Solar eclipse of August 19, 1887

{{Infobox solar eclipse|1887Aug19

| previous = Solar eclipse of February 22, 1887

| next = Solar eclipse of February 11, 1888

}}

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Friday, August 19, 1887, with a magnitude of 1.0518. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.8 days before perigee (on August 21, 1887, at 0:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1887&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=28 August 2024}}

The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day Germany, Poland, Belarus, Lithuania, southeastern Latvia, Russia, Mongolia, China, North Korea, and Japan. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Europe, Northeast Africa, Asia, northern Greenland, and Alaska.

Observations

The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev ascended in a balloon near Moscow to observe this eclipse. The weather in Tver Governorate was cloudy and it was rain at morning, so Mendeleev forced to fly alone. He made some notes at 6:55, 20 minutes after the start, and made some observations of the solar corona. For this flight, the scientist was awarded the medal of the Academy of Aerostatic Meteorology.{{cite web |url=https://aif.ru/society/history/mendeleev_na_vozdushnom_share_istoriya_riskovannogo_poleta_velikogo_himika|title=Менделеев на воздушном шаре: история рискованного полёта великого химика|last=Кирилл Яблочкин. |date=19 October 2014 |access-date=15 February 2022 |language=ru |trans-title=Mendeleev in a balloon: the story of a risky flight of the great chemist }}

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|210px

|320px
Partiality at sunrise from Berlin, Germany

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Ilya Repin, “The Solar Eclipse of 1887” (“Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev on the aerostat”), 1887.

Russian writer Anton Chekhov published the short story "From the Diary of a Hot-Tempered Man" six weeks before the eclipse passed through Russia. The story includes a major section about the frustrations of a man who is trying to make a great variety of observations during the short interval of totality. In the story the eclipse date is given as 7 August 1887, as per the Julian Calendar then in use in Russia.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1887 Aug 19|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1887Aug19Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=28 August 2024}}

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|+August 19, 1887 Solar Eclipse Times

! Event

! Time (UTC)

First Penumbral External Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 03:05:23.2 UTC

First Umbral External Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 04:09:44.3 UTC

First Central Line

| 1887 August 19 at 04:11:03.8 UTC

First Umbral Internal Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 04:12:23.8 UTC

Equatorial Conjunction

| 1887 August 19 at 05:15:23.5 UTC

Greatest Duration

| 1887 August 19 at 05:31:45.2 UTC

Greatest Eclipse

| 1887 August 19 at 05:32:05.2 UTC

Ecliptic Conjunction

| 1887 August 19 at 05:38:34.1 UTC

Last Umbral Internal Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 06:51:56.7 UTC

Last Central Line

| 1887 August 19 at 06:53:18.3 UTC

Last Umbral External Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 06:54:39.5 UTC

Last Penumbral External Contact

| 1887 August 19 at 07:58:51.2 UTC

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|+August 19, 1887 Solar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Eclipse Magnitude

| 1.05176

Eclipse Obscuration

| 1.10619

Gamma

| 0.63124

Sun Right Ascension

| 09h52m33.6s

Sun Declination

| +12°53'52.0"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'48.5"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.7"

Moon Right Ascension

| 09h53m11.8s

Moon Declination

| +13°30'38.5"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 16'24.8"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 1°00'14.3"

ΔT

| -6.0 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

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|+ Eclipse season of August 1887

! August 3
Descending node (full moon)
!! August 19
Ascending node (new moon)

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align=center

| Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 117

Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 143

Related eclipses

= Eclipses in 1887 =

A partial lunar eclipse on February 8.
An annular solar eclipse on February 22.
A partial lunar eclipse on August 3.
A total solar eclipse on August 19.

= Metonic =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 30, 1883
Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 6, 1891

= Tzolkinex =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 7, 1880
Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 29, 1894

= Half-Saros =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 13, 1878
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 23, 1896

= Tritos =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 17, 1876
Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 18, 1898

= Solar Saros 143 =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 7, 1869
Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 30, 1905

= Inex =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 7, 1858
Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 30, 1916

= Triad =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 18, 1800
Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 20, 1974

= Solar eclipses of 1884–1888 =

The partial solar eclipses on April 25, 1884 and October 19, 1884 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on July 9, 1888 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" !class="nowrap" colspan="7" \| Solar eclipse series sets from 1884 to 1888
scope="col" colspan="3" \| Descending node \| rowspan="6" \| ! scope="col" colspan="3" \| Ascending node
style="text-align: center;" ! scope="col" \| Saros ! scope="col" \| Map ! scope="col" \| Gamma ! scope="col" \| Saros ! scope="col" \| Map ! scope="col" \| Gamma
style="text-align: center;" \| 108 \| March 27, 1884 150px Partial \| 1.4602 \| 113 \| \|
style="text-align: center;" \| 118 \| March 16, 1885 150px Annular \| 0.8030 \| 123 \| September 8, 1885 150px Total \| −0.8489
style="text-align: center;" \| 128 \| March 5, 1886 150px Annular \| 0.0970 \| 133 \| August 29, 1886 150px Total \| −0.1059
style="text-align: center;" \| 138 \| February 22, 1887 150px Annular \| −0.6040 \| 143 \| August 19, 1887 150px Total \| 0.6312
style="text-align: center;" \| 148 \| February 11, 1888 150px Partial \| −1.2684 \| \| 153 \| August 7, 1888 150px Partial \| −1.2797

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1884 to 1888

scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node

| rowspan="6" |

! scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node

style="text-align: center;"

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

style="text-align: center;"

| 108

| March 27, 1884
150px
Partial

| 1.4602

| 113

style="text-align: center;"

| 118

| March 16, 1885
150px
Annular

| 0.8030

| 123

| September 8, 1885
150px
Total

| −0.8489

style="text-align: center;"

| 128

| March 5, 1886
150px
Annular

| 0.0970

| 133

| August 29, 1886
150px
Total

| −0.1059

style="text-align: center;"

| 138

| February 22, 1887
150px
Annular

| −0.6040

| 143

| August 19, 1887
150px
Total

| 0.6312

style="text-align: center;"

| 148

| February 11, 1888
150px
Partial

| −1.2684

| 153

| August 7, 1888
150px
Partial

| −1.2797

= Saros 143 =

= Metonic series =

{{Metonic eclipse set info}} All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" !colspan=5\|24 eclipse events between March 25, 1819 and August 20, 1906
March 25–26 !January 11–12 !October 30–31 !August 18–20 !June 6–7
107 !109 !111 !113 !115
style="text-align:center;" \|150px March 25, 1819 \|150px January 12, 1823 \|150px October 31, 1826 \|150px August 18, 1830 \|150px June 7, 1834
117 !119 !121 !123 !125
style="text-align:center;" \|150px March 25, 1838 \|150px January 11, 1842 \|150px October 30, 1845 \|150px August 18, 1849 \|150px June 6, 1853
127 !129 !131 !133 !135
style="text-align:center;" \|150px March 25, 1857 \|150px January 11, 1861 \|150px October 30, 1864 \|150px August 18, 1868 \|150px June 6, 1872
137 !139 !141 !143 !145
style="text-align:center;" \|150px March 25, 1876 \|150px January 11, 1880 \|150px October 30, 1883 \|150px August 19, 1887 \|150px June 6, 1891
147 !149 !151 !153
style="text-align:center;" \|150px March 26, 1895 \|150px January 11, 1899 \|150px October 31, 1902 \|150px August 20, 1906

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!colspan=5|24 eclipse events between March 25, 1819 and August 20, 1906

March 25–26

!January 11–12

!October 30–31

!August 18–20

!June 6–7

107

!109

!111

!113

!115

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
March 25, 1819

|150px
January 12, 1823

|150px
October 31, 1826

|150px
August 18, 1830

|150px
June 7, 1834

117

!119

!121

!123

!125

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
March 25, 1838

|150px
January 11, 1842

|150px
October 30, 1845

|150px
August 18, 1849

|150px
June 6, 1853

127

!129

!131

!133

!135

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
March 25, 1857

|150px
January 11, 1861

|150px
October 30, 1864

|150px
August 18, 1868

|150px
June 6, 1872

137

!139

!141

!143

!145

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
March 25, 1876

|150px
January 11, 1880

|150px
October 30, 1883

|150px
August 19, 1887

|150px
June 6, 1891

147

!149

!151

!153

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
March 26, 1895

|150px
January 11, 1899

|150px
October 31, 1902

|150px
August 20, 1906

= Tritos series =

= Inex series =

Notes

References

[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1887-08-19.gif NASA graphic]
[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18870819 Googlemap]
[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18870819 NASA Besselian elements]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20100529164446/http://www.exploratorium.edu/eclipse/1887.html American Eclipse Expedition to Japan: The Total Solar Eclipse of 1887] "Preliminary Report of Prof. David P. Todd, Astronomer in Charge of the Expedition." Published by the Observatory Amherst, Mass., 1888
{{cite book|author=Mabel Loomis Todd|title=Total Eclipses of the Sun|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FI0-AAAAYAAJ|year=1900|publisher=Little, Brown}}
[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1888MNRAS..48..202. The total solar eclipse of August 19, 1887] Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 48, p. 202
[http://xjubier.free.fr/en/site_pages/solar_eclipses/Solar_Corona_Shape_pg01.html Sketchs of Solar Corona August 19, 1887]
[http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1887.php Solar eclipse of August 19, 1887 in Russia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505085503/http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1887.php |date=May 5, 2010 }}

1887 08 19

Category:1887 in science

1887 08 19

Category:August 1887