Chief Inspector |
| rowspan="1" |Inspectors
| III/a | Penata Muda | Executive Officer 1st class | Inspector |
| rowspan="2" |Senior clerical officials
| II/d | Pengatur Tingkat I | Executive Officer 2nd class | Sub-inspector |
| II/c
| Pengatur | Executive Officer | Brigadier Major |
| rowspan="2" |Middle level clerical officials
| II/b | Pengatur Muda Tingkat I | Administrative Officer Class 1 | Brigadier 1st Class |
| II/a
| Pengatur Muda | Administrative Officer Class 2 | Senior Brigader |
| rowspan="4" |Junior clerical officials
| I/d | Juru Tingkat I | Higher Clerical Officer 1st class | Brigadier |
| I/c
| Juru |Higher Clerical Officer | Junior Brigadier |
| I/b
| Juru Muda Tingkat I | Clerical Officer | Senior Constable |
| I/a
| Juru Muda | Administrative Assistant | Constable |
==Controversy==
File:Indonesian municipal police.jpg on their patrol vehicles]]
In 2010, a controversial decree by Gamawan Fauzi (then Minister of Home Affairs), allows members of the unit to be armed with gas-powered revolvers or blanks, electric shock sticks, and baton for riots and crowd control.{{Cite news |date=11 July 2010 |title='Satpol Must Not Be Armed' |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/07/11/%E2%80%98satpol-must-not-be-armed%E2%80%99.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716193332/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/07/11/%E2%80%98satpol-must-not-be-armed%E2%80%99.html |archive-date=16 July 2010 |work=The Jakarta Post}}