2024 Indian general election

India has a multi-party system with two major parties, namely the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC), that dominate politics at the national level. The BJP has governed the country with Narendra Modi at the helm since 2014. The tenure of the 17th Lok Sabha was scheduled to end on 16 June 2024.{{cite web |title=Terms of the Houses |url=https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328103956/https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/ |archive-date=28 March 2022 |access-date=13 February 2022 |publisher=Election Commission of India}} The previous general election was held in April–May 2019, after which the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the BJP, formed the union government, with Modi continuing as Prime Minister.{{cite news|title=Narendra Modi sworn in as Prime Minister for second time|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/narendra-modi-sworn-in-as-prime-minister-for-second-time-780564|access-date=7 March 2022|work=Tribune India|date=30 May 2019|archive-date=7 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307123149/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/narendra-modi-sworn-in-as-prime-minister-for-second-time-780564|url-status=live}} The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, comprising 26 opposition parties, was formed in 2023 to compete against the NDA in the elections.{{cite news |date=19 July 2023 |title=Opposition names alliance INDIA in run-up to 2024 elections |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/opposition-alliance-named-india-indian-national-democratic-inclusive-alliance/articleshow/101856873.cms?from=mdr |access-date=5 June 2024 |newspaper=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=20 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720164802/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/opposition-alliance-named-india-indian-national-democratic-inclusive-alliance/articleshow/101856873.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}

{{main|Elections in India}}

File:Chief Election Commissioner announced the 2024 General Elections schedule for Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies during a press conference.jpg announced the schedule for the elections on 16 March 2024.]]

Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha to be held once every five years.{{cite web |title=The Constitution of India Update |url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf |access-date=4 February 2021 |publisher=Government of India |archive-date=22 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422232838/https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf |url-status=live}} The 543 MPs are elected from single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting.{{cite web|url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2145_B.htm|title=Electoral system|access-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506102836/http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2145_B.htm|archive-date=6 May 2017|url-status=live|work=IPU}} The 104th amendment to the constitution abolished the two seats that were reserved for the Anglo-Indian community.{{cite news |date=10 January 2020 |title=House ratifies quota for SC/STs in Assembly, Lok Sabha|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/house-ratifies-quota-for-scsts-in-assembly-lok-sabha/article30529538.ece|access-date=19 January 2021|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=12 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112150526/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/house-ratifies-quota-for-scsts-in-assembly-lok-sabha/article30529538.ece|url-status=live}}

Indian citizens who are 18 years or older, ordinary residents of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid voter identification card issued by the Election Commission of India or equivalent are eligible to vote.{{cite news|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/lok-sabha-elections-2019/news/lok-sabha-election-2019-phase-3-voting-how-to-vote-without-voter-id-card/story/339375.html|title=Lok Sabha Election 2019 Phase 3 voting: How to vote without voter ID card|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524095933/https://www.businesstoday.in/lok-sabha-elections-2019/news/lok-sabha-election-2019-phase-3-voting-how-to-vote-without-voter-id-card/story/339375.html |archive-date=24 May 2019|newspaper=Business Today|date=23 April 2019}} People convicted of electoral or other offenses and prisoners, are barred from voting.{{cite web|url=http://ecisveep.nic.in/voters/general-voters/|title=General Voters|website=Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Participation|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=4 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104180432/http://ecisveep.nic.in/voters/general-voters/|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live}} Indians holding foreign citizenship are not eligible to vote in India. There is no postal or online absentee voting in India; members of the Indian diaspora are required to travel back to their home constituencies in order to cast a ballot.{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/national/its-the-biggest-election-in-history-but-few-indians-in-canada-will-take-part|title=It's the biggest election in history, but few Indians in Canada will take part|newspaper=Montreal Gazette|date=18 April 2024|first=Chuck|last=Chiang|access-date=18 April 2024|archive-date=19 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419065340/https://montrealgazette.com/news/national/its-the-biggest-election-in-history-but-few-indians-in-canada-will-take-part|url-status=live}}

For the 2024 election, 968 million people were eligible to vote, an increase of about 150 million people from the 2019 election.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68573277 |title=India elections 2024: Vote to be held in seven stages |publisher=BBC News |date=16 March 2024 |access-date=17 March 2024 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419065327/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68573277 |url-status=live}} In Arunachal Pradesh, a polling station would be set up for the only registered voter in the village of Malogam, as electoral laws stipulate that voting booths need to be within {{convert|2|km|spell=in}} of any settlement.{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/polling-officials-to-trek-39-km-for-lone-voter-in-arunachal-village/articleshow/108820936.cms |title=Polling officials to trek 39 km for lone voter in Arunachal village |newspaper=The Times of India |date=27 March 2024 |access-date=12 April 2024 |archive-date=10 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410054553/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/polling-officials-to-trek-39-km-for-lone-voter-in-arunachal-village/articleshow/108820936.cms |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68678594 |title=India elections 2024: When are they, why do they matter and who can vote? |work=BBC |date=11 April 2024 |access-date=12 April 2024 |archive-date=11 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411191600/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68678594 |url-status=live }} A polling station was also set up inside the Gir Forest in Gujarat to cater for a single voter, a priest at a Hindu temple.{{cite news |date=8 May 2024 |title=An election booth inside a forest in India – for just one voter |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/5/8/an-election-booth-inside-a-forest-in-india-for-just-one-voter |access-date=8 May 2024 |work=Al Jazeera |archive-date=8 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508065911/https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/5/8/an-election-booth-inside-a-forest-in-india-for-just-one-voter |url-status=live }} Polling stations were also set up inside a wildlife sanctuary in Kerala, in a shipping container in Gujarat, and 320 relief camps hosting nearly 59,000 people displaced during violence in Manipur.{{cite news |last=Pathi |first=Krutika |date=15 April 2024 |title=India's national election will take place in phases over 44 days. Here's why it takes so long |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-election-2024-explainer-41d7aa3131dc0c7e0df1ea4be6b6a4c7 |access-date=15 April 2024 |work=ABP news |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407083655/https://apnews.com/article/india-election-2024-explainer-41d7aa3131dc0c7e0df1ea4be6b6a4c7 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Ashok |date=19 April 2024 |title=India starts voting in the world's largest election as Modi seeks a third term as prime minister |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-election-voting-begins-7ea0983c9b7bc7506c8457f44afcfd64 |access-date=19 April 2024 |work=Associated Press |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419065326/https://apnews.com/article/india-election-voting-begins-7ea0983c9b7bc7506c8457f44afcfd64 |url-status=live }}

In March 2024, the Supreme Court of India rejected a petition by the Congress party to end the usage of electronic voting machines (EVMs) and revert to paper ballots and manual counting, which was the system used in elections until the late 1990s, with the party citing risks of electoral fraud.{{cite news |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/29/soul-of-the-king-can-indias-coming-elections-be-rigged |author=Kapoor, Sanjay|title=Can the vote be rigged? Ahead of India election, old debate gets new life |work=Al Jazeera |date=29 March 2024 |access-date=29 March 2024 |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329052731/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/29/soul-of-the-king-can-indias-coming-elections-be-rigged |url-status=live}} Nearly 5.5 million EVMs were utilized in more than one million polling stations with 15 million election workers and security personnel tasked with managing the conduct of the election.{{cite news |last=Jacinto |first=Leela |date=13 April 2024 |title=India's mammoth elections: Nearly a billion voters, 44 polling days |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240413-india-s-mammoth-elections-nearly-a-billion-voters-44-polling-days |access-date=13 April 2024 |work=France 24 |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413084940/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240413-india-s-mammoth-elections-nearly-a-billion-voters-44-polling-days |url-status=live}}

For the first time, the Election Commission of India allowed voters with disabilities and those over the age of 85 to cast ballots from their homes.{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/those-aged-85-years-and-above-can-vote-from-home-via-postal-ballot/article67984705.ece|title=Those aged 85 years and above can vote from home via postal ballot|date=23 March 2024|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=19 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619163419/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/those-aged-85-years-and-above-can-vote-from-home-via-postal-ballot/article67984705.ece|url-status=live}} In Telangana, voting in some areas was extended by an hour more to allow voters to come at a more convenient time.{{cite news |last=Mollan |first=Cherylann |date=7 May 2024 |title=Lok Sabha elections 2024: Millions brave searing heat to vote in India |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68963549 |access-date=7 May 2024 |work=BBC |archive-date=6 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506235149/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68963549 |url-status=live}}

Key processes during a Lok Sabha election involved monitoring campaign expenditure, preventing the circulation of illicit goods, and ensuring adherence to the Model Code of Conduct. In the final 48 hours before voting, campaigns are ceased, and measures are implemented to maintain order and prevent disruptions. On polling day, strict rules are enforced to prevent undue influence and ensure a secure and free election process. After the elections, EVMs are sealed and stored under tight security with Booth Level Officers assisting throughout the process.{{cite news |date=18 April 2024 |title=Experts Explain: Last 72 hours most crucial during elections, here's what happens behind the scenes |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/lok-sabha-elections-2024-last-72-hour-drill-9276747/ |access-date=19 April 2024 |newspaper=The Indian Express |archive-date=18 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418181739/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/lok-sabha-elections-2024-last-72-hour-drill-9276747/ |url-status=live}}

{{transcluded section|source=Election schedule of the 2024 Indian general election}}

File:2024 Lok Sabha Election Schedule.svg

{{trim|{{#Section-h:Election schedule of the 2024 Indian general election|Schedule}}}}

{{main|List of political parties in India}}

The politics of India became increasingly bipolar in the run-up to the 2024 Indian general elections with two major alliances emerging; the incumbent National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and the opposition Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA). Six parties recognized as national parties contested the 2024 Indian general elections: the BJP, the INC, Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), National People's Party (NPP) and Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) with all except the BSP being a part of one of the two alliances.{{cite web|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/1649-recognized-national-parties/|title=National parties|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317221447/https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/1649-recognized-national-parties/|url-status=live}} Apart from the national parties, regional parties (who are allotted fixed symbols) and other unrecognized parties and independents contested the election.{{cite report|url=https://ceodelhi.gov.in/eLearningv2/admin/HindiPDF/Parties_Symbols_Conditions.pdf|title=Parties and symbols|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=21 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121171949/https://ceodelhi.gov.in/eLearningv2/admin/HindiPDF/Parties_Symbols_Conditions.pdf|url-status=live}}

{{main|National Democratic Alliance}}

The NDA is a big tent, mostly centre-right to right-wing political alliance led by the BJP.

{{Transcluded section|List of National Democratic Alliance candidates in the 2024 Indian general election#Seat sharing summary}}

{{#section-h:List of National Democratic Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election|Seat sharing summary}}

{{Main article|Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance}}

INDIA is a big tent bloc of opposition parties, which came together to contest against the NDA.{{cite news|title=INDIA, Indian National Democratic Inclusive Alliance of Opposition parties, to take on Modi-led NDA in 2024|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/india-likely-to-be-the-new-name-of-united-opposition-front-latest-updates-congress-oppn-meeting-in-bengaluru-2023-07-18-881644|work=India TV|author=Kumar, Raju|date=18 July 2023|access-date=18 July 2023|archive-date=18 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718113248/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/india-likely-to-be-the-new-name-of-united-opposition-front-latest-updates-congress-oppn-meeting-in-bengaluru-2023-07-18-881644|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title='I-N-D-I-A' Name Finalised For 26-Party Opposition Coalition|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/i-n-d-i-a-name-being-considered-for-united-opposition-say-sources-4218025|work=NDTV|access-date=18 July 2023|archive-date=18 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718113558/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/i-n-d-i-a-name-being-considered-for-united-opposition-say-sources-4218025|url-status=live}}

{{Transcluded section|List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election#Seat-sharing summary}}

{{#section-h:List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election|Seat-sharing summary}}

BSP leader Mayawati announced that her party will contest the election on its own in most states and ally with other non-BJP, non-Congress parties in a few states.{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/nda-or-i-n-d-i-a-bsp-chief-mayawati-on-joining-alliance-for-2024-101689757806372.html|title=NDA or I.N.D.I.A? BSP chief Mayawati on joining alliance for 2024|access-date=23 July 2023|newspaper=The Hindustan Times|date=19 July 2023|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723175558/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/nda-or-i-n-d-i-a-bsp-chief-mayawati-on-joining-alliance-for-2024-101689757806372.html|url-status=live}} On 11 May 2023, Biju Janata Dal leader and then Chief Minister of Odisha Naveen Patnaik said that his party would go alone for the Lok Sabha polls in Odisha after talks with the BJP fell through.{{cite news|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/bjd-to-go-solo-in-2024-lok-sabha-elections-no-possibility-of-third-front-naveen-patnaik/3084162/|title=BJD for going solo in 2024 Lok Sabha elections, no possibility of 'third front': Naveen Patnaik|date=12 May 2023|access-date=15 May 2023|newspaper=Financial Express|archive-date=15 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515033452/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/bjd-to-go-solo-in-2024-lok-sabha-elections-no-possibility-of-third-front-naveen-patnaik/3084162/|url-status=live}}{{sticky header}}

{{Table alignment}}

Incumbent Prime Minister Narendra Modi was announced as the prime ministerial candidate of the NDA.{{cite news |date=6 February 2024 |title=PM sets 370 poll target for BJP, 400+ for NDA |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-sets-370-poll-target-for-bjp-400-for-nda-101707158494533.html |access-date=22 February 2024 |newspaper=Hindustan Times |archive-date=22 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222214040/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-sets-370-poll-target-for-bjp-400-for-nda-101707158494533.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=Narendra Modi Will Be BJP's PM Candidate For 2024 General Elections, Announces Amit Shah |url=https://www.india.com/news/india/narendra-modi-will-be-bjps-pm-candidate-for-2024-general-elections-announces-amit-shah-5546023/ |date=1 August 2022| access-date=25 April 2024 |work=India.com |archive-date=15 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815013705/https://www.india.com/news/india/narendra-modi-will-be-bjps-pm-candidate-for-2024-general-elections-announces-amit-shah-5546023/ |url-status=live }} The INDIA bloc announced that the alliance will decide the Prime Minister after the polls.{{cite news |date=18 December 2023 |title=INDIA bloc PM candidate will be decided after 2024 polls: Mamata Banerjee |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-bloc-pm-candidate-will-be-decided-after-2024-polls-mamata-banerjee/articleshow/106096812.cms?from=mdr |access-date=3 February 2024 |newspaper=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=3 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203065101/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-bloc-pm-candidate-will-be-decided-after-2024-polls-mamata-banerjee/articleshow/106096812.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=5 April 2024 |title=INDIA bloc's PM candidate: What Rahul Gandhi said |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-blocs-pm-candidate-what-rahul-gandhi-said/articleshow/109067411.cms |access-date=25 April 2024 |newspaper=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=9 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240409122119/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-blocs-pm-candidate-what-rahul-gandhi-said/articleshow/109067411.cms |url-status=live }}

{{Main|List of National Democratic Alliance candidates in the 2024 Indian general election}}

File:2024 NDA Alliance Lok Sabha Seat Sharing.svg

The BJP announced its first list of 195 candidates on 2 March 2024{{cite news|title=BJP Candidates List 2024 for Lok Sabha Elections: PM Modi, Amit Shah, Hema Malini, Shivraj Singh Chouhan and others in first list – Check constituency-wise names|url=https://www.zeebiz.com/trending/politics/news-bjp-candidates-list-2024-lok-sabha-election-counting-voting-result-date-full-list-of-first-candidates-constituency-wise-state-wise-general-election-counting-voting-result-pm-modi-varanasi-hema-malini-meenakshi-lekhhi-smriti-irani|work=Zee News|access-date=2 March 2024|date=2 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302151434/https://www.zeebiz.com/trending/politics/news-bjp-candidates-list-2024-lok-sabha-election-counting-voting-result-date-full-list-of-first-candidates-constituency-wise-state-wise-general-election-counting-voting-result-pm-modi-varanasi-hema-malini-meenakshi-lekhhi-smriti-irani|archive-date=2 March 2024}}{{cite news |newspaper=The Hindustan Times |title=BJP Lok Sabha 2024 candidates: Check full list of 195 names here |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bjp-announces-195-candidates-for-lok-sabha-election-check-full-list-here-101709383269380.html |access-date=2 March 2024 |date=2 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302152450/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bjp-announces-195-candidates-for-lok-sabha-election-check-full-list-here-101709383269380.html |archive-date=2 March 2024 }} and the second list of 72 candidates was published in 13 March,{{cite news |date=13 March 2024 |title=BJP announces second list for Lok Sabha elections |url=https://www.livemint.com/elections/bjp-releases-2nd-candidate-list-manohar-lal-khattar-anurag-thakur-basavaraj-bommai-among-names-11710337353896.html |access-date=10 April 2024| work=Live Mint |archive-date=13 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313145329/https://bengali.news18.com/news/national/bjp-announces-second-candidate-list-for-lok-sabha-elections-2024-dmg-1555620.html |url-status=live }} while the third list of nine candidates was announced on 21 March.{{cite news |date=10 April 2024 |title=BJP Candidate List 2024: Party Unveils Another List Of 7 Candidates, Drops 3 Sitting MPs |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/bjp-candidate-list-2024-lok-sabha-election-ballia-mainpuri-up-west-bengal-1678925 |access-date=10 April 2024 |work=ABP News |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419065327/https://news.abplive.com/elections/bjp-candidate-list-2024-lok-sabha-election-ballia-mainpuri-up-west-bengal-1678925 |url-status=live }} The fourth list of 15 candidates was released on 22 March,{{cite news |title=BJP lok sabha list: BJP releases fourth list for Lok Sabha: 15 names announced for Tamil Nadu, Puducherry; Raadhika Sarathkumar gets a ticket |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjp-lok-sabha-candidate-list-bharatiya-janata-party-releases-4th-list-of-candidates-radhika-sarathkumar-gets-a-ticket/articleshow/108703946.cms?from=mdr |access-date=10 April 2024 |newspaper=The Economic Times | date=22 March 2024 |archive-date=23 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423024154/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjp-lok-sabha-candidate-list-bharatiya-janata-party-releases-4th-list-of-candidates-radhika-sarathkumar-gets-a-ticket/articleshow/108703946.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }} followed by the declaration of fifth list of 111 candidates on 24 March. Ultimately, the twentieth list of one candidate was released on 10 May.{{Cite news |title=BJP releases fifth list of candidates |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-elections-live-updates-march-24-2024/article67986700.ece |access-date=12 May 2024 |newspaper=The Hindustan Times |date=24 March 2024 |archive-date=12 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512194959/https://www.livehindustan.com/national/story-bjp-candidate-full-list-loksabha-chunav-2024-see-here-9449330.html |url-status=live }}

For the first time since 1996, the BJP did not field candidates in the Kashmir division, with analysts and opposition politicians attributing it to popular backlash over the BJP government's revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's autonomy enshrined under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution in 2019. Despite not having a formal candidate, BJP maintains a presence in the region through their support of local parties {{cite news |date=11 May 2024 |title=Kashmir: Why Modi's BJP is not fighting elections in the Himalayan region |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68968593 |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=BBC |archive-date=11 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240511065954/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68968593 |url-status=live }}

{{Main|List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election}}

{{See also|List of Left Front candidates in the 2024 Indian general election}}

The Congress released its first list of 39 candidates on 8 March 2024.{{cite news |date=8 March 2024 |title=Congress releases 1st list of 39 candidates for Lok Sabha polls; Rahul Gandhi to contest from Kerala's Wayanad again |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/congress-1st-list-39-candidates-lok-sabha-polls-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-9203478/ |access-date=9 April 2024 |newspaper=The Indian Express |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407055948/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/congress-1st-list-39-candidates-lok-sabha-polls-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-9203478/ |url-status=live }}{{cite news|date=4 May 2024 |title=Congress's Puri candidate opts out of polls: 'No funds, told to fend for myself' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/congress-puri-lok-sabha-candidate-returns-ticket-cites-insufficient-funds-2535188-2024-05-04 |access-date=9 May 2024 |work=India Today|archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510212423/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/congress-puri-lok-sabha-candidate-returns-ticket-cites-insufficient-funds-2535188-2024-05-04 |url-status=live }} Eventually, the twenty-eighth list of one candidate was announced on 7 May.{{cite news |date=7 May 2024 |title=Congress names Sher Singh Ghubaya from Ferozepur seat in Punjab |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/congress-names-sher-singh-ghubaya-from-ferozepur-seat-in-punjab/article68148821.ece |access-date=10 May 2024 |newspaper=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510035153/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/congress-names-sher-singh-ghubaya-from-ferozepur-seat-in-punjab/article68148821.ece |url-status=live }}

The All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) announced its list of 42 candidates for the West Bengal parliamentary seats on 10 March.{{cite news |date=10 March 2024 |title=Full list of TMC candidates for 42 Lok Sabha seats in West Bengal: Check it out here |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/tmc-releases-candidates-for-west-bengals-42-lok-sabha-seats-check-full-list-here-9206057/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |newspaper=The Indian Express |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419070559/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/tmc-releases-candidates-for-west-bengals-42-lok-sabha-seats-check-full-list-here-9206057/ |url-status=live }} In the Left Front, the CPI(M) announced its list first list of 44 candidates contesting from 13 different states on 28 March.{{cite news |date=28 March 2024 |title=CPI(M) releases first list of 44 candidates for Lok Sabha |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cpim-releases-first-list-of-44-candidates-for-lok-sabha-polls/articleshow/108853543.cms |access-date=28 March 2024 |newspaper=The Times of India |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329055938/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cpim-releases-first-list-of-44-candidates-for-lok-sabha-polls/articleshow/108853543.cms |url-status=live }}

The issue of unemployment has been a major problem for the Indian economy, especially affecting the youth.{{Cite web |title=India's Narendra Modi has a problem: high economic growth but few jobs |url=https://www.ft.com/content/6886014f-e4cd-493c-986b-1da2cfc8cdf2 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=Financial Times |date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323124253/https://www.ft.com/content/6886014f-e4cd-493c-986b-1da2cfc8cdf2 |url-status=live |last1=Reed |first1=John |last2=Lin |first2=Andy }}{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Ian |date=17 March 2024 |title=Narendra Modi's economy isn't booming for India's unemployed youth. So, why is his party favoured to win another election? |url=http://theconversation.com/narendra-modis-economy-isnt-booming-for-indias-unemployed-youth-so-why-is-his-party-favoured-to-win-another-election-224868 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323124252/http://theconversation.com/narendra-modis-economy-isnt-booming-for-indias-unemployed-youth-so-why-is-his-party-favoured-to-win-another-election-224868 |url-status=live }} Unemployment in India has been at a 45-year old high.{{Cite web |date=31 May 2019 |title=Unemployment rate at 45-year high, confirms Labour Ministry data |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/unemployment-rate-at-45-year-high-joblessness-at-6-1-of-labour-force-5759095/ |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323124254/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/unemployment-rate-at-45-year-high-joblessness-at-6-1-of-labour-force-5759095/ |url-status=live }} According to a 2022 World Bank report, India's youth unemployment rate stood at 23.2%,{{Cite news |date=3 March 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi says India's unemployment rate is double that of Pakistan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rahul-gandhi-claims-indias-unemployment-rate-is-double-that-of-pakistan/articleshow/108182321.cms |access-date=23 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323124253/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rahul-gandhi-claims-indias-unemployment-rate-is-double-that-of-pakistan/articleshow/108182321.cms |url-status=live }} whereas the national unemployment hovered around 7%. In 2023, 42.3% of graduates were unemployed, showing the lack of job growth needed to accommodate the increasing workforce.{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=42.3% of graduates under 25 unemployed, finds latest State of Working India report |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/42-3-of-graduates-under-25-unemployed-finds-latest-state-of-working-india-report-8949124/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |author=Walia, Aggam |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054532/https://indianexpress.com/article/business/42-3-of-graduates-under-25-unemployed-finds-latest-state-of-working-india-report-8949124/ |url-status=live }}

Unemployment took a centre stage in the election campaigns, with the opposition Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance criticising the BJP government's handling of the Indian economy for rising inflation, inequality and unemployment.{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=42.3% of graduates under 25 unemployed, finds latest State of Working India report |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/42-3-of-graduates-under-25-unemployed-finds-latest-state-of-working-india-report-8949124/ |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054532/https://indianexpress.com/article/business/42-3-of-graduates-under-25-unemployed-finds-latest-state-of-working-india-report-8949124/ |url-status=live}} As a part of its separate youth manifesto, the Congress-led INDIA bloc promised to fill in the 3 million vacancies in government jobs and bring in the "Right to Apprenticeship", in which any diploma and degree holder up to the age of 25 can demand employment for one year and they will get a one-year salary of ₹100,000 for the term of the job.{{Cite news |date=7 March 2024 |title=30 lakh govt jobs, Rs 5,000cr fund for startups: Congress unveils youth-centric manifesto |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/lok-sabha-polls-congress-vows-30-lakh-govt-jobs-laws-on-paper-leaks-in-youth-manifesto/articleshow/108296814.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307104204/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/lok-sabha-polls-congress-vows-30-lakh-govt-jobs-laws-on-paper-leaks-in-youth-manifesto/articleshow/108296814.cms |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}

The BJP prepared a pamphlet for the Ram Mandir Inauguration Programmes to connect with families across the nation. After the consecration of the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya, a new era of Hindu nationalistic sentiments have dominated the political sphere in India.{{Cite web |title=India's Narendra Modi rides Hindu nationalism wave in Ayodhya temple opening |url=https://www.ft.com/content/77258247-4db0-45d8-acae-5c6644f46c78 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240122121801/https://www.ft.com/content/77258247-4db0-45d8-acae-5c6644f46c78 |archive-date=22 January 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Financial Times|date=22 January 2024 |last1=Singh |first1=Jyotsna |last2=Reed |first2=John }}{{Cite web |date=15 November 2019 |title=How temple movement helped BJP |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-temple-movement-helped-bjp/story-VXQd0EgOAwvY4RStFndbVN.html |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054538/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-temple-movement-helped-bjp/story-VXQd0EgOAwvY4RStFndbVN.html |url-status=live}} Modi kept a long-standing political pledge of the reconstruction of the Ram Mandir and was seen to have fulfilled the BJP's manifesto to the nation's Hindu population. The Hindu nationalist ideology of Modi and the BJP has also garnered substantial support from Hindu community members.{{Cite web |author1=Suvolaxmi Dutta Choudhury |author2=Suvolaxmi Dutta |title=Temple Opening Raises Ruling Party's Stock Before Indian Election |url=https://www.asiapacific.ca/publication/temple-inauguration-raises-ruling-partys-stock-before-elections |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054703/https://www.asiapacific.ca/publication/temple-inauguration-raises-ruling-partys-stock-before-elections |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last=Basak |first=Sanjay |date=25 October 2023 |title=Ram Mandir Takes Center Stage for Saffron Victory |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/251023/ram-mandir-election-strategy.html |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=www.deccanchronicle.com |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054615/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/251023/ram-mandir-election-strategy.html |url-status=live}} At the same time, Bollywood productions have been released with themes supporting the Modi government's policies and Hindu nationalist ideologies.{{Cite web |last=Saaliq |first=Sheikh |date=22 March 2024 |title=As India's election nears, some Bollywood films promote Modi politics by embracing Hindu nationalism |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-general-elections-2024-bollywood-modi-nationalism-2aea78fec4324d805d74ddc2bff9f633 |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=Associated Press |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054626/https://apnews.com/article/india-general-elections-2024-bollywood-modi-nationalism-2aea78fec4324d805d74ddc2bff9f633 |url-status=live}} In response to such concerns, BJP spokesperson Mmhonlumo Kikon acknowledged the existence of a "level of threat perception", but said that the party was trying to change that.{{Cite web |date=26 March 2024 |title=Christians in India fearful as election looms |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240326-christians-in-india-fearful-as-election-looms |access-date=26 March 2024 |website=France 24 |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328054706/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240326-christians-in-india-fearful-as-election-looms |url-status=live}}

A major controversy was stirred when the opposition Congress Party and its leaders declined an invitation to the Ram Mandir consecration ceremony, saying that the event was politicised into a 'BJP-RSS event'.{{Cite news |date=10 January 2024 |title=Congress will not attend Ram Mandir inauguration, calls it 'BJP-RSS event' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/congress-will-not-attend-ram-mandir-inauguration-calls-it-bjp-rss-event/articleshow/106698316.cms |access-date=23 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055238/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/congress-will-not-attend-ram-mandir-inauguration-calls-it-bjp-rss-event/articleshow/106698316.cms |url-status=live}} Assam chief minister Himanta Biswa Sarma said that the invitation was an opportunity for the Congress to 'reduce its sin', and that history would continue to judge it as 'anti-Hindu'.{{Cite news |date=11 January 2024 |title=Ayodhya temple invite: Congress will continue to be judged 'anti-Hindu', says Himanta |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ayodhya-temple-invite-congress-will-continue-to-be-judged-anti-hindu-says-himanta/articleshow/106733074.cms |access-date=23 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055254/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ayodhya-temple-invite-congress-will-continue-to-be-judged-anti-hindu-says-himanta/articleshow/106733074.cms |url-status=live}} The four Shankaracharyas also declined attending the event, stating that the ceremony was politicised as a campaign event at the half-built temple.{{Cite web |title=NDTV Explains: Shankaracharyas "Won't Attend" Ram Temple Event, What Do They Say? |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ram-temple-ayodhya-shankaracharyas-to-skip-ndtv-explains-two-shankaracharyas-wont-attend-ram-temple-event-what-do-they-say-4865713 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055128/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ram-temple-ayodhya-shankaracharyas-to-skip-ndtv-explains-two-shankaracharyas-wont-attend-ram-temple-event-what-do-they-say-4865713 |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |title=Shankaracharya Raises Concerns Over New Ram Lalla Idol Placement and Unfinished Temple Construction |url=https://thewire.in/religion/shankaracharya-raises-concerns-over-new-ram-lalla-idol-placement-and-unfinished-temple-construction |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Wire |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055059/https://thewire.in/religion/shankaracharya-raises-concerns-over-new-ram-lalla-idol-placement-and-unfinished-temple-construction |url-status=live|date=18 January 2024}}

During a campaign rally in Rajasthan on 21 April, Narendra Modi accused the Congress party of prioritizing Muslim access to national wealth and planning to distribute resources among "those who have more children" and "infiltrators" once it was in power, which reflected stereotypes about Muslims reproducing in greater numbers and conspiracy theories pushed by the BJP that Muslims were planning to outnumber Hindus. Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge called Modi's remarks a panic-filled "hate speech" and a ploy to divert attention from the opposition outperforming the BJP during the first phase of the election, while officials in Rajasthan received complaints from the Azad Adhikar Sena and a non-profit organisation demanding Modi's arrest and for his campaign to be suspended.{{Cite web |title=India opposition criticises Modi for 'hate speech' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68872003 |access-date=22 April 2024 |website=BBC |date=22 April 2024 |archive-date=22 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422090525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68872003 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title='Infiltrators': Modi accused of anti-Muslim hate speech amid India election |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/22/infiltrators-modi-accused-of-anti-muslim-hate-speech-amid-india-election |access-date=22 April 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |date=22 April 2024 |archive-date=22 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422125147/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/22/infiltrators-modi-accused-of-anti-muslim-hate-speech-amid-india-election |url-status=live }}

A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".{{Cite web |title=Over 17,400 citizens write to Election Commission Seek Action against PM Modi Infiltrators Remark |url=https://www.india.com/news/over-17400-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seek-action-against-pm-modis-infiltrators-remark-6881114/ |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=www.india.com |language=en |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425071507/https://www.india.com/news/over-17400-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seek-action-against-pm-modis-infiltrators-remark-6881114/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=Over 17,400 citizens write to EC seeking action against PM Narendra Modi for hate speech |url=https://scroll.in/latest/1066924/2200-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seeking-action-against-pm-narendra-modi-for-hate-speech |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US |archive-date=23 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423123804/https://scroll.in/latest/1066924/2200-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seeking-action-against-pm-narendra-modi-for-hate-speech |url-status=live }}

On 15 February 2024, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the Electoral Bond system of campaign financing that was introduced by the Modi government in 2017 which allowed individuals and companies to donate money to political parties anonymously and without limits was unconstitutional, saying that the process allowed donors to assert "influence over policymaking".{{Cite web |title=Ban on India's electoral bonds: How will it affect 2024 election? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/16/check-on-quid-pro-quo-will-indias-electoral-bonds-ban-hurt-modi |access-date=21 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055254/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/16/check-on-quid-pro-quo-will-indias-electoral-bonds-ban-hurt-modi |url-status=live}} On 18 March, the court ordered the State Bank of India (SBI) to provide all records regarding the electoral bonds to the Election Commission of India by 21 March in order to match electoral donors with their recipients and rejected a plea by the Confederation of Indian Industry, the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India from divulging the identities of donors. Initial reports suggest that among the leading donors to political parties were some of India's largest firms such as Vedanta Limited, Bharti Airtel, RPSG Group and Essel Mining. It also found that the BJP was the recipient of nearly half of all recorded donations.{{Cite web |title=India bank ordered to share electoral bonds data linking donors, recipients |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/india-bank-ordered-to-share-electoral-bonds-data-linking-donors-recipients |access-date=21 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |date=18 March 2024 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055256/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/india-bank-ordered-to-share-electoral-bonds-data-linking-donors-recipients |url-status=live}}

In total, the top five political parties in terms of electoral bonds received are the BJP, which received Rs 6,060.5 crore, the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC), which received Rs 1,609.5 crore, the Congress Party, with Rs 1,421.8 crore, the Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS), which received Rs 1,214.7 crore, and the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), which received Rs 775.5 crore.{{Cite web |author1=Parvathi Benu |author2=Sindhu Hariharan |date=21 March 2024 |title=Electoral Bond Donations: MEIL Tops BJP Funding |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/data-focus/electoral-bond-donations-megha-engineering-bjps-biggest-donor-future-gaming-paid-big-to-tmc/article67977456.ece |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=BusinessLine |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055241/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/data-focus/electoral-bond-donations-megha-engineering-bjps-biggest-donor-future-gaming-paid-big-to-tmc/article67977456.ece |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |title=Top Five Political Parties Saw Electoral Bonds Fortunes Turning With Election Wins and Losses |url=https://thewire.in/politics/top-five-political-parties-saw-electoral-bonds-fortunes-turning-with-election-wins-and-losses |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=The Wire |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055810/https://thewire.in/politics/top-five-political-parties-saw-electoral-bonds-fortunes-turning-with-election-wins-and-losses |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |title=Who Were the Top Buyers of Electoral Bonds Paying? |url=https://thewire.in/politics/who-were-the-top-buyers-of-electoral-bonds-paying |date=21 March 2024 |author1=Perinchery, Aathira |author2=Mahaprashasta, Ajoy Ashirwad |author3=Kaur, Banjot |author4=Sen, Jahnavi |author5=Chishti, Seema |author6=Shantha, Sukanya |website=thewire.in |access-date=25 March 2024 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055810/https://thewire.in/politics/who-were-the-top-buyers-of-electoral-bonds-paying |url-status=live}} The biggest buyer of electoral bonds was found to be Santiago Martin, the Tamil Nadu-based head of the lottery firm Future Gaming and Hotel Services Private Limited, who bought bonds worth 13.68 billion rupees ($163 million) between 2020 and 2024 and made donations to the TMC, the BJP, and the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), which rules Tamil Nadu. The biggest single donor to any political party was Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Limited (MEIL), a construction firm based in Hyderabad that bought electoral bonds worth over 12 billion rupees ($144 million) between 2019 and 2024 and made donations to the Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS), the BJP, and the Congress Party, who alternated in ruling Telangana during that time.

Some politicians from the opposition have termed Electoral Bonds a "scam" and an "extortion racket".{{Cite web |date=15 March 2024 |title=Electoral bonds biggest scam, way to take hafta from firms: Rahul Gandhi |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/sbi-electoral-bonds-was-biggest-extortion-racket-in-world-rahul-gandhi-thane-election-commission-supreme-court-11710510134201.html |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=mint |language=en |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401001122/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/sbi-electoral-bonds-was-biggest-extortion-racket-in-world-rahul-gandhi-thane-election-commission-supreme-court-11710510134201.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=22 March 2024 |title=Congress calls electoral bond scheme biggest scam |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/congress-calls-electoral-bond-scheme-biggest-scam-101711130399412.html |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401001122/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/congress-calls-electoral-bond-scheme-biggest-scam-101711130399412.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=11 March 2024 |title='Electoral Bonds Will Prove To Be Biggest Scam In Indian History': Congress Salvo At Modi Govt |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/electoral-bonds-congress-modi-govt-rahul-gandhi-kharge-p-chidambaram-supreme-court-order-sbi-pm-narendra-modi-lok-sabha-election-2024-1671122 |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401001122/https://news.abplive.com/elections/electoral-bonds-congress-modi-govt-rahul-gandhi-kharge-p-chidambaram-supreme-court-order-sbi-pm-narendra-modi-lok-sabha-election-2024-1671122 |url-status=live }} In response to allegations regarding the electoral bonds, BJP spokesperson Syed Zafar Islam denied that the party had done any wrongdoing and said that its electoral bonds were gained "on merit".{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Yashraj |date=4 April 2024 |title=India's electoral bonds laundry: 'Corrupt' firms paid parties, got cleansed |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/4/indias-electoral-bonds-laundry-corrupt-firms-paid-parties-got-cleansed |access-date=4 April 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=4 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404053509/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/4/indias-electoral-bonds-laundry-corrupt-firms-paid-parties-got-cleansed |url-status=live }} However, Indian political observers have reached the conclusion that either Indian businessmen have been regularly bribing their way out of trouble, or that the BJP-controlled government has been using government agencies to extort them. From the data released by the SBI, it was found that companies gave donations around the time they received major government contracts. Close to half of the top 30 corporate donors were facing investigations by government agencies around the time they purchased electoral bonds.{{Cite news |last1=Shih |first1=Gerry |last2=Gupta |first2=Anand |date=29 March 2024 |title=Indian politics roiled as huge donations are linked to investigated firms |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/29/india-politics-bjp-electoral-bonds/ |access-date=31 March 2024 |newspaper=The Washington Post |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419070351/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/29/india-politics-bjp-electoral-bonds/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last1=Travelli |first1=Alex |last2=Kumar |first2=Hari |date=25 March 2024 |title=Data Dump Exposes the Fuzzy Lines Between Money and Politics in India |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/15/world/asia/india-election-donations.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240315144809/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/15/world/asia/india-election-donations.html |archive-date=15 March 2024 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite web |last=Venu |first=M. K. |date=16 March 2024 |title=Electoral Bonds Blow Giant Holes in Modi's Anti-Corruption Plank |url=https://thewire.in/politics/sc-verdict-renders-pm-modis-anti-corruption-plank-shaky-amid-electoral-bond-revelations |access-date=1 April 2024 |website=The Wire (India) |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401001122/https://thewire.in/politics/sc-verdict-renders-pm-modis-anti-corruption-plank-shaky-amid-electoral-bond-revelations |url-status=live }}

Before and during the election, several political leaders made insensitive and disparaging comments for political gains. In September 2023, DMK leader Udhayanidhi Stalin was criticized for his controversial statement, stating that Sanatana Dharma should not merely be opposed but must be eradicated, claiming that it opposes social justice and equality, and compared the Sanatana Dharma with malaria and dengue.{{Cite web |title=Udhayanidhi Stalin's 'Sanatan Dharma' Remark: SC Lawyer Files Complaint With Delhi Police, Seeks FIR Against DMK Leader |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/udhayanidhi-stalin-sanatan-remark-row-case-filed-against-dmk-leader-for-provocative-defamatory-statement |access-date=2023-09-03 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}} In February 2024, Congress leader BK Hariprasad commented that Pakistan is an enemy for the Bharatiya Janata Party, but not them, which were heavily condemned by BJP leaders.{{cite web|url= https://www.indiatoday.in/india/karnataka/story/karnataka-remark-sparks-row-bk-hariprasad-pakistan-enemy-country-bjp-congress-assembly-2508221-2024-02-28|title= Pakistan enemy country for BJP, not for us: Karnataka Congress leader sparks row}}

{{Main|Bharatiya Janata Party campaign for the 2024 Indian general election}}

The national executive meeting of the BJP held on 16 and 17 January 2023 saw the party reaffirm its faith in Prime Minister Narendra Modi and extend the tenure of BJP national president J. P. Nadda.{{cite web |last=Mishra |first=Himanshu |title=BJP National President JP Nadda's tenure extended till June 2024 |website=India Today |date=18 February 2024 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/jp-nadda-bjp-national-president-tenure-extended-june-2024-2503743-2024-02-18 |access-date=25 March 2024 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060202/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/jp-nadda-bjp-national-president-tenure-extended-june-2024-2503743-2024-02-18 |url-status=live}}

Charting out the BJP's strategy for the upcoming polls, Modi said in a speech to party workers that they should reach out to every section of society, including the marginalised and minority communities, "without electoral considerations".{{Cite web |date=18 January 2023 |title=BJP's big meet ahead of 9 state polls, 2024 Lok Sabha elections: Here's what happened |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bjp-national-executive-meeting-highlights-pm-modi-2024-elections-8388809/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125014040/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bjp-national-executive-meeting-highlights-pm-modi-2024-elections-8388809/ |archive-date=25 January 2023 |access-date=25 January 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}

Following the 2023 Legislative Assembly elections, Modi debuted the slogan "Modi Ki Guarantee" for the 2024 polls.{{cite web |date=26 July 2023 |title='Yeh Modi ki guarantee hai...': PM Modi's promise to India for his 3rd term |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/yeh-modi-ki-guarantee-hai-pm-modis-promise-to-india-in-his-3rd-term-11690381342788.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204020952/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/yeh-modi-ki-guarantee-hai-pm-modis-promise-to-india-in-his-3rd-term-11690381342788.html |archive-date=4 December 2023 |access-date=4 December 2023}} Another slogan used was Abki Baar 400 Paar (This Time Surpassing 400),{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/modi-virtually-addressed-the-viksit-bharat-viksit-madhya-pradesh-programme/article67900724.ece | title='Abki Baar, 400 Paar' slogan coined by public, not BJP: PM | newspaper=The Hindu | date=29 February 2024 | last1=Malpani | first1=Mehul | access-date=24 May 2024 | archive-date=10 May 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510164516/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/modi-virtually-addressed-the-viksit-bharat-viksit-madhya-pradesh-programme/article67900724.ece | url-status=live }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-polls-2024/video/teesri-baar-modi-sarkar-abki-baar-400-paar-bjps-slogan-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-2483290-2024-01-02|title='Teesri baar Modi sarkar, abki baar 400 paar': BJP's slogan for 2024 Lok Sabha polls|website=India Today|date=2 January 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=9 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309132325/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-polls-2024/video/teesri-baar-modi-sarkar-abki-baar-400-paar-bjps-slogan-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-2483290-2024-01-02|url-status=live}} referring to the party's goal of winning more than 400 out of 543 seats in the Lok Sabha.{{cite web | url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/bjp-coins-new-slogan-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-ab-ki-baar-400-paar-11704211730336.html | title=BJP coins new slogan for 2024 Lok Sabha polls—'...Ab ki baar 400 paar' | date=2 January 2024 | access-date=24 May 2024 | archive-date=11 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411225110/https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/bjp-coins-new-slogan-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-ab-ki-baar-400-paar-11704211730336.html | url-status=live }} Having been used by the BJP in previous elections, including the 2019 general election with some changes,{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/teesri-baar-modi-sarkar-ab-ki-baar-400-paar-bjps-new-slogan-for-lok-sabha-2024-polls/articleshow/106491662.cms?from=mdr|title="Teesri baar Modi Sarkar, ab ki baar 400 paar": BJP's new slogan for Lok Sabha 2024 polls|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=2 January 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=9 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309132327/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/teesri-baar-modi-sarkar-ab-ki-baar-400-paar-bjps-new-slogan-for-lok-sabha-2024-polls/articleshow/106491662.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}} election analysts have said that the path for the BJP to achieve this goal will likely be by winning more seats in the south of India than in previous elections.{{Cite web |title=Will Modi win 400 seats in India's election? The south holds the answer |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/17/will-modi-win-400-seats-in-indias-election-the-south-holds-the-answer |access-date=18 April 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522161658/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/17/will-modi-win-400-seats-in-indias-election-the-south-holds-the-answer |url-status=live }}

The party held political rallies in multiple states with national leadership including Modi, BJP President J. P. Nadda and Amit Shah campaigning actively.{{cite web| url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/modi-ko-chunte-hai-bjp-launches-campaign-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-492917| title="Modi Ko Chunte Hai" : BJP Launches Campaign for 2024 Lok Sabha Polls| access-date=24 May 2024| archive-date=24 May 2024| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524142046/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/modi-ko-chunte-hai-bjp-launches-campaign-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-492917| url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bjp-launches-campaign-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-sapne-nahi-haqeeqat-bunte-hai/articleshow/107134892.cms|title='Sapne Nahi, Haqeeqat Bunte Hai'... : BJP launches campaign for 2024 Lok Sabha polls|newspaper=The Times of India|date=25 January 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=9 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309132325/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bjp-launches-campaign-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls-sapne-nahi-haqeeqat-bunte-hai/articleshow/107134892.cms|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/top-events-of-the-day-pm-modi-to-visit-assam-arunachal-west-bengal-uttar-pradesh-neet-registration-last-day-and-more-11709944719925.html|title=Top events of the day: PM Modi to visit 4 states, NEET UG registration last day|date=9 March 2024|website=mint|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=3 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403233628/https://www.livemint.com/news/top-events-of-the-day-pm-modi-to-visit-assam-arunachal-west-bengal-uttar-pradesh-neet-registration-last-day-and-more-11709944719925.html|url-status=live}}

During a campaign rally, Uttar Pradesh chief minister Yogi Adityanath described the election as a contest between "devotees of Ram" and "anti-Ram forces" and urged voters to select the former. Modi also accused the opposition of plotting to raze the Ram Mandir temple once they were in power.

During a campaign rally in Rajasthan on 21 April, Narendra Modi accused the Congress party of prioritizing Muslim access to national wealth and planning to distribute resources among "those who have more children" and "infiltrators" once it was in power, which reflected stereotypes about Muslims reproducing in greater numbers and conspiracy theories pushed by the BJP that Muslims were planning to outnumber Hindus. Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge called Modi's remarks a panic-filled "hate speech" and a ploy to divert attention from the opposition outperforming the BJP during the first phase of the election, while officials in Rajasthan received complaints from the Azad Adhikar Sena and a non-profit organisation demanding Modi's arrest and for his campaign to be suspended. Following Modi's speech, the BJP posted an animated video on its official Instagram account reiterating Modi's claims and showing Rahul Gandhi holding a copy of the Congress Party's election manifesto that morphs into the symbol of the All-India Muslim League. After being flagged by multiple users, the video was taken down less than 24 hours after its publication.{{Cite web |title=India's animated video wars cause stir on the campaign trail |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240505-india-s-animated-video-wars-cause-stir-on-the-campaign-trail |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=France 24 |date=5 May 2024 |archive-date=5 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505091528/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240505-india-s-animated-video-wars-cause-stir-on-the-campaign-trail |url-status=live }} A similar video posted on X towards voters in Karnataka was also ordered taken down by the Electoral Commission and led to police opening cases against senior BJP leaders.{{Cite web |title=India election: Modi's party accused of demonising Muslims in video |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918331 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=BBC |date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508004734/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918331 |url-status=live }}

A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".

On 14 April 2024, the BJP invited foreign diplomats posted in the country as well as 25 overseas political parties including the Conservative and the Labour parties of the United Kingdom, the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) of Germany and the Awami League of Bangladesh to observe the party's electoral campaign.{{Cite web |title=Parties From These Nations Accept BJP Invite To Witness Its Poll Campaign |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/parties-from-these-nations-accept-bjp-invite-to-witness-its-poll-campaign-5435416 |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414012955/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/parties-from-these-nations-accept-bjp-invite-to-witness-its-poll-campaign-5435416 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=9 April 2024 |title=In BJP external push, 25 global parties invited to have a ringside view of Lok Sabha polls, its campaign |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/bjp-lok-sabha-polls-campaign-external-push-9260790/ |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=13 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413204820/https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/bjp-lok-sabha-polls-campaign-external-push-9260790/ |url-status=live }} This initiative is part of the "Know BJP" campaign, aimed at external outreach and familiarisation with the election process. As part of this program, BJP president J. P. Nadda met with envoys from 13 countries.{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Abhijeet |date=11 April 2024 |title=LS polls: BJP invites 25 global parties to observe elections, its campaign |url=https://www.business-standard.com/elections/lok-sabha-election/ls-polls-bjp-invites-25-global-parties-to-observe-elections-its-campaign-124041100111_1.html |access-date=14 April 2024 |work=business-standard |archive-date=11 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411063716/https://www.business-standard.com/elections/lok-sabha-election/ls-polls-bjp-invites-25-global-parties-to-observe-elections-its-campaign-124041100111_1.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=In "Know BJP" Push, JP Nadda To Meet Envoys Of 13 Countries Today |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/foreign-envoys-set-to-interact-with-bjp-chief-jp-nadda-tomorrow-3056150 |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=10 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610171126/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/foreign-envoys-set-to-interact-with-bjp-chief-jp-nadda-tomorrow-3056150 |url-status=live }}

The bloc's first joint rally was held in Patna, Bihar on 3 March 2024. The rally saw, among others, Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge, party leader Rahul Gandhi, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) chief Lalu Prasad Yadav, former Bihar deputy chief minister Tejashwi Yadav, Samajwadi Party leader Akhilesh Yadav, and senior Left leaders Sitaram Yechury and D. Raja. Kharge attacked Kumar for frequently changing alliances and criticised the BJP for not fulfilling its promise of jobs and neglecting the country's poor and the majority.{{Cite web |date=3 March 2024 |title=INDIA bloc slams BJP's 'lies' at its rally in Bihar |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-bloc-slams-bjp-s-lies-at-its-rally-in-bihar-101709489768344.html |access-date=5 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=4 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304011157/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-bloc-slams-bjp-s-lies-at-its-rally-in-bihar-101709489768344.html |url-status=live}}

The alliance jointly held a rally at Shivaji Park in Mumbai on 17 March, a day after the end of Rahul Gandhi's Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra. The rally was attended by Gandhi, SS(UBT) president Uddhav Thackeray, NCP(SP) leader Sharad Pawar, RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav, and DMK leader and Tamil Nadu chief minister M. K. Stalin, among many others.{{Cite web |date=17 March 2024 |title=Mumbai rally LIVE Updates: PM Modi is just an actor, says Rahul Gandhi |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-election-news-live-rahul-gandhi-narendra-modi-bjp-congress-india-alliance-march-17-101710638741589.html |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060134/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-election-news-live-rahul-gandhi-narendra-modi-bjp-congress-india-alliance-march-17-101710638741589.html |url-status=live}} At the rally, Gandhi said that he was compelled to launch his yatra due to rising inflation and unemployment in the nation.{{Cite web |date=17 March 2024 |title='Ab ki baar, BJP tadipar': Who said what at INDIA bloc's Mumbai rally |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ab-ki-baar-bjp-tadipar-who-said-what-at-india-blocs-mumbai-rally-101710691185896.html |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060221/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ab-ki-baar-bjp-tadipar-who-said-what-at-india-blocs-mumbai-rally-101710691185896.html |url-status=live}}

A few days after arrest of Delhi chief minister Arvind Kejriwal in connection with the alleged Delhi liquor scam on 22 March,{{Cite web |date=20 March 2024 |title="Why don't you appear on receiving ED summons": Delhi HC asks Arvind Kejriwal |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/why-don-t-you-appear-on-receiving-ed-summons-delhi-hc-asks-arvind-kejriwal-101710918644418.html |access-date=1 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=23 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323171519/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/why-don-t-you-appear-on-receiving-ed-summons-delhi-hc-asks-arvind-kejriwal-101710918644418.html |url-status=live }} the opposition alliance held a protest rally against the same in Ramlila Maidan, Delhi on 31 March, where opposition leaders alleged the corruption case on him and his subsequent arrest to be a "fabrication with political motives" and a "witch hunt".{{Cite web |title=India opposition protests in capital over Kejriwal's arrest before election |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/31/india-opposition-protests-in-capital-over-kejriwals-arrest-before-election |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331234642/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/31/india-opposition-protests-in-capital-over-kejriwals-arrest-before-election |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Ashutosh |date=31 March 2024 |title=Opposition showcases unity at massive rally at Delhi's Ramlila Grounds, slams BJP's 'witch hunt' |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/news/democracy-opposition-india-bloc-showcases-unity-rally-at-delhis-ramlila-grounds-slams-bjps-witch-hunt/article68013684.ece |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=Frontline |language=en |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331234644/https://frontline.thehindu.com/news/democracy-opposition-india-bloc-showcases-unity-rally-at-delhis-ramlila-grounds-slams-bjps-witch-hunt/article68013684.ece |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=31 March 2024 |title=Thousands rally in India's capital as opposition bloc and Prime Minister Modi launch their campaigns |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-election-opposition-modi-kejriwal-396a85e3fc4e4ed43018436b690b0fe0 |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=AP News |language=en |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331234643/https://apnews.com/article/india-election-opposition-modi-kejriwal-396a85e3fc4e4ed43018436b690b0fe0 |url-status=live }} At the rally, named "Loktantra Bachao" (Save Democracy), amid current events, the opposition tried to frame the election as being "democracy vs dictatorship".{{Cite web |title='Democracy vs dictatorship': Opposition unites over INDIA bloc leaders' arrests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/arvind-kejriwal-arrested-india-bloc-opposition-loktantra-bachao-rally-latest-updates-traffic-diversions-protests-2521291-2024-03-31 |access-date=31 March 2024 |website=India Today |date=31 March 2024 |language=en |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331234643/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/arvind-kejriwal-arrested-india-bloc-opposition-loktantra-bachao-rally-latest-updates-traffic-diversions-protests-2521291-2024-03-31 |url-status=live }}

{{main|Indian National Congress campaign for the 2024 Indian general election}}

The Congress campaign was launched from Nagpur at a huge rally in which over 1 million people were expected to have attended on 28 December 2023.{{Cite web |last=Mohan |first=Archis |date=15 December 2023 |title=Congress to launch 2024 Lok Sabha election campaign from Nagpur on Dec 28 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/politics/congress-to-hold-grand-rally-in-nagpur-on-dec-28-to-mark-foundation-day-123121501139_1.html |access-date=16 December 2023 |archive-date=16 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216045648/https://www.business-standard.com/politics/congress-to-hold-grand-rally-in-nagpur-on-dec-28-to-mark-foundation-day-123121501139_1.html |url-status=live}} This rally also marked the 138th Congress Foundation Day and was being held to energise party cadres for the 2024 general election.{{Cite web |work=Livemint |date=15 December 2023 |title=Congress organises massive rally in Nagpur on Dec 28, over 10 lakh to attend |url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/congress-organises-massive-rally-in-nagpur-10-lakh-people-expected-to-attend-event-on-december-28-11702634914717.html |access-date=15 December 2023 |language=en |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228071623/https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/congress-organises-massive-rally-in-nagpur-10-lakh-people-expected-to-attend-event-on-december-28-11702634914717.html |url-status=live}} Party workers from all over the state were called to join the rally.{{Cite web |date=13 December 2023 |title=Rahul to visit Maharashtra by end of Dec as Cong gets serious about state |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/rahul-visit-maharashtra-end-of-dec-cong-serious-state-9067112/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103182913/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/rahul-visit-maharashtra-end-of-dec-cong-serious-state-9067112/ |url-status=live}}

File:Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra logo & slogan.jpg logo & slogan]]

On 14 January, the party launched its Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra,{{cite web |date=13 January 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi sets off on Yatra 2.0 before Lok Sabha polls, focus on Hindi heartland states, SC, ST belts |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/rahul-gandhi-bharat-jodo-nyay-yatra-congress-lok-sabha-elections-hindi-sc-st-9108294/ |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=26 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171706/https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/rahul-gandhi-bharat-jodo-nyay-yatra-congress-lok-sabha-elections-hindi-sc-st-9108294/ |url-status=live}} a sequel to the Bharat Jodo Yatra held the previous year.{{cite news |date=27 December 2023 |title=Eye on Lok Sabha polls, Rahul Gandhi to launch Manipur to Mumbai Bharat Nyay Yatra on January 14 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rahul-gandhi-bharat-nyay-yatra-January-14-manipur-to-mumbai-9084383/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230084650/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rahul-gandhi-bharat-nyay-yatra-January-14-manipur-to-mumbai-9084383/ |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |work=The Indian Express |language=en}} The yatra started in Thoubal, Manipur and ended in Mumbai on 16 March 2024. It covered 6,713 kilometres (4,171 miles) across 14 states.{{cite news |last1=Phukan |first1=Sandeep |date=27 December 2023 |title=Rahul Gandhi to lead Bharat Nyay Yatra across 14 States |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-leader-rahul-gandhi-to-lead-bharat-nyay-yatra-across-14-states/article67679021.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230084650/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-leader-rahul-gandhi-to-lead-bharat-nyay-yatra-across-14-states/article67679021.ece |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN}}

File:भारत जोड़ो न्याय यात्रा.jpg

Rahul Gandhi warned that the whole of India will be on fire if the BJP wins the 2024 parliamentary elections and changes the Constitution, during an address at Delhi's Ramlila Maidan.{{cite web | title="If BJP wins these match fixed elections...country will be on fire": Rahul Gandhi | website=The Hawk | date=31 March 2024 | url=https://www.thehawk.in/posts/%22if-bjp-wins-these-match-fixed-elections...country-will-be-on-fire%22:-rahul-gandhi | access-date=10 April 2024 | archive-date=3 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403011830/https://www.thehawk.in/posts/%22if-bjp-wins-these-match-fixed-elections...country-will-be-on-fire%22:-rahul-gandhi | url-status=live }}{{cite web | last=Khanduri | first=Shailesh | title=India will burn if BJP wins 2024 Lok Sabha polls: Rahul Gandhi at Ramlila ground | website=NewsDrum | date=31 March 2024 | url=https://www.newsdrum.in/national/india-will-burn-if-bjp-wins-2024-lok-sabha-polls-says-rahul-gandhi-at-ramlila-ground-4437655 | access-date=10 April 2024 | archive-date=18 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418192045/https://www.newsdrum.in/national/india-will-burn-if-bjp-wins-2024-lok-sabha-polls-says-rahul-gandhi-at-ramlila-ground-4437655 | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Race to Lok Sabha: 'If BJP wins these match fixed polls...country will be on fire' | website=Bangalore Mirror | date=1 April 2024 | url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/race-to-lok-sabha-if-bjp-wins-these-match-fixed-polls-country-will-be-on-fire/articleshow/108923732.cms | access-date=10 April 2024 | archive-date=2 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402234608/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/race-to-lok-sabha-if-bjp-wins-these-match-fixed-polls-country-will-be-on-fire/articleshow/108923732.cms | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=INDIA Bloc Rally | website=The Economic Times | date=31 March 2024 | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-bloc-rally-rahul-gandhi-if-bjp-wins-by-fixing-elections-country-will-be-on-fire/videoshow/108921183.cms?from=mdr | access-date=10 April 2024 | archive-date=18 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418192044/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-bloc-rally-rahul-gandhi-if-bjp-wins-by-fixing-elections-country-will-be-on-fire/videoshow/108921183.cms?from=mdr | url-status=live }}

The Congress started a crowdfunding campaign known as Donate for Desh (Donate for the Country) ahead of the general elections. It formally launched the campaign's digital version on 18 December 2023 at a dedicated website. It claimed to be inspired from Mahatma Gandhi's Tilak Swaraj Fund (1920–21). The physical version of the campaign, which be done via door-to-door collection drives, was launched on 28 December.{{Cite web |last=Joy |first=Shemin |title=Congress chief Mallikarjun Kharge launches 'Donate for Desh' campaign in New Delhi, gives Rs 1.38L to party |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/delhi/congress-launches-donate-for-desh-crowdfunding-campaign-in-new-delhi-2815272 |access-date=18 December 2023 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en |archive-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218060613/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/delhi/congress-launches-donate-for-desh-crowdfunding-campaign-in-new-delhi-2815272 |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=16 December 2023 |title=Congress announces crowdfunding campaign ahead of Lok Sabha polls |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-announces-crowdfunding-campaign-ahead-of-lok-sabha-polls/article67644793.ece |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216122900/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-announces-crowdfunding-campaign-ahead-of-lok-sabha-polls/article67644793.ece |archive-date=16 December 2023 |issn=0971-751X}}

The campaign received {{INRConvert|1.45|c}} on its first day, with the top five states in amount of donations being Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Karnataka.{{Cite web |date=19 December 2023 |title=Donate for Desh: Congress raises around ₹1.5 crore through crowdfunding |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/donate-for-desh-congress-raises-around-rs-1-5-crore-in-just-one-day-through-crowdfunding-says-ajay-maken-11702964985150.html |access-date=19 December 2023 |website=mint |language=en |archive-date=16 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216084635/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/donate-for-desh-congress-raises-around-rs-1-5-crore-in-just-one-day-through-crowdfunding-says-ajay-maken-11702964985150.html |url-status=live }}

By the end of 2023, the campaign received around {{INRConvert|9|c}}, with 30% of the funds being collected from Telangana and Maharashtra alone.{{Cite web |title=Donate for Desh |url=https://donateinc.net/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229053141/https://donateinc.net/ |archive-date=29 December 2023 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=Donate for Desh}}

The campaign had collected about {{INRConvert|20|c}} according to the party when on 28 January, it rebranded its crowdfunding campaign to Donate for Nyay (Donate for Justice), in line with Rahul Gandhi's ongoing Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra.{{Cite news |date=27 January 2024 |title=Congress launches crowdfunding campaign for Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-launches-crowdfunding-campaign-for-bharat-jodo-nyay-yatra/article67784121.ece |url-access=subscription |access-date=12 February 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=24 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524141713/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-launches-crowdfunding-campaign-for-bharat-jodo-nyay-yatra/article67784121.ece |url-status=live }} The ensuing crowdfunding campaign collected four crores in 4 days.{{Cite web |date=1 February 2024 |title=Donate For Nyay, Raises ₹4 Crores In 4 Days |url=https://bharatjodonyayyatra.com/nyay-news/donate-for-nyay-raises-%E2%82%B94-crores-in-4-days/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra |language=en-US |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609072531/https://bharatjodonyayyatra.com/nyay-news/donate-for-nyay-raises-%E2%82%B94-crores-in-4-days/ |url-status=live }}

On 16 February 2024, the Congress Party alleged that the Income Tax Department (IT) ordered the freezing of bank accounts by the Congress Party containing 2.1 billion rupees ($25.3 million) as part of an ongoing legal dispute.{{Cite web |title=India's Congress says $25m frozen by tax department ahead of election |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/16/indias-congress-says-25m-funds-frozen-by-tax-department-ahead-of-election |access-date=21 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055707/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/16/indias-congress-says-25m-funds-frozen-by-tax-department-ahead-of-election |url-status=live}} The Congress Party's treasurer Ajay Maken later added that tax authorities imposed a 2.1-billion rupee ($25 million) lien on 13 February, "virtually sealed" its bank accounts and confiscated 1.1 billion rupees ($14 million). The party's leader Rahul Gandhi complained that the restrictions had rendered the party unable to campaign properly, adding that "Our entire financial identity has been erased." Gandhi also accused Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah of conducting a "criminal action" against the party, which the BJP denied. His mother and former Congress leader Sonia Gandhi also alleged that the tax issues are "part of the systemic efforts to cripple" the party. An appeal is currently pending in the Supreme Court.{{Cite web |title=India's Congress party accuses government of freezing accounts before polls |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/21/indias-congress-party-accuses-government-of-freezing-accounts-before-polls |access-date=21 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055719/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/21/indias-congress-party-accuses-government-of-freezing-accounts-before-polls |url-status=live}}

According to the IT Department's official sources, it has recovered {{INR}}135 crore from the Congress for breaking the legislation exempting political parties from paying taxes, rather than freezing the party's bank accounts as the opposition party had claimed.{{Cite news |date=21 March 2024 |title=Cong's accounts not frozen, recovery of Rs 135 cr made; more transactions under scrutiny: Officials |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/congs-accounts-not-frozen-recovery-of-rs-135-cr-made-more-transactions-under-scrutiny-officials/articleshow/108685200.cms |access-date=22 March 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055708/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/congs-accounts-not-frozen-recovery-of-rs-135-cr-made-more-transactions-under-scrutiny-officials/articleshow/108685200.cms |url-status=live}} The party received notices from the IT department again on 29 March asking it to pay {{INRConvert|1823.08|c|0}}. The Congress accused the BJP of engaging in "tax terrorism" and alleged that the BJP is in serious violation of income-tax laws and that the IT department should raise a demand of {{INRConvert|4617.58|c|0}} crore from the BJP for such violations.{{cite news |last1=M. R. |first1=Senjo |title=Cong gets fresh IT notices for Rs 1,800 cr; alleges it's tax terrorism |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/cong-gets-fresh-it-notices-for-rs-1800-cr-alleges-its-tax-terrorism/20240329.htm |access-date=29 March 2024 |work=Rediff |date=29 March 2024 |language=en |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329100605/https://www.rediff.com/news/report/cong-gets-fresh-it-notices-for-rs-1800-cr-alleges-its-tax-terrorism/20240329.htm |url-status=live }}

{{main|Communist Party of India (Marxist) campaign for the 2024 Indian general election}}

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) began their election campaign in Kerala after announcing 15 candidates in the state.{{Cite news |date=26 February 2024 |title=CPI announces candidates in Kerala for Lok Sabha elections |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/cpi-announces-candidates-in-kerala-for-lok-sabha-elections/article67888737.ece |access-date=18 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=17 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417171435/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/cpi-announces-candidates-in-kerala-for-lok-sabha-elections/article67888737.ece |url-status=live }}

The Rashtriya Janata Dal began its campaign with its Jan Vishwas Yatra ("People's Trust Yatra") on 20 February 2024. RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav launched the yatra from Muzaffarpur in Bihar. The yatra lasted until 1 March 2024 and covered 33 districts.{{Cite news |date=19 February 2024 |title=Bihar: Tejashwi Yadav to kickstart Jan Vishwas Yatra tomorrow |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-tejashwi-yadav-to-kickstart-jan-vishwas-yatra-tomorrow/articleshow/107830062.cms?from=mdr |access-date=25 February 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=25 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225065335/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-tejashwi-yadav-to-kickstart-jan-vishwas-yatra-tomorrow/articleshow/107830062.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Dev |title=Tejashwi Yadav begins Jan Vishwas Yatra, slams Nitish Kumar in kickoff to Lok Sabha campaign |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/tejashwi-yadav-begins-jan-vishwas-yatra-slams-nitish-kumar-in-kickoff-to-lok-sabha-poll-campaign/cid/2001898 |access-date=25 February 2024 |website=The Telegraph (India) |language=en |archive-date=25 February 2024 |date=21 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225064951/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/tejashwi-yadav-begins-jan-vishwas-yatra-slams-nitish-kumar-in-kickoff-to-lok-sabha-poll-campaign/cid/2001898 |url-status=live}} In Siwan on 23 February, Yadav termed the BJP "a dustbin" which takes in other parties that have become "garbage".{{Cite news |last=Bhelari |first=Amit |date=23 February 2024 |title=Impressive turnout at Tejashwi's Jan Vishwas Yatra in Bihar |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/impressive-turnout-at-tejashwis-jan-vishwas-yatra-in-bihar/article67874416.ece |access-date=25 February 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=25 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225070035/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/impressive-turnout-at-tejashwis-jan-vishwas-yatra-in-bihar/article67874416.ece |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Dev |date=23 February 2023 |title=Tejashwi Yadav slams BJP for giving swords in hands of people, becoming 'dustbin' |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/tejashwi-prasad-yadav-blames-bjp-of-giving-swords-in-hands-of-people-and-for-becoming-dustbin/cid/2002341 |access-date=25 February 2024 |website=The Telegraph (India) |language=en |archive-date=25 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225070035/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/tejashwi-prasad-yadav-blames-bjp-of-giving-swords-in-hands-of-people-and-for-becoming-dustbin/cid/2002341 |url-status=live}}

{{Further information|Arrest of Arvind Kejriwal}}

The election period also coincided with investigations by authorities into state officials belonging to opposition parties, such as Delhi Chief Minister and Aam Aadmi Party leader Arvind Kejriwal, who is under investigation for alleged corruption in the allocation of liquor licences, and Jharkhand Chief Minister Hemant Soren, who was arrested in February 2024 for allegedly facilitating an illegal land sale. The Enforcement Directorate is also investigating four chief ministers not allied with the BJP on various charges, while investigations have been closed on former opposition politicians who have since joined the BJP. Hartosh Singh Bal, a journalist for the current affairs magazine The Caravan told Agence France-Presse that the move by government agencies indicated their behavior as "handmaidens of the ruling party to cow down the political opposition".

Following Kejriwal's arrest on 21 March over the liquor license scam charges, Delhi's finance minister Atishi Marlena Singh accused the BJP of orchestrating a "political conspiracy" against Kejriwal.{{Cite web |title=Indian opposition leader Arvind Kejriwal arrested over corruption claims |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/21/india-capitals-chief-minister-arrested-over-graft-probe-ahead-of-elections |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060228/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/21/india-capitals-chief-minister-arrested-over-graft-probe-ahead-of-elections |url-status=live}} His arrest also led to clashes between party leaders, supporters and the police on 22 March.{{Cite web |title=A Modi rival is arrested. Now, supporters of the opposition leader are protesting in India's capital |url=https://apnews.com/article/arvind-kejriwal-new-delhi-india-election-3227e705b58b3925a78e4517b2a30572 |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=Associated Press |date=22 March 2024 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060229/https://apnews.com/article/arvind-kejriwal-new-delhi-india-election-3227e705b58b3925a78e4517b2a30572 |url-status=live}} Rahul Gandhi, reacting to Kejriwal's arrest, said that a "scared dictator" wants to create a "dead democracy", without naming anyone.{{Cite web |date=21 March 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi's first reaction after Arvind Kejriwal's arrest: 'Scared dictator wants to create a dead democracy' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/rahul-gandhis-first-reaction-after-kejriwals-arrest-scared-dictator-wants-to-create-a-dead-democracy-101711039757573.html |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060226/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/rahul-gandhis-first-reaction-after-kejriwals-arrest-scared-dictator-wants-to-create-a-dead-democracy-101711039757573.html |url-status=live}} After he was released on bail and allowed to vote, Kejriwal urged citizens to "vote against dictatorship".{{Cite web |title=Indian Opposition Politician Kejriwal Urges 'Vote Against Dictatorship' |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/indian-opposition-politician-kejriwal-urges-vote-against-dictatorship-cb1a1d52 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=Barron's |language=en |date=25 May 2024 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525165418/https://www.barrons.com/news/indian-opposition-politician-kejriwal-urges-vote-against-dictatorship-cb1a1d52 |url-status=live }} He then returned to prison as part of his bail conditions.{{Cite web |title=Top Indian opposition leader returns to jail, vows to fight 'dictatorship' as Modi eyes victory |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240602-top-indian-opposition-leader-returns-to-jail-vows-to-fight-dictatorship-as-modi-eyes-victory |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=France 24 |language=en |date=2 June 2024 |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602142047/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240602-top-indian-opposition-leader-returns-to-jail-vows-to-fight-dictatorship-as-modi-eyes-victory |url-status=live }}

The BJP-led government has been known to use Enforcement Directorate raids to target opposition politicians critical of it, with 95% of cases registered being against opposition leaders.{{Cite web |date=27 July 2022 |title=Enforcement Directorate: The Rise And Rise Of 'ED Sarkar' |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901113946/https://www.outlookindia.com/national/enforcement-directorate-the-rise-and-rise-of-ed-sarkar--news-212317 |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Does the All-Powerful Enforcement Directorate Have a Director? |url=https://thewire.in/government/does-the-all-powerful-enforcement-directorate-have-a-director |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Wire |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055659/https://thewire.in/government/does-the-all-powerful-enforcement-directorate-have-a-director |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last1=Anand |first1=Dibyesh |last2=Kaul |first2=Nitasha |date=14 April 2023 |title=India: Rahul Gandhi's defamation trial highlights drift away from democracy under Narendra Modi |url=http://theconversation.com/india-rahul-gandhis-defamation-trial-highlights-drift-away-from-democracy-under-narendra-modi-203852 |access-date=23 March 2024 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328055814/http://theconversation.com/india-rahul-gandhis-defamation-trial-highlights-drift-away-from-democracy-under-narendra-modi-203852 |url-status=live}} Since 2014, 25 opposition leaders facing corruption charges have joined the BJP, with 23 of them having their inquiries closed or frozen after joining the ruling party.{{Cite web |date=3 April 2024 |title=Since 2014, 25 Opposition leaders facing corruption probe crossed over to BJP, 23 of them got reprieve |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-exclusive/since-2014-25-opposition-leaders-facing-corruption-probe-crossed-over-to-bjp-23-of-them-got-reprieve-9247737/ |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=3 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403130635/https://indianexpress.com/article/express-exclusive/since-2014-25-opposition-leaders-facing-corruption-probe-crossed-over-to-bjp-23-of-them-got-reprieve-9247737/ |url-status=live }} This has led the Congress Party to compare the trend to a "washing machine" in one of its campaign videos.

After an intraparty dispute that led to the splitting of the Shiv Sena party based in Maharashtra, the Supreme Court of India barred the Shiv Sena (UBT) faction which joined the I.N.D.I.A. alliance from using the party's historic bow-and-arrow symbol as its electoral symbol in balloting and awarded it instead to the Balasahebanchi Shiv Sena wing which joined the NDA. This led the UBT faction to adopt a torch as its electoral symbol.{{Cite web |title=The taxman cometh for India's weakened opposition as Modi eyes election victory |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240414-taxman-cometh-india-weakened-opposition-modi-eyes-election-victory-bjp |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=France 24 |date=14 April 2024 |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414095024/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240414-taxman-cometh-india-weakened-opposition-modi-eyes-election-victory-bjp |url-status=live }}

{{Main|Bharatiya Janata Party campaign for the 2024 Indian general election#Manifesto}}

The BJP proposed a 'GYAN' formula consisting of four segments – Garib (poor), Yuva (youth), Annadata (farmers) and Nari (women) in its manifesto.{{cite web |date=25 January 2024 |title=BJP Lok Sabha election manifesto: PM Modi seeks views from India's youth |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjp-lok-sabha-election-manifesto-pm-modi-seeks-views-from-indias-youth/articleshow/107138211.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060734/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjp-lok-sabha-election-manifesto-pm-modi-seeks-views-from-indias-youth/articleshow/107138211.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=28 March 2024 |access-date=25 March 2024 |website=The Economic Times}} The Bharatiya Janata Party started a campaign to gather public recommendations and suggestions for the advancement of the State and the country, which will be incorporated into the party's manifesto titled 'Modi ki guarantee' for the 2024 general elections.{{Cite news |date=15 March 2024 |title=BJP starts campaign to collect public suggestions for party's manifesto |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/bjp-starts-campaign-to-collect-public-suggestions-for-partys-manifesto/article67955173.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060739/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/bjp-starts-campaign-to-collect-public-suggestions-for-partys-manifesto/article67955173.ece |archive-date=28 March 2024 |access-date=27 March 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}{{Cite web |title=Lok Sabha polls 2024: PM Modi asks youth of India to contribute to BJP's manifesto |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bjp-manifesto-pm-modi-lok-sabha-polls-2024-2493482-2024-01-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060637/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bjp-manifesto-pm-modi-lok-sabha-polls-2024-2493482-2024-01-25 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |access-date=27 March 2024 |website=India Today |date=25 January 2024 |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=14 April 2024 |title=Ayushman Cover for 70+, UCC to One Nation, One Poll & Man on Moon: BJP's Poll Manifesto Highlights |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/ayushman-cover-for-70-ucc-to-one-nation-one-elections-man-on-moon-bjps-lok-sabha-poll-manifesto-highlights-8851020.html |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414114014/https://www.news18.com/elections/ayushman-cover-for-70-ucc-to-one-nation-one-elections-man-on-moon-bjps-lok-sabha-poll-manifesto-highlights-8851020.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=BJP Releases 'Modi Ki Guarantee' Manifesto, Congress Calls It Apology |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjps-2024-election-manifesto-focuses-on-uplifting-women-poor-and-youth-5437817 |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414075830/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjps-2024-election-manifesto-focuses-on-uplifting-women-poor-and-youth-5437817 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title='Modi Ki Guarantee' For Youth, Women, Farmers: Highlights Of BJP Manifesto |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/modi-ki-guarantee-for-youth-women-farmers-highlights-of-bjp-manifesto-5438279 |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=15 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415021319/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/modi-ki-guarantee-for-youth-women-farmers-highlights-of-bjp-manifesto-5438279 |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=14 April 2024 |title=BJP's Lok Sabha poll manifesto highlights: UCC implementation, maintaining peace in Northeast |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-polls-2024-bjp-manifesto-sankalp-patra-highlights-pm-modi/article68064276.ece |access-date=14 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414140907/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-polls-2024-bjp-manifesto-sankalp-patra-highlights-pm-modi/article68064276.ece |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=14 April 2024 |title=BJP manifesto key takeaways: From CAA, one nation one election, to hosting Olympics in 2036 |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/bjp-manifesto-sankalp-patra-key-highlights-9268858/ |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414143650/https://indianexpress.com/elections/bjp-manifesto-sankalp-patra-key-highlights-9268858/ |url-status=live }}

• Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: In order to assure women's representation in the legislatures of the states and the national leadership, the BJP pledged to systematically implement the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam.
• Lakhpati Didi: 30,000,000 rural women are being empowered to become "Lakhpati Didis".
• Free ration: Under the PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, the BJP announced that it would give 800,000,000 citizens free rations for the next five years.
• Increasing MSP: on crops on a periodic basis was pledged in the manifesto. 6,000 rupees in annual financial support under the PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana.
• Free electricity: The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana's free power for low-income homes was another pledge in the manifesto.
• 3 Crore house: In the PM Housing Scheme, the BJP manifesto pledges to build 30,000,000 houses, people with disabilities will now be given priority, and care will be taken to make sure they are housed in accordance with their unique requirements.
• For youngsters: BJP pledge to enact laws to stop the leak of competitive test question papers. Increase the startup ecosystem's reach to encourage youth entrepreneurship. Expanding job prospects in the manufacturing sector. Creating jobs through the development of infrastructure. Creating jobs through growing the tourism industry.
• For truck drivers: Construction of modern buildings with facilities which allows truck drivers to rest, park, and have access to clean drinking water and food on all national highways.
• One Nation, One Election: In its manifesto, or Sankalp Patra, the BJP includes "One Nation, One Election," for the general elections. This implies that simultaneous elections for the Lok Sabha and all the state assemblies may take place in 2029.{{Cite web |date=21 March 2024 |title=Exclusive: BJP's Lok Sabha Poll Manifesto Could Promise 'One Nation, One Election' And Uniform Civil Code |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/exclusive-bjps-lok-sabha-poll-manifesto-could-promise-one-nation-one-election-and-uniform-civil-code-8822934.html |access-date=27 March 2024 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=27 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327144056/https://www.news18.com/elections/exclusive-bjps-lok-sabha-poll-manifesto-could-promise-one-nation-one-election-and-uniform-civil-code-8822934.html |url-status=live }}
• Uniform Civil Code: The manifesto includes the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC).{{Cite web |title=Modi's BJP promises common civil code ahead of India polls |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240414-modi-s-bjp-promises-common-civil-code-ahead-of-india-polls |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=France 24 |date=14 April 2024 |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414094955/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240414-modi-s-bjp-promises-common-civil-code-ahead-of-india-polls |url-status=live }}
• Free Ayushman for all senior citizens: Under the Ayushman Bharat Yojana, all senior citizens would be eligible for free, high-quality healthcare up to Rs 5 Lakhs.
• US$5 trillion economy: The BJP pledges to increase India's GDP to US$5 trillion by 2025 and $10 trillion by 2032. The Ministry of Finance has predicted that India's economy will rank third overall in the world.{{Cite news |date=29 January 2024 |title=India to become third largest economy with GDP of $5 trillion in three years: Finance Ministry |url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/india-to-become-third-largest-economy-with-gdp-of-5-trillion-in-three-years-finance-ministry/article67788662.ece |access-date=29 March 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329044207/https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/india-to-become-third-largest-economy-with-gdp-of-5-trillion-in-three-years-finance-ministry/article67788662.ece |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=How fencing the Indo-Myanmar border is a long overdue idea |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/how-fencing-the-indo-myanmar-border-is-a-long-overdue-idea-2520325-2024-03-28 |access-date=29 March 2024 |website=India Today |date=28 March 2024 |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328153617/https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/how-fencing-the-indo-myanmar-border-is-a-long-overdue-idea-2520325-2024-03-28 |url-status=live }} Earlier in 2018 and then again in 2019, Modi had stated the goal of the country reaching a GDP of US$5 trillion by 2022 and 2024 respectively, which went unrealized.{{Cite news |date=20 September 2018 |title=Economy will double to $5 trillion by 2022, says Modi |url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/indian-economy-to-reach-5-trillion-size-by-2022-says-pm-narendra-modi/article24997549.ece |access-date=7 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407092849/https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/indian-economy-to-reach-5-trillion-size-by-2022-says-pm-narendra-modi/article24997549.ece |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=14 November 2019 |title=Modi says wants to make India a $5 trillion economy by 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1XN2RT/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=Reuters |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407092850/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1XN2RT/ |url-status=live }}
• United Nations Security Council: committed to securing India's UN Security Council permanent membership.
• Crack down on terrorism: Initiatives to create partnership to eliminate global terror and crack down on terror funding.
• Left wing extremism: Fighting Left-Wing Extremism by promoting growth and utilizing a variety of approaches.
• Third-largest economic power: India will rank as the country with the third-largest GDP. India's rank rose from the 11th to the 5th largest GDP in the last ten years.
• Man on Moon and Bharatiya Antariksha Station: to establish a permanent Bharatiya Antariksha Station and send a man to the moon.

{{main|Indian National Congress campaign for the 2024 Indian general election#Manifesto}}

The Congress released their group-specific manifesto promises for the general election in the month of March.{{Cite web |date=6 March 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi to launch 'youth manifesto' of Congress party for Lok Sabha polls today |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/rahul-gandhi-to-launch-youth-manifesto-of-congress-party-for-lok-sabha-polls-today-1503276448.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240306075331/https://www.thestatesman.com/india/rahul-gandhi-to-launch-youth-manifesto-of-congress-party-for-lok-sabha-polls-today-1503276448.html |archive-date=6 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |website=The Statesman |language=en}} The manifesto focuses on five major segments of the population and promises them:

• Youth Manifesto: formal employment for a year to under 25 graduate students, filling of 3,000,000 government job vacancies, transparency in government job recruitment, ₹5,000 crore (US$605,000) fund for startups, standardisation of the government recruitment exam process, and social security for gig workers.{{Cite news |date=7 March 2024 |title=30 lakh govt jobs, Rs 5,000cr fund for startups: Congress unveils youth-centric manifesto |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/lok-sabha-polls-congress-vows-30-lakh-govt-jobs-laws-on-paper-leaks-in-youth-manifesto/articleshow/108296814.cms |access-date=8 June 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307104204/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/lok-sabha-polls-congress-vows-30-lakh-govt-jobs-laws-on-paper-leaks-in-youth-manifesto/articleshow/108296814.cms |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=7 March 2024 |title=Assured job, freedom from paper leaks: Rahul Gandhi's 2024 LS poll promises |url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/rahul-gandhi-promises-jobs-for-youth-social-security-for-gig-workers-ahead-of-lok-sabha-2024-polls-11709807882343.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307130555/https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/rahul-gandhi-promises-jobs-for-youth-social-security-for-gig-workers-ahead-of-lok-sabha-2024-polls-11709807882343.html |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |website=mint}}{{cite web |author=C G, Manoj |date=7 March 2024 |title='Our apprenticeship promise is like MNREGA. We will make it a legal right ... a world first': Congress manifesto panel member |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/congress-lok-sabha-elections-manifesto-rahul-gandhi-9201644/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307145132/https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/congress-lok-sabha-elections-manifesto-rahul-gandhi-9201644/ |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |website=The Indian Express}}
• Women Manifesto: ₹100,000 in financial assistance to women from poor families, 50% of new government job recruitments to women, double central government's contribution to the salary of anganwadi, ASHA, and midday meal workers, legal assistance in every panchayat, and at least one hostel for working women in district headquarters.{{cite web |date=13 March 2024 |title=₹1 lakh cash transfer, 50% quota in jobs: Congress's 5 big poll promises for women voters |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/1-lakh-cash-transfer-50-quota-in-jobs-congresss-5-big-poll-promises-for-women-voters-101710316559876.html |access-date=13 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328060740/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/1-lakh-cash-transfer-50-quota-in-jobs-congresss-5-big-poll-promises-for-women-voters-101710316559876.html |url-status=live}}{{cite web |last=Bose |first=Mrityunjay |title=Congress unveils guarantees for women ahead of 2024 Lok Sabha elections |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/elections/india/congress-unveils-guarantees-for-women-ahead-of-2024-lok-sabha-elections-2934482 |access-date=13 March 2024 |website=Deccan Herald |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328061220/https://www.deccanherald.com/elections/india/congress-unveils-guarantees-for-women-ahead-of-2024-lok-sabha-elections-2934482 |url-status=live}}
• Farmers Manifesto: legal guarantee on MSP for farmers, waiving off of farmers' loans, an import-export policy favourable to them, removal of GST from agricultural commodities, and payments directly into farmers' bank accounts within 30 days in case of crop loss.{{cite web |date=14 March 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi announces Congress' 5 big poll promises to farmers: MSP, agriculture loan waiver... |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-announces-congress-5-big-poll-promises-to-farmers-msp-agriculture-loan-waiver-101710413734047.html |access-date=18 March 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328061221/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/rahul-gandhi-announces-congress-5-big-poll-promises-to-farmers-msp-agriculture-loan-waiver-101710413734047.html |url-status=live}}
• Labourers Manifesto: Universal healthcare coverage for workers, increasing national minimum wage to ₹400 (US$4.8) per day from the current ₹172 (US$2.1) per day, an urban employment guarantee law similar to MGNREGA in the rural areas, life and accident insurance for informal sector workers.{{cite news |date=16 March 2024 |title=Lok Sabha polls: Congress unveils 5 guarantees each for 'Shramik Nyay' and 'Hissedari Nyay, promises caste census |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/congress-unveils-5-guarantees-each-for-shramik-nyay-and-hissedari-nyay-promises-caste-census/articleshow/108543704.cms |access-date=31 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331232849/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/congress-unveils-5-guarantees-each-for-shramik-nyay-and-hissedari-nyay-promises-caste-census/articleshow/108543704.cms |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=27 March 2024 |title=Congress pledges national minimum wage at Rs 400 a day if voted to office |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cong-pledges-national-minimum-wage-at-rs-400-a-day-if-voted-to-office/articleshow/108800238.cms |access-date=31 March 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331232850/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cong-pledges-national-minimum-wage-at-rs-400-a-day-if-voted-to-office/articleshow/108800238.cms |url-status=live }}
• Caste census: The Congress party declared that, if it wins the election, it will conduct a comprehensive census called to survey the population, socio-economic conditions, and representation in governance institutions. It also promised to bring in legislation to eliminate the 50% cap on reservations for SC, ST, and backward classes and to protect tribal forest rights.{{cite web |date=9 October 2023 |title=Congress sets its poll line, bats for caste census |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rahul-gandhi-says-cwc-unanimously-supports-idea-of-nationwide-caste-census-8974891/ |access-date=29 March 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=29 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329150424/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rahul-gandhi-says-cwc-unanimously-supports-idea-of-nationwide-caste-census-8974891/ |url-status=live}} Rahul Gandhi's call for "jitni abadi, utna haq" (distribution of public resources proportionate to the population) and the combined demands of the opposition parties (SP, RJD, and Congress) for a caste census.{{cite web |date=28 May 2024 |title=Akhilesh Yadav and Rahul Gandhi's strategy — promise of caste census and more reservation |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/akhilesh-yadav-and-rahul-gandhis-strategy-promise-of-caste-census-and-more-reservation-9356524/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529132944/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/akhilesh-yadav-and-rahul-gandhis-strategy-promise-of-caste-census-and-more-reservation-9356524/ |url-status=live}}

The complete manifesto titled Nyay Patra ({{langx|hi|न्याय पत्र |translation=Justice Paper}}) was released on 5 April 2024.{{cite web |title=Indian National Congress 2024 Manifesto |url=https://inc.in/media/manifesto |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=Indian National Congress |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406191855/https://inc.in/media/manifesto |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Congress promises ' ₹1 lakh for poor Indian family' in 'Nyay Patra' |url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/congress-releases-manifesto-for-lok-sabha-polls-2024-with-nyay-theme-11712296628943.html |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=mint |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406200032/https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/congress-releases-manifesto-for-lok-sabha-polls-2024-with-nyay-theme-11712296628943.html |url-status=live}} Some noticeable points in the manifesto include (apart from above promises released earlier) the:

• Introduction of a law to recognize civil unions between couples belonging to the LGBTQIA+ community.
• Implementation of the Rajasthan Model of cashless insurance up to 2,500,000 for universal healthcare.
• Prohibitions on dumping of effluents into water bodies across India.
• Increasing of forest cover as India has lost the second – highest forest cover after Brazil between 2015 and 2020.
• Establishment of community sports centers at every block and municipality level as well as multi – sport center at every district level.
• Establishment of government medical colleges – cum – hospitals in all districts of India.
• Abolition of the Agnipath Scheme and a return to the normal recruitment processes followed by the Army, Navy and Air Force.
• Waiving of student education loans as a one – time measure outstanding as of 15 March 2024.
• Provision of one day in a week to discuss the agenda suggested by the opposition benches in each House of Parliament.
• Non – intervention with personal choices of food and dress, to love and marry, and to travel and reside in any part of India. All laws and rules that interfere unreasonably with personal freedoms will be repealed.
• Decriminalisation of the offence of defamation and provide, by law, a speedy remedy by way of civil damages.
• Rejection of the 'One Nation One Election' idea.
• Establishment of a National Judicial Commission (NJC) responsible for the selection and appointment of judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court.
• Amending of the Constitution to create two divisions in the Supreme Court: a Constitutional Court and a Court of Appeal. The Constitutional Court consisting of the seven most senior judges will hear and decide cases involving the interpretation of the Constitution and other cases of legal significance or national importance. The Court of Appeal will be the final court of appeal that will, sitting in Benches of three judges each, hear appeals from the High Court and National Tribunals.
• Elimination of the "Angel tax" and all other exploitative tax schemes that inhibit investment in new micro, small companies and innovative start-ups.

Narendra Modi, on 21 April during an election campaign rally in Rajasthan, falsely claimed that former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh once said "Muslims have the first right on the country's resources". However, Singh's speech also mentioned backward communities, including scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, Other Backward Classes, women, children, and minorities.{{cite web | last=Kaskar | first=Zeeshan | title=Fact-Check: Did PM Modi Lie About Manmohan Singh s First Claim Statement? | website=The Wire | date=23 April 2024 | url=https://m.thewire.in/article/communalism/modi-muslims-manmohan-sigh-first-claim/amp | access-date=3 June 2024 | archive-date=4 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604040013/https://m.thewire.in/article/communalism/modi-muslims-manmohan-sigh-first-claim/amp | url-status=live }} Modi falsely claimed that Rahul Gandhi had not named Gautam Adani and Mukesh Ambani throughout the elections. Gandhi had mentioned Adani and Ambani about 25 times.{{cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Ankita |title=Fact Check: PM Modi's Claim About Rahul Gandhi's 'Sudden Silence On Adani And Ambani' Is False |website=ABP Live |date=11 May 2024 |url=https://news.abplive.com/fact-check/pm-modi-false-claim-rahul-gandhi-sudden-silence-on-adani-and-ambani-1686616 |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510223120/https://news.abplive.com/fact-check/pm-modi-false-claim-rahul-gandhi-sudden-silence-on-adani-and-ambani-1686616 |url-status=live}}

In April 2024, the BBC reported that AI and deepfake videos were allegedly used by both the BJP and the opposition parties in the 2024 elections.{{cite news |date=16 May 2024 |title=AI and deepfakes blur reality in India elections |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918330 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516141840/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918330 |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |language=en-GB}}

An alleged doctored video of BJP leader Amit Shah’s speech regarding reservations in Telangana on April 23 was posted by Telangana Congress on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter), where Amit Shah was wrongly shown to be announcing the curtailment of reservations granted to the SC, ST, & OBC communities.{{cite news |date=30 April 2024 |title=Amit Shah: Share information on disseminator of fake video, will take action |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/share-information-on-disseminator-of-fake-video-will-take-action-amit-shah/article68124056.ece |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=The Hindu |archive-date=10 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610235230/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/share-information-on-disseminator-of-fake-video-will-take-action-amit-shah/article68124056.ece |url-status=live }} Amit Shah accused the opposition of tampering with his video, leading to the registration of an FIR and a summons being issued to Telangana's Chief Minister Revanth Reddy.{{cite web |date=3 May 2024 |title=Telangana origin of Amit Shah's doctored video: 'X' to police |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/telangana-origin-of-amit-shahs-doctored-video-x-to-police-9304547/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516200623/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/telangana-origin-of-amit-shahs-doctored-video-x-to-police-9304547/ |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |website=The Indian Express}} The police arrested two people, one from the Congress party, and another from the opposition Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) in connection with Shah's case.{{cite news |date=16 May 2024 |title=AI and deepfakes blur reality in India elections |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918330 |url-status=live |publisher=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516141840/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-68918330 |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |language=en-GB}} The arrested Congress worker was associated with its social media unit, and was alleged to have created Shah's fake video.{{cite news |date=30 April 2024 |title=Amit Shah doctored video case: Amit Shah fake video case: Delhi Police arrest Congress member Arun Reddy |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/amit-shah-fake-video-case-delhi-police-arrest-arun-reddy-who-handles-the-spirit-of-congress-x-account/articleshow/109820948.cms |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=The Economic Times |archive-date=10 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610235229/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/amit-shah-fake-video-case-delhi-police-arrest-arun-reddy-who-handles-the-spirit-of-congress-x-account/articleshow/109820948.cms |url-status=live }}{{cite web |date=7 May 2024 |title=Indian politician called to scrap affirmative action for Muslims, not lower castes |url=https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.34QK8QU |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601035812/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.34QK8QU |archive-date=1 June 2024 |access-date=1 June 2024 |website=AFP Fact Check}} The Congress Party denied the involvement of its worker in this case.{{cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Top India opposition official held over edited video |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4n125l69w2o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504140906/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4n125l69w2o |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=4 May 2024 |publisher=BBC News}}

In June 2024, Time noted throughout the elections, associates and supporters of the BJP circulated fake news in order to discredit its opponents and spread hatred against religious minorities.{{cite magazine |last=Rajvanshi |first=Astha |title=How Modi's Supporters Spread Disinformation on Social Media |magazine=Time |date=3 June 2024 |url=https://time.com/6984947/india-election-disinformation-modi/ |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603162254/https://time.com/6984947/india-election-disinformation-modi/ | url-status=live }}

{{Transcluded section|Opinion polling for the 2024 Indian general election#Seats and vote share projections}}

{{#section-h:Opinion polling for the 2024 Indian general election|Seats and vote share projections}}

{{#section-h:Opinion polling for the 2024 Indian general election|Exit polls}}

File:Polling officials are carrying Electronic Voting Machine (EVMs) and other election related materials required for the 5th Phase of General Elections-2024 at Serampore, in West Bengal on May 19, 2024.jpg, West Bengal on 19 May 2024.]]File:A senior citizen above 80 is casting his vote from home in Bhopal -02.jpg]]

• The Phase 1 voting was conducted on 19 April 2024.{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=2024 LS polls: First phase of voting underway for 102 seats across India |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/2024-ls-polls-first-phase-of-voting-underway-for-102-seats-across-india |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=Deccan Chronicle |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425122228/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/2024-ls-polls-first-phase-of-voting-underway-for-102-seats-across-india |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=16 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha Elections 2024: Arunachal Pradesh phase 1 voting underway. Here are the key candidates |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-2024-arunachal-pradesh-to-vote-in-phase-1-here-are-the-key-candidates-711894 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=WION |language=en-US |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427170553/https://www.wionews.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-2024-arunachal-pradesh-to-vote-in-phase-1-here-are-the-key-candidates-711894 |url-status=live}} Re-polling in 11 polling stations of Inner Manipur was held on 22 April due to violence.{{cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=Repolling underway at 11 polling stations in Inner Manipur Lok Sabha constituency |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/repolling-underway-at-11-polling-stations-in-inner-manipur-lok-sabha-constituency/3464333/ |access-date=22 April 2024 |website=Financialexpress |archive-date=22 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422061026/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/repolling-underway-at-11-polling-stations-in-inner-manipur-lok-sabha-constituency/3464333/ |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=Repolling at 11 polling stations in Inner Manipur Lok Sabha seat begins |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/manipur-repolling-updates-11-polling-stations-vote-again-in-inner-manipur-lok-sabha-elections-2024-2024-04-22-927367 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422061123/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/manipur-repolling-updates-11-polling-stations-vote-again-in-inner-manipur-lok-sabha-elections-2024-2024-04-22-927367 |archive-date=22 April 2024 |access-date=22 April 2024 |website=www.indiatvnews.com}} Re-polling was conducted for eight polling stations in Arunachal Pradesh on 24 April due to reports of violence and EVM damage.{{cite web |date=24 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha Election 2024: Repolling Underway Across Eight Polling Stations In Arunachal Pradesh |url=https://english.jagran.com/elections/lok-sabha-election-2024-repolling-underway-across-eight-polling-stations-in-arunachal-pradesh-10156101 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=English Jagran |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424021227/https://english.jagran.com/elections/lok-sabha-election-2024-repolling-underway-across-eight-polling-stations-in-arunachal-pradesh-10156101 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=24 April 2024 |title=Repoll underway in 8 polling stations of Arunachal Pradesh |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/elections/arunachal-assembly-election/video/repoll-underway-in-8-polling-stations-of-arunachal-pradesh-989301-2024-04-24 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=India Today NE |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427170501/https://www.indiatodayne.in/elections/arunachal-assembly-election/video/repoll-underway-in-8-polling-stations-of-arunachal-pradesh-989301-2024-04-24 |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 2 voting was conducted on 26 April 2024.{{cite web |date=26 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha elections Phase 2: Voting underway; Rahul Gandhi, Hema Malini in fray |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-2024-voting-underway-in-88-seats-in-phase-2-101714092295906.html |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=26 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426045441/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-2024-voting-underway-in-88-seats-in-phase-2-101714092295906.html |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=26 April 2024 |title=India election: Second phase of voting begins |url=https://www.dw.com/en/india-election-second-phase-of-voting-begins/a-68924660 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=Deutsche Welle |archive-date=26 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426190710/https://www.dw.com/en/india-election-second-phase-of-voting-begins/a-68924660 |url-status=live}} Re-polling was conducted on 29 April for a polling station in Chamarajanagar due to violence and EVM damage{{cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=Repolling held peacefully at one polling booth in Chamarajanagar LS segment in Karnataka |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bengaluru-news/repolling-held-peacefully-at-one-polling-booth-in-chamarajanagar-ls-segment-in-karnataka-101714451775343.html |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430140234/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bengaluru-news/repolling-held-peacefully-at-one-polling-booth-in-chamarajanagar-ls-segment-in-karnataka-101714451775343.html |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Repolling underway at one polling booth in Chamarajanagar LS segment in Karnataka |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/india/politics/repolling-underway-at-one-polling-booth-in-chamarajanagar-ls-segment-in-karnataka-19403741.htm/ |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=CNBCTV18 |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430140232/https://www.cnbctv18.com/india/politics/repolling-underway-at-one-polling-booth-in-chamarajanagar-ls-segment-in-karnataka-19403741.htm |url-status=live}} and for six polling stations in Outer Manipur on 30 April due to violence, EVM damage and forced voting allegedly carried out by unidentified armed individuals.{{cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=LS Polls 2024: Repolling underway in 6 polling stations of Outer Manipur seat |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/ls-polls-2024-repolling-underway-in-6-polling-stations-of-outer-manipur-seat/ |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=Northeast Live |language=en-US |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430142335/https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/ls-polls-2024-repolling-underway-in-6-polling-stations-of-outer-manipur-seat/ |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=Manipur Lok Sabha elections 2024: 81.16 per cent voter turnout recorded in repolling in Outer LS seat |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/elections/story/manipur-lok-sabha-elections-2024-8116-per-cent-voter-turnout-recorded-in-repolling-in-outer-ls-seat-995341-2024-04-30 |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=India Today NE |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430140248/https://www.indiatodayne.in/elections/story/manipur-lok-sabha-elections-2024-8116-per-cent-voter-turnout-recorded-in-repolling-in-outer-ls-seat-995341-2024-04-30 |url-status=live}} Re-polling was also conducted for a polling station in Ajmer on 2 May 2024, due to a misplaced voters' register.{{cite web |last=Sharma |first=Sheenu |date=2 May 2024 |title=Lok Sabha Elections 2024: Re-polling underway at Nandsi voting booth in Rajasthan's Ajmer |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/rajasthan/lok-sabha-elections-2024-ajmer-repolling-nandsi-voting-booth-rajasthan-753-voters-election-commission-masuda-vidhan-sabha-bjp-congress-latest-2024-05-02-929131 |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |archive-date=2 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502200659/https://www.indiatvnews.com/rajasthan/lok-sabha-elections-2024-ajmer-repolling-nandsi-voting-booth-rajasthan-753-voters-election-commission-masuda-vidhan-sabha-bjp-congress-latest-2024-05-02-929131 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=2 May 2024 |title=Repolling underway in one polling booth in Ajmer LS seat |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/repolling-underway-in-one-polling-booth-in-ajmer-ls-seat-1503296350.html |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=The Statesman |archive-date=2 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502133501/https://www.thestatesman.com/india/repolling-underway-in-one-polling-booth-in-ajmer-ls-seat-1503296350.html |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 3 voting was conducted on 7 May 2024. The voter turnout for the third phase of Lok Sabha elections reached 65.68%. In this phase, 17.24 crore ({{crore|17.24}}) citizens, comprising 8.85 crore ({{crore|8.85}}) men and 8.39 crore ({{crore|8.39}}) women, were eligible to cast their votes.{{cite news |date=11 May 2024 |title=Lok Sabha polls: Voter turnout in Phase 3 at 65.68%, says ECI |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-polls-voter-turnout-in-phase-3-at-6568-says-ec/article68165038.ece |access-date=12 May 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=11 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240511203712/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-polls-voter-turnout-in-phase-3-at-6568-says-ec/article68165038.ece |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 4 voting was conducted on 13 May 2024, in which 96 constituencies voted.{{cite web |last1=Siddiqui |first1=Usaid |last2=Asrar |first2=Nadim |date=13 May 2024 |title=India election 2024 updates: Modi, rivals fight Phase 4 of Lok Sabha vote |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/5/13/india-election-2024-live-news-fourth-phase-vote-in-lok-sabha-polls-begins |access-date=20 May 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |archive-date=20 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520184154/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/5/13/india-election-2024-live-news-fourth-phase-vote-in-lok-sabha-polls-begins |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 5 voting was conducted on 20 May 2024, in which 49 constituencies voted.{{cite news |date=20 May 2024 |title=India votes in fifth phase of election including in city where PM opened controversial Hindu temple |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-general-election-modi-bjp-eb3af801bcddc2e2ae05318df8dfe856 |access-date=20 May 2024 |publisher=Associated Press |language=en-US |archive-date=20 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520065713/https://apnews.com/article/india-general-election-modi-bjp-eb3af801bcddc2e2ae05318df8dfe856 |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 6 voting was conducted on 25 May 2024, in which 58 constituencies voted.{{cite web |title=India Lok Sabha election 2024 Phase 6: Who votes and what's at stake? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/24/india-lok-sabha-election-2024-phase-6-who-votes-and-whats-at-stake |access-date=25 May 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525050120/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/24/india-lok-sabha-election-2024-phase-6-who-votes-and-whats-at-stake |url-status=live}}
• The Phase 7 voting was conducted on 1 June 2024, in which 57 constituencies voted.{{cite web |title=India Lok Sabha election 2024 Phase 7: Who votes and what's at stake? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/31/india-lok-sabha-election-2024-phase-7-who-votes-and-whats-at-stake |access-date=1 June 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |archive-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601041159/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/31/india-lok-sabha-election-2024-phase-7-who-votes-and-whats-at-stake |url-status=live}} Repolling at one booth each in the Barasat and Mathurapur constituencies of West Bengal was held on 3 June, due to violence.{{cite web |date=2 June 2024 |title=EC orders repolling in two booths in West Bengal |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/ec-orders-repolling-booths-west-bengal-9368034/ |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602165144/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/ec-orders-repolling-booths-west-bengal-9368034/ |url-status=live}}

During Phase 1 of the election, violence broke out outside a polling station in Thamanpokpi in Manipur.{{cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Chaos In Manipur On Election Day: Voters Run For Cover Amid Gunfire, EVMs Set Ablaze |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/videos/chaos-in-manipur-on-election-day-voters-run-for-cover-amid-gunfire-evms-set-ablaze-watch-101713540702420.html |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420083643/https://www.hindustantimes.com/videos/chaos-in-manipur-on-election-day-voters-run-for-cover-amid-gunfire-evms-set-ablaze-watch-101713540702420.html |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha elections: Incidents of firing, clashes reported at polling booth in Imphal, one injured |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/amid-phase-one-lok-sabha-election-2024-polling-violence-erupts-in-manipur-latest-updates-2024-04-19-927019 |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |archive-date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420151046/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/amid-phase-one-lok-sabha-election-2024-polling-violence-erupts-in-manipur-latest-updates-2024-04-19-927019 |url-status=live}} Clashes between BJP and TMC party workers were reported in the Cooch Behar, Alipurduar and Jalpaiguri constituencies of West Bengal,{{cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Stone Pelting, Kidnapping & Offices Burnt Down: Poll Violence Mars Phase-1 Voting in Bengal as BJP, TMC Workers Clash |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/stone-pelting-kidnapping-offices-burnt-down-poll-violence-mars-phase-1-voting-in-bengal-as-bjp-tmc-workers-clash-8858078.html |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=News18 |archive-date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420151048/https://www.news18.com/elections/stone-pelting-kidnapping-offices-burnt-down-poll-violence-mars-phase-1-voting-in-bengal-as-bjp-tmc-workers-clash-8858078.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=20 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha Elections: Cooch Behar reports BJP-Trinamool clash |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/west-bengal/lok-sabha-elections-cooch-behar-reports-bjp-trinamool-clash/articleshow/109443645.cms?from=mdr |access-date=20 April 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420151048/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/west-bengal/lok-sabha-elections-cooch-behar-reports-bjp-trinamool-clash/articleshow/109443645.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }} and one Central Reserve Police Force (CPRF) personnel was found dead in a polling booth in Cooch Behar.{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=CRPF jawan found dead with head injury inside polling booth in West Bengal |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/crpf-jawan-found-dead-inside-polling-booth-in-west-bengal-mathabhanga-lok-sabha-election-2024-2529016-2024-04-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420221850/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/crpf-jawan-found-dead-inside-polling-booth-in-west-bengal-mathabhanga-lok-sabha-election-2024-2529016-2024-04-19 |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=India Today}}{{cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=West Bengal Lok Sabha Election 2024: CRPF Jawan Dies At Polling Booth In Coochbehar |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/west-bengal-lok-sabha-election-2024-crpf-jawan-dies-at-polling-booth-in-coochbehar |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=Free Press Journal |archive-date=21 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421161549/https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/west-bengal-lok-sabha-election-2024-crpf-jawan-dies-at-polling-booth-in-coochbehar |url-status=live}} In Chhattisgarh, one CRPF personnel was killed during polling.{{cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Clashes in Manipur and West Bengal, CRPF man killed in Chhattisgarh |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/gunfire-evm-damage-polling-agents-threatened-manipur-violence-elections-9279680/ |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419150840/https://indianexpress.com/elections/gunfire-evm-damage-polling-agents-threatened-manipur-violence-elections-9279680/ |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=19 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha election: CRPF jawan on poll duty killed in accidental explosion of grenade launcher shell in Chhattisgarh |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-election-crpf-jawan-on-poll-duty-killed-in-accidental-explosion-of-grenade-launcher-shell-in-chhattisgarh/article68083748.ece |access-date=20 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=20 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420151045/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/lok-sabha-election-crpf-jawan-on-poll-duty-killed-in-accidental-explosion-of-grenade-launcher-shell-in-chhattisgarh/article68083748.ece |url-status=live}} Clashes between VCK and BJP cadres were reported in Chidambaram constituency in Tamil Nadu, where two VCK cadres and one BJP cadre were injured.{{cite news |date=19 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha elections 2024: VCK, BJP cadres injured in clashes near Ariyalur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/lok-sabha-election-2024-vck-bjp-cadres-injured-in-clashes-near-ariyalur/articleshow/109438925.cms |access-date=22 April 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419141511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/lok-sabha-election-2024-vck-bjp-cadres-injured-in-clashes-near-ariyalur/articleshow/109438925.cms |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=19 April 2024 |title=VCK, BJP cadres clash; three injured |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/vck-bjp-cadres-clash-three-injured/article68083810.ece |access-date=22 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=22 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422154920/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/vck-bjp-cadres-clash-three-injured/article68083810.ece |url-status=live}}

During Phase 2 of voting, eight voters in Kerala died of heat stroke while voting.{{Cite web |date=26 April 2024 |title=LS polls in Kerala: 8 people collapsed to death in different parts of the state |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/four-people-collapsed-to-death-in-different-parts-of-the-state-1.9513822 |access-date=27 April 2024 |website=English.Mathrubhumi |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427170313/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/amp/news/kerala/four-people-collapsed-to-death-in-different-parts-of-the-state-1.9513822 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=Kerala sees delayed polls, low voter turnout amid scorching heat, 8 people die |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2024/Apr/27/kerala-sees-delayed-polls-low-voter-turnout-amid-scorching-heat-8-people-die |access-date=27 April 2024 |website=The New Indian Express |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427170309/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2024/Apr/27/kerala-sees-delayed-polls-low-voter-turnout-amid-scorching-heat-8-people-die |url-status=live}} In Manipur, two CPRF personnel were killed and two more were seriously injured in a militant attack in Bishnupur district,{{cite web |date=28 April 2024 |title=2 CRPF personnel killed in militant attack in Manipur |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/2-crpf-personnel-killed-in-militant-attack-in-manipur-101714243328651.html |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428071235/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/2-crpf-personnel-killed-in-militant-attack-in-manipur-101714243328651.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=27 April 2024 |title=Elections 2024 Phase 2 voting: Two CRPF personnel killed in militant attack in Manipur's Bishnupur district |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/two-crpf-personnel-killed-in-militant-attack-in-manipurs-bishnupur-district/article68113117.ece |access-date=28 April 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428200546/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/two-crpf-personnel-killed-in-militant-attack-in-manipurs-bishnupur-district/article68113117.ece |url-status=live}} a man was killed in a gunfight between two unidentified groups in the Kangpokpi and Imphal East districts,{{cite web |title=Lok Sabha Elections 2024: Manipur Witnesses Violence During Phase 2 Polling |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/lok-sabha-elections-2024-manipur-witnesses-violence-during-phase-2-polling |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=Free Press Journal |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428200553/https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/lok-sabha-elections-2024-manipur-witnesses-violence-during-phase-2-polling |url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=Violence again in Manipur: Two CRPF personnel killed in militant attack, one dead in gunfight |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Apr/27/2-crpf-personnel-killed-in-manipurs-naransena-in-an-attack-by-militants |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=The New Indian Express |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428200548/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Apr/27/2-crpf-personnel-killed-in-manipurs-naransena-in-an-attack-by-militants |url-status=live}} and incidents of EVM vandalism, voter intimidation and coercion were reported in two polling stations in Ukhrul.{{cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=EVMs vandalised at 2 Manipur polling stations, Congress seeks re-poll |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/story/manipur-lok-sabha-elections-evms-vandalised-polling-stations-congress-re-election-violence-2532273-2024-04-27 |access-date=28 April 2024 |website=India Today |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428043745/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/story/manipur-lok-sabha-elections-evms-vandalised-polling-stations-congress-re-election-violence-2532273-2024-04-27 |url-status=live}}{{cite news |date=27 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha Elections 2024: EVM destroyed in Manipur, voters coerced to vote for NPF |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/manipur/lok-sabha-elections-2024-evm-destroyed-in-manipur-voters-coerced-to-vote-for-npf/articleshow/109633248.cms?from=mdr |access-date=28 April 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426185224/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/manipur/lok-sabha-elections-2024-evm-destroyed-in-manipur-voters-coerced-to-vote-for-npf/articleshow/109633248.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}

A complaint letter by the Samvidhan Bacchao Nagrik Abhiyan (Save the Constitution Citizens' Campaign) organisation to the Election Commission of India, signed by over 17,400 people, alleged that Modi had violated the Model Code of Conduct and the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by making a speech "aiming at not only appealing to 'communal feelings' but also instigating and aggravating hatred in the Hindus against Muslims".{{Cite web |title=Over 17,400 citizens write to Election Commission Seek Action against PM Modi Infiltrators Remark |url=https://www.india.com/news/over-17400-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seek-action-against-pm-modis-infiltrators-remark-6881114/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425071507/https://www.india.com/news/over-17400-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seek-action-against-pm-modis-infiltrators-remark-6881114/ |archive-date=25 April 2024 |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=www.india.com}}{{cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=Over 17,400 citizens write to EC seeking action against PM Narendra Modi for hate speech |url=https://scroll.in/latest/1066924/2200-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seeking-action-against-pm-narendra-modi-for-hate-speech |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423123804/https://scroll.in/latest/1066924/2200-citizens-write-to-election-commission-seeking-action-against-pm-narendra-modi-for-hate-speech |archive-date=23 April 2024 |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}

During Phase 6 of voting, Mehbooba Mufti, who is contesting the Anantnag–Rajouri constituency in Jammu and Kashmir for the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party, said several of her party workers were detained by police to prevent them from voting. In West Bengal, TMC workers blocked the car of BJP candidate Agnimitra Paul while she was on her way to vote in the Medinipur constituency.{{cite news |date=25 May 2024 |title=Millions vote in India's grueling election with Prime Minister Modi's party likely to win a 3rd term |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-national-election-voting-closing-phases-540927f81662ec429a3957235a5635cd |access-date=28 April 2024 |work=Associated Press |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525124312/https://apnews.com/article/india-national-election-voting-closing-phases-540927f81662ec429a3957235a5635cd |url-status=live }} Prashant Jagdev, the BJP candidate for the 2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election in Begunia, was arrested on suspicion of vandalising an EVM.{{cite web |title=LS polls: BJP candidate arrested for allegedly vandalising EVM in Odisha |website=Business Standard |date=26 May 2024 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/elections/assembly-election/ls-polls-bjp-candidate-arrested-for-allegedly-vandalising-evm-in-odisha-124052600200_1.html |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=21 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721063520/https://www.business-standard.com/elections/assembly-election/ls-polls-bjp-candidate-arrested-for-allegedly-vandalising-evm-in-odisha-124052600200_1.html |url-status=live }}

During Phase 7 of voting, a mob looted election material from a polling booth and dumped it into a pond in Kultali, Jaynagar in West Bengal. Clashes erupted between BJP and TMC supporters in Sandeshkhali.{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Shiv Sahay |date=1 June 2024 |title=Phase 7 polls: Mob loots reserve EVMs, throws VVPAT machine in pond in West Bengal |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/phase-7-polls-west-bengal-violence-june-1-2024/article68238692.ece |access-date=1 June 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601103718/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/phase-7-polls-west-bengal-violence-june-1-2024/article68238692.ece |url-status=live}} In Uttar Pradesh, at least 33 election workers, including security and sanitation staff, died of heat stroke, along with a voter waiting in line in Ballia.{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/33-up-poll-workers-die-due-to-heatstroke-during-final-phase-of-elections-5797495 |title=33 UP Poll Workers Die From Heatstroke During Final Phase Of Elections |publisher=NDTV |date=2 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603154122/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/33-up-poll-workers-die-due-to-heatstroke-during-final-phase-of-elections-5797495 |url-status=live }} State election officials subsequently stated that compensation of 1.5 million rupees ($18,000) would be given to the families of the deceased workers.{{Cite news |date=2 June 2024 |title=Heatstroke kills 33 polling agents on final voting day as India battles record temperatures |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240602-heatstroke-kills-33-polling-agents-on-final-voting-day-as-india-battles-record-temperatures |access-date=2 June 2024 |work=France 24 |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602083023/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240602-heatstroke-kills-33-polling-agents-on-final-voting-day-as-india-battles-record-temperatures |url-status=live }} At least ten election related deaths were also reported in Bihar that day.{{Cite news |date=2 June 2024 |title=Heatstroke kills 33 polling staff in a state on last day of India election |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/2/heatstroke-kills-33-polling-staff-in-a-state-on-last-day-of-india-election |access-date=2 June 2024 |work=Al Jazeera |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602073443/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/2/heatstroke-kills-33-polling-staff-in-a-state-on-last-day-of-india-election |url-status=live }} In response to the ongoing heatwave, ECI chief Rajiv Kumar said they had learned a lesson and "should have completed the election at least one month before".{{cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=India begins vote count in world's biggest election with Modi poised to win third term |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240604-india-begins-vote-count-world-biggest-election-narendra-modi-poised-win-third-term |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=France 24 |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620024518/https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20240604-india-begins-vote-count-world-biggest-election-narendra-modi-poised-win-third-term |url-status=live }}

Instances of EVM malfunctioning and removal of candidates belonging to the opposition were reported throughout the elections.{{cite web |title=Balrampur News: ईवीएम खराब होने व सूची से नाम कटने की खूब आईं शिकायतें |website=Amar Ujala |date=26 May 2024 |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/balrampur/there-were-many-complaints-about-evm-malfunctioning-and-names-being-removed-from-the-list-balrampur-news-c-99-1-brp1003-109985-2024-05-26 |language=hi |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528053101/https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/balrampur/there-were-many-complaints-about-evm-malfunctioning-and-names-being-removed-from-the-list-balrampur-news-c-99-1-brp1003-109985-2024-05-26 |url-status=live}} On 18 April, the Supreme Court asked the ECI to look into reported EVM malfunctioning in Kerala. 150 EVMs were replaced in Assam after reported malfunctioning.{{cite web |title=150 'complete EVM sets' replaced in Assam: official |website=The New Indian Express |date=19 April 2024 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Apr/19/150-complete-evm-sets-replaced-in-assam-official |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=29 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429163749/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Apr/19/150-complete-evm-sets-replaced-in-assam-official |url-status=live}} In Varanasi, about 33 nominations challenging Narendra Modi were rejected, of which eight applicants claimed that the process was rigged in favour of the BJP.

On 4 June, former Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel said there was a discrepancy in EVM numbers while former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav accused the administration of carrying out arrests of his party workers in order to stop them from counting votes.{{cite web |title=Baghel alleges discrepancy in EVM numbers; Akhilesh says Opposition workers being detained |website=The Indian Express |date=4 June 2024 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/baghel-alleges-discrepancy-in-evm-numbers-akhilesh-says-opposition-workers-being-detained-9370308/ |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605030623/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/baghel-alleges-discrepancy-in-evm-numbers-akhilesh-says-opposition-workers-being-detained-9370308/ |url-status=live}}

642 million people voted in the election including 312 million women voters, making it the highest ever participation in a single election.

{{Table alignment}}

{{Main|Results of the 2024 Indian general election}}

{{wide image|2024 Indian General Election.svg|600x600px|Map displaying constituencies won by alliance}}

{{Pie chart

| thumb = right

|caption=Seat share of parties in the election|other=yes

|value1=44.20|label1=BJP|color1={{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}

|value2=18.24|label2=INC|color2={{party color|Indian National Congress}}

|value3=6.82|label3=SP|color3={{party color|Samajwadi Party}}

|value4=5.35|label4=AITC|color4={{party color|Trinamool Congress}}

|value5=4.06|label5=DMK|color5={{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}

|value6=2.21|label6=TDP|color6={{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}

|value7=2.95|label7=JD(U)|color7={{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}

|value8=1.66|label8=SS(UBT)|color8={{party color|Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)}}

|value9=1.48|label9=NCP(SP)|color9={{party color|Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)}}

|value10=1.29|label10=SHS|color10={{party color|Shiv Sena}}

|other-color={{Party color|Other}}

}}

{{Pie chart

| thumb = right

|caption=Vote share of parties in the election|other=yes

|value1=36.56|label1=BJP|color1={{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}

|value2=21.96|label2=INC|color2={{party color|Indian National Congress}}

|value3=4.58|label3=SP|color3={{party color|Samajwadi Party}}

|value4=4.37|label4=AITC|color4={{party color|Trinamool Congress}}

|value5=2.06|label5=YSRCP|color5={{party color|YSR Congress Party}}

|value6=2.04|label6=BSP|color6={{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}

|value7=1.98|label7=TDP|color7={{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}

|value8=1.82|label8=DMK|color8={{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}

|value9=1.76|label9=CPI(M)|color9={{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}

|value10=1.57|label10=RJD|color10={{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}

|other-color={{Party color|Other}}

}}

Following the first round, the BJP won its first seat after Mukesh Dalal, its candidate for Surat constituency in Gujarat, was elected unopposed following rejection and withdrawal of other candidates.{{Cite news |date=22 April 2024 |title=Lok Sabha elections: BJP gets first seat, Surat candidate wins unopposed |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-bjp-gets-first-seat-surat-candidate-wins-unopposed-101713779891163.html |access-date=25 April 2024 |work=The Hindustan Times |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425071735/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-bjp-gets-first-seat-surat-candidate-wins-unopposed-101713779891163.html |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=BJP Candidate In Gujarat's Surat Wins Unopposed After Congress Pick Rejected, Others Withdraw Nomination |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/bjp-surat-candidate-mukesh-dalal-gujarat-win-unopposed-congress-rejected-lok-sabha-election-2024-8861803.html |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=News18 |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425073722/https://www.news18.com/elections/bjp-surat-candidate-mukesh-dalal-gujarat-win-unopposed-congress-rejected-lok-sabha-election-2024-8861803.html |url-status=live}} No voting was held in the constituency, as the ECI had certified the results two weeks prior due to the absence of rival candidates.{{Cite web |date=9 May 2024 |title='My vote snatched': How to win India's election without a single vote |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/9/my-vote-snatched-in-india-mystery-candidate-withdrawals-cloud-election |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510212427/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/9/my-vote-snatched-in-india-mystery-candidate-withdrawals-cloud-election |url-status=live}}

The overall election result was described in several media sources as a "shock" to Narendra Modi,{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Namita |date=4 June 2024 |title=India election results 2024 live: Shock for Modi as ruling BJP set to fall short of outright majority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/india-election-results-2024-modi-congress-bjp-counting-b2556305.html |access-date=4 June 2024 |work=The Independent |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604142717/https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/india-election-results-2024-modi-congress-bjp-counting-b2556305.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=A shock election result in India humbles Narendra Modi |url=https://www.economist.com/asia/2024/06/04/a-shock-election-result-in-india-humbles-narendra-modi |access-date=4 June 2024 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604213850/https://www.economist.com/asia/2024/06/04/a-shock-election-result-in-india-humbles-narendra-modi |url-status=live}} with the BJP falling short of its expectations of winning 400 seats.{{cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=BJP's '400 paar' dream lies shattered: What could have gone wrong? |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjps-400-paar-dream-lies-shattered-what-could-have-gone-wrong/articleshow/110695170.cms?from=mdr |access-date=4 June 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604213408/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/bjps-400-paar-dream-lies-shattered-what-could-have-gone-wrong/articleshow/110695170.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}} Though pre-poll predictions were for an overwhelming majority for the BJP, the INDIA bloc performed much better than exit polls had predicted it to,{{cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Did exit polls get it wrong? How INDI Alliance is defying predictions |url=https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/lok-sabha-election-results-2024-india-alliance-performance-exit-polls-13778443.html |access-date=4 June 2024 |website=Firstpost |language=en-US |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604085814/https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/lok-sabha-election-results-2024-india-alliance-performance-exit-polls-13778443.html |url-status=live}} with upset victories in major states such as Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal.{{cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=INDI Alliance shows big gains in country's biggest states: UP, Maharashtra. How? |url=https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/lok-sabha-election-results-2024-indi-alliance-defies-exit-polls-to-show-big-gains-in-countrys-biggest-states-uttar-pradesh-and-maharashtra-how-13778473.html |access-date=4 June 2024 |website=Firstpost |language=en-US |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604213409/https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/lok-sabha-election-results-2024-indi-alliance-defies-exit-polls-to-show-big-gains-in-countrys-biggest-states-uttar-pradesh-and-maharashtra-how-13778473.html |url-status=live}} The BJP had to rely on the 28 cumulative seats won by the Andhra Pradesh-based Telugu Desam Party led by Chandrababu Naidu and the Bihar-based Janata Dal (United) led by Nitish Kumar in order for the NDA to retain its majority in the Lok Sabha.{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/kingmakers-who-are-chandrababu-naidu-and-nitish-kumar-why-do-they-matter-seats-won-by-jdu-and-tdp/why-do-naidu-and-nitish-matter/slideshow/110729246.cms|title=Kingmakers: Who are Chandrababu Naidu and Nitish Kumar? Why do they matter? Seats won by JD(U) and TDP|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608180315/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/defaultinterstitial.cms|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://thewire.in/politics/india-alliance-nda-coalition-partners-must-push-for-restoring-independence-of-institutions|title=INDIA Alliance & NDA Coalition Partners Must Push For Restoring Independence of Institutions|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608180259/https://thewire.in/politics/india-alliance-nda-coalition-partners-must-push-for-restoring-independence-of-institutions|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/hint-at-bid-by-five-bjp-mps-to-join-tmc-ahead-of-swearing-in-ceremony-for-18th-lok-sabha/cid/2025437|title=Hint at bid by five BJP MPs to join TMC ahead of swearing-in ceremony for 18th Lok Sabha|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608065251/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/hint-at-bid-by-five-bjp-mps-to-join-tmc-ahead-of-swearing-in-ceremony-for-18th-lok-sabha/cid/2025437|url-status=live}}

{{Election results

|image=File:18th Lok Sabha.svg

|alliance1=NDA|aspan1=27

|party1=Bharatiya Janata Party{{cite web |publisher=Election Commission of India |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results – Winning Candidate (Bharatiya Janata Party) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/partywisewinresultState-369.htm |access-date=10 June 2024 |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610095657/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/partywisewinresultState-369.htm |archive-date=10 June 2024}}|votes1=235974144|seats1=240|sc1= –63

|party2=Telugu Desam Party|votes2=12775270|seats2=16|sc2=+13

|party3=Janata Dal (United)|votes3=8039663|seats3=12|sc3= –4

|party4=Shiv Sena|votes4=7401447|seats4=7|sc4= –11

|party5=Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)|votes5=2810250|seats5=5|sc5=+5

|party6=Janata Dal (Secular)|votes6=2173701|seats6=2|sc6=+1

|party7=Jana Sena Party|votes7=1454138|seats7=2|sc7=+2

|party8=Rashtriya Lok Dal|votes8=893460|seats8=2|sc8=+2

|party9=All Jharkhand Students Union|votes9= 458677|seats9=1|sc9=0

|party10=Nationalist Congress Party|votes10=2059179|seats10=1|sc10= –4

|party11=United People's Party Liberal|votes11=488995|seats11=1|sc11=+1

|party12=Sikkim Krantikari Morcha|votes12=164396|seats12=1|sc12=+1

|party13=Apna Dal (Soneylal)|votes13=808245|seats13=1|sc13= –1

|party14=Asom Gana Parishad|votes14=1298707|seats14=1|sc14=+1

|party15=Hindustani Awam Morcha|votes15=494960|seats15=1|sc15=+1

|party16=Pattali Makkal Katchi|votes16=1879689|seats16=0|sc16=0

|party17=Bharath Dharma Jana Sena|votes17=505753|seats17=0|sc17=0

|party18=Tamil Maanila Congress|votes18=410401|seats18=0|sc18=0

|party19=Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazhagam|votes19=521787|seats19=0|sc19=0

|party20=National People's Party|votes20=417930|seats20=0|sc20= –1

|party21=Naga People's Front|votes21=299536|seats21=0|sc21= –1

|party22=Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|votes22=350967|seats22=0|sc22= –1

|party23=Rashtriya Lok Morcha|votes23=253876|seats23=0|sc23=0

|party24=Rashtriya Samaj Paksha|votes24=467282|seats24=0|sc24=0

|party25=Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party|votes25=340188|seats25=0|sc25=0

|party26=Independents|votes26=342882|seats26=0|sc26= –1

|atotalnv27=y|avotes27=283,085,523|aseats27=293|sc27= –60

|alliance28=INDIA|aspan28=26

|party28=Indian National Congress|votes28=136759064|seats28=99|sc28=+47

|party29=Samajwadi Party|votes29=29549381|seats29=37|sc29=+32

|party30=All India Trinamool Congress|votes30=28213393|seats30=29|sc30=+7

|party31=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes31=11754710|seats31=22|sc31=–2

|party32=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|votes32=11342553|seats32=4|sc32=+1

|party33=Rashtriya Janata Dal|votes33=10107402|seats33=4|sc33=+4

|party34=Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)|votes34=9567779|seats34=9|sc34=+9

|party35=Aam Aadmi Party|votes35=7147800|seats35=3|sc35=+2

|party36=Nationalist Congress Party - Sharadchandra Pawar|votes36=5921162|seats36=8|sc36=+8

|party37=Communist Party of India|votes37=3157184|seats37=2|sc37=0

|party38=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|votes38=2652955|seats38=3|sc38=+2

|party39=Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|votes39=1736771|seats39=2|sc39=+2

|party40=Indian Union Muslim League|votes40=1716186|seats40=3|sc40=0

|party41=Jammu and Kashmir National Conference|votes41=1147041|seats41=2|sc41=–1

|party42=Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi|votes42=990237|seats42=2|sc42=+1

|party43=Bharat Adivasi Party|votes43=1257056|seats43=1|sc43=+1

|party44=Kerala Congress|votes44=364631|seats44=1|sc44=0

|party45=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes45=542213|seats45=1|sc45=+1

|party46=Rashtriya Loktantrik Party|votes46=596955|seats46=1|sc46=0

|party47=Revolutionary Socialist Party|votes47=587363|seats47=1|sc47=0

|party48=All India Forward Bloc|votes48=289941|seats48=0|sc48=0

|party49=Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|votes49=435980|seats49=0|sc49=0

|party50=Vikassheel Insaan Party|votes50=1187455|seats50=0|sc50=0

|party51=Assam Jatiya Parishad|votes51=414441|seats51=0|sc51=0

|party52=Kerala Congress (Mani)|votes52=277365|seats52=0|sc52=0

|atotalnv54=283085308|aseats54=234|sc54=+143

|alliance55=YSR Congress Party|votes55=13316039|seats55=4|sc55= –18

|alliance56=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes56=1814318|seats56=1|sc56= –1

|alliance57=All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|votes57=1400215|seats57=1|sc57= –1

|alliance58=Zoram People's Movement|votes58=208552|seats58=1|sc58= +1

|alliance59=Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)|votes59=691820|seats59=1|sc59=+1

|alliance60=Voice of the People Party|votes60=571078|seats60=1|sc60=+1

|alliance61=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes61=8952587|seats61=0|sc61= –1

|alliance62=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes62=13153818|seats62=0|sc62= –10

|alliance63=Karnataka Rashtra Samithi|votes63=51529|seats63=0|sc63=0

|alliance64=Biju Janata Dal|votes64=9413379|seats64=0|sc64= –12

|alliance65=Uttama Prajaakeeya Party|votes65=40491|seats65=0|sc65=0

|alliance66=Bharat Rashtra Samithi|votes66=3657237|seats66=0|sc66= –9

|alliance67=Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)|votes67=521749|seats67=0|sc67=0

|alliance68=Indian National Lok Dal|votes68=226975|seats68=0|sc68=0

|alliance69=Jannayak Janta Party|votes69=113827|seats69=0|sc69=0

|alliance70=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam|votes70=1128616|seats70=0|sc70=0

|alliance71=Gondwana Ganatantra Party|votes71=|seats71=0|sc71=0

|alliance72=All India United Democratic Front|votes72=625954|seats72=0|sc72= –1

|alliance73=Revolutionary Goans Party|votes73=64578|seats73=0|sc73=0

|alliance74=Sikkim Democratic Front|votes74=77171|seats74=0|sc74=0

|alliance75=Bodoland People's Front|votes75=777570|seats75=0|sc75=0

|alliance76=Mizo National Front|votes76=140264|seats76=0|sc76= –1

|alliance77=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)|votes77=44563|seats77=0|sc77=0

|alliance78=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party (Bhim)|votes78=23268|seats78=0|sc78=0

|alliance79=Other parties|votes79=|seats79=0|sc79= –2

|alliance80=Independents|votes80=|seats80=7|sc80= –1

|row81=None of the above|votes81=6372220

|valid=638934799

|invalid=6428646

|electorate=968821926

|total_sc=0

|source=[https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/index.htm ECI]

}}

{{Table alignment}}

{{Table alignment}}

{{See also|Third Modi ministry}}

Narendra Modi called the NDA's lead "a historical feat in India's history", while Congress party president Mallikarjun Kharge said the election was a "moral and political loss" for Modi and a "win for democracy" and the public.{{Cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=Modi expected to get 3rd term but partial India count suggests narrower win that represents setback |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-election-results-2024-lok-sabha-modi-bjp-7893efecc83fa8225a611f174e6420ee |access-date=4 June 2024 |work=Associated Press |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604170621/https://apnews.com/article/india-election-results-2024-lok-sabha-modi-bjp-7893efecc83fa8225a611f174e6420ee |url-status=live}} In a speech to his supporters on 4 June, Modi said that the NDA would form a third consecutive government.{{cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=Modi claims victory for his alliance in India's general election |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-election-results-2024-lok-sabha-modi-bjp-7893efecc83fa8225a611f174e6420ee |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=Associated Press |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604170621/https://apnews.com/article/india-election-results-2024-lok-sabha-modi-bjp-7893efecc83fa8225a611f174e6420ee |url-status=live}} Following a meeting with other members of the NDA on 5 June, Modi was formally endorsed to become prime minister again.{{cite news |date=5 June 2024 |title=Allies back Modi for third term after election setback |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4nnj56v02vo |access-date=5 June 2024 |publisher=BBC News |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605150554/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4nnj56v02vo |url-status=live}} On 7 June, he was selected as leader of the NDA{{cite news |date=7 June 2024 |title=India's Modi elected as leader of coalition and set to form new government |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-bjp-nda-lok-sabha-election-parliament-bf7dfcb6149c127892d5201f147fad3a |access-date=7 June 2024 |work=Associated Press |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607154357/https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-bjp-nda-lok-sabha-election-parliament-bf7dfcb6149c127892d5201f147fad3a |url-status=live}} and was inaugurated as prime minister on 9 June.{{cite news |date=9 June 2024 |title=Narendra Modi sworn in for third term after narrow win |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggnm7r75yo |access-date=9 June 2024 |publisher=BBC News |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609141931/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggnm7r75yo |url-status=live}} On 10 June, Modi unveiled his 71-member cabinet, of which the BJP took 61 portfolios, including foreign affairs, home affairs, finance and defence, while the Telugu Desam Party and Janata Dal (United) took two ministries each, with the rest going to other members of the NDA.{{cite news |date=11 June 2024 |title=Indian PM Modi names Cabinet for coalition government after his party lost majority |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-cabinet-nda-bjp-election-a607a3ac480c2ccc24c79cbde43fb61f |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=Associated Press |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611105743/https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-cabinet-nda-bjp-election-a607a3ac480c2ccc24c79cbde43fb61f |url-status=live}} The BJP's Om Birla was reelected for a second term as Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 June.{{Cite news |date=26 June 2024 |title=Om Birla elected Lok Sabha speaker for second term |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/om-birla-elected-lok-sabha-speaker-for-second-term/article68335044.ece |access-date=26 June 2024 |work=The Hindu |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240626205148/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/om-birla-elected-lok-sabha-speaker-for-second-term/article68335044.ece |url-status=live }}

Independent MPs from Sangli and Purnia Vishal Patil and Pappu Yadav, both of whom are primary members of the Congress party, extended their support to it after the election, effectively increasing the opposition alliance's tally to 236.{{cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=After causing upset in Sangli seat, Vishal Patil rushes to Delhi, seeks to become Cong associate MP |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/independent-mp-vishal-patil-meets-rahul-gandhi-extends-support-to-congress-9376555/ |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607034053/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/independent-mp-vishal-patil-meets-rahul-gandhi-extends-support-to-congress-9376555/ |url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=Independent Lok Sabha MP from Maharashtra Vishal Patil extends support to Congress |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/independent-lok-sabha-mp-vishal-patil-extends-support-to-congress/articleshow/110773834.cms |access-date=7 June 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607082857/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/independent-lok-sabha-mp-vishal-patil-extends-support-to-congress/amp_articleshow/110773834.cms |url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=Congress May Hit 100 In Lok Sabha With Maharashtra Rebel's Return |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/congress-may-hit-100-in-lok-sabha-with-maharashtra-rebel-vishal-patils-return-5836936 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607093917/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/congress-may-hit-100-in-lok-sabha-with-maharashtra-rebel-vishal-patils-return-5836936 |url-status=live}} On 8 June, the leadership of the Congress Party unanimously nominated Rahul Gandhi to become Leader of the Opposition, a position which had been vacant since 2014.{{cite news |date=8 June 2024 |title=India's Rahul Gandhi nominated as opposition leader after election gains |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/8/indias-rahul-gandhi-nominated-as-opposition-leader-after-election-gains |access-date=9 June 2024 |work=Al Jazeera |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609010627/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/8/indias-rahul-gandhi-nominated-as-opposition-leader-after-election-gains |url-status=live}} He formally assumed the post on 25 June.{{cite news |date=26 June 2024 |title=Rahul Gandhi's big test as India's opposition leader |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clmmy1pedepo |access-date=26 June 2024 |publisher=BBC News |archive-date=7 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807185407/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clmmy1pedepo |url-status=live }}

Leaders and officials of Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, China, Comoros, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Eswatini, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Latvia, Lithuania, the Maldives, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Moldova, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, the Philippines, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Serbia, Singapore, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor Leste, Uganda, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, Vietnam, Yemen and Zambia congratulated Modi on the victory.{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/modi-election-results-meloni-putin-netanyahu-b2557060.html |title=World leaders slow to congratulate Modi after unexpectedly close India election |first=Shweta |last=Sharma |newspaper=The Independent |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606020110/https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/modi-election-results-meloni-putin-netanyahu-b2557060.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Raul |first1=Dancel |title=PM Lawrence Wong, other world leaders congratulate India's Modi for 'historic' win |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/pm-lawrence-wong-other-world-leaders-congratulate-india-s-modi-for-historic-win |newspaper=The Straits Times |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605070723/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/pm-lawrence-wong-other-world-leaders-congratulate-india-s-modi-for-historic-win |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Election Results 2024: Italian PM Meloni, other world leaders congratulate PM Modi on third term |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lok-sabha-results-2024-world-leaders-congratulate-pm-modi-on-third-term/article68253892.ece |work=The Hindu |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606013314/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lok-sabha-results-2024-world-leaders-congratulate-pm-modi-on-third-term/article68253892.ece |url-status=live }}{{cite web |last1=Bajo |first1=Anna Felicia |title=Marcos congratulates Narendra Modi for historic win |date=6 June 2024 |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/909210/marcos-congratulates-narendra-modi-for-historic-win/story/ |publisher=GMA News |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606045943/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/909210/marcos-congratulates-narendra-modi-for-historic-win/story/ |url-status=live }}{{bulleted list|Barbados: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/miaamormottley/status/179808485796657153 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611105859/https://x.com/miaamormottley/status/179808485796657153 |url-status=live }}

|Bhutan: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/tsheringtobgay/status/1798002980790415451 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611105857/https://x.com/tsheringtobgay/status/1798002980790415451 |url-status=live }}

|Italy: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/GiorgiaMeloni/status/1798065061325578370 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611105940/https://x.com/GiorgiaMeloni/status/1798065061325578370 |url-status=live }}

|Maldives: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/MMuizzu/status/1798056084147700110 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605052530/https://x.com/MMuizzu/status/1798056084147700110 |url-status=live }}

|Mauritius: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/KumarJugnauth/status/1798002513964363996 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605043918/https://x.com/KumarJugnauth/status/1798002513964363996 |url-status=live }}

|Nepal: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/cmprachanda/status/1798008853927456833 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604221415/https://x.com/cmprachanda/status/1798008853927456833 |url-status=live }}

|Singapore: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/LawrenceWongST/status/1798204297802608655 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605065532/https://x.com/LawrenceWongST/status/1798204297802608655 |url-status=live }}

|Sri Lanka: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/RW_UNP/status/1798019368674275413 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605010450/https://x.com/RW_UNP/status/1798019368674275413 |url-status=live }}

|PM Modi: {{cite web |title=x.com |url=https://x.com/narendramodi |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606203818/https://x.com/narendramodi |url-status=live }}

}}{{cite web|url=https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202406050020|title=President Lai congratulates Modi on his reelection as India's Prime Minister|newspaper=Focus Taiwan|date=5 June 2024|first1=Wen|last1=Kuei-Hsiang|first2=Frances|last2=Huang|access-date=5 June 2024|archive-date=5 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605144537/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202406050020|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnam-congratulates-india-over-success-of-lower-house-election-post288192.vnp|title=Vietnam congratulates India over success of lower house election|newspaper=Vietnam+|date=6 June 2024|access-date=6 June 2024|archive-date=6 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606140639/https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnam-congratulates-india-over-success-of-lower-house-election-post288192.vnp|url-status=live}}{{cite web | url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/pakistan-congratulates-people-of-india-shehbaz-sharif-led-party-hopes-for-peace-between-two-nations-2024-06-04-935214 | title='Pakistan congratulates people of India': Shehbaz Sharif-led party hopes for peace between two nations | date=4 June 2024 | access-date=9 June 2024 | archive-date=7 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607221518/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/pakistan-congratulates-people-of-india-shehbaz-sharif-led-party-hopes-for-peace-between-two-nations-2024-06-04-935214 | url-status=live }}

The benchmark BSE Sensex and Nifty50 indices hit intraday record highs and the Indian rupee strengthened after the exit polls were released. However, on the day results were announced, Indian stock markets crashed.{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/business/story/stock-market-live-sensex-nifty-dalal-street-lok-sabha-elections-2024-results-counting-2548706-2024-06-04 |title=Stock Market updates: Worst crash on Dalal Street in 4 years as NDA falls short of '400 paar' |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604093801/https://www.indiatoday.in/business/story/stock-market-live-sensex-nifty-dalal-street-lok-sabha-elections-2024-results-counting-2548706-2024-06-04 |url-status=live}} Rahul Gandhi subsequently called for an investigation, saying that Modi, Amit Shah and finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman had misled investors into buying stocks before the release of the election results on 4 June in anticipation of a landslide victory by the BJP.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cekkddndldeo |title=India opposition accuses Modi of 'stock market scam' |date=7 June 2024 |access-date=7 June 2024 |publisher=BBC News |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607080807/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cekkddndldeo |url-status=live}}

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