Timeline of Alexandria#21st century

{{History of Egypt}}

• 331 BC – Rhacotis renamed "Alexandria" by Alexander the Great (approximate date).
• 330 BC – Cleomenes of Naucratis appointed Governor of Egypt by Alexander, begins to turn the small village into the Capitol of Egypt.

===323–30 BC ===

Egypt's capital under Ptolemaic dynasty

• 323 BC – Alexander dies. Ptolemy I Soter appointed "Satrap" of Egypt.
• 305 BC – Ptolemy I proclaims himself king.
• 283 BC – Library of Alexandria opens (approximate date).
• 247 BC – Lighthouse of Alexandria built (approximate date).
• 170 BC – Seleucid "Emperor" Antiochus IV Epiphanes briefly conquers Egypt
• 168 BC – First Roman intervention. City briefly invaded.
• 1st century BC – Caesareum built.

• 48 BC – Julius Caesar conquers Alexandria.
• 48 BC – Great Royal Library of Alexandria burned.
• 47 BC – Siege of Alexandria.
• 47 BC – Caesar victorious.
• 44 BC – Assassination of Julius Caesar in Rome.
• 40 BC – Cleopatra VII marries Roman triumvir Mark Antony.
• 31 BC – Death of Antony and Cleopatra.
• 30 BC – Battle of Alexandria.
• 29 BC – Augustus takes city. Cornelius Gallus first prefect of Egypt.
• 25 BC – Strabo, the Greek geographer and philosopher, visits Alexandria.
• 19 AD – Germanicus resident in city.

Image:Magius Voyages et aventures detail 08 01.jpg

• 38 AD – Pogrom against Jews.
• 115 AD – City sacked during a Jewish revolt. Possible genocide.
• 122 AD – Hadrian rebuilds city.
• 175 AD – Failed revolution of Avidius Cassius.
• 176 AD – Catechetical School of Alexandria (oldest such school in the world) founded. Some records say 190 AD; see article.
• 297 AD – Pompey's Pillar built.
• 365 AD – The 365 Crete earthquake affects the Greek island of Crete with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing a destructive tsunami that affects the coasts of Libya and Egypt, especially Alexandria. Many thousands were killed.

• 391 – Theodosius I orders destruction of pagan temples.
• 395 – Roman Empire formally split in two. The official start of so-called Byzantine Empire.
• 415 – Lynching of the philosopher Hypatia by a radical Christian mob. The expulsion of the Jews from Alexandria, in 414 or 415 under the leadership of Saint Cyril. Around 100,000 Jews expelled—another Pogrom or "Alexandria Expulsion".[https://web.archive.org/web/20150905113115/http://www.research-projects.uzh.ch/p498.htm http://www.research-projects.uzh.ch/p498.htm], Cyril of Alexandria, Against Julian: Critical edition of books 1-10, page 503Alexandria in Late Antiquity: Topography and Social Conflict By Christopher Haas, JHU Press, Nov 4, 2002 - History - 520 pages, Part IV "Jewish Community"
• 619 – City besieged; Sassanid Persians in power.
• 641–642 – City besieged; Arabs in power;{{citation |title=Timelines: Egypt: AD 642 to present |encyclopedia=World Book |location=USA }} capital of Egypt relocates from Alexandria to Fustat.
• 645 – Byzantines back in power.
• 646 – Arabs back in power, following the Battle of Nikiou

• 680 – Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral rebuilt.
• 956 – Earthquake.
• 1303 – Earthquake.{{sfn|Baedeker|1911}}
• 1323 – Earthquake.{{sfn|Baedeker|1911}} The Pharos lighthouse collapses.
• 1354 – Eliyahu Hanavi Synagogue built.
• 1365 – October: City besieged by Cypriot forces.
• 1381 – Zaradel Synagogue establishedSynagogues listed here:http://www.nebidaniel.org/synagogues.php?lang=en
• 1477 – Citadel of Qaitbay established.
• 1519 – Ottoman conquest
• 1775 – El-Mursi Abul Abbas Mosque built.
• 1798 – French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte besiege and conquer what is now just a town.
• 1800 – Nadir of the city. Population: a mere 8,000.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}

• 1801
• 21 March: Battle between French and British forces.
• 17 August – 2 September: City besieged by British forces.
• 2 September: Capitulation to British.
• 1807
• 7 March - September 25: City occupied by the British forces
• 1819 – Mahmoudiyah Canal constructed.{{sfn|Homans|1859}}
• 1821 – Population: 12,528.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1829 – Dockyard and arsenal open.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
• 1833 – April: Luxor Obelisk shipped to Paris.
• 1834 – Ras el-Tin Palace construction begins.
• 1840 – Population: 60,000.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1847 – Ras el-Tin Palace built.
• 1850 – Eliyahu Hanavi Synagogue restored.
• 1853 – Azouz Synagogue rebuilt.
• 1856
• Cairo-Alexandria railway begins operating.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• Cathedral of Evangelismos dedicated.
• 1859
• Institut d'Egypte founded.{{cite journal |title=The Egyptian Geographical Society: From Foreign Laymen's Society to Indigenous Professional Association |author= Donald Malcolm Reid |journal= Poetics Today |year= 1993 |jstor=1773284 |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages=539–572 |doi=10.2307/1773284}}
• Theatre Europeen reopens.
• 1860 – Alexandria Ramleh Train Station established.
• 1862 – Theatre Zizinia built.{{Citation |publisher = Garnet Publishing |isbn = 9780863723223 |title = The Egyptian Theatre in the Nineteenth Century (1799–1882) |author = P.C. Sadgrove |date = 2007 }}
• 1861 – Cotton boom.
• 1863
• Horse-drawn trams begin operating.
• Population: 170,000.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1865 – Gas lighting introduced.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1865–1869 – New port created.
• 1872 – Population c. 200,000 (ca. 20% foreigners).
• 1873
• Breakwater built in harbour.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• Statue unveiled in Midan Muhammad Ali.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1875 – Al-Ahram newspaper begins publication.
• 1877 – One of Cleopatra's Needles shipped to London.
• 1880 – The Egyptian Gazette launched in Alexandria.
• 1880 – One of Cleopatra's Needles shipped to New York City.
• 1880 – Zaradel Synagogue restored.
• 1881 – al-Tankit wa al-Tabkit newspaper begins publication.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1882
• 11 July: Anti-European riots; city bombarded by British naval forces.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• Population: 232,626.{{sfn|Reimer|1988}}
• 1883 – Alexandria Stock Exchange founded.
• 1887 – El-Hakaneia Palace built.
• 1892
• Graeco-Roman Museum established.
• Salamlek Palace built.
• 1896 - First Cinema Projection in the city took place.

Image:Alexandria egypt.jpg

• 1901 – Green Synagogue established.
• 1902
• Electric trams begin operating.
• Victoria College founded.
• 1903 – Khedivial yacht club built.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1905 – Sea wall constructed.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1907 – Population: 332,246.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1910 – Hellenic Football Club Alexandria formed.
• 1910 – Sasson Synagogue established.
• 1914 – Al Ittihad Alexandria Club formed.
• 1917 – Population c. 460,000 (c. 20% foreigners).
• 1919 – Princess Fatma Al-Zahra palace built.
• 1920 – Castro Synagogue established.
• 1920 – Nezah Israel Synagogue established.
• 1921 – Alexandria Opera House opens.
• 1922 – Shaaré Tefila Synagogue established.
• 1925 – Scottish School for Girls founded.
• 1927 – Population c. 600,000 (ca. 17% foreigners).
• 1928 – Collège Saint Marc founded.
• 1929
• Alexandria Stadium opens.
• English Boys' School established.
• 1930 – Alexandria Aquarium opens.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
• 1932 – Al-Haramlik Palace built.
• 1934 – Corniche constructed.{{cite web |url=http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1455&order_by=title&showdescription=1 |title=Alexandria |publisher=ArchNet.org |access-date=23 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130225232050/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1455&order_by=title&showdescription=1 |archive-date=25 February 2013 }}
• 1935 – English Girls College founded.
• 1937 – Eliahou Hazan Synagogue established.
• 1938 – Publication of The Egyptian Gazette moved from Alexandria to Cairo.
• 1941 – 19 December: Conflict between Italian and British naval forces.
• 1942 – Farouk University established.
• 1947 – Population: 919,024;{{cite web |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |title=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }} (c. 11% foreigners).
• 1950 – Hassab hospital established.
• 1952 – Egyptian coup d'état.
• 1954 – 26 October: Alleged assassination attempt of Nasser during speech in Mansheya.
• 1958 – Alexandria Zoo opens.
• 1960 – Siddiq Abdul-Latif becomes mayor.
• 1964 – September: Arab League summit held.
• 1965 – Population c. 1.5 million.Der Volks-Brockhaus, Wiesbaden, 1965
• 1969 – St. Takla Haymanot's Church consecrated.
• 1974 – Population: 2,259,000.{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 }}
• 1980 – El Alamein-Alexandria highway constructed.{{citation |author1=Sweco |author2= Nordic Consulting Group |url=http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/00473227-EN-TAH-FINAL-VOL2.PDF |publisher=African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa |title=Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links |volume= 2: Description of Corridors |year=2003 |author1-link= Sweco }}
• 1986
• Ismail El-Gawsaqi becomes mayor.
• Port of Dekheila constructed.
• Royal Jewelry Museum inaugurated.
• 1990 – Senghor University founded.
• 1992 – Population: 3,380,000 (estimate).{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1990_round.htm |title=1995 Demographic Yearbook |year=1997 |author=United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=262–321 }}
• 1996 – Alexandria Institute Of Technology founded.
• 1997 – Abdel-Salam El-Mahgoub becomes mayor.
• 1999 – Swedish Institute Alexandria established.

• 2001 – Alexandria Center of Arts opens.
• 2002
• Bibliotheca Alexandrina inaugurated.
• City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
• 2003
• Harras El-Hedoud Stadium opens.
• Alexandria National Museum inaugurated.
• 2006
• Adel Labib becomes mayor.
• January–February: 2006 Africa Cup of Nations held.
• Population: 4,110,015.
• Pharos University established.
• 2007
• Borg El Arab Stadium opens.
• San Stefano Grand Plaza built.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
• 2009 – Sadat Museum inaugurated.
• 2010 – Population: 4,358,439.{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2011.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2011 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
• 2011
• Egyptian revolution
• 1 January: Bombing of Saints Church.
• 2012 – Protests against state president Mohamed Morsi.
• 2013 – January: Anti-Morsi protests.{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21191260 |title=Fatal clashes on Egypt uprising anniversary |date=25 January 2013 |publisher=BBC News }}
• 2017 – Population: 5,163,750 (urban agglomeration).{{citation |chapter=Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants |chapter-url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2018/ |title=Demographic Yearbook – 2018 |publisher=United Nations }}

• History of Alexandria
• List of mayors of Alexandria since 1960 (in French)
• Of Alexandria
• Timelines of other cities in Egypt: Cairo, Port Said
• {{illm|Timeline of Egypt|fr|Chronologie de l'Égypte}}

{{reflist|30em}}

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and the German Wikipedia.

{{Refbegin}}

{{Globalize|section|date=January 2013}}

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• {{cite book |title=Travels through Arabia |author=Carsten Niebuhr |author-link=Carsten Niebuhr |translator= Robert Heron |translator-link= Robert Heron (writer) |location= Edinburgh |publisher= R. Morison and Son |year= 1792 |chapter= Of the City of Alexandria |hdl=2027/hvd.hxj9mv?urlappend=%3Bseq=56 |chapter-url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hxj9mv?urlappend=%3Bseq=56 |via=HathiTrust

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• {{Citation |publisher = J.Duncan |location = London |title = The Modern Traveller |author = Josiah Conder |author-link=Josiah Conder (editor and author) |chapter-url =https://archive.org/stream/moderntraveller00condgoog#page/n196/mode/2up |date = 1827 |oclc = 8876014 |chapter= Topographical Description: Alexandria

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• {{Citation |publisher = J. Murray |title = Hand-book for Travellers in Egypt |author = Gardner Wilkinson |author-link=John Gardner Wilkinson |date = 1847 |oclc = 23931478 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/handbookfortrav00wilkgoog#page/n115/mode/2up |chapter=Alexandria

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• {{Citation |publisher = Harper |location = New York |author = I. Smith Homans |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xHZQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA18 |title = Cyclopedia of Commerce and Commercial Navigation |date = 1859 |edition=2nd |chapter=Alexandria

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• {{Citation |publisher = G.P. Putnam |location = New York |author = Bayard Taylor |author-link=Bayard Taylor |chapter-url = https://archive.org/stream/egypticelandinye00tayl#page/8/mode/2up |title = Egypt and Iceland in the Year 1874 |date = 1874 |chapter=Alexandria After 22 Years

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• {{cite journal |title=Egypt: Places and Cities: Alexandria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_KA_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA194 |journal=Bulletin of the Public Library of the City of Boston |year=1893 |number=94

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• {{Citation |publisher = T. Cook & Son |location = London |title = Cook's Handbook for Egypt and the Sudan |author = Ernest Alfred Wallis Budge |edition = 2nd |date = 1906 |oclc = 7434398 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/cookshandbookfor00budg#page/380/mode/2up |chapter=Alexandria

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• {{cite book |title=Guide to Egypt and the Sudan |year=1908 |edition=5th |publisher=Macmillan and Co. |location= London |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drs1AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA30 |chapter=Alexandria

}}

• {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Alexandria (Egypt) |volume= 1 |date= 1910 |last1= Cana |first1= Frank Richardson |last2= Atkinson |first2= Charles Francis |last3= Hogarth |first3= David George |author3-link= David George Hogarth | pages = 568–572 | ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
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• {{citation |title= Encyclopaedia of Islam |publisher=Brill |isbn= 9789004082656 |edition=1st |year= 1913–1936

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• {{cite book |title=Atlas historique de la ville et des ports d'Alexandrie |author=Jonet |year=1921 |location =Cairo |language= fr

}}

• {{Citation |publisher = W. Morris |location = Alexandria |author = E. M. Forster |author-link=E. M. Forster |title = Alexandria: a History and a Guide |date = 1922

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• {{cite journal |title=Colonial Bridgehead: Social and Spatial Change in Alexandria, 1850–1882 |author= Michael J. Reimer |journal= International Journal of Middle East Studies |volume= 20 |issue= 4 |pages= 531–553 |year= 1988 |jstor=163400

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• {{Cite book |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 1884964036 |title = International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa |date = 1996 |editor=Noelle Watson |location=UK |chapter=Alexandria

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;Published in 21st century

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• {{cite book|editor=Josef W. Meri|editor-link=Josef W. Meri|title=Medieval Islamic Civilization |year=2006|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-96691-7 |chapter= Alexandria

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• {{cite book|editor=Gabor Agoston|editor2=Bruce Alan Masters |title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire |year= 2009|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7 |chapter= Alexandria

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• {{cite book|author= David Abulafia|author-link= David Abulafia |title=The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean |year= 2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-975263-8 |chapter= A Tale of Four and a Half Cities, 1900–1950

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}} (about Alexandria, Jaffa, Salonika, Smyrna)

{{refend}}

{{commons category|History of Alexandria}}

• {{cite web |url= http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22query%22%3A%22Alexandria%22%2C%22default_field%22%3A%22bibjson.title%22%2C%22default_operator%22%3A%22AND%22%7D%7D%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22bibjson.year.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22bibjson.month.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A100%7D |title= (Alexandria) |work=Directory of Open Access Journals |location=UK }} (Bibliography of open access {{open access}} articles)
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• {{cite web |url= https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Alexandria+Egypt&rows=96 |title= (Alexandria) |via= Europeana }} (Images, etc.)
• {{cite web |url= http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=Alexandria+Egypt&utf8=✓ |title= (Alexandria) |via= Digital Public Library of America }} (Images, etc.)
• {{cite web |url= http://www.ilissafrica.de/en/vk/?k0=title&v0=Alexandria&c=UBFfm631&c=GIGA_swb&c=ascLeiden&c=NAI&c=IFEAS&c=ilissOLC&c=AiLiSs&c=base&c=dkg |title=(Alexandria) |publisher= Frankfurt University Library |work=Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa |location=Germany }} (Bibliography)
• {{cite web |url= http://www.connecting-africa.net/query_2.php?F9=0&S0=Alexandria&F0=0 |title=(Alexandria) |work=Connecting-Africa |publisher=African Studies Centre |location=Leiden, Netherlands }} (Bibliography)
• {{cite web |url= http://www.africabib.org/query_a.php?ti=Alexandria |title=(Alexandria) |work= AfricaBib.org }} (Bibliography)

{{Years in Egypt}}

{{Timelines of cities in Africa}}

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Alexandria

Category:Alexandria-related lists

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Alexandria