The National WWII Museum
{{Short description|Military history museum in New Orleans}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2014}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox museum
| name = The National WWII Museum
| logo = National WWII Museum logo.svg
| logo_size = 180px
| image = The National WWII Museum New Orleans Dec 2015.jpg
| caption = Main Entrance
| imagesize =
| map_type =
| coordinates = {{Coord|29|56|35|N|90|04|13|W|dim:50_scale:500_region:US-LA_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}
| former_name = D-Day Museum
| established = June 6, 2000
| location = New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
| type = Military history museum
| director =
| curator =
| publictransit =
| parking =
| website = {{URL|https://www.nationalww2museum.org/|nationalww2museum.org}}
}}
The National WWII Museum, formerly known as The National D-Day Museum, is a military history museum located in the Central Business District of New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S., on Andrew Higgins Drive between Camp Street and Magazine Street. The museum focuses on the contribution made by the United States to Allied victory in World War II. Founded in 2000, it was later designated by the U.S. Congress as America's official National WWII Museum in 2004.{{cite web |last=Loane |first=Shannon |date=2019-04-08 |title=National Museums: In Brief |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20190408_R45674_0d55709e6c96ae8f4ce6861a8f3bcf0303701b61.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |publisher=Congressional Research Service}} The museum is a Smithsonian Institution affiliated museum,{{cite web|title=Affiliate Profile - National World War II Museum|url=https://affiliations.si.edu/affiliate-profile/?pid=2498|access-date=12 July 2020|website=Smithsonian Affiliations}} as part of the Smithsonian Institution's outreach program.{{cite web |title=Smithsonian Affiliations |url=https://affiliations.si.edu/about-us/faq/#toggle-id-1 |website=affiliations.si.edu |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=27 September 2021}} The mission statement of the museum emphasizes the American experience in World War II.{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalww2museum.org/about-us/mission-statement.html|title=Mission / Vision / Values - The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|website=The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|access-date=November 12, 2018}}
History
The museum is located in part in the former Weckerling Brewery, designed by local architect William Fitzner, which was renovated and opened as the D-Day Museum on June 6, 2000, the 56th anniversary of D-Day, focusing on the amphibious invasion of Normandy. As the Higgins boats, vital to amphibious operations, were designed, built, and tested in New Orleans by Higgins Industries, the city was the natural home for such a project. Furthermore, New Orleans was the home of historian and author Stephen Ambrose, who spearheaded the effort to build the museum. Ambrose also wrote a book entitled D-Day in 1994, which describes the planning and execution of Operation Neptune, which was launched on June 6, 1944. The early emphasis of the museum on D-Day, the location of Higgins Industries, and Ambrose's connections to New Orleans were all factors in the museum being established in New Orleans.{{cite news |title=A War Story: The History of the National World War II Museum in New Orleans |url=https://www.nola.com/300/article_8dadb6df-bcfe-56ce-ba8f-ff92c0551a8a.html |access-date=27 September 2021 |agency=New Orleans Times-Picayune |date=March 28, 2019}}
Museum description
In addition to opening a second gallery exploring the amphibious invasions of the Pacific War in the original building, known as the Louisiana Memorial Pavilion, the museum has since opened the Solomon Victory Theater, the John E. Kushner Restoration Pavilion, the US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center, and the Campaigns of Courage pavilion.
Within the large atrium of the Louisiana Memorial Pavilion several aircraft are on display, including a Supermarine Spitfire and a Douglas C-47 Skytrain suspended from the ceiling. A LCVP, or "Higgins boat," is also usually on display in this pavilion. The exhibits in this pavilion focus on the amphibious landings in the European theater of the war and on the contributions of the home front. The Louisiana Memorial Pavilion is also home to rotating temporary exhibits, as well as the immersive and interactive train car (part of the larger "Dog Tag Experience" interactive), which opened in 2013.
This part of the museum includes several permanent galleries, including the Home Front, Planning for D-Day, and the D-Day Beaches. The third floor of the Louisiana Memorial Pavilion includes an observation deck for closer viewing of the hanging aircraft.
In January 2013, the museum opened the US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center, which is the now largest building on the campus.National World War II Museum [https://www.nationalww2museum.org/media/press-releases/let-freedom-ring-growing-national-wwii-museum-opens-newest-building press release of January 13, 2013]. Retrieved on July 12, 2020. The collection in the US Freedom Pavilion includes a B-17E Flying Fortress bomber, a B-25J Mitchell bomber, an SBD-3 Dauntless, a TBF Avenger, a P-51D Mustang, Corsair F4U-4 and an interactive submarine experience based on the final mission of the USS Tang. The B-17E is the airplane dubbed My Gal Sal, famous for having been lost over Greenland and recovered 53 years later. The US Freedom Pavilion was paid for with a $15 million donation from the Boeing Company and with a $20 million grant from the US Department of Defense with congressional approval.D. MacCash, [http://www.nola.com/arts/index.ssf/2013/01/u_s_freedom_pavilion_at_world.html New Orleans Times-Picayune, January 9, 2013].
In December 2014, the museum opened the Road to Berlin portion of the Campaigns of Courage pavilion, focusing on the European theater of war. A Messerschmitt Bf 109 hangs in the building. The Road to Tokyo portion of this same pavilion, which focuses on the Pacific war, opened in 2015.{{Cite web|title = 'Road to Tokyo' brings visitors to the National WWII Museum into the war in the Pacific|url = http://www.nola.com/military/index.ssf/2015/12/road_to_tokyo_wwii_museum.html|website = NOLA.com|access-date = 2016-01-31}} The entire pavilion, including both galleries, measures 32,000 square feet.{{Cite web|title = Campaigns of Courage: Road to Berlin {{!}} The National WWII Museum|url = http://www.nationalww2museum.org/campaigns-of-courage/|website = www.nationalww2museum.org|access-date = 2015-10-14}}
In June 2017, a new exhibit, The Arsenal of Democracy, opened in the Louisiana Memorial Pavilion, dealing the experience on the Home Front.{{Cite web|title= Louisiana Memorial Pavilion|url = https://www.nationalww2museum.org/visit/museum-campus/louisiana-memorial-pavilion|website=www.nationalww2museum.org|access-date = 2017-10-13}}
The museum also contains the Liberation Pavilion. Its goal would is to explore the "joys, costs, and meaning of liberation and freedom," as well as how the legacy of World War II affects us today. {{Cite web|title = The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans: EXPANSION: Liberation Pavilion|url = http://www.nationalww2museum.org/expansion/liberation-pavilion.html|website = www.nationalww2museum.org|access-date =October 14, 2015}} The museum part of the Monuments Men and Women Museum Network, launched in 2021 by the Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art.{{Cite web|title=Monuments Men Foundation I World War II I Art Preservation I Museum Network Connections|url=https://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/museum-network-connections|access-date=|website=MonumentsMenFdn|language=en}}
Currently, the National World War II Museum has several exhibits paying tribute to the different geographical locations of the war. Beginning with The Arsenal of Democracy exhibit, the museum encourages visitors to interact with the exhibits by placing the interactive dog tag given at the entrance of the exhibits on the provided screens. Each dog tag represents a person who fought in the war or contributed in some way. Each individual followed their own path, with information about that individual only available in the geographical area that corresponds to the person's history. The other interactive museum exhibits include Road to Tokyo, Road to Berlin, The D-Day Invasion of Normandy, and the U.S. Merchant Marine Gallery.{{Cite web |title=Exhibits |url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/visit/exhibits |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans |language=en}} Each exhibit is tailored to reflect the environment of the specific area or function of the subject matter.
Tickets to the museum are available to purchase online. The prices range from $0 for children (under 5), World War II Veteran, and companion to a World War II Veteran to $20 for seniors, college students (with ID), active military, and active military spouse. The costlier admission is $27.50 for a senior (65+) to general admission of $30.00.{{Cite web |title=National WWII Museum Web Store :: Ticket Selection |url=https://ticketing.nationalww2museum.org/Webstore/shop/ViewItems.aspx?CG=Tickets&C=GA&_ga=2.67205399.781200028.1682355901-1535515210.1682355898 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=ticketing.nationalww2museum.org}} There are also various extra activities like guided tours or special exhibits that have different admission prices. Tickets can also be purchased onsite.
Visitors to the museum are encouraged to allocate roughly 2½ to 3 hours to tour the museum. Upon arriving, visitors are encouraged to wait in line to board a train. The train is a simulation exhibit that mimics the experience of soldiers going off to war. In the train, the interactive dog tag is used to determine which individual a visitor will be following. The information is provided by screens on the back of the bench seats. Once the short train journey has ended, visitors are encouraged to explore the museum in whichever way they may choose. An award-winning 4-D film, Beyond All Boundaries, is shown in the Solomon Victory Theater and gives the visitor an overview of the war on every front. Other multimedia displays are integrated into most of the museum's exhibits, notably the dozens of video oral histories conducted with veterans of the war by museum staff. The museum currently houses two restaurants, the American Sector Restaurant & Bar and the Soda Shop.
The museum sponsors a wargaming club and holds a wargame convention each year called "Heat of Battle".{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalww2museum.org/learn/educational-wwii-wargaming/index.html?|title=Explore WWII History - The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|website=The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|access-date=November 12, 2018}} The museum hosts an annual robotics challenge where teams compete using the Lego Mindstorms components. The museum also hosts a World War II-themed quiz bowl tournament, which is televised on Cox 4 New Orleans.
Relation to New Orleans
File:DDayMuseumHigginsCannons.jpg
The museum closed for three months after Hurricane Katrina ravaged New Orleans on August 29, 2005, re-opening on December 3 of that year. A museum banner promoted the re-opening by proclaiming "We Have Returned," a phrase made famous by General Douglas MacArthur regarding his eventual return to the Philippines in 1944.
As of 2015, the museum is in the midst of a $400 million capital expansion campaign{{cite web|title=The National WWII Museum Named No. 2 Museum in the World, No. 2 in the United States in 2017 TripAdvisor Travelers' Choice Awards - The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/media/press-releases/national-wwii-museum-named-no-2-museum-world-no-2-united-states-2017|access-date=November 12, 2018|website=The National WWII Museum - New Orleans|publication-date=17 November 2017}} called The Road to Victory: A Vision for Future Generations. The expansion has resulted in significant increases in attendance.[http://www.wdsu.com/news/30876072/detail.html/ National WWII Museum Sees Busiest Month Ever]{{Dead link|date=December 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, 11 April 2012. Accessed 9 May 2012. The Solomon Victory Theater, Stage Door Canteen, and American Sector restaurant opened in November 2009. The John E. Kushner Restoration Pavilion opened in June 2011.{{Cite web|last=Pope|first=John|title=National World War II Museum's restoration pavilion gives a window on the work|url=https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/arts/article_c2ace17f-1d7f-5125-acdc-bf2b6ad8e441.html|access-date=July 13, 2020|website=Nola.com|publication-date=June 1, 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.nola.com/military/index.ssf/2011/06/grand_opening_of_new_wwii_muse.html|title=Grand opening of new WWII Museum pavilion gives visitors a sneak peek|website=nola.com|access-date=November 12, 2018}}[http://www.nationalww2museum.org/expansion/ National WW II Museum published expansion plans] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524095013/http://www.nationalww2museum.org/expansion/ |date=May 24, 2011 }}, accessed June 5, 2011. The US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center opened to the public in 2013, followed by the opening of the first phase of the Campaigns of Courage pavilion in 2014. The second phase of the Campaigns of Courage Pavilion, Road to Tokyo, opened in 2015. The final project in the expansion will be the Liberation Pavilion. Initially, the intended date of completion of the expansion project was 2015, but has since been pushed back due to a series of delays causing it to be set to finish in 2022.{{Cite web|title=Liberation Pavilion|url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/visit/museum-campus-guide/liberation-pavilion|access-date=2022-02-18|website=The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans|language=en}}
Visitation at the museum continues to grow, with 406,251 in 2010{{cite web|title=Top Construction Projects 2012|url=http://www.pageturnpro.com/New-Orleans-CityBusiness/36444-Top-Construction-Projects-2012/index.html#10|publisher=New Orleans City Business|date=2012-02-24|access-date=2012-03-22}} having grown to nearly 700,000 in fiscal year 2016.
The museum helps the economy of Louisiana substantially with a total of about $132 million annually. The museum also is one of New Orleans' biggest employers. It directly supports 300 jobs and indirectly supports another 142 jobs.{{Cite web|title=The National WWII Museum Sets Visitation Records|url=https://www.nationalww2museum.org/media/press-releases/national-wwii-museum-sets-visitation-records|access-date=2022-02-18|website=The National WWII Museum {{!}} New Orleans|date=January 4, 2018 |language=en}}
Gallery
{{Gallery | File:Sherman Tank at WWII Museum in New Orleans.jpg | Sherman tank
| File:DDayMuseumEnigmaMach.jpg | Enigma machine on display
| File:DDayMuseumNordenBombsight1.jpg | Norden bombsight on display
| File:DDayMuseumHigginsPA22-21 Sept07.jpg | Higgins boat (LCVP) display
| File:DDayMuseumOnCamp30Nov07.jpg |The Louisiana Memorial Pavilion as seen from Camp St. at Andrew Higgins Dr.
| File:Entrance to the Restoration Pavillion of the National World War II Museum.jpg | Entrance to the Solomon Victory Theatre
| File:Air Raid Shelter in front of Museum.jpg |Air raid shelter in front of museum
| File:Atlantic Wall at WWII Museum.jpg |Portion of the Atlantic Wall on the museum's campus
| File:16 26 049 WWII museum.jpg|M2A1 display
| File:16 26 105 WWII museum.jpg|75 mm pack howitzer M1A1
| File:16 26 083 WWII museum.jpg|Type 94 37 mm anti-tank gun
| File:16 26 056 WWII museum.jpg|1934 Opel sedan in winter camouflage
| title=}}
=Airplanes=
{{Gallery |File:World War II Plane NOLA.jpg | Spitfire fighter plane
|File:Dauntlass 2.jpg | Dauntless dive bomber
|File:16 26 076 WWII museum.jpg|Curtiss P-40 Warhawk
|File:16 26 028 WWII museum.jpg|Vought F4U Corsair
|File:DDayMuseumC47PlaneD.jpg|A C-47 on display in the museum atrium
|File:16 120 171 WWII museum.jpg|detail of C-47
|File:B-17 at the National World War II Museum.JPG |B-17 in the US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center
}}
See also
- American Heritage Museum – Stow, Massachusetts
- Imperial War Museum – London, England
- The International Museum of World War II – Natick, Massachusetts (closed in September 2019)
- Marine Corps War Memorial – Arlington County, Virginia
- Museum of La Coupole – German-built V-2 launch site in Pas-de-Calais, France
- Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression – Beijing, China
- Museum of the Great Patriotic War, Moscow – Poklonnaya Gora, Moscow, Russia
- Museum of the Second World War – Gdańsk, Poland
- National D-Day Memorial – Bedford, Virginia
- National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War – Kyiv, Ukraine
- National Museum of the Pacific War – in home of Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz in Fredericksburg, Texas
- National World War I Museum and Memorial – Kansas City, Missouri
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum – National Mall, Washington, DC
- World War II Memorial – National Mall, Washington, DC
- Mémorial de Caen – Normandy, France
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- {{Official website}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110513055811/http://www.neworleansmuseums.com/ New Orleans Museums]
{{Authority control}}
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Category:Museums established in 2000
Category:Museums in New Orleans
Category:Military and war museums in Louisiana
Category:World War II museums in the United States