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Solar eclipse of August 9, 1896

{{Short description|Total eclipse}}

{{Infobox solar eclipse|1896Aug09

| previous = Solar eclipse of February 13, 1896

| next = Solar eclipse of February 1, 1897

}}

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Sunday, August 9, 1896, with a magnitude of 1.0392. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.5 days before perigee (on August 11, 1896, at 18:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1896&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=27 August 2024}}

The path of totality was visible from parts of northern Norway, northern Sweden, the Russian Empire, and the Empire of Japan. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for much of Europe, Central Asia, East Asia, Northeast Asia, Alaska, and Greenland.

This event was the subject of the first organized eclipse expedition by the British Astronomical Association. A group of 165 amateur and professional astronomers sailed from Tilbury, England on July 25, heading toward Vadsø, Norway.{{Cite journal |last=Marriott |first=R. A. |date=June 1991 |title=Norway 1896: the BAA's first organised eclipse expedition |journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=162–170 |bibcode=1991JBAA..101..162M}} This expedition failed to produce any usable results as they were frustrated by the weather conditions at the time of the eclipse.{{Cite journal |date=1898 |title=Expedition for the Observation of the Total Solar Eclipse, August 9th, 1896 |journal=Memoirs of the British Astronomical Association |volume=6 |pages=1–4 |bibcode=1898MmBAA...6....1.}} However, a smaller expedition to Novaya Zemlya on Sir George Baden-Powell's yacht Otario met with success.

Gallery

Solar eclipse 1896Aug09-Corona.png

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1896 Aug 09|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1896Aug09Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=27 August 2024}}

class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|left|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"

|+August 9, 1896 Solar Eclipse Times

! Event

! Time (UTC)

First Penumbral External Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 02:43:20.8 UTC

First Umbral External Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 03:52:06.8 UTC

First Central Line

| 1896 August 09 at 03:53:08.3 UTC

First Umbral Internal Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 03:54:10.1 UTC

Equatorial Conjunction

| 1896 August 09 at 04:37:13.0 UTC

Ecliptic Conjunction

| 1896 August 09 at 05:01:41.9 UTC

Greatest Duration

| 1896 August 09 at 05:08:37.2 UTC

Greatest Eclipse

| 1896 August 09 at 05:09:00.1 UTC

Last Umbral Internal Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 06:24:07.8 UTC

Last Central Line

| 1896 August 09 at 06:25:11.8 UTC

Last Umbral External Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 06:26:15.3 UTC

Last Penumbral External Contact

| 1896 August 09 at 07:34:47.9 UTC

class="wikitable" align="{{{align|right}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"

|+August 9, 1896 Solar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Eclipse Magnitude

| 1.03918

Eclipse Obscuration

| 1.07989

Gamma

| 0.69635

Sun Right Ascension

| 09h18m02.6s

Sun Declination

| +15°44'00.4"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'46.9"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.7"

Moon Right Ascension

| 09h19m10.6s

Moon Declination

| +16°21'57.5"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 16'12.5"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 0°59'29.1"

ΔT

| -5.8 s

{{clear}}

Eclipse season

{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

class="wikitable"

|+ Eclipse season of August 1896

! August 9
Descending node (new moon)

August 23
Ascending node (full moon)
200px
align=center

| Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 124

Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 136

Related eclipses

= Eclipses in 1896 =

= Metonic =

= Tzolkinex =

= Half-Saros =

= Tritos =

= Solar Saros 124 =

= Inex =

= Triad =

= Solar eclipses of 1895–1899 =

{{Lunar year eclipse set info}}

The partial solar eclipses on March 26, 1895 and September 18, 1895 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on December 13, 1898 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1895 to 1899

scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node

| rowspan="6" | 

! scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node

style="text-align: center;"

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

style="text-align: center;"

| 114

| August 20, 1895
150px
Partial

| 1.3911

| 119

| February 13, 1896
150px
Annular

| −0.9220

style="text-align: center;"

| 124

| August 9, 1896
150px
Total

| 0.6964

| 129

| February 1, 1897
150px
Annular

| −0.1903

style="text-align: center;"

| 134

| July 29, 1897
150px
Annular

| −0.0640

| 139

| January 22, 1898
150px
Total

| 0.5079

style="text-align: center;"

| 144

| July 18, 1898
150px
Annular

| −0.8546

| 149

| January 11, 1899
150px
Partial

| 1.1558

= Saros 124 =

{{Solar Saros series 124}}

= Metonic series =

{{Solar Metonic series 1866–1953}}

= Tritos series =

{{Solar Tritos series 2005 October 3}}

= Inex series =

{{Solar Inex series 2012 May 20}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category|Solar eclipse of 1896 August 9}}

  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1896-08-09.gif NASA graphics]
  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18960809 Googlemap]
  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18960809 NASA Besselian elements]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20090726174629/http://www.exploratorium.edu/eclipse/1896.html Corona and Coronet: Being a narrative of the Amherst Eclipse Expedition to Japan, in Mr. James's Schooner-Yacht Coronet, to Observe the Sun's Total Obscuration, 9th August, 1896], by Mabel Loomis Todd, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, publishers, 1898
  • {{Cite book |last=Mabel Loomis Todd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FI0-AAAAYAAJ |title=Total Eclipses of the Sun |publisher=Little, Brown |year=1900}}
  • [http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1896.php Solar eclipse of August 9, 1896 in Russia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809113450/http://eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1896.php |date=August 9, 2009 }}

{{Solar eclipses}}

1896 08 09

Category:1896 in science

1896 08 09

Category:August 1896