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Timeline of Christianity

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{{About|the timeline of Christianity beginning with Jesus|the timeline of the Bible|Biblical chronology|the history of Christianity|History of Christianity|the timeline of the Roman Catholic Church|Timeline of the Roman Catholic Church}}

{{See also|Chronology of Jesus}}

{{Multiple issues|

{{original research|date=July 2018}}

{{more citations needed|date=July 2018}}

}}

{{Christianity|expanded=history}}

The purpose of this timeline is to give a detailed account of Christianity from the beginning of the current era (AD) to the present. Question marks ('?') on dates indicate approximate dates.

The year one is the first year in the Christian calendar (there is no year zero), which is the calendar presently used (in unison with the Gregorian calendar) almost everywhere in the world. Traditionally, this was held to be the year Jesus was born; however, most modern scholars argue for an earlier or later date, the most agreed upon being between 6 BC and 4 BC.

Background historical timeline

{{main|Historical background of the New Testament}}

  • 6 AD Herod Archelaus deposed by Augustus; Samaria, Judea and Idumea annexed as Iudaea Province under direct Roman administration,{{cite book |author=H. H. Ben-Sasson |title=A History of the Jewish People |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1976|ISBN=0-674-39731-2 |page=246 |quote=When Archelaus was deposed from the ethnarchy in 6 CE, Judea proper, Samaria and Idumea were converted into a Roman province under the name Iudaea.}} capital at Caesarea. Quirinius became Legate (Governor) of Syria, conducted Census of Quirinius, opposed by ZealotsFlavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant18.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XVIII] (JA18), earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13 ({{Bibleverse|Luke|2:1-3|9|Luke 2:1–3}}, {{Bibleverse||Acts|5:37|9}})
  • 7–26 Brief period of peace, relatively free of revolt and bloodshed in Judea and GalileeJohn P. Meier's A Marginal Jew, v. 1, ch. 11; also H.H. Ben-Sasson, A History of the Jewish People, Harvard University Press, 1976, {{ISBN|0-674-39731-2}}, page 251: "But after the first agitation (which occurred in the wake of the first Roman census) had faded out, we no longer hear of bloodshed in Judea until the days of Pilate."
  • 9 Pharisee leader Hillel the Elder dies, temporary rise of Shammai
  • 14–37 Tiberius, Roman Emperor
  • 18–36 Caiaphas, appointed High Priest of Herod's Temple by Prefect Valerius Gratus, deposed by Syrian Legate Lucius Vitellius
  • 19 Jews, Jewish proselytes, astrologers, expelled from RomeSuetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Tiberius*.html#36 Tiberius 36];
  • [http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12816-rome#anchor2 Jewish Encyclopedia: Rome: Expelled Under Tiberius]: "The Jewish deputation which petitioned for the deposition of the royal house of the Idumeans was joined by 8,000 Jewish residents of Rome. Several Romans adopted Jewish customs, and some, as the rhetor Cilicius of Kalakte, a friend of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, even embraced Judaism (Müller, "Fragmenta Historicorum Græcorum", iii. 331). The reign of Tiberius (until the removal of his minister Sejanus) was fraught with misfortune for the Jews. When the cult of Isis was driven out of Rome (19 CE.) the Jews also were expelled, because a Roman lady who inclined toward Judaism had been deceived by Jewish swindlers. The synagogues were closed, the vessels burned, and 4,000 Jewish youths were sent upon military service to Sardinia. After the death of Sejanus (31) the emperor allowed the Jews to return.";
  • Haim Hillel Ben-Sasson (and Abraham Malamat contributor) [https://books.google.com/books?id=2kSovzudhFUC&q=Explicit+evidence&pg=PA288 A History of the Jewish People], Harvard University Press, 1976, {{ISBN|978-0674397316}}, page 288 quote: "Explicit evidence of a systematic attempt to propagate the Jewish faith in the city of Rome is found as early as 139 BCE. With the increase of the Jewish population of Rome, the Jews intensified their efforts to make converts among the Romans. Although the activity of Jewish missionaries in Roman society caused Tiberius to expel them from that city in 19 CE, they soon returned, and Jewish religious propaganda was resumed and maintained even after the destruction of the Temple. Tacitus mentions it regretfully ([https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Histories/5A*.html Histories 5.5]), and Juvenal, in his Fourteenth Satire (11. 96ff.), describes how Roman families 'degenerated' into Judaism: the fathers permitted themselves to adopt some of its customs and the sons became Jews in every respect." ... [last sentence of next paragraph:] "In addition, the Bible provided the apostles of Judaism with a literature unparalleled in any other religion."
  • 26–36 Pontius Pilate, Prefect (governor) of Iudaea, recalled to Rome by Syrian Legate Vitellius on complaints of excess violenceFlavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant18.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XVIII] (JA18) section 4.2, earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13
  • 28 or 29 John the Baptist begins his ministry in the "15th year of Tiberius" ({{Bibleverse|Luke|3:1-2|9|Luke 3:1–2}}), saying: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!" ({{Bibleverse|Matt|3:1-2|9|Matthew 3:1–2}}), a relative of Jesus ({{Bibleverse|Luke|1:36|9}}), a Nazirite ({{Bibleverse||Luke|1:15|9}}), baptized Jesus ({{Bibleverse|Mark|1:4-11|9|Mark 1:4–11}}), later arrested and beheaded by Herod Antipas ({{Bibleverse|Luke|3:19-20|9|Luke 3:19–20}}), it is possible that, according to Josephus' chronology, John was not killed until 36Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant18.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XVIII] (JA18) section 5.2, earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13{{cite web |url = http://www.sermonsfromseattle.com/series_b_beheading_of_john_the_baptist_GA.htm | title = John the Baptist and Josephus| access-date = 2006-08-16 |author= G. J. Goldberg}}

Timeline of Jesus' ministry

Jesus began his ministry after his baptism by John and during the rule of Pilate, preaching: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near" ({{Bibleverse|Matt|4:12-17|9|Matthew 4:12–17}}). While the historicity of the gospel accounts is questioned to some extent by some critical scholars and non-Christians, the traditional view states the following chronology for his ministry:

=Prophecies=

Second Coming Prophecy to fulfill the rest of Messianic prophecy such as the Resurrection of the dead, the Last Judgment, and establishment of the Kingdom of God and the Messianic Age.

Apostolic Age

{{Main|Apostolic Age}}

{{disputed|date=March 2019}}

Shortly after the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ (Nisan 14 or 15), the Jerusalem church was founded as the first Christian church with about 120 Jews and Jewish Proselytes ({{Bibleverse|Acts||1:15}}), followed by the events of

{{Hatnote|The following table is edited to be more readable}}

class="wikitable" style="align: center;"
Year

! Date

! History

! Image

37–41Crisis under Caligula is seen as the first clear conflict between Rome and the JewsH.H. Ben-Sasson, A History of the Jewish People, Harvard University Press, 1976, {{ISBN|0-674-39731-2}}, The Crisis Under Gaius Caligula, pages 254-256: "The reign of Gaius Caligula (37-41) witnessed the first open break between the Jews and the Julio-Claudian empire. Until then — if one accepts Sejanus' heyday and the trouble caused by the census after Archelaus' banishment — there was usually an atmosphere of understanding between the Jews and the empire ... These relations deteriorated seriously during Caligula's reign, and, though after his death the peace was outwardly re-established, considerable bitterness remained on both sides. ... Caligula ordered that a golden statue of himself be set up in the Temple in Jerusalem. ... Only Caligula's death, at the hands of Roman conspirators (41), prevented the outbreak of a Jewish-Roman war that might well have spread to the entire East."
Before 44Epistle of James is written by James the Great, originally in Koine Greek.File:Fülep Lajos Baja.JPG quoting James 3:17, "But the wisdom that comes from heaven is first of all pure; then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial and sincere."]]
44?Death of Saint James the Great - According to a medieval tradition, on 2th of January of the year 40 AD, the Virgin Mary appeared to James on a pillar on the bank of the Ebro River at Caesaraugusta, while he was preaching the Gospel in Spain. Following that vision, St. James returned to Judea, where he was beheaded by King Herod Agrippa I in the year 44 AD during a Passover. Herod then proceeded to arrest St. Peter (Nisan 15) ({{Bibleverse|Acts12:1-3}}).File:Peter Paul Rubens - St James the Apostle - WGA20192.jpg
44The death of Herod Agrippa I(Last king of Judea) occurred when an angel of the Lord struck him down, resulting in him being eaten by worms and dying.Flavius Josephus: [https://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant19.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XIX] (JA19), section 8.2, earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13({{BibleverseActs|12:20-23}})File:Herod Agrippa medal.svg
44–46?Theudas was beheaded by Procurator Cuspius Fadus for saying he would part the Jordan River (like Moses with the Red Sea or Joshua with the Jordan). After him, Judas the Galilean rose up at the time of the census and gathered followers; he also perished, and all who followed him were scattered.Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant20.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XX] (JA20), section 5.1 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13 ({{BibleverseActs|5:36-37}} places it before the Census of Quirinius)
45–49?Mission of Barnabas and Paul, ({{BibleverseActs|13:1-14:28}}) to Cyprus, Pisidian Antioch, Iconium, Lystra and Derbe (there they were called "gods ... in human form"), then return to Syrian Antioch: [http://www.bible.org/assets/netbible/jp1.jpg Map1]
47The Church of the East is created by Saint Thomas in the Persian Empire (modern-day Iraq and Iran)
48Council of Jerusalem (Acts 15).

Gentile Christians accepted alongside those in the Jewish tradition.

48–100Herod Agrippa II appointed King of the Jews by Claudius, seventh and last of the HerodiansFile:Herod Agrippa II medal.svg
49Claudius expelled the Jews from Rome, stating, "the Jews constantly made disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus."A. J. MAAS (2003). [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374x.htm Origin of the Name of Jesus Christ]. Retrieved January 23, 2006. Walter Bauer's et al. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, 1979, under Christos notes: "as a personal name; the Gentiles must have understood Christos in this way to them it seemed very much like Chrestos [even in pronunciation ...], a name that is found in lit."(referenced in {{Bibleverse|Acts18:2}})Suetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Claudius XXV.4; [http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=352&letter=R&search=Sejanus#1006 Jewish Encyclopedia: Rome: Expelled Under Tiberius]: "... in 49–50, in consequence of dissensions among them regarding the advent of the Messiah, they were forbidden to hold religious services. The leaders in the controversy, and many others of the Jewish citizens, left the city."File:Claudius crop.jpg
50Passover riot in Jerusalem, 20,000–30,000 killed Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant20.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XX] (JA20), section 5.3 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/war2.html Early Jewish Writings- The Wars Of The Jews] JW2.12.1 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13
50?Council of Jerusalem and the "Apostolic Decree" of {{Bibleverse|Acts15:1-35}}, same as {{BibleverseGalatians|2:1-10}}?, which is followed by the Incident at Antioch[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08537a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Judaizers] see section titled: "THE INCIDENT AT ANTIOCH" at which Paul publicly accuses Peter of "Judaizing" ({{Bibleverse-nbGalatians|2:11-21}}); see also Circumcision controversy in early Christianity
50–53?St. Paul's 2nd mission ({{BibleverseActs|15:36-18:22}}), split with Barnabas, to Phrygia, Galatia, Macedonia, Philippi, Thessalonica, Berea, Athens, Corinth, "he had his hair cut off at Cenchrea because of a vow he had taken", then return to Antioch; 1 Thessalonians, Galatians written? [http://www.bible.org/assets/netbible/jp2.jpg Map2]. Lydia of Thyatira, a seller of purple, becomes the first European Christian convertCumming, John (1998). Butler's Lives of the Saints. Collgeville, Minnesota: The Liturgical Press. p. 24 [http://bibref.hebtools.com/bibref.php?book=Acts&verse=16%3A11-15&src=1000 (Acts 16:11-15)]
51–52 or 52–53Proconsulship of Gallio according to an inscription, only fixed date in chronology of Paul[http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Pauline_Chronology.htm Pauline Chronology: His Life and Missionary Work], from [http://catholic-resources.org/ Catholic Resources] by Felix Just, S.J.
52November 21St. Thomas the Apostle lands in India.{{Cite web |title=Thomas The Apostole |url=http://stthoma.com/ |website=stthoma.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208073816/http://stthoma.com/ |archive-date=8 February 2011 |access-date=2020-05-14}}{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/more-studies-needed-at-pattanam/article4743789.ece |title=More studies needed at Pattanam |author=Staff Reporter |work=The Hindu |date=23 May 2013 |access-date=14 March 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://www.stthoma.com/ |title=About Thomas The Apostle |website=stthoma.com |access-date=14 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208073816/http://stthoma.com/ |archive-date=8 February 2011}} Establishes churches at Kodungalloor, Palayoor, Paraur, Kottakkav, Kokkamangalam, Nilakkal, Niranam and KollamFile:Rubens apostel thomas.jpg
53–57?St. Paul's 3rd mission, ({{BibleverseActs|18:23-22:30}}), to Galatia, Phrygia, Corinth, Ephesus, Macedonia, Greece, and Jerusalem where James the Just challenges him about rumor of teaching antinomianism ({{Bibleverse-nb|Acts21:21}}); he addresses a crowd in their language (most likely Aramaic); Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Philippians written? [http://www.bible.org/assets/netbible/jp3.jpg Map3]
55?"Egyptian Prophet" (allusion to Moses) and 30,000 unarmed Jews doing The Exodus reenactment massacred by Procurator Antonius Felix,Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/war2.html Early Jewish Writings- The Wars Of The Jews] JW2.13.5 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant20.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XX] (JA20), section 8.6 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13 {{Bibleverse|Acts21:38}})
58?St. Paul arrested, accused of being a revolutionary, "ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes", teaching resurrection of the dead, imprisoned in Caesarea ({{Bibleverse|Acts23-26}})
59?After St. Paul was shipwrecked on Malta, he was called a god. ({{Bibleverse|Acts28:6}})
60?St. Paul in Rome was greeted by many "brothers". Three days later, he called together the Jewish leaders, who had not received any word from Judea about him but were curious about "this sect," which was spoken against everywhere. He tried to convince them from the "law and prophets", with partial success. He said the Gentiles would listen and spent two years proclaiming the Kingdom of God and teaching "the Lord Jesus Christ"({{BibleverseActs|28:15-31|9}}); Epistle to Philemon written?
60–65The early date for the writing of the First Epistle of Peter is debated among scholars, but it is generally believed to have been written around this date. (written by Peter)
62James the Just is stoned to death for law transgression by High Priest Ananus ben Artanus. Popular opinion against this act resulted in Ananus being deposed by the new procurator Lucceius AlbinusFlavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant20.html Antiquities of the Jews - Book XX] (JA20), section 9.1 earlyjewishwritings.com, accessed 2024-11-13File:Saint James the Just.jpg
63–107?Simeon, 2nd Bishop of Jerusalem, crucified under TrajanFile:SymeonTheApostle.jpg
64–68after July 18 Great Fire of Rome; Nero blames and persecutes the Christians (or ChrestiansIn the earliest extant manuscript containing Annales 15:44, the second Medicean, the e in "Chrestianos", Chrestians, has been changed into an i; cf. Gerd Theißen, Annette Merz, Der historische Jesus: ein Lehrbuch, 2001, p. 89. The reading Christianos, Christians, is therefore doubtful.), possibly the earliest mention of Christians by that name, in Rome; see also Tacitus on Jesus; Paul beheaded? ({{BibleverseCol|1:24}},{{BibleverseEph|3:13}},{{Bibleverse|2|Tim|4:6-8|NRSV}},[http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/1clement-roberts.html 1Clem] 5:5-7), Peter crucified upside-down? ({{BibleverseJn|21:18}},{{Bibleverse|1|Pet|5:13}},[http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/tertullian11.html Tertullian's Prescription Against Heretics] chapter XXXVI,[http://ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-01/Npnf2-01-08.htm#P1497_696002 Eusebius' Church History Book III] chapter I), "...a vast multitude, were convicted, not so much of the crime of incendiarism as of hatred of the human race. And in their deaths they were made the subjects of sport; for they were wrapped in the hides of wild beasts and torn to pieces by dogs, or nailed to crosses, or set on fire, and when day declined, were burned to serve for nocturnal lights." (Annals (Tacitus) XV.44)
64/67(?)–76/79(?)Pope Linus succeeds Peter as Episcopus Romanus (Bishop of Rome)
64The Epistle to the Hebrews written by an Unknown Author
65The Q document, a hypothetical Greek text thought by many critical scholars to have been used in the writing of Matthew and Luke
66–73First Jewish–Roman War: destruction of Herod's Temple and end of Judaism according to Supersessionism; Qumran community (site of Dead Sea Scrolls found in 1947) destroyed
70(+/–10)?Gospel of Mark, written in Rome, by Peter's interpreter (1 Peter 5:13), The original ending of the gospel is believed to be lost, and additional endings were added around c. 400(Mark 16)File:Mark 16 first lines, Codex Sinaiticus.png
70?The Signs Gospel written, hypothetical Greek text used in the Gospel of John to prove Jesus is the MessiahFile:Zampieri St John Evangelist.jpg
70–100?Additional Pauline Epistles(??)
70-132The Epistle of Barnabas (Apostolic Fathers)
70–200?The Gospel of Thomas, the Jewish-Christian Gospels: the Gospel of the Ebionites, the Gospel of the Hebrews, the Gospel of the Nazarenes Will come back to edit thisFile:El Evangelio de Tomás-Gospel of Thomas- Codex II Manuscritos de Nag Hammadi-The Nag Hammadi manuscripts.png
72July 3Martyrdom of St. Thomas the Apostle at Chinnamala, Mylapore, Chennai (Tamil Nadu)
76/79(?)–88Pope Anacletus: first Greek Pope, who succeeds Linus as Episcopus Romanus (Bishop of Rome)File:Interior of Chiesa dei Gesuiti (Venice) - sacristy - Papa Cleto - 1592-1593 - by Palma il Giovane.jpg
80(+/-20)the Didache written in Koine Greek
80(+/-20)?The Gospel of Matthew, based on Mark and Q, most popular in Early ChristianityFile:POxy v0064 n4404 a 01 hires.jpg
80(+/-20)?The Gospel of Luke, based on Mark and Q, also Acts of the Apostles by same authorFile:Luke 13.29-35 and 14.10 (CBL BP I, f.15r).jpg
80(+/-20)?The Pastoral Epistles written (possible post-Pauline authorship)
88–101?Clement, fourth Bishop of Rome: wrote Letter of the Romans to the Corinthians (Apostolic Fathers)
90?Council of Jamnia of Judaism (disputed); Domitian applies the Fiscus Judaicus tax even to those who merely "lived like Jews"[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=183&letter=F&search=Fiscus%20Iudaicus Jewish Encyclopedia: Fiscus Iudaicus], [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-domitian-rolfe.html Suetonius's Domitian] XII: "Besides other taxes, that on the Jews [A tax of two drachmas a head, imposed by Titus in return for free permission to practice their religion; see Josephus, Bell. Jud. 7.6.6] was levied with the utmost rigor, and those were prosecuted who, without publicly acknowledging that faith, yet lived as Jews, as well as those who concealed their origin and did not pay the tribute levied upon their people [These may have been Christians, whom the Romans commonly assumed were Jews]. I recall being present in my youth when the person of a man ninety years old was examined before the procurator and a very crowded court, to see whether he was circumcised."
90(+/-10)?The late date for the writing of 1 Peter (associate of Peter as author)
94Testimonium Flavianum, disputed section of Jewish Antiquities by Josephus in Aramaic, translated to Koine Greek
95(+/-30)?The Gospel of John and the Epistles of John
90The Book of Revelation written, by John (son of Zebedee) and/or a disciple of his
96Nerva modifies the Fiscus Judaicus, from then on, practicing Jews must pay taxes while Christians do notWylen, Stephen M., The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction, Paulist Press (1995), {{ISBN|0-8091-3610-4}}, pp. 190–192.; Dunn, James D.G., Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, A.D. 70 to 135, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|0-8028-4498-7}}, Pp 33-34.; Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, The Romans: From Village to Empire, Oxford University Press (2004), {{ISBN|0-19-511875-8}}, p. 426.;
98–117?Ignatius, third Bishop of Antioch, fed to the lions in the Roman Colosseum, advocated the Bishop (Eph 6:1, Mag 2:1,6:1,7:1,13:2, Tr 3:1, Smy 8:1,9:1), rejected Sabbath on Saturday in favor of "The Lord's Day" (Sunday). (Mag 9.1), rejected Judaizing (Mag 10.3), first recorded use of the term catholic (Smy 8:2).
100(+/-10)?The Epistle of Jude was likely written by Jude, a doubting relative of Jesus (Mark 6:3). It was rejected by some early Christians due to its reference to the apocryphal Book of Enoch.

Ante-Nicene period

{{Main|Christianity in the ante-Nicene period}}

First Seven Ecumenical Councils

{{Main|First seven ecumenical councils}}

Constantine called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to unify Christology, also called the first great Christian council by Jerome, the first ecumenical, decreed the Original Nicene Creed, but rejected by Nontrinitarians such as Arius, Theonas, Secundus of Ptolemais, Eusebius of Nicomedia, and Theognis of Nicaea who were excommunicated, also addressed Easter controversy and passed 20 Canon laws such as Canon VII which granted special recognition to Jerusalem.

Middle Ages

{{Main|Christianity in the Middle Ages}}

Renaissance

{{Main|Medieval history of Christianity#Late Middle Ages (1300–1499)}}

{{See also|Renaissance}}

Reformation

{{See also|Reformation}}

17th century

{{See also|17th-century philosophy{{!}}Age of Reason}}

18th century

{{See also|Age of Enlightenment}}

19th century

{{See also|Industrial Revolution}}

20th century

{{Main|Christianity in the 20th century}}

21st century

{{Main|Christianity in the 21st century}}

See also

{{Portal|History|Christianity}}

Footnotes

{{Reflist|35em}}

Sources

  • Academic American Encyclopedia (on Compuserve)
  • [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03731a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Biblical Chronology]
  • English Versions of the Bible by John Berchmans Dockery O.F.M.
  • Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary
  • World Almanac and Book of Facts

External links

  • [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08344a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Jerusalem (Before A.D. 71)]
  • [http://www.christianhistoryproject.org/ Christian History Project] Online Version of the 12-Volume Popular History Series The Christians : Their First Two Thousand Years, Sponsored by the Society to Explore and Record Christian History
  • Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/ant1.html Antiquities of the Jews], earlyjewishwritings.com
  • Flavius Josephus: [http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/war1.html Early Jewish Writings- The Wars Of The Jews], earlyjewishwritings.com
  • [http://home.snu.edu/~HCULBERT/line.htm Missions time line] – Important events, locations, people and movements in World Evangelism
  • OrthodoxWiki: Timeline of Church History (from the Orthodox POV)
  • [http://saintignatiuschurch.org/timeline.html St. Ignatius Church: Timeline] (from the Orthodox POV)

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