Type 052D destroyer
{{Short description|Class of guided missile destroyers in the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy}}
{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image | Ship image = PLANS Guiyang (DDG-119) 20200428.jpg | Ship caption = Guiyang (119) in the East China Sea }} {{Infobox ship class overview | Name = Type 052D destroyer | Builders = *Jiangnan Shipyard | Operators = {{navy|China}} | Class before = Type 052C | Class after = Type 055 destroyer | Subclasses = | Cost = | Built range = February 2012–present {{Cite web |url=http://eng.mod.gov.cn/DefenseNews/2015-12/14/content_4632673.htm |title=New missile destroyer joins South China Sea Fleet |access-date=2019-05-01 |archive-date=2016-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811134656/http://eng.mod.gov.cn/DefenseNews/2015-12/14/content_4632673.htm |url-status=dead }} | In service range = March 2014–present | In commission range = | Total ships building = 6 (August 2022){{cite news |last1=Tang |first1=Didi |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/asia/article/china-builds-six-more-destroyers-to-rival-us-navy-tdw55tt6n |title=China 'builds six more destroyers to rival US navy' |work=The Times |date=24 August 2022 |access-date=30 August 2022}} | Total ships planned = | Total ships completed = | Total ships active = 25 (August 2022) | Total ships cancelled = | Total ships lost = | Total ships retired = | Total ships preserved = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = | Ship type = Guided-missile destroyer | Ship displacement = 7,500 tons (full load){{cite book| author=Stephen Saunders |title= Jane's Fighting Ships 2015–2016 |year=2015 |publisher=IHS Janes Information Group |page= 138}} | Ship length = *Initial variant: {{convert|156|m|ftin|abbr=on}}{{cite web |url=http://news.cntv.cn/2015/12/12/VIDE1449918362808570.shtml?ptag=vsogou |title=新型导弹驱逐舰——合肥舰 |publisher=央视网 |date=2015-12-12 |access-date=2015-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222132425/http://news.cntv.cn/2015/12/12/VIDE1449918362808570.shtml?ptag=vsogou |archive-date=2015-12-22 |url-status=live}} - {{convert|157|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship beam = {{convert|17|m|ftin|abbr=on}} - {{convert|18|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = {{convert|6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship draft = | Ship power = | Ship propulsion = * CODOG | Ship speed = {{convert|30|kn|lk=in}} | Ship range = {{convert|4500|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn|abbr=on}} | Ship endurance = | Ship complement = | Ship sensors = *Type 346A multifunction 3D AESA radar
| Ship armament = *1 × 130 mm gun
| Ship armour = | Ship armor = | Ship aircraft facilities = *Hangar | Ship notes = }} |
The Type 052D destroyer (NATO/OSD reporting name: Luyang III-class destroyer){{Cite report |date=2019 |title=China Military Power: Modernizing a Force to Fight and Win |url=https://www.dia.mil/Portals/27/Documents/News/Military%20Power%20Publications/China_Military_Power_FINAL_5MB_20190103.pdf |publisher=United States Defense Intelligence Agency |page=70 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511175030/https://www.dia.mil/Portals/27/Documents/News/Military%20Power%20Publications/China_Military_Power_FINAL_5MB_20190103.pdf |archive-date=11 May 2019 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }} is a class of guided-missile destroyers in the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), and currently one of the most numerous principal surface combatant classes in service of the PLAN Surface Force.
The Type 052D is a larger variant of the Type 052C, and has flat-paneled active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar,McDevitt: page 62 The Type 052D uses a canister-type (instead of 052C's revolver-type) vertical launching system (VLS),Li: page 44 which is not limited to surface-to-air missiles, making it China's first dedicated multi-role destroyer.
Etymology
The Type 052Ds are fitted with the four-panel Type 346A (NATO reporting name: Dragon Eye) active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system. Chinese media informally calls the Type 052D the Chinese Aegis ({{lang-zh|s=中华神盾|hp=Zhōnghuá Shéndùn}}), portraying it as a peer of contemporary United States Navy ships equipped with the Aegis Combat System.Holmes: page 4 The appearance of the Type 052D, with flat-panelled radar and canister-based vertical launch system, has encouraged this informal use.
Design
=Sensors=
The Type 052D is equipped with Type 346A{{Cite report |last1=Tate |first1=Andrew |date=2017 |title=China heads for a step change in naval capabilities |url=https://www.janes.com/images/assets/621/75621/China_heads_for_a_step_change_in_naval_capabilities.pdf |publisher=Jane's 360 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713134822/http://www.janes.com/images/assets/621/75621/China_heads_for_a_step_change_in_naval_capabilities.pdf |archive-date=13 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }} AESA and Type 518 L-band radar.{{cite web |last1=Majumdar |first1=Dave |url=https://news.usni.org/2014/05/14/can-chinas-new-destroyer-find-u-s-stealth-fighters |title=Construction of China's Type 055 destroyers forges ahead |website=USNI News |date=14 May 2014 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512081024/https://news.usni.org/2014/05/14/can-chinas-new-destroyer-find-u-s-stealth-fighters |archive-date=12 May 2019 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}
The Type 052D is also equipped with both variable depth (VDS) and linear towed array sonar. The VDS is deployed through a hinged opening in the transom by a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The VDS body is a streamlined fairing fitted with Y-shaped hydrodynamic vanes for towing stability.{{Cite report |last1=Wong |first1=Kelvin |date=2017 |title=Undersea dragon: Chinese ASW capabilities advance |url=https://www.janes.com/images/assets/911/72911/Undersea_dragon_Chinese_ASW_capabilities_advance.pdf |publisher=Jane's 360 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026064743/https://www.janes.com/images/assets/911/72911/Undersea_dragon_Chinese_ASW_capabilities_advance.pdf |archive-date=26 October 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}
=Armament=
The Type 052D is the first Chinese surface combatant to use canister-based universal VLS, as opposed to the concentric type VLS carried aboard earlier vessels. 64 cells are carried, 32 forward and 32 aft. The VLS is reportedly an implementation of the GJB 5860-2006 standard.{{cite web |editor-last=Wang |editor-first=Weixing |url=http://news.inewsweek.cn/news-32022-p-3.html|title=谜一样的战舰 从052D驱逐舰看中舰艇系统 |trans-title=A Ship of Mystery: The Shipborne Systems of Type 052D |language=zh |date=4 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011231629/http://news.inewsweek.cn/news-32022-p-3.html|archive-date=2012-10-11}} The VLS may fire the extended-range variant of the HHQ-9 surface-to-air missile, YJ-18 anti-ship cruise missiles, CJ-10 land-attack cruise missiles, and CY-5 anti-submarine missiles.
The Type 052D has a {{cvt|130|mm}} main gun, and a 7-barrelled Type 730 close-in weapon system (CIWS).
=Data links=
The Type 052D may be using the joint service integrated datalink system (JSIDLS) and naval common tactical data link (NCTDL). JSIDLS is equivalent to Link 16 and was certified in June 2012. NCTDL is a next-generation two-way encrypted data link with support for electro-optic and laser pod UAVs; it replaces the older HN-900.{{cite news |last=Bussert |first=James C. |url=https://www.afcea.org/content/china-destroyer-consolidates-innovations-other-ship-advances |title=China Destroyer Consolidates Innovations, Other Ship Advances |newspaper=Afcea International |date=1 December 2013 |access-date=30 July 2020 |archive-date=12 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013412/https://www.afcea.org/content/china-destroyer-consolidates-innovations-other-ship-advances |url-status=live }}
=Propulsion=
The powerplant is a combined diesel or gas (CODOG) system with two QC-280 gas turbines and two diesel engines.
The machinery drives two shafts for a maximum speed of {{convert|30|kn|lk=in}}.
=Aviation=
The Type 052D is equipped with a hanger and landing pad and normally carries a Harbin Z-9 helicopter. {{Cite web |last=Wertheim |first=Eric |date=January 2020 |title=China’s Luyang III/Type 052D Destroyer Is a Potent Adversary |url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2020/january/chinas-luyang-iiitype-052d-destroyer-potent-adversary |website=U.S. Naval Institute}}
A stretched variant, unofficially referred to as Type 052DL, has a flight deck extended by {{convert|4|m|ftin|spell=in}}.{{cite web |last1=Tate |first1=Andrew |title=More stretched Type 052D destroyers join the PLA Navy |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/more-stretched-type-052d-destroyers-join-the-pla-navy |website=Janes |date=3 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |archive-date=10 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310043146/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/more-stretched-type-052d-destroyers-join-the-pla-navy |url-status=live }} The extended flight deck is likely intended for the Harbin Z-20 helicopter. The variant was under construction by 2016, with the first unit (Zibo) launched in 2018 and commissioned in 2020. Construction of further units to this design are continuing at the rate of three or four vessels per year.{{cite web |last1=Tate |first1=Andrew |url=https://www.janes.com/article/82100/china-launches-first-stretched-type-052d-destroyer |title=China launches first stretched Type 052D destroyer |website=Jane's 360 |date=31 July 2018 |access-date=29 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430032349/https://www.janes.com/article/82100/china-launches-first-stretched-type-052d-destroyer |archive-date=30 April 2019 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}Jane's Fighting Ships, 2023-24 Edition, ISBN 978-0-7106-3428 3, page 140.
Ships of class
The first three batches of the 052D Class totalled 30 ships. The fourth batch of 10 ships is currently under construction. {{citation needed|date=May 2024}}
Gallery
File:CNS Kunming (DDG-172) docks at a harbor on Changxing Island 2.jpg|Kunming (172) at Changxing Island
File:PLANS Xiamen (DDG-154) 20180420.jpg|Xiamen (154) on 20 April 2018
File:20170803 03 Laivastovierailu Kiina.png|Hefei (174) during a visit to Helsinki in 2017
File:Type-52D_destroyer_Zhanjiang_(165)_in_Langkawi.jpg|Zhanjiang (165) during a visit to Langkawi, Malaysia in 2023
See also
- {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer|1}}; United States
- {{sclass|Álvaro de Bazán|frigate|1}}; Australia and Spain
- {{sclass|Kolkata|destroyer|1}}; India
- {{sclass|Visakhapatnam|destroyer|1}}; India
- {{sclass|Atago|destroyer|1}}; Japan
- {{sclass|Sejong the Great|destroyer|1}}; South Korea
- {{sclass2|Horizon|destroyer|1}}; French/Italy
- Type 45 destroyer; British
- Type 055 destroyer; China
References
{{reflist|30em}}
Bibliography
{{Refbegin}}
- {{Cite report |last=Holmes |first=James R. |date=15 February 2018 |title=Fleet Design with Chinese Characteristics |url=https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Holmes_Written%20Testimony.pdf |publisher=United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-date=7 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707092509/https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Holmes_Written%20Testimony.pdf |url-status=live }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Nan |title=Why Is the Surface Fleet Gaining Importance? |url=https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-red-books/13/ |journal=CSMI Red Book |year=2017 |volume=14 |pages=43–54 |publisher=United States Naval War College |isbn=978-1-935352-45-7 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608170811/https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-red-books/13/ |url-status=live }}
- {{cite journal |last1=McDevitt |first1=Michael |title=The Modern PLA Navy Destroyer Force |url=https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-red-books/13/ |journal=CSMI Red Book |year=2017 |volume=14 |pages=55–65 |publisher=United States Naval War College |isbn=978-1-935352-45-7 |access-date=28 April 2019 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608170811/https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-red-books/13/ |url-status=live }}
{{Refend}}
{{Ship classes of the Chinese Navy}}
{{Type 052 destroyer}}