Recognition of same-sex unions in Vietnam

Homosexuality and same-sex unions have never been criminalized in Vietnam.{{cite web|url=https://www.utopia-asia.com/vietlaw.htm|title=On the Legality of Homosexuality in Vietnam...|date=2000|website=The VN-GBLF E-Mail Forum|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-15|archive-date=2019-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610172126/https://www.utopia-asia.com/vietlaw.htm}} Same-sex marriage was not mentioned in law following colonization by the French. Likewise, the Civil Code of South Vietnam, adopted in 1972, and the Law on Marriage and Family 1959 of North Vietnam, did not explicitly address the issue.{{cite web|url=https://phapluatdansu.edu.vn/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/B%E1%BB%98-D%C3%82N-LU%E1%BA%ACT-N%C4%82M-1972-2.pdf|title=Bộ Dân luật năm 1972|website=Nam Việt Nam|language=vi|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-15|archive-date=2024-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716175043/https://phapluatdansu.edu.vn/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/B%E1%BB%98-D%C3%82N-LU%E1%BA%ACT-N%C4%82M-1972-2.pdf}}{{cite web|url=https://moj.gov.vn/vbpq/lists/vn%20bn%20php%20lut/view_detail.aspx?itemid=888|title=Luật Hôn nhân và Gia đình 1959|website=Quốc hội Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa khóa I|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-15|archive-date=2023-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131175311/https://moj.gov.vn/vbpq/Lists/Vn%20bn%20php%20lut/View_Detail.aspx?ItemID=888}} Following reunification, the Law on Marriage and Family became applicable throughout the country.

Attempts to hold unofficial same-sex marriages in the late 1990s were met with mixed reactions from the government. A male couple held a ceremony in Ho Chi Minh City in 1997. The wedding party took place in a hotel with about 100 guests. One official said "it should be publicly condemned", but the police said there was no legal framework under which the two men could be charged. Another attempt in 1998 by a lesbian couple in the province of Vĩnh Long, however, was officially sanctioned. The Ministry of Justice later intervened and ordered the annulment of the union, stating it was "illegal and runs counter to the morals and traditional customs of the Vietnamese nation". A law was passed three months later officially banning same-sex unions in Vietnam.{{cite web|url=https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/the-new-revolution-in-socialism-lgbtq-rights-in-vietnam-and-cuba/|title=The revolution in socialism: LGBTQ rights in Vietnam and Cuba|work=People's World|date=22 June 2018}} Previous laws against all forms of cohabitation were repealed by a new marriage law approved by the National Assembly in 2000,{{cite web|url=https://vanbanphapluat.co/law-no-22-2000-qh10-on-the-marriage-and-family-passed-by-the-national-assembly|title=Nội dung toàn văn Law No. 22/2000/QH10, on the Marriage and Family, passed by the National Assembly|accessdate=26 December 2022|work=vanbanphapluat.co}} though provisions forbidding the recognition of same-sex unions were retained in the law. Despite this, several other same-sex couples attempted to get married over the years, occasionally in public ceremonies.{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/22/vietnam-says-homosexuality-not-a-disease-in-major-win-for-lgbtq|work=Al Jazeera|title=Vietnam says homosexuality 'not a disease' in win for gay rights|date=22 August 2022|first=Govi|last=Snell}} A lesbian wedding took place in Cà Mau in 2012,{{cite web|url=https://vietnamnet.vn/xon-xao-dam-cuoi-dong-tinh-nu-o-ca-mau-60843.html|title=Xôn xao đám cưới đồng tính nữ ở Cà Mau|language=vi|date=2012-02-19|website=VietNamNet|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-16|archive-date=2023-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522035602/https://vietnamnet.vn/xon-xao-dam-cuoi-dong-tinh-nu-o-ca-mau-60843.html}} and another lesbian couple were married in Trà Vinh on 16 June 2014.{{cite web|url=https://baophapluat.vn/nhung-dam-cuoi-co-tich-cua-nhung-nguoi-cung-dau-post232675.html|language=vi|title=Những đám cưới cổ tích của những người 'cùng dấu'|date=22 November 2016|website=baophapluat.vn}} On 28 July 2014, British nationals Yein Kai Yee and Sutpreedee Chinithigun were married at the British embassy in Hanoi, in what the media described as the "first same-sex marriage in Vietnam".{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/the-british-embassy-celebrates-its-first-same-sex-marriage-in-vietnam|title=The British Embassy celebrates its first same sex marriage in Vietnam|work=Government of the United Kingdom|date=28 July 2014}} The marriage was performed under British law and is not legally recognised in Vietnam.

{{Same-sex marriage map Asia|align=right}}

Article 64 of the Constitution of Vietnam adopted in 1992 stated that: "The family is the cell of society. The State protects marriage and the family. Marriage shall conform to the principles of free consent, progressive union, monogamy, and equality between husband and wife. Parents have the responsibility to bring up their children into good citizens. Children and grandchildren have the duty to show respect to and look after their parents and grandparents. The State and society shall recognise no discrimination among children."{{Cite web |url=http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page?_pageid=439,1096053&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=Constitution 1992 CHAPTER FIVE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE CITIZEN |access-date=2010-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722112113/http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page?_pageid=439,1096053&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |archive-date=2011-07-22 |url-status=live }} Article 36(1) of the 2013 Vietnamese Constitution is similar, reading:{{in lang|vi}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20131029064313/http://duthaoonline.quochoi.vn/DuThao/Lists/DT_DUTHAO_NGHIQUYET/View_Detail.aspx?ItemID=32&TabIndex=1&LanID=56 Nghị quyết sửa đổi, bổ sung Hiến pháp năm 1992]{{cite web |author=DPA |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/vietnam-amends-constitution/article5400497.ece |title=Vietnam amends Constitution |publisher=Thehindu.com |date=2013-11-28 |access-date=2014-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102111132/http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/vietnam-amends-constitution/article5400497.ece |archive-date=2014-01-02 |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/NuocCHXHCNVietNam/ThongTinTongHop?categoryId=920&articleId=10053009|title=Hiến pháp năm 2013, Chương II: Quyền con người, quyền và nghĩa vụ cơ bản của công dân|work=chinhphu.vn|language=vi|access-date=2019-07-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113073535/http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/NuocCHXHCNVietNam/ThongTinTongHop?categoryId=920&articleId=10053009|archive-date=2018-11-13|url-status=live}}

{{blockquote|Men and women have the right to marry and divorce. Marriage must adhere to the principles of voluntariness, progressiveness, monogamy, and equality between husband and wife.{{efn|{{langx|vi|Nam, nữ có quyền kết hôn, ly hôn. Hôn nhân theo nguyên tắc tự nguyện, tiến bộ, một vợ một chồng, vợ chồng bình đẳng, tôn trọng lẫn nhau.}}}}}}

Article 8(2) of the Law on Marriage and Family ({{langx|vi|Luật Hôn nhân và Gia đình}}, {{IPA|vi|lwə̀kʔ hōŋ ɲə̄ŋ vâː jāː ʔɗɨ̂n|pron}}){{efn|{{langx|cjm|ꨀꨕꩅ ꨤꨇ꩑ ꨧꨯꨩꩃ ꨟꨋꨥꨯꩌ|label=Cham}}, {{transliteration|cjm|Adat Lakhah saong Mangawom}}}} contains an explicit ban on same-sex marriage: "The State shall not recognize marriage between persons of the same sex".{{cite web|url=http://vbpl.vn/TW/Pages/vbpqen-toanvan.aspx?ItemID=11018|title=Luật Hôn nhân và Gia đình|work=vbpl.vn|language=vi}}

In May 2012, a same-sex couple in Hà Tiên held a traditional, public wedding at their home, but the ceremony was interrupted by local authorities. The event was widely reported in Vietnamese media and triggered a public debate on the issue.[http://tuoitre.vn/Chinh-tri-xa-hoi/Phap-luat/493974/Xu-phat-hanh-chinh-dam-cuoi-dong-tinh-o-Ha-Tien.html Gay Couple Fined by Local Authorities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224444/http://tuoitre.vn/Chinh-tri-xa-hoi/Phap-luat/493974/Xu-phat-hanh-chinh-dam-cuoi-dong-tinh-o-Ha-Tien.html |date=2013-12-02 }}, TuoiTre Online Two months later, the Minister of Justice, Hà Hùng Cường, said that the government was considering whether to legalise same-sex marriage, stating that "in order to protect individual freedoms, same-sex marriage should be allowed". The matter was expected to be debated in the National Assembly in spring 2013.{{Cite web |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/07/29/vietnam-considers-legal-recognition-for-gay-couples/ |title=Vietnam considers legal recognition for gay couples |date=29 July 2012 |access-date=2012-07-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730175824/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/07/29/vietnam-considers-legal-recognition-for-gay-couples/ |archive-date=2012-07-30 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/story/2012-07-29/vietnam-gay-marriage/56573384/1 |title=Vietnam considers same-sex marriage |access-date=2012-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209083851/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/story/2012-07-29/vietnam-gay-marriage/56573384/1 |archive-date=2012-12-09 |url-status=live }} However, in February 2013, the Ministry of Justice requested that the National Assembly avoid taking action until 2014.{{cite news|title=Vote on same-sex marriage in Vietnam likely to be delayed until 2014|url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vote-same-sex-marriage-vietnam-likely-be-delayed-until-2014200213|access-date=2013-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130305115639/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vote-same-sex-marriage-vietnam-likely-be-delayed-until-2014200213|archive-date=2013-03-05|url-status=live}} The Supreme People's Procuracy, the Ministry of Health and government agencies in several provinces expressed support for lifting the ban.{{cite web|url=https://tuoitre.vn/bo-y-te-ung-ho-ket-hon-dong-tinh-543174.htm|title=Bộ Y tế ủng hộ kết hôn đồng tính|date=2013-04-15|website=Báo Tuổi Trẻ|language=vi|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-16|archive-date=2024-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106081531/https://tuoitre.vn/bo-y-te-ung-ho-ket-hon-dong-tinh-543174.htm}}{{cite web|url=https://baochinhphu.vn/news-102141688.htm|title=Hôn nhân đồng giới: Tiếng nói người trong cuộc|date=2013-04-19|website=Báo Chính phủ|language=vi|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-30|archive-date=2024-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803003821/https://baochinhphu.vn/hon-nhan-dong-gioi-tieng-noi-nguoi-trong-cuoc-102141688.htm}} On the other hand, the Vietnam Women's Union and other provincial government agencies argued that same-sex marriage should not be recognized, warning of a weakening of "traditional values" and that such a move would "not be in line with Vietnamese customs".

In June 2013, the Ministry of Justice submitted a bill to remove the same-sex marriage ban from the Law on Marriage and Family,{{in lang|vi}} [https://luatvietnam.vn/hon-nhan-gia-dinh/luat-52-2014-qh13-quoc-hoi-87930-d1.html#noidung Luật Hôn nhân và Gia đình năm 2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111232704/https://luatvietnam.vn/hon-nhan-gia-dinh/luat-52-2014-qh13-quoc-hoi-87930-d1.html#noidung |date=2019-01-11 }} and provide some legal rights to cohabiting same-sex couples.{{in lang|vi}} {{cite news|url=http://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/se-khong-cam-ket-hon-giua-nguoi-dong-gioi-747297.htm|title=Sẽ không cấm kết hôn giữa người đồng giới?|author=P.Thảo|publisher=Dân Trí|date=2013-06-26|access-date=2013-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627172603/http://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/se-khong-cam-ket-hon-giua-nguoi-dong-gioi-747297.htm|archive-date=2013-06-27|url-status=dead}} In August, Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng called same-sex marriage a "social reality" and argued that its legalization "cannot be avoided".{{cite web|url=https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/thu-tuong-khong-the-ne-hon-nhan-dong-gioi-1376909743.htm|title=Thủ tướng: “Không thể “né” hôn nhân đồng giới”|date=2013-08-14|website=Báo Dân Trí|language=vi|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-16|archive-date=2023-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110053657/https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/thu-tuong-khong-the-ne-hon-nhan-dong-gioi-1376909743.htm}} On 24 September 2013, the government issued a decree abolishing the penalty for holding same-sex marriage ceremonies.{{Cite web |url=http://tuoitrenews.vn/society/13750/vietnam-to-remove-fines-on-samesex-marriage |title=Vietnam to remove fines on same-sex marriage |date=5 September 2012 |access-date=2013-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607125008/http://tuoitrenews.vn/society/13750/vietnam-to-remove-fines-on-samesex-marriage |archive-date=2015-06-07 |url-status=live }}{{in lang|vi}} [http://thuvienphapluat.vn/archive/Nghi-dinh-110-2013-ND-CP-xu-phat-vi-pham-hanh-chinh-bo-tro-tu-phap-hanh-chinh-tu-phap-vb208274.aspx NGHỊ ĐỊNH - QUY ĐỊNH XỬ PHẠT VI PHẠM HÀNH CHÍNH TRONG LĨNH VỰC BỔ TRỢ TƯ PHÁP, HÀNH CHÍNH TƯ PHÁP, HÔN NHÂN VÀ GIA ĐÌNH, THI HÀNH ÁN DÂN SỰ, PHÁ SẢN DOANH NGHIỆP, HỢP TÁC XÃ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927212319/http://thuvienphapluat.vn/archive/Nghi-dinh-110-2013-ND-CP-xu-phat-vi-pham-hanh-chinh-bo-tro-tu-phap-hanh-chinh-tu-phap-vb208274.aspx |date=2013-09-27 }}{{in lang|vi}} [http://conganhatinh.gov.vn/web/guest/9/-/vcmsview/qvgy/1506/1506/6374 Một số điểm mới về xử phạt vi phạm hành chính tại Nghị định số 110/2013/NĐ-CP] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121108/http://conganhatinh.gov.vn/web/guest/9/-/vcmsview/qvgy/1506/1506/6374 |date=2014-05-17 }} The decree took effect on 11 November 2013.{{Cite web |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vietnam-legalizes-gay-weddings131113 |title=Vietnam legalizes gay weddings |access-date=2013-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114022059/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vietnam-legalizes-gay-weddings131113 |archive-date=2013-11-14 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/89082/same-sex-weddings-officially-permitted-in-vietnam.html |title=Same sex weddings officially permitted in Vietnam |access-date=2013-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114021014/http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/89082/same-sex-weddings-officially-permitted-in-vietnam.html |archive-date=2013-11-14 |url-status=live }} Nguyễn Anh Tuấn, the head of a gay tourist agency in Hanoi, told NBC News, "It's not perfect… It's not completely there but it is a great step in the right direction." Several public campaigns for the legalization of same-sex marriage took place in October 2013.{{Cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21580526-some-countries-consider-gay-marriage-elsewhere-attitudes-harden-fifty-shades-pink |title=Gay rights in South-East Asia: Fifty shades of pink |newspaper=The Economist |access-date=2017-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143006/http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21580526-some-countries-consider-gay-marriage-elsewhere-attitudes-harden-fifty-shades-pink |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/hundreds-turn-out-to-support-same-sex-marriage-in-vietnam/1777892.html|title=Hundreds Turn Out to Support Same-Sex Marriage in Vietnam|work=Voice of America|date=27 October 2013|first=Marianne|last=Brown}} The National Assembly also began looking into the possibilty of enacting civil unions.{{cite web|url=http://lapphap.vn/Pages/tintuc/tinchitiet.aspx?tintucid=207871|title=Nên thừa nhận chế định kết hợp dân sự giữa hai người cùng giới tính|date=2014-04-01|website=Viện Nghiên cứu Lập pháp thuộc Ủy ban Thường vụ Quốc hội|url-status=live|access-date=2024-07-15|archive-date=2024-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315053313/http://lapphap.vn/Pages/tintuc/tinchitiet.aspx?tintucid=207871}} On 27 May 2014, the National Assembly's Committee for Social Affairs removed the provisions granting legal rights to cohabiting same-sex couples from the legislation.{{Cite web |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vietnamese-lawmakers-back-down-giving-rights-same-sex-couples300514 |title=Vietnamese lawmakers back down on giving rights to same-sex couples |access-date=2014-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602200728/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/vietnamese-lawmakers-back-down-giving-rights-same-sex-couples300514 |archive-date=2014-06-02 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/vietnams-proposed-marriage-law-disappoints-lgbt-activists-/1925916.html |title=Vietnam's Proposed Marriage Law Disappoints LGBT Activists |access-date=2014-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128133354/http://www.voanews.com/content/vietnams-proposed-marriage-law-disappoints-lgbt-activists-/1925916.html |archive-date=2016-01-28 |url-status=live }} The bill was approved by the National Assembly on 19 June 2014, promulgated by President Trương Tấn Sang on 26 June,{{cite web|url=https://m.thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/quyen-dan-su/lenh-cong-bo-luat-hon-nhan-va-gia-dinh-2014-241190.aspx|title=Lệnh công bố Luật hôn nhân và gia đình năm 2014|work=Thư Viện Pháp Luật|date=26 June 2014|language=vi}} and took effect on 1 January 2015, but without provisions recognizing same-sex unions. The law enacted a provision in article 8(2) of the Law on Marriage and Family that Vietnam does not "recognize marriage between persons of the same sex".{{Cite web |url=http://vbpl.vn/TW/Pages/vbpqen-toanvan.aspx?ItemID=11018 |title=LAW On Marriage and Family |access-date=2017-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205194737/http://vbpl.vn/TW/Pages/vbpqen-toanvan.aspx?ItemID=11018 |archive-date=2017-12-05 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=http://thanhniennews.com/politics/vietnam-allows-surrogacy-within-families-denies-samesex-marriage-27502.html |title=Vietnam allows surrogacy within families, denies same-sex marriage |date=20 June 2014 |access-date=2014-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627141827/http://thanhniennews.com/politics/vietnam-allows-surrogacy-within-families-denies-samesex-marriage-27502.html |archive-date=2014-06-27 |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://tuoitrenews.vn/society/20478/vietnam-removes-ban-on-same-sex-marriage |title=Vietnam removes ban on same sex marriage |date=25 April 2014 |access-date=2014-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709085847/http://tuoitrenews.vn/society/20478/vietnam-removes-ban-on-same-sex-marriage |archive-date=2015-07-09 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.marilynstowe.co.uk/2014/12/29/vietnam-set-to-lift-gay-marriage-ban/ |title=Vietnam Set To Lift Gay Marriage Ban |date=29 December 2014 |access-date=2015-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103134310/http://www.marilynstowe.co.uk/2014/12/29/vietnam-set-to-lift-gay-marriage-ban/ |archive-date=2015-01-03 |url-status=live }}

At Vietnam's third Universal Periodic Review (UPR) on 22 January 2019, Iceland, the Netherlands and Canada recommended the government to legalize same-sex marriage.{{cite web|url=https://ilga.org/downloads/32st_UPR_Working_Group_Session_SOGIESC_recommendations.pdf|title=32nd UPR WORKING GROUP SESSIONS - SOGIESC RECOMMENDATIONS - Vietnam|publisher=ILGA|pages=53–56|access-date=5 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705221051/https://ilga.org/downloads/32st_UPR_Working_Group_Session_SOGIESC_recommendations.pdf|archive-date=5 July 2019|url-status=live}} On 4 July 2019, the government "noted" (rejected) these recommendations.{{cite web|url=https://ilga.org/downloads/HRC41_UPR_Outcome_Vietnam.pdf|title=41st session of the Human Rights Council: UPR Outcomes - Vietnam. Statement by LGBTI - UPR Working Group in Vietnam, COC Netherlands and ILGA World|publisher=ILGA|access-date=5 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705223246/https://ilga.org/downloads/HRC41_UPR_Outcome_Vietnam.pdf|archive-date=5 July 2019|url-status=live}} At the fourth UPR in 2024, Mexico, Sweden and Chile also recommended Vietnam to recognize same-sex marriages,{{cite web|url=https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/g24/091/59/pdf/g2409159.pdf|title=Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Vietnam|access-date=30 September 2024|work=United Nations Human Rights Council}} which the government once again rejected.{{cite web|url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session57/advance-versions/a-hrc-57-7-add-1-av-viet-nam-e.docx|title=Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Vietnam|access-date=30 September 2024|date=20 September 2024|work=United Nations Human Rights Council}}

On 10 August 2022, as part of the "I Do campaign", activists began gathering signatures in support of the legalization of same-sex marriage.{{cite web |title=Cộng đồng LGBT tái khởi động chiến dịch "Tôi đồng ý" |url=https://plo.vn/post-693277.html |website=Pháp luật Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh |publisher=Pháp luật Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh |access-date=25 September 2023 |language=vi |date=10 August 2022}}{{cite web |title=Nhiều nghệ sĩ tham gia chiến dịch ủng hộ hôn nhân cùng giới Tôi đồng ý |url=https://nguoidothi.net.vn/nhieu-nghe-si-tham-gia-chien-dich-ung-ho-hon-nhan-cung-gioi-toi-dong-y-36077.html |website=Người Đô Thị |publisher=Người Đô Thị |access-date=25 September 2023 |language=vi}} By 20 November 2022, the organizers' Facebook page stated that they had collected about 40,000 valid signatures.{{cite web |title=Tôi Đồng Ý - Kết quả sau 72 giờ của chúng ta |url=https://www.facebook.com/toidongy.ido/photos/a.1938789656317725/1941440696052621/ |website=Facebook |publisher=I Do campaign |access-date=25 September 2023 |language=en}} The National Assembly was expected to discuss revisions to the marriage laws in 2024 or 2025, though finally the issue was not included in the legislative schedule for the 2024–2025 period. Activists said they hoped the issue would be debated in the following legislative schedules between 2025 and 2030.{{cite web|url=https://www.apcom.org/changing-hearts-and-minds-vietnam-is-getting-ready-for-marriage-equality/|title=Changing hearts and minds – Vietnam is getting ready for Marriage Equality!|work=apcom.org|date=20 June 2024|first=Linh|last=Ngô}} Hoping to raise awareness, singer-songwriter Vũ Cát Tường married her partner in March 2025.{{cite web|url=https://baohaiduong.vn/tu-thach-thuc-den-hy-vong-cho-phu-nu-lgbt-406886.html|title=Từ thách thức đến hy vọng cho phụ nữ LGBT+|date=2025-03-10|website=Hải Dương|language=vi|access-date=2025-03-13}}

In 2022, the Vietnam Center for Economic and Strategic Studies (VESS) published findings on the potential economic benefits of legalizing same-sex marriage. The report projected that legalization could boost Vietnam's GDP by 1.65% to 4.36% over a decade—equating to an annual increase of 0.165% to 0.436%—due to improved labor productivity and a more inclusive work environment. Sectors such as wedding services and family-related industries were also expected to see revenue increases of 4.36% to 5.26%. Similarly, at a 2024 seminar held at the Independence Palace, a report by Open For Business addressed Vietnam's "brain drain", linking it to the lack of inclusive policies for the LGBT community. Experts and researchers at the event agreed that recognizing same-sex marriage would positively impact the economy. Furthermore, legalization was estimated to reduce costs associated with LGBT-related mental health issues by US$13 million to US$71 million.{{cite web|url=https://vess.org.vn/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Tai-lieu-ISEE-VESS-20211222.pdf|title=Đánh giá tác động kinh tế của chính sách về hôn nhân cùng giới tại Việt Nam|publisher=Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Kinh tế và Chiến lược Việt Nam|date=2021|location=Hanoi|access-date=2024-07-16|archive-date=2023-05-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509100923/https://vess.org.vn/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Tai-lieu-ISEE-VESS-20211222.pdf}}{{cite web|date=2024-10-02|title=Khi hòa nhập LGBT là bài toán kinh tế có sẵn lời giải|language=vi|work=Báo Tin tức|url=https://baotintuc.vn/xa-hoi/khi-hoa-nhap-lgbt-la-bai-toan-kinh-te-co-san-loi-giai-20241002120141282.htm|access-date=2024-10-04|archive-date=2024-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002142248/https://baotintuc.vn/xa-hoi/khi-hoa-nhap-lgbt-la-bai-toan-kinh-te-co-san-loi-giai-20241002120141282.htm|url-status=live}} The Vietnam National Authority of Tourism also argued that legalization would positively impact tourism.{{cite web|url=https://itdr.org.vn/nghien_cuu/tong-quan-chung-phan-khuc-thi-truong-khach-du-lich-lgbtq-toan-cau-phan-1/|title=Tổng quan chung phân khúc thị trường khách du lịch LGBTQ toàn cầu (phần 1)|date=2023-09-05|website=Viện Nghiên cứu Phát triển Du lịch (ITDR)|language=vi|url-status=live|access-date=2024-08-02|archive-date=2024-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802153704/https://itdr.org.vn/nghien_cuu/tong-quan-chung-phan-khuc-thi-truong-khach-du-lich-lgbtq-toan-cau-phan-1/}}

File:Ambassador David Shear helps to present a gift to the LGBT community (13934535200).jpg holding signs reading {{lang|vi|Tôi Đồng Ý}} ("I Do") as part of the "I Do campaign", 2014]]

Opinion polls conducted since 2012 have reported a rising trend of support for same-sex marriage in Vietnam, making it one of the most supportive in Southeast Asia, and Asia generally. A survey carried out in December 2012 by the Institute for Studies of Society, Economy and Environment (iSEE) showed that 37% of Vietnam's population supported the legalization of same-sex marriage, while 58% were opposed.{{Cite web |url=http://gaystarnews.com/article/survey-undermines-progress-same-sex-marriage-vietnam171212 |title=Survey undermines progress of same-sex marriage in Vietnam |access-date=2012-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121223033618/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/survey-undermines-progress-same-sex-marriage-vietnam171212 |archive-date=2012-12-23 |url-status=live }} A March 2014 poll conducted by the iSEE found that 34% of Vietnamese people supported same-sex marriage, while 53% were opposed. 41% of respondents supported recognizing same-sex cohabitation or civil unions, and 72% believed that legalising same-sex marriage would not negatively affect their families. The sample size was 5,000 respondents.{{cite news|url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/one-three-vietnamese-support-marriage-equality310314|title=One in three Vietnamese support marriage equality|publisher=GayStarNews|date=March 31, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426135625/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/one-three-vietnamese-support-marriage-equality310314|archive-date=April 26, 2014}}

An online survey carried out by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA) from December 2015 to January 2016 found that 45% of respondents supported the legalization of same-sex marriage, while 25% opposed it.{{Cite web |url=http://ilga.org/downloads/Ilga_Riwi_Attitudes_LGBTI_survey_Logo_personal_political.pdf |title=Global Attitudes Survey on LGBT people |access-date=2017-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510154118/http://ilga.org/downloads/Ilga_Riwi_Attitudes_LGBTI_survey_Logo_personal_political.pdf |archive-date=2017-05-10 |url-status=live }} A 2017 survey by the Social Life Research Institute in Ho Chi Minh City showed that 51% of respondents aged 15 to 35 thought same-sex marriage should be allowed in Vietnam, while 26% were undecided and 23% disagreed.

A June–September 2023 Pew Research Center poll showed that 65% of Vietnamese people supported same-sex marriage (30% "strongly" and 35% "somewhat"), while 30% opposed (14% "strongly" and 16% "somewhat"). Support was highest among Buddhists and Christians at 71%, but lowest among the religiously unaffiliated at 59%. When divided by age, support was highest among 18–34-year-olds at 79% and lowest among those aged 35 and above at 57%. The survey was conducted face-to-face with a sample size of 2,255 respondents. This level of support was the highest among the six Southeast Asian countries polled, ahead of Thailand at 60%, Cambodia at 57%, Singapore at 45%, Malaysia at 17%, and Indonesia at 5%.{{cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/11/27/across-asia-views-of-same-sex-marriage-vary-widely/|title=Across Asia, views of same-sex marriage vary widely|work=Pew Research Center|date=27 November 2023|first1=Sneha|last1=Gubbala|first2=William|last2=Miner}}

• LGBT rights in Vietnam
• Recognition of same-sex unions in Asia
• I Do campaign

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Category:LGBTQ rights in Vietnam

Vietnam

Vietnam