RAF Boulmer

In 1940 a decoy airfield was set up near the village of Boulmer to divert German attacks from nearby Royal Air Force (RAF) airfields such as RAF Acklington. As the air threat to the United Kingdom receded, the decoy airfield, with its grass runways and plywood and canvas Hurricanes, was abandoned.{{cite web|url=https://www.abct.org.uk/airfields/airfield-finder/boulmer-longhoughton/|title=Boulmer (Longhoughton)|publisher=Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust|access-date=24 November 2021}}

In March 1943 RAF Boulmer was reopened as a satellite airfield to house the advanced flights of No. 57 Operational Training Unit RAF (a Supermarine Spitfire training unit based at RAF Eshott, Boulmer's parent unit).{{sfn|Delve|2006|p=45}}

Part of the airfield formed the basis of a caravan site with the runway and taxiway being used as an access road to the site. The site remains and is called Seaton Park.{{cite news|url=https://www.northumberlandgazette.co.uk/lifestyle/staycation/new-camping-campervan-and-caravanning-site-set-for-summer-opening-on-the-northumberland-coast-3243516 |title=New camping, campervan and caravanning site set for summer opening on the Northumberland coast|date=20 May 2021|newspaper=Northumberland Gazette| access-date=24 November 2021}}

By 1950, the threat of the atomic bomb had caused a serious rethink in the organisation of air defence and a plan, codenamed ROTOR, was brought in to replace many of the existing stations with new protected underground operations rooms. The site chosen for one of these new underground Ground-controlled interception (GCI) stations was close to the former RAF Boulmer which had been returned to agriculture at the end of the Second World War.{{cite web|url=https://www.subbrit.org.uk/sites/boulmer-rotor-radar-station/|title=Boulmer Rotor Radar Station|publisher=Subterranea Britannica|access-date=24 November 2021}}

The station was to have a two-level underground operations room designated as an R3. The R3 was never intended to survive a direct hit from a nuclear weapon but was designed to withstand a near miss from Russian bombing with 2,200 lb armour-piercing high explosive bombs dropped from 35,000 feet.

A target date for completion of the station was set as 21 August 1953 and although not complete, the station opened on time with limited capabilities using an American AN/FPS3 long-range search radar and an AN/TPS10 height finder. The station became known as 500 Signals Unit under the control of RAF Acklington and part of 13 Group - the station motto 'Semper in excubitu vigilans' is taken from 500 Signals Unit's badge.{{cite book|last1=Pine|first1=L G|title=A dictionary of mottoes|date=1983|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul|location=London|isbn=0-7100-9339-X|page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmott00tion/page/208 208]|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmott00tion/page/208}} On completion of the R3 in September 1954 the station became fully operational.

In the autumn of 1957 RAF Boulmer was designated a Group Control Centre, with responsibility for the RAF Radar Stations at Buchan and Killard Point. By 1958, Boulmer was selected to be upgraded with the installation of the more modern-high powered Type 84 Surveillance radar. This increased the range of detection and was able to penetrate the latest Soviet jamming technology.

In 1971 Border Radar was established at Boulmer: this was a joint military/civil facility providing air traffic control services to co-ordinate civil and military traffic. Although still operational until the late 1980s, the unit closed when all Area Air Traffic Services were centralised between West Drayton and Prestwick.

By 1974 the Station had evolved to become both a Sector Operations Centre (SOC) and Control and Reporting Centre (CRC).

In 1978 RAF Boulmer took on an additional role as a search and rescue station following the closure of RAF Acklington,{{sfn|Delve|2006|p=45}} a role that it fulfilled until 30 September 2015. Initially the station was equipped with Westland Whirlwind helicopters; however, in December 1978 the station was re-equipped with Westland Sea King aircraft.{{cite news|url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/former-sea-king-pilot-leading-10243773|title=Former Sea King pilot leading campaign to bring RAF Boulmer helicopter back|date=13 October 2015|newspaper=Chronicle Live| access-date=24 November 2021}}

The next major change came in 1982 when the R3 bunker was vacated and work begun to upgrade it to an R3A. During this period the CRC was relocated to an above ground facility while the work was carried out.

In 1990, Boulmer's links with Air Defence were reinforced by the arrival of the School of Fighter Control from RAF West Drayton. Following an extensive refurbishment the bunker was returned to operations in 1993. However, with the end of the Cold War the CRC was used in a standby role only with the homeland defence task being conducted from RAF Buchan and RAF Neatishead.

In 1994, No. 1 Air Control Centre (No 1 ACC) reformed at RAF Boulmer, providing the Royal Air Force with deployable fielded air command and control capability.{{cite web|url=https://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-B.htm|title=RAF Boulmer|publisher=Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation|access-date=24 November 2021}}

In 2002, the Station began a major refurbishment of the underground bunker and installation of new equipment as part of the UKADGE Capability Maintenance Programme (UCMP). Valued at £60 million, the first phase of the programme was declared operational at RAF Boulmer on 16 August 2004.

In 2004 RAF Boulmer's newly refurbished NATO Control and Reporting Centre (CRC) took over all air defence functions previously administered by the CRCs at RAF Buchan and RAF Neatishead.

In late July 2004 it was announced that RAF Boulmer would close by 2012, with the majority of its functions transferring to RAF Scampton. The first action taken in response to this announcement was for No 1 ACC to move to RAF Kirton in Lindsey, a former RAF Fighter Command airfield in Lincolnshire. This would bring the Air Command and Control elements of the Air Surveillance and Control System (ASACS) (the new CRC at RAF Scampton) geographically closer to the ISTAR elements such as the E3 Sentry AWACS force at RAF Waddington. No 1 ACC's move to Kirton was completed in early 2005.

On 10 January 2008 it was announced that a study had been conducted into where to locate the elements of the Air Surveillance and Control System (ASACS). The results concluded that the best option in both financial and operational terms is to retain RAF Boulmer as the ASACS hub and as a result the station would stay open beyond 2012.{{cite news|title=Closure threat to RAF base lifted|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/tyne/7180853.stm|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=BBC News|date=10 January 2008}}

'A' Flight was one of the three operational flights of No. 202 Squadron RAF and was based at RAF Boulmer, the Sea King HAR.3 helicopter was used, 'A' Flight provided round-the-clock search and rescue cover for a large area, stretching from Fife in the north to Hartlepool in the south and encompassing the Lake District in the west.{{cite web |url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive/sea-kings-depart-raf-boulmer-01102015 |title=Sea Kings Depart RAF Boulmer |work=Royal Air Force |date=1 October 2015 |access-date=9 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072319/http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive/sea-kings-depart-raf-boulmer-01102015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}

On 30 September 2015 'A' Flight of No. 202 Squadron departed RAF Boulmer and the provision of SAR from RAF Boulmer ceased. SAR is now carried out by HM Coastguard through a contract with Bristow Helicopters.{{cite news|title=Sadness as Sea Kings leave RAF Boulmer|url=http://www.theambler.co.uk/2015/09/30/sadness-as-sea-kings-leave-raf-boulmer/|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=The Ambler|date=30 September 2015}}

The RAF School of Aerospace Battle Management (SABM), formerly the School of Fighter Control (SFC), was located at RAF Boulmer from 1990 to 2019. The school became part of the Defence College of Air and Space Operations on its creation in April 2016.{{cite web|url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive/a-new-school-for-raf-shawbury-07042016|title=A New School for RAF Shawbury|date=7 April 2016|website=RAF Shawbury|accessdate=23 November 2017}} The SABM played a central part in delivering the training required for Weapons Controllers and Identification Officers of the Air Operations Branch and airmen and airwomen of the Air and Space Operations Specialists (Aerospace Systems) Trade Group. The school relocated to RAF Shawbury in Shropshire in August 2019.{{cite journal|last=Mullen|first=Group Captain Chris|date=2019|title=Foreword|url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/our-organisation/stations/raf-shawbury/documents/20190207-aries-magazine-ed1/|journal=Aries - the Magazine of RAF Shawbury|publisher=Forces & Corporate Publishing|volume=1|page=5}}

In 2021, Boulmer's Control and Reporting Centre (CRC) was allocated the No. 19 Squadron number plate.{{cite web|title=Two historic RAF Squadron Numberplates are set to return|url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/articles/two-historic-raf-squadron-numberplates-are-set-to-return/|access-date=7 May 2021|website=Royal Air Force}}

The following notable flying and non-flying units are based at RAF Boulmer.{{cite web |title=RAF Boulmer – Who's Based Here |url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/our-organisation/stations/raf-boulmer/ |accessdate=16 June 2024 |website=Royal Air Force}}

No. 2 Group

• Air Command and Control Force
• No. 1 Air Control Centre
• No. 19 Squadron – Control and Reporting Centre (NATO Air Policing Area 1)
• No. 20 Squadron – ASACS Operational Conversion Unit
• No.144 Signals Unit – ASACS engineering support

RAF Boulmer's mission statement is to 'generate and sustain an operationally agile air command and control capability.'{{cite web|url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/whywearehere.cfm|title=Why we are here|website=RAF Boulmer|accessdate=29 December 2017}}

Homeland defence of the UK remains the cornerstone of the ASACS Force Command's operational output. However, the ASACS Force Command also has a wider responsibility in support of deployed operations worldwide. With the stand up of the ASACS Force Command Headquarters at RAF Boulmer in January 2006, the Station Commander also has the operational role of ASACS Force Commander responsible for the generation, sustainment and operational output of the ASACS organisation. According to The Daily Telegraph, there were 187 interceptions between 2005 and 2016.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travel-truths/scrambling-fighter-jets-shoot-down-planes/|title=What's the point of scrambling a fighter jet – and would one ever shoot down a passenger plane?|author=Hugh Morris|work=Daily Telegraph|date=6 October 2017|accessdate=6 October 2017}}

The Force Elements under the control of the ASACS Force Commander are:

• Control and Reporting Centre – RAF Boulmer
• No. 1 Air Control Centre – RAF Boulmer
• Remote Radar Head (RRH) Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides
• RRH Saxa Vord in Shetland{{cite news|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-shetland-radar-to-better-protect-uk-northern-airspace|title=New Shetland radar to better protect UK Northern airspace|work=GOV.UK|accessdate=22 April 2018}}
• RRH Buchan in Aberdeenshire
• RRH Brizlee Wood in Northumberland
• RRH Neatishead in Norfolk
• RRH Portreath in Cornwall
• RRH Staxton Wold in North Yorkshire

Although not a Force Element, the Support Wing at RAF Boulmer is a vital cog in the machinery of the Command, without which the ASACS Force could not generate its capability. In total, the ASACS Force Command comprises some 1800 military personnel, civil servants and contracted staff.{{cite web

|url = http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/asacsfc.cfm

|title = Air Surveillance and Control Systems Force Command

|year = 2013

|accessdate = 24 December 2013

|publisher = Royal Air Force

}}

The Control and Reporting Centre (CRC) at RAF Boulmer, named Hotspur,{{cite web |title=Air Command and Control Force |url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/our-organisation/global-enablement/force-elements/air-command-and-control-force/structure/ |website=Royal Air Force |language=en-gb}} is tasked with compiling a Recognised Air Picture within NATO Air Policing Area 1, and providing tactical control of the Quick Reaction Alert Force. The CRC is manned 24/7 to support NATO and national Quick Reaction Alert requirements. Managing the UK's network-enabled capability for the Homeland Defence task, the CRC also supports the training of Air Surveillance and Control System personnel, UK and NATO partner aircrew for deployment on operations worldwide.{{cite web|title=Why we are here|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/whywearehere.cfm|website=RAF Boulmer|publisher=Royal Air Force|accessdate=5 July 2016}}

The ASACS Force Resource Management Hub is based at RAF Boulmer. It currently employs 14 Civilian personnel, 12 located at RAF Boulmer and 2 at RAF Scampton. Its role is to provide specialist financial support & guidance to the ASACS Force Command whilst ensuring value for money and compliance with RAF Air Command's Corporate Governance policies.{{cite web|title=Resource Management Hub|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/rmh.cfm|website=RAF Boulmer|publisher=Royal Air Force|accessdate=5 July 2016}}

Support Wing has approximately 100 service and civil servant personnel, who along with a large number of contractors{{cite web|url=http://www.carillionaramark.com/news/|title=News|website=Carillion Aramark|accessdate=22 April 2018|archive-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621143800/http://www.carillionaramark.com/news/|url-status=dead}} support operations. The wing comprises three squadrons: Force Development Squadron which is responsible for all the key elements necessary to deliver Force Development Training, including the Training and Development Flight, Physical Education Section, Regiment Section and the Learning Centre. Personnel Management Squadron which includes Personnel Services Flight, the Service Community Support Officer, HIVE, General Duties Flight and the Medical and Dental Centres. Management Support Squadron which comprises Catering, Retail and Leisure, Estates and Facilities Management, Media and Communications and the Station i-Hub and Central Registry.{{cite web|title=Support Wing|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/sptwg.cfm|work=RAF Boulmer|publisher=Royal Air Force|accessdate=5 July 2016}}

Elements of the ASACS Engineering and Logistics Squadron, which come under the control of the ASACS Force Commander (Station Commander RAF Boulmer) provide engineering support to the base.{{cite web|title=Eng & Logs|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafboulmer/aboutus/engandlogs.cfm|work=RAF Boulmer|publisher=Royal Air Force|accessdate=5 July 2016}}

RAF Boulmer also has a {{convert|25|m|adj=on}} shooting range that is often used by Air Cadets of Durham / Northumberland Wing, ATC using the L98A2 Cadet GP Rifle.{{cite web|url=http://neconnected.co.uk/air-cadets-activity-day-raf-boulmer/|title=AIR CADETS ACTIVITY DAY AT RAF BOULMER - North East Connected|website=neconnected.co.uk|accessdate=22 April 2018}} The station is the location of a Met Office automatic weather reporting station,{{cite web |title=Bone-dry April could be a record-breaker for the North East - if forecast rain holds off |url=https://www.northumberlandgazette.co.uk/news/environment/bone-dry-april-could-be-a-record-breaker-for-the-north-east-and-farmers-are-getting-anxious-2552215 |access-date=1 May 2022 |website=www.northumberlandgazette.co.uk |date=28 April 2020 }}{{cite web |title=Synoptic and climate stations |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-synoptic-and-climate-stations |access-date=1 May 2022 |website=Met Office }} used in the extended Shipping Forecast broadcast on BBC Radio 4.{{cite book |last1=Towler |first1=Perrin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WTn8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA94 |title=Reeds Nautical Almanac 2021 |last2=Fishwick |first2=Mark |date=20 August 2020 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4729-8020-5 }}

The station is affiliated with {{HMS|Northumberland|F238|6}}.

{{Portal|United Kingdom|Aviation}}

• Improved United Kingdom Air Defence Ground Environment – UK air defence radar system in the UK between the 1990s and 2000s
• List of Royal Air Force stations
• NATO Integrated Air Defense System

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{{refbegin}}

• {{wikicite|ref={{harvid|Delve|2006}}|reference=Delve, Ken. The Military Airfields of Britain: Northern England: Co. Durham, Cumbria, Isle of Man, Lancashire, Merseyside, Manchester, Northumberland, Tyne & Wear, Yorkshire. Ramsbury, Wiltshire, UK: The Crowood Press, 2006. {{ISBN|1-86126-809-2}}}}
• {{cite book |title=Eavesdropping on the British Military |first=Michael |last=Cannon |publisher=Cara Press |location=Dublin, Eire |year=1994}}

{{refend}}

{{Commons category}}

• {{Official website}}
• [http://www.subbrit.org.uk/rsg/sites/b/boulmer/index.html Subterranea Britannica – Boulmer Rotor Radar Station]

{{Royal Air Force}}

{{Royal Air Force stations}}

{{Royal Air Force stations in Northumberland}}

Category:Longhoughton

Category:Military air traffic control

Category:Military units and formations established in 1943

Boulmer