Plum Book
{{Use mdy dates|date = February 2019}}
{{Short description|U.S. government publication}}
{{Use American English|date = February 2019}}
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{{Infobox book |
| name = United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book)
| image = ISBN-9780160958045.png
| caption = 116th Congress, 2d Session, December 2020
| language = English
| genre = Non-fiction
| publisher2 = United States Government Printing Office
| release_date =
| subject = Political Reference
| pages =
| author = COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND REFORM
| title_working = Plum book
| country = United States of America
| publisher = Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office
| pub_date =
| media_type =
| isbn =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| website = https://www.govinfo.gov
}}
United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (more commonly referred to as the Plum Book) is a book that lists positions in the United States government that are subject to political appointment. It lists around 8,000 federal civil service leadership and support positions in the legislative and executive branches of the federal government that may be subject to noncompetitive appointment nationwide. It is a publication of the United States Senate's Committee on Governmental Affairs and the House of Representatives' Committee on Government Reform. A new edition is published every four years, just after each presidential election. All tenured positions commissioned by the president are published, including all officers of the United States, their immediate subordinates, policy executives and advisors, and aides who report to these officials. Some positions are kept secret and not published due to being classified via executive privilege.
History
The Plum Book originated in 1952 during the Eisenhower administration to identify presidentially appointed positions within the federal government. For twenty years, the Democratic Party had controlled the federal government. When President Eisenhower took office, the Republican Party requested a list of government positions that the new president could fill. The next edition of the Plum Book appeared in 1960 and has since been published every four years, just after a presidential election.
Older editions of the Plum Book are held by any federal depository library.{{cite news|last=Somerset|first=Gary|title=PLUM BOOK AVAILABLE AT GPO|url= https://www.gpo.gov/docs/default-source/news-content-pdf-files/2008/08news31.pdf |number=8–31|publisher=Government Printing Office|access-date=21 December 2019}} The Government Printing Office (now the United States Government Publishing Office) began to make the Plum Book available as an app for the first time in December 2012.{{cite news |last=Somerset|first=Gary|title=GPO RELEASES PLUM BOOK: Available for first time as an App. |url=https://www.gpo.gov/docs/default-source/news-content-pdf-files/2012/12news51.pdf |publisher=Government Printing Office|number=12–51| access-date=21 December 2019}} The 2020 edition was published on December 1, 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/collection/plum-book?path=/gpo/United%20States%20Government%20Policy%20and%20Supporting%20Positions%20(Plum%20Book)/2020|title = United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book)|date = July 2015}}
Plum Books are considered an important resource for presidents-elect of the United States during their presidential transitions, aiding them in identifying federal government positions to which they can name appointees.{{cite web |last1=Bravender |first1=Robin |title=The new Plum Book is here! Introducing the obscure 232-page federal document that will help Biden find and replace any lingering Trump appointees. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/plum-book-biden-administration-jobs-federal-government-trump-congress-2021-1 |website=Business Insider |access-date=21 May 2021 |date=4 January 2021}}
Number of appointments by agency
{{As of|December 2020}}, there are 7,935 political appointments across the executive and legislative branches of the U.S. federal government. Many of these positions must be filled by the incoming president every four years while others are career appointments that outlast presidential administrations.
These positions are published in the Plum Book, a new edition of which is released after each United States presidential election.{{cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020/pdf/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020.pdf|title=United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book)|date=December 2020|publisher=Government Publishing Office|type=PDF}} The list is provided by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM).
=Key=
| class="wikitable"
| {{align|center}} colspan="2" |Abbreviations for type of appointment | |
| CA | Career Appointment |
| NA | Noncareer Appointment |
| PA | Presidential Appointment (without Senate Confirmation) |
| PAS | Presidential Appointment with Senate Confirmation |
| SC | Schedule C Excepted Appointment |
| TA | Limited Term Appointment |
| XS | Appointment Excepted by Statute |
| SES | Senior Executive ServiceSenior Executive Service positions can be filled by Career, Noncareer, Limited Term, or Limited Emergency. |
= Executive branch – departments =
= Independent agencies and government corporations =
Legislative branch
| class="wikitable sortable"
! ! colspan="4" |Type of appointment{{cite book|title=United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book), Legislative Branch|date=December 2020|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020-6|type=Spreadsheet|publisher=Government Publishing Office}} | |||||
| | Agency || PA || PAS || SC || XS || Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Architect of the Capitol | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Government Accountability Office | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Government Publishing Office | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| Library of Congress | 10 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 14 |
| | Total || 10 || 5 || 1 || 6 || 22 |
See also
{{portal|Politics|United States}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://www.govinfo.gov/collection/plum-book?path=/GPO/United%20States%20Government%20Policy%20and%20Supporting%20Positions%20%2528Plum%20Book%2529 Publication download list includes "United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (Plum Book)"]
- [http://www.opm.gov/ses/facts_and_figures/plumbook.asp OPM]
- [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020/pdf/GPO-PLUMBOOK-2020.pdf Complete 2020 Plum Book]
{{United States presidential transitions}}
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Category:Executive Office of the President of the United States
Category:Publications of the United States government
Category:United States presidential transitions