Tropical cyclones in 2025
{{Short description|none}}
{{Tropical cyclones by year
| Track=
| First system=Dikeledi
| First date=December 30, 2024
| Last system=
| Last date=
| Strongest system= Vince
| Pressure mbar/hPa=923
| Pressure inHg=27.26
| Longest system= Dikeledi and Taliah
| Total days=19
| Total systems=33
| Named systems=20
| Fatalities=49 total
| Damages=2490
| Damagespre=>
| YearB=2024
| YearC=2025
| YearC2=25
| YearA2=26
| Five years= 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027
}}
File:Major Tropical Cyclones of 2025.png worldwide that reached at least Category 3 on the Saffir–Simpson scale during 2025, from Dikeledi in January to Errol in April. Among them, Vince (third image in the first row) is the most intense with a minimum central pressure of 923 hPa.]]
In 2025, tropical cyclones will form in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones will be named by various weather agencies when they attain maximum sustained winds of {{convert|35|knots|km/h mph|round=5}}. The strongest system this year so far is Cyclone Vince which attained a minimum barometric pressure of 923 hPa (27.26 inHg), Cyclone Jude is the deadliest system this year so far, causing at least 21 deaths in south-east Africa. Cyclone Garance is the costliest system this year so far at $940 million in damage. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the year (seven basins combined) so far, as calculated by Colorado State University (CSU), is 213.1 units overall.https://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/
Tropical cyclones are primarily monitored by ten warning centers around the world, which are designated as a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC) by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). These centers are: National Hurricane Center (NHC), Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC), Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Météo-France (MFR), Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), Papua New Guinea's National Weather Service (PNGNWS), Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), and New Zealand's MetService. Unofficial, but still notable, warning centers include the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA; albeit official within the Philippines), the United States's Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), and the Brazilian Navy Hydrographic Center.
Global atmospheric and hydrological conditions
{{Empty section|date=January 2025}}
{{clear}}
Summary
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id:NATL value:blue legend: North_Atlantic_Ocean
id:EPAC/CPAC value:green legend: East_and_Central_Pacific_Ocean
id:WPAC value:red legend: West_Pacific_Ocean
id:NIO value:orange legend: North_Indian_Ocean
id:SWIO value:purple legend: Southwest_Indian_Ocean
id:SPAC value:yellow legend: South_Pacific_Ocean
id:AUSR value:pink legend: Australian_Region
id:SATL value:black legend: South_Atlantic_Ocean
id:MED value:gray(0.99) legend: Mediterranean_Sea
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bar:Month
PlotData=
barset:Hurricane width:11 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till
from:30/12/2024 till:04/01/2025 color:AUSR
barset:break
from:06/01/2025 till:17/01/2025 color:SWIO text:"Dikeledi"
from:31/12/2024 till:02/01/2025 color:SPAC text:"02F"
from:05/01/2025 till:08/01/2025 color:SPAC text:"03F"
from:06/01/2025 till:12/01/2025 color:AUSR text:"09U"
from:09/01/2025 till:12/01/2025 color:SPAC text:"Pita"
from:13/01/2025 till:17/01/2025 color:AUSR text:"10U"
from:17/01/2025 till:22/01/2025 color:AUSR text:"Sean"
from:24/01/2025 till:31/01/2025 color:SWIO text:"Elvis"
from:28/01/2025 till:04/02/2025 color:SWIO text:"Faida"
from:29/01/2025 till:02/02/2025 color:AUSR text:"13U"
from:31/01/2025 till:04/02/2025 color:AUSR
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from:04/02/2025 till:11/02/2025 color:SWIO text:"Vince"
from:31/01/2025 till:12/02/2025 color:AUSR
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from:12/02/2025 till:18/02/2025 color:SWIO text:"Taliah"
from:31/01/2025 till:04/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"05F"
from:01/02/2025 till:04/02/2025 color:AUSR
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from:04/02/2025 till:08/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"16U/06F"
from:07/02/2025 till:11/02/2025 color:AUSR
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from:11/02/2025 till:13/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"19U/07F"
from:07/02/2025 till:16/02/2025 color:AUSR text:"Zelia"
from:11/02/2025 till:13/02/2025 color:AUSR text:"20U"
from:11/02/2025 till:17/02/2025 color:WPAC text:"TD"
barset:break
from:18/02/2025 till:26/02/2025 color:AUSR text:"Bianca"
from:19/02/2025 till:21/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"08F"
from:20/02/2025 till:09/03/2025 color:AUSR text:"Alfred"
from:22/02/2025 till:25/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"Rae"
from:24/02/2025 till:02/03/2025 color:SWIO text:"Garance"
from:24/02/2025 till:05/03/2025 color:SWIO text:"Honde"
from:24/02/2025 till:27/02/2025 color:SPAC text:"Seru"
from:05/03/2025 till:08/03/2025 color:AUSR
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from:08/03/2025 till:11/03/2025 color:SWIO text:"Ivone"
from:06/03/2025 till:16/03/2025 color:SWIO text:"Jude"
from:17/03/2025 till:22/03/2025 color:AUSR text:"25U"
from:22/03/2025 till:29/03/2025 color:AUSR
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from:29/03/2025 till:01/04/2025 color:SWIO text:"Courtney
from:25/03/2025 till:29/03/2025 color:AUSR text:"Dianne"
from:08/04/2025 till:18/04/2025 color:AUSR text:"Errol"
from:13/04/2025 till:23/04/2025 color:AUSR text:"30U"
from:14/04/2025 till:16/04/2025 color:SPAC text:"Tam"
from:20/04/2025 till:21/04/2025 color:SWIO text:"Kanto
bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas
from:30/12/2024 till:31/12/2024 text:Dec. '24
from:01/01/2025 till:31/01/2025 text:January
from:01/02/2025 till:28/02/2025 text:February
from:01/03/2025 till:31/03/2025 text:March
from:01/04/2025 till:30/04/2025 text:April
from:01/05/2025 till:31/05/2025 text:May
from:01/06/2025 till:30/06/2025 text:June
from:01/07/2025 till:31/07/2025 text:July
from:01/08/2025 till:31/08/2025 text:August
from:01/09/2025 till:30/09/2025 text:September
from:01/10/2025 till:31/10/2025 text:October
from:01/11/2025 till:30/11/2025 text:November
from:01/12/2025 till:31/12/2025 text:December
from:01/01/2026 till:15/01/2026 text:Jan. '26
TextData =
pos:(690,30)
text:"This table is based on the"
pos:(810,30)
text:"tropical cyclone basins"
= North Atlantic Ocean =
{{main|2025 Atlantic hurricane season}}
=Eastern & Central Pacific Oceans=
{{Main|2025 Pacific hurricane season}}
=Western Pacific Ocean=
{{Main|2025 Pacific typhoon season}}
=North Indian Ocean=
{{Main|2025 North Indian Ocean cyclone season}}
{{clear}}
=South-West Indian Ocean=
==January - June==
{{Main|2024–25 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season}}
=Australian Region=
==January - June==
{{Main|2024–25 Australian region cyclone season}}
=South Pacific Ocean=
==January - June==
{{Main|2024–25 South Pacific cyclone season}}
= South Atlantic Ocean =
{{Main|South Atlantic tropical cyclone}}
Systems
=January=
File:Vince 2025-02-07 0852Z.jpg]]
In January, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which allows for the formation of tropical waves, is located in the Southern Hemisphere, remaining there until May.{{cite book|last=Longshore|first=David|title=Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8kXwskQHBLoC&pg=PA115|year=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-1879-6|page=333}} This limits Northern Hemisphere cyclone formation to comparatively rare non-tropical sources.{{cite web|url=http://ams.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107%3C0812:NCSANE%3E2.0.CO;2|title=Northeasterly Cold Surges and Near-Equatorial Disturbances over the Winter MONEX Area during December 1974. Part I: Synoptic Aspects.|last1=Chang|first1=C. P.|last2=Erickson|first2=J. E.|last3=Lau|first3=K. M.|publisher=American Meteorological Society|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130117055614/http://ams.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107%3C0812:NCSANE%3E2.0.CO;2|archive-date=January 17, 2013|access-date=February 14, 2025}} In addition, the month's climate is also an important factor. In the Southern Hemisphere basins, January, at the height of the austral summer, is the most active month by cumulative number of storms since records began. Of the four Northern Hemisphere basins, none is very active in January, as the month is during the winter, but the most active basin is the Western Pacific, which occasionally sees weak tropical storms form during the month. January was unusually active, with twelve systems forming and seven storms getting named.
The month started off in the South-West Indian Ocean with Cyclone Dikeledi, which intensified into a major cyclone before it made two landfalls at Antsiranana, Madagascar and Nampula Province, Mozambique, Cyclone Elvis and Cyclone Faida also formed but was downgraded into a depression by MFR in post-storm analysis. Meanwhile, short-lived Cyclone Pita formed on January 6, affecting some islands in the South Pacific basin. Weeks later, in the Australian basin, Cyclone Sean developed on January 17. Sean rapidly intensified into a Category 3-tropical cyclone, marking it the second major tropical cyclone of the year after Dikeledi. Cyclone Taliah and Cyclone Vince formed as well, with the latter rapidly intensifying into a Very Intense Tropical Cyclone in the South-West Indian Ocean, making it the strongest cyclone this month.
=February=
File:Zelia 2025-02-13 0000Z.jpg]]
February was extremely active. It was the most active month, and one of the third-most active months in any given year on record, with twelve systems forming and seven storms getting named. A total of seven tropical cyclones reached Category 3 strength or higher, the highest number since records began in 2003.
Historically, February is normally similar to January in terms of activity, with most formations being effectively restricted to the Southern Hemisphere (with the exception of the rare Western Pacific disturbance this year). The month also tends to see more strong tropical cyclones forming compared to January, despite seeing marginally fewer overall storms, due to the monsoon being at its height in the Southern Hemisphere. In the Northern Hemisphere, February is the least active month, with no Eastern or Central Pacific tropical cyclones{{EPAC hurricane best track}} and only one Atlantic tropical cyclone having ever formed in the month. Even in the Western Pacific, February activity is low: in 2025, the month never saw a typhoon-strength storm, the first being Typhoon Higos in 2015.
The month started off active with five systems forming in January and then persisting into February: Faida, 13U, Vince, Taliah, and 05F. Cyclone Zelia formed on February 7 near the Kimberley region, and rapidly intensified into a Category 5 severe tropical cyclone six days later; it then made landfall near De Grey in Australia as a Category 4 tropical cyclone.{{cite news|last=Yoon|first=John|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/14/world/australia/tropical-cyclone-zelia.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Zelia Makes Landfall in Northwest Australia|publisher=The New York Times|date=February 14, 2025|access-date=February 15, 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215040927/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/14/world/australia/tropical-cyclone-zelia.html|archive-date=February 15, 2025|url-status=live}} Two tropical cyclones formed in the Australian region on February 20 – Bianca and Alfred – while in the South-West Indian Ocean, two cyclones also formed near Madagascar: Garance and Honde. The former eventually became an intense tropical cyclone on February 27 before making landfall in the northern part of Réunion the next day as a slightly weaker tropical cyclone.
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| + Tropical cyclones formed in February 2025
! width="5%" | Storm name ! width="15%" | Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
| 16U/06F
|February 1–8 |75 (45) |996 |None |None |None | |
|---|
| 19U/07F
|February 7–13 |75 (45) |998 |None |None | |
| Zelia
|February 7–14 |205 (125) |927 |$733 million |None | |
| 20U
|February 11–13 |{{unknown}} |{{unknown}} |None |None |None | |
| TD
|February 11–17 |55 (35) |1006 |None |None | |
| Bianca
|February 18–26 |165 (105) |958 |None |None |None | |
| 08F
|February 19–22 |65 (40) |998 |None |None |None | |
| Alfred
|February 20–March 9 |165 (105) |951 |Willis Island, South East Queensland, northeastern New South Wales |$820 million |1 | |
| Rae
|February 22–26 |110 (70) |975 |Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Tonga |None |None | |
| Garance
|February 24–March 2 |175 (110) |951 |Madagascar, Mascarene Islands |>$170 million |5 | |
| Honde
|February 24–March 5 |120 (75) |968 |Unknown |3 | |
| Seru
|February 24–27 |110 (70) |980 |None |None | |
= March =
File:Courtney 2025-03-29 1000Z.jpg]]
During March, activity tends to be lower than in preceding months. In the Southern Hemisphere, the peak of the season has normally already passed, and the monsoon has begun to weaken, decreasing cyclonic activity, however, the month often sees more intense tropical cyclones than January or February. Meanwhile, in the Northern Hemisphere basins, sea surface temperatures are still far too low to normally support tropical cyclogenesis. The exception is the Western Pacific, which usually sees its first storm, often a weak depression, at some point between January and April.
March was inactive, featuring five storms, of which four were named. Cyclone Alfred, Honde, and Garance formed in February and persisted into March. The strongest storm of the month is Cyclone Courtney. At the start of the month, Cyclone Jude caused 21 deaths in Southeastern Africa.
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| + Tropical cyclones formed in March 2025
! width="5%" | Storm name ! width="15%" | Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
| Jude
|March 6–16 |140 (85) |970 |Madagascar, Mayotte, Comoros, Mozambique |None |21 | |
|---|
| Ivone
|March 6–11 |95 (60) |981 |None |None |None | |
| 25U
|March 17–22 |85 (50) |991 |Indonesia, Christmas Islands, Cocos Islands |None |None | |
| Courtney
|March 22–31 |205 (125) |933 |None |None | |
| Dianne
|March 25–29 |95 (60) |984 |Western Australia, Northern Territory |None |None | |
=April=
File:Errol 2025-04-16 0520Z.jpg]]
The factors that begin to inhibit Southern Hemisphere cyclone formation in March are even more pronounced in April, with the average number of storms formed being hardly half that of March. However, even this limited activity exceeds the activity in the Northern Hemisphere, which is rare, with the exception of the Western Pacific basin. All Pacific typhoon seasons between 1998 and 2016 saw activity between January and April, although many of these seasons saw only weak tropical depressions. By contrast, only two Atlantic hurricane seasons during those years saw tropical cyclone formation during that period.{{Atlantic hurricane best track}} With the combination of the decreasing temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere and the still-low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, April and May tend to be the least active months worldwide for tropical cyclone formation.
So far in April, three storms have formed, two being named. The month started off in the Australian basin with the formation of Cyclone Errol, which would later become the first Category 5 equivalent cyclone of the year, and is the strongest cyclone this month so far. Following that was the formation of Tropical Low 30U. In the South Pacific basin, Cyclone Tam formed and briefly impacted Vanuatu. On 20 April, subtropical storm Kanto formed, become the first subtropical cyclone in the South-west Indian Ocean since subtropical storm Issa in April 2022.
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| + Tropical cyclones formed in April 2025
! width="5%" | Storm name ! width="15%" | Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
| Errol
|April 8–18 |185 (115) |945 |Minor |None | |
|---|
| 30U
|April 13–23 |65 (40) |998 |None |None | |
| Tam
|April 14–16 |85 (50) |986 |None |None |
| Kanto
|April 20–21 |75 (45) |993 |None |None |None | |
{{clear}}
Global effects
There are a total of seven tropical cyclone basins that tropical cyclones typically form in this table, data from all these basins are added.{{cite web |title=Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential Seven Basins |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/cyclone/data/seven.php |publisher=NOAA |access-date=20 October 2021}}
| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2|Season name ! width="250" | Areas affected ! width="65" | Systems formed ! width="65" | Named storms ! width="65"| Hurricane-force ! width="100" | Damage ! width="70" | Deaths ! width="40" | Ref. |
| colspan=2|North Atlantic Ocean{{efn|name=1-minute"|The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
|---|
| colspan=2|Eastern and Central Pacific Ocean{{efn|name=1-minute"}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| colspan=2|Western Pacific Ocean{{efn|name="onbefore"|Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 2025 are counted in the seasonal totals.}}
|Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines |1 |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| colspan=2|North Indian Ocean{{efn|name=3-minute"|The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| rowspan=2 width=100| South-West Indian Ocean
|width=130|January – June{{efn|name="onafter0101"|Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 2025 are counted in the seasonal totals.}}{{efn|name="wind gusts"|The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France, which uses wind gusts.}} |Madagascar, Mayotte, Mozambique, Comoros, Europa Island, Mascarene Islands, Île Amsterdam, Mauritius, Réunion, Agaléga, Seychelles, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Kerguelen Islands |15{{efn|name=named"|Although two systems formed in this basin, there are three named storms because after Tropical Low 08U moved into this basin, it was given a name, Dikeledi, by the MFR.}} |13{{efn|name=entered|According to the BoM, Cyclones Vince, Taliah and Courtney entered the South-West Indian ocean basin from the Australian region}} |9 |> $4.84 billion |215 | |
| July – December{{efn|name="onbefore"}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| rowspan=2| Australian region
|January – June{{efn|name="onafter0101"}} |Broome, Port Hedland, Western Australia, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Queensland, Kimberley, Pilbara, Willis Island, New South Wales, Indonesia, Northern Territory |19 |12{{efn|name=08U|According to the Bureau of Meteorology, Tropical Low 08U crossed directly into the Southwestern Indian Ocean on the evening of January 4 and was named Dikeledi three days later by Meteo France, which includes it in this category even though it was not named within the Australian region.}} |8 |$1.55 billion |2 | |
| July – December{{efn|name="onbefore"}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| rowspan=2| South Pacific Ocean
|January – June{{efn|name="onafter0101"}} |Tonga, Niue, Cook Islands, Samoa, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Norfolk Islands, New Zealand |7 |4 |2 |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| July – December{{efn|name="onbefore"}}
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| colspan=2|South Atlantic Ocean
|{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{N/A}} |{{Unknown}} |{{N/A}} | |
| colspan=2|Worldwide
!(See above) !{{#expr:0+0+1+0+5+0+19+0+7+0+0}}{{efn|name=System Counting|The sum of the number of systems in each basin will not equal the number shown as the total. This is because when systems move between basins, it creates a discrepancy in the actual number of systems.}} !{{#expr:0+0+0+0+4+0+12+0+4+0+0}} !{{#expr:0+0+0+0+3+0+8+0+2+0+0}} !$2.49 billion !38 ! |
{{Notelist}}
See also
{{portal|Tropical cyclones}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Tropical cyclones by decade/2020–present}}
{{TC year external links}}
{{Tropical cyclone season|2025}}