Rail transport in Cardiff

{{Short description|Railway network centred on Cardiff, Wales}}

{{Update|the South Wales Metro|date=September 2019}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}

Rail transport in Cardiff has developed to provide connections to many other major cities in the United Kingdom, and to provide an urban rail network for the city and its commuter towns in southeast Wales. Today, there are three train operating companies in Cardiff: Great Western Railway, CrossCountry and Transport for Wales.

{{Cardiff Lines}}

Services to/from Cardiff

=Transport for Wales=

;National

  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Newport}} – {{stnlink|Hereford}} – {{stnlink|Shrewsbury}} – {{stnlink|Wrexham General}} – {{stnlink|Chester}} – {{stnlink|Rhyl}} – {{stnlink|Llandudno Junction}} – {{stnlink|Holyhead}}
  • Cardiff Central – Newport – Hereford – {{stnlink|Shrewsbury}} – {{stnlink|Crewe}} – {{stnlink|Manchester Piccadilly}}
  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlink|Bridgend}} – {{stnlink|Port Talbot Parkway}} – {{stnlink|Neath}} – {{stnlink|Swansea}} – {{stnlink|Llanelli}} – {{stnlink|Carmarthen}} – {{stnlink|Milford Haven}}
  • Cardiff Central – Newport – {{stnlnk|Gloucester}} – {{stnlnk|Cheltenham Spa}}

;Regional

  • Cardiff Central – Bridgend – Port Talbot Parkway – {{stnlink|Neath}} – {{stnlink|Swansea}}
  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlnk|Rogerstone}} – {{stnlnk|Risca and Pontymister}} – {{stnlnk|Ebbw Vale Parkway}}

;Local

These services operate on the Valley Lines network – an urban rail network centred on Cardiff that connects it to its commuter towns in South East Wales:

  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlnk|Cardiff Queen Street}} – {{stnlnk|Rhiwbina}} – Coryton
  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlnk|Ninian Park}} – {{stnlnk|Fairwater}} – {{stnlnk|Radyr}}
  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlnk|Grangetown}} – {{stnlnk|Penarth}}
  • Cardiff Central – Grangetown – {{stnlnk|Dinas Powys}} – {{stnlnk|Barry}} – {{stnlnk|Barry Island}}
  • Cardiff Central – Grangetown – Dinas Powys – Barry – {{stnlnk|Rhoose Cardiff International Airport}} – {{stnlnk|Llantwit Major}} – {{stnlnk|Bridgend}}
  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Queen Street}}{{stnlink|Cardiff Bay}}
  • Cardiff Central – {{stnlnk|Pontyclun}} – {{stnlnk|Bridgend}} – {{stnlnk|Maesteg}}
  • Cardiff Central – Cardiff Queen Street – {{stnlnk|Caerphilly}} – {{stnlnk|Ystrad Mynach}} – {{stnlnk|Bargoed}} – {{stnlnk|Rhymney}}
  • Cardiff Central – Cardiff Queen Street – {{stnlnk|Radyr}} – {{stnlnk|Pontypridd}} – {{stnlnk|Abercynon}} – {{stnlnk|Merthyr Tydfil}}
  • Cardiff Central – Cardiff Queen Street – Radyr – Pontypridd – Abercynon – {{stnlnk|Mountain Ash}} – {{stnlnk|Aberdare}}
  • Cardiff Central – Cardiff Queen Street – Radyr – Pontypridd – {{stnlnk|Tonypandy}} – {{stnlnk|Treorchy}} – {{stnlnk|Treherbert}}

=Great Western Railway=

;National

  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Newport}} – {{stnlink|Bristol Parkway}} – {{stnlink|Swindon}} – {{stnlink|Reading}} – {{stnlink|London Paddington}}
  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Bristol Temple Meads}} – {{stnlink|Bath Spa}} – {{stnlink|Southampton Central}} – {{stnlink|Portsmouth Harbour}}
  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Bristol Temple Meads}} – {{stnlink|Weston-super-Mare}} – {{stnlink|Taunton}}

;Regional

  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Newport}} – {{stnlink|Filton Abbey Wood}} – {{stnlink|Bristol Temple Meads}}
  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Bridgend}} – {{stnlink|Port Talbot Parkway}} – {{stnlink|Neath}} – {{stnlink|Swansea}}
  • Daily/Summer Weekend extensions to {{stnlink|Carmarthen}} and {{stnlink|Pembroke Dock}} respectively

=CrossCountry=

;National

  • {{stnlink|Cardiff Central}} – {{stnlink|Newport}} – {{stnlink|Gloucester}} – {{stnlink|Birmingham New Street}} – {{stnlink|Derby}} – {{stnlink|Nottingham}}

Stations in Cardiff

All 20 railway stations in Cardiff are owned by Network Rail and managed by Transport for Wales which also operates all train services at these stations, with the exception of Cardiff Central which is also served by CrossCountry and Great Western Railway. The stations form part of Cardiff's commuter rail network, colloquially known as Valley Lines

{{stnlink|Cardiff Central}}{{coord|51.4760|-3.1800|display=title|region:GB_scale:10000}} and {{stnlink|Cardiff Queen Street}} are the main hubs of the city and are the two busiest stations in Wales.

Cardiff Central is one of the United Kingdom's major railway stations, providing connections to Newport, Bristol, Bath, Reading, London, Southampton, Portsmouth, Gloucester, Cheltenham, Birmingham and Nottingham. It is located in the south of the Cardiff city centre

Cardiff Queen Street is the hub of the Valley Lines network, with all lines running through the station. It is located in Cardiff's eastern city centre.

class="sortable wikitable"
Station

!Area

!Station Code

!Platforms

!13/14 Entry/Exit (millions)

!Year opened

!Lines

!Image

Birchgrove
Llwynbedw

|Birchgrove

|BCG

|1

|0.034

|1929

|Coryton Line

|100px

Cardiff Bay
Bae Caerdydd

|Butetown
Cardiff Bay

|CDB

|1

|1.019

|1841{{cite web| url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/southeast/sites/nhob_walk/walk05.shtml| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20040927214357/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/southeast/sites/nhob_walk/walk05.shtml| archive-date = 2004-09-27| title = BBC - South East Wales - Walk through time}}

|Butetown Branch Line

|100px

Cardiff Central
Caerdydd Canolog

|Cardiff city centre

|CDF

|8

|11.74

|1850

|Cardiff City Line
Coryton Line,
Ebbw Valley Railway
Maesteg Line,
Merthyr Line
Rhondda Line
Rhymney Line
South Wales Main Line
Vale of Glamorgan Line

|100px

Cardiff Queen Street
Caerdydd Heol Y Frenhines

|Cardiff city centre
Adamsdown

|CDQ

|5

|2.463

|1840

|Butetown Line
Coryton Line
Merthyr Line
Rhondda Line
Rhymney Line

|100px

Cathays
Cathays

|Cathays
Cardiff University

|CYS

|2

|0.807

|1983

|Merthyr Line
Rhondda Line

|100px

Coryton
Coryton

|Coryton
Pantmawr
Whitchurch

|COY

|1

|0.266

|1911

|Coryton Line

|100px

Danescourt
Danescourt

|Danescourt
Llandaff North

|DCT

|2

|0.086

|1987

|City Line

|100px

Fairwater
Tyllgoed

|Fairwater

|FRW

|2

|0.051

|1987

|City Line

|100px

Grangetown
Grangetown

|Grangetown
Leckwith

|GTN

|2

|0.180

|1882

|Vale of Glamorgan Line

|100px

Heath High Level
Lefel Uchaf y Mynydd Bychan

|Heath
Cyncoed

|HHL

|2

|0.311

|1915

|Rhymney Line

|100px

Heath Low Level
Lefel Isel y Mynydd Bychan

|Heath
Cyncoed

|HLL

|1

|0.054

|1911

|Coryton Line

|100px

Lisvane and Thornhill
Llys-faen

|Lisvane
Thornhill

|LVT

|2

|0.176

|1871

|Rhymney Line

|100px

Llandaf
Llandaf

|Llandaff North
Gabalfa
Whitchurch

|LLN

|2

|0.441

|1840

|Merthyr Line
Rhondda Line

|100px

Llanishen
Llanishen

|Llanishen

|LLS

|2

|0.221

|1871

|Rhymney Line

|100px

Ninian Park
Parc Ninian

|Leckwith
Ninian Park
Canton

|NNP

|2

|0.100

|1987

|City Line

|100px

Radyr
Radyr

|Radyr
Morganstown

|RDR

|3

|0.469

|1863

|Merthyr Line
Rhondda Line
City Line

|100px

Rhiwbina
Rhiwbina

|Rhiwbina

|RHI

|1

|0.046

|1911

|Coryton Line

|100px

Ty Glas
Tŷ Glas

|Llanishen
Heath

|TGS

|1

|0.131

|1987

|Coryton Line

|100px

Waun-Gron Park
Parc Waun-Gron

|Fairwater
Canton

|WNG

|2

|0.055

|1987

|City Line

|100px

Whitchurch
Yr Eglwys Newydd

|Whitchurch

|WHT

|1

|0.011

|1911

|Coryton Line

|100px

Railway lines

File:South-east Wales rail network map.svg

These are the main rail lines that serve Cardiff. Most of the lines are Cardiff commuter lines that form the city's urban rail network.

=South Wales Main Line=

{{Main|South Wales Main Line}}

The South Wales Main Line is a branch of the Great Western Main Line from {{stnlink|London Paddington}}. It diverges from the main line near Swindon, first passing through Bristol Parkway and continuing through the Severn Tunnel to Cardiff Central via Newport. The line continues from the city towards West Wales. The line between London and Cardiff has been electrified.{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/jul/21/transport-transport | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=London to Cardiff rail line will be electrified to cut carbon footprint | first=Dan | last=Milmo | date=2009-07-21 | access-date=2010-05-22}}

=Butetown Line=

The Butetown Line is a short line running from Cardiff Queen Street to Cardiff Bay. Rail services call only at those stations with a frequency of every 12 minutes.

=Cardiff City Line=

The Cardiff City Line is entirely within Cardiff running to its western suburbs. The line terminates at Radyr, after calling at Ninian Park, {{stnlink|Waun-Gron Park}}, Fairwater and Danescourt. Rail services run to Cardiff Central and Queen Street every 30 minutes, and usually continue on the Coryton Line.

=Coryton Line=

The Coryton Line is entirely within Cardiff running to its northern suburbs. The line terminates at Coryton, after calling at stations in Heath, Ty Glas, Birchgrove, Rhiwbina and Whitchurch. Rail services run to Cardiff Central and Queen Street every 30 minutes, and usually continue on the Radyr Line.

=Ebbw Valley Railway=

The Ebbw Valley Railway was re-opened to passenger rail services in February 2008. The line provides an hourly service between Cardiff Central and Ebbw Vale Town. The line follows the South Wales Main Line eastbound out of Cardiff before diverging north and calling at Rogerstone, Risca and Pontymister, Crosskeys, Newbridge, Llanhilleth and Ebbw Vale Parkway.

=Maesteg Line=

The Maesteg Line runs from Cardiff to Maesteg in Bridgend County Borough. The line follows the South Wales Main Line through the Vale of Glamorgan until Bridgend, calling at minor stations which are not served by high speed services. The line then diverges northwards through Sarn and Tondu. Services run every hour to and from Cardiff, often extending to Cheltenham Spa.

=Merthyr Line=

The Merthyr Line runs northward out of Cardiff, calling at stations in the suburbs of Cathays, Llandaff and Radyr, where it connects with the City Line. It continues into Rhondda Cynon Taff, through Taffs Well, Treforest and Pontypridd. Frequencies on this stretch of the line are usually every 10 minutes.

After calling at Abercynon, the line splits into two branches; one to Merthyr Tydfil via Merthyr Vale and another to Aberdare via Mountain Ash. Frequencies are every 30 minutes on both branches and often link up with Vale of Glamorgan Line services to Barry Island or Bridgend via {{Stnlnk|Rhoose Cardiff International Airport}}.

=Rhondda Line=

The Rhondda Line is a line that runs north from Cardiff through the Rhondda Valley to Treherbert. The line is shared with the Merthyr Line until Pontypridd. From there, the line diverges through Porth, Tonypandy and Treorchy amongst others.

Services run every 30 minutes and often continue through Cardiff onto the Vale of Glamorgan Line to Penarth or Barry Island.

=Rhymney Line=

The Rhymney Line is another line that runs northwards from Cardiff and calls at stations in the city suburbs of Heath, Llanishen and Lisvane before continuing to Caerphilly and places such as Ystrad Mynach, Hengoed and Bargoed.

Services on this stretch of line run every 15 minutes. Every hour, trains continue on the rest of the line to Rhymney. Trains often continue through Cardiff onto the Vale of Glamorgan Line to Penarth.

=Vale of Glamorgan Line=

The Vale of Glamorgan Line is a line that runs from Cardiff through the largely rural county of the Vale of Glamorgan to Bridgend. The line comprises three branches. Trains call at Grangetown in Cardiff before continuing on the main line to stations in Dinas Powys and Barry, or diverging onto a branch serving Penarth. After Barry, services can either continue again to {{stnlink|Rhoose Cardiff International Airport}}, Llantwit Major and {{stnlink|Bridgend}} or diverge to Barry Island.

Frequencies to Penarth or to Barry Island are every 15 minutes, and to Bridgend via Cardiff Airport are every hour. Train services often continue after Cardiff Queen Street on the Merthyr, Rhondda or Rhymney Lines.

Main destinations

There are direct services from Cardiff Central to the following destinations, with the average scheduled journey time:

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

;National

class="wikitable sortable"
Destination

|Time from Central

|Operator

Bath Spa

|65 mins

|Great Western Railway

Birmingham New Street

|120 mins

|CrossCountry

Bristol Parkway

|41 mins

|Great Western Railway

Bristol Temple Meads

|48 mins

|Great Western Railway

Derby

|174 mins

|CrossCountry

Gloucester

|59 mins

|CrossCountry
Transport for Wales

Holyhead

|301 mins

|Transport for Wales

London Paddington

|100-110 mins

|Great Western Railway

Manchester Piccadilly

|205 mins

|Transport for Wales

Milford Haven

|160 mins

|Transport for Wales

Nottingham

|200 mins

|CrossCountry

Portsmouth Harbour

|211 mins

|Great Western Railway

Shrewsbury

|121 mins

|Transport for Wales

Southampton Central

|156 mins

|Great Western Railway

Taunton

|122 mins

|Great Western Railway

Wrexham General

|161 mins

|Transport for Wales

{{col-break}}

;Regional/Local

class="wikitable sortable"
Destination

|Time from Central

|Operator

Aberdare

|63 mins

|Transport for Wales

Rhymney

|60 mins

|Transport for Wales

Barry

|24 mins

|Transport for Wales

Bridgend

|22-59 mins

|Great Western Railway
Transport for Wales

Coryton

|19 mins

|Transport for Wales

Ebbw Vale

|56 mins

|Transport for Wales

Maesteg

|54 mins

|Transport for Wales

Merthyr Tydfil

|62 mins

|Transport for Wales

Newport

|13-15 mins

|CrossCountry
Great Western Railway
Transport for Wales

Penarth

|16 mins

|Transport for Wales

Pontypridd

|30 mins

|Transport for Wales

Radyr

|26 mins

|Transport for Wales

Tredegar

|84 mins

|Transport for Wales

Treherbert

|66 mins

|Transport for Wales

{{col-end}}

Train operators

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

;Current train operators

class="wikitable"
Operator

|Image

|Stock operated

|Route(s)

CrossCountry

|Image:170111_near_Great_Shelford.jpg

|Class 170 Turbostar
Class 220 Voyager
Class 221 Voyager

|Cardiff Central – Nottingham via Gloucester and Birmingham
Cardiff Central – Edinburgh via Birmingham and York https://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/news/special-event-at-cardiff-central-marks-return-of-direct-services-between-cardiff-and-edinburgh

Great Western Railway

|Image:Queen_Elizabeth_II_800003.JPG

|Class 800 IET
Class 158 Express Sprinter

|London – Paddington via South Wales Main Line, Bristol Parkway and Reading
Cardiff Central – Portsmouth Harbour via Bristol Temple Meads, Bath, Salisbury and Southampton
Cardiff Central – Taunton via Bristol Temple Meads and Weston-Super-Mare

Transport for Wales

|Image:Hereford_-_Keolis_Amey_175003_Carmarthen_service.JPG

|Class 67 and Mark 4
Class 158 Express Sprinter
Class 153 Super Sprinter
Class 150 Sprinter
Class 197
Class 231 FLIRT
Class 756 FLIRThttps://tfw.wales/sites/default/files/2022-01/Fleet%20Access%20Specification_English_V1.pdf

|Cardiff Central – Holyhead via Shrewewsbury, Wrexham & Chester
West Wales – Manchester Piccadilly via Shrewewsbury & Crewe
Maesteg – Cheltenham Spa via Gloucester
South Wales Main Line to Swansea, Carmarthen, Tenby, Pembroke Dock, Milford Haven
Valley Lines
Cardiff Bay Line

{{col-end}}

{{col-begin}}

{{col-break}}

;Former train operators

class="wikitable"
Operator

|Years

|Image

Arriva Trains Wales

|2003–2018

|File:175008 at Newport.jpg

Central Trains

|1997–2007

|File:170518 at Peterborough.JPG

Valley Lines

|1995–2001

|File:143607 at Gloucester.JPG

{{col-break}}

;Former train operators

class="wikitable"
Operator

|Years

|Image

Virgin CrossCountry

|1997–2007

|Image:Virgin Voyager 220003 2005-06-09 03.jpg

Wales & Borders

|2001–2003

|Image:158823 at Bristol Temple Meads.JPG

Wales & West

|1997–2001

|

Wessex Trains

|2001–2006

|Image:158869 at Truro.JPG

{{col-end}}

Transport connections

The Cardiff Waterbus towards Cardiff Bay stops at Taff Mead Embankment, near Central Station.

Taxi ranks are located outside Central Station, as is cycle parking which is also available at many other city stations.

Cardiff Airport connects with the Cardiff rail network at {{stnlink|Rhoose Cardiff International Airport}} station, from which free shuttle buses run to the departures terminal.

Future plans

The South Wales Metro System is a proposed major overhaul of the transport systems in South East Wales, including integration of heavy rail and development of light rail and bus-based public transport services around the hub of Cardiff Central.

The disused railway station in the St. Fagans area, in the west of the city, could be reopened to bolster transport links for a major Cardiff tourist attraction, under a proposal in March 2010 by former First Minister Rhodri Morgan AM and Cardiff West MP Kevin Brennan, follow predictions that visitor numbers to the National History Museum could top one million a year by 2017. By 2012, further submissions will be made to try to secure £8.7m of funding towards the project.{{Cite web|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/calls-disused-st-fagans-train-1928322|title=Calls for disused St Fagans train station to be reopened|first=Simon|last=Gaskell|date=9 March 2010|website=WalesOnline}}

Network Rail is currently proposing adding an extra two platforms to both Cardiff Central and Cardiff Queen Street station, and installing a light rail metro system in the city.{{cite web|author=Steffan Rhys |url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/2008/11/26/train-tram-could-set-off-in-transport-proposals-91466-22341281/ |title=News – Wales News – Train-tram could set off in transport proposals |date=26 November 2008 |publisher=WalesOnline |access-date=2010-01-02}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}