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UTF-EBCDIC

{{Short description|Character encoding for Unicode compatible with EBCDIC}}{{Infobox character encoding

| name = UTF-EBCDIC

| encodes = Unicode

| basedon = UTF-8

| by = IBM

| definitions = [https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr16/tr16-8.html Unicode Technical Report #16]

}}

UTF-EBCDIC is a character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid character code points in Unicode using 1 to 5 bytes (in contrast to a maximum of 4 for UTF-8).{{Cite web|title=UTR #16: UTF-EBCDIC|url=https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr16/tr16-8.html|quote=You need to search at most five bytes (seven bytes, if the full range of 31 bits of ISO/IEC 10646 is considered) backwards|access-date=2021-02-23|website=www.unicode.org}} It is meant to be EBCDIC-friendly, so that legacy EBCDIC applications on mainframes may process the characters without much difficulty. Its advantages for existing EBCDIC-based systems are similar to UTF-8's advantages for existing ASCII-based systems. Details on UTF-EBCDIC are defined in Unicode Technical Report #16.

To produce the UTF-EBCDIC encoded version of a series of Unicode code points, an encoding based on UTF-8 (known in the specification as UTF-8-Mod) is applied first (creating what the specification calls an I8 sequence). The main difference between this encoding and UTF-8 is that it allows Unicode code points {{tt|U+0080}} through {{tt|U+009F}} (the C1 control codes) to be represented as a single byte and therefore later mapped to corresponding EBCDIC control codes. In order to achieve this, UTF-8-Mod uses {{tt|101xxxxx}} instead of {{tt|10xxxxxx}} as the format for trailing bytes in a multi-byte sequence. As this can only hold 5 bits rather than 6, the UTF-8-Mod encoding of codepoints above {{tt|U+03FF}} are larger than the UTF-8 encoding.

The UTF-8-Mod transformation leaves the data in an ASCII-based format (for example, {{tt|U+0041}} "A" is still encoded as {{tt|0x41}}), so each byte is fed through a reversible (one-to-one) lookup table to produce the final UTF-EBCDIC encoding. For example, {{tt|0x41}} in this table maps to {{tt|0xC1}}; thus the UTF-EBCDIC encoding of {{tt|U+0041}} (Unicode's "A") is {{tt|0xC1}} (EBCDIC's "A").

UTF-EBCDIC is rarely used, even on the EBCDIC-based mainframes for which it was designed. IBM EBCDIC-based mainframe operating systems, such as z/OS, usually use UTF-16 for complete Unicode support. For example, IBM Db2, COBOL, PL/I, Java and the IBM XML toolkit support UTF-16 on IBM mainframes.

Codepage layout

There are 160 characters with single-byte encodings in UTF-EBCDIC (compared to 128 in UTF-8). As can be seen, the single-byte portion is similar to IBM-1047 instead of IBM-37 due to the location of the square brackets. CCSID 37 has [] at hex BA and BB instead of at hex AD and BD respectively.

{{chset-table-header1|UTF-EBCDIC}}
{{chset-left1|0x}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0000 NULL|NUL}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0001 START OF HEADING|SOH}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0002 START OF TEXT|STX}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0003 END OF TEXT|ETX}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009C STRING TERMINATOR|ST}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION|HT}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0086 START OF SELECTED AREA|SSA}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+007F DELETE|DEL}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0097 END OF GUARDED AREA|EPA}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008D REVERSE LINE FEED|RI}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008E SINGLE SHIFT TWO|SS2}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000B LINE TABULATION|VT}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000C FORM FEED (FF)|FF}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)|CR}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000E SHIFT OUT|SO}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000F SHIFT IN|SI}}

{{chset-left1|1x}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0010 DATA LINK ESCAPE|DLE}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0011 DEVICE CONTROL ONE|DC1}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0012 DEVICE CONTROL TWO|DC2}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0013 DEVICE CONTROL THREE|DC3}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009D OPERATING SYSTEM COMMAND|OSC}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+000A LINE FEED (LF)|LF}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0008 BACKSPACE|BS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0087 END OF SELECTED AREA|ESA}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0018 CANCEL|CAN}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0019 END OF MEDIUM|EM}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0092 PRIVATE USE TWO|PU2}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008F SINGLE SHIFT THREE|SS3}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001C INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR|FS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001D INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE|GS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001E INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO|RS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001F INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE|US}}

{{chset-left1|2x}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0080 |PAD}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0081 |HOP}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0082 BREAK PERMITTED HERE|BPH}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0083 NO BREAK HERE|NBH}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0084 |IND}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0085 NEXT LINE (NEL)|NEL}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0017 END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK|ETB}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001B ESCAPE|ESC}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0088 CHARACTER TABULATION SET|HTS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0089 CHARACTER TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION|HTJ}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008A LINE TABULATION SET|VTS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008B PARTIAL LINE FORWARD|PLD}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+008C PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD|PLU}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0005 ENQUIRY|ENQ}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0006 ACKNOWLEDGE|ACK}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0007 BELL|BEL}}

{{chset-left1|3x}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0090 DEVICE CONTROL STRING|DCS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0091 PRIVATE USE ONE|PU1}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0016 SYNCHRONOUS IDLE|SYN}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0093 SET TRANSMIT STATE|STS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0094 CANCEL CHARACTER|CCH}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0095 MESSAGE WAITING|MW}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0096 START OF GUARDED AREA|SPA}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0004 END OF TRANSMISSION|EOT}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0098 START OF STRING|SOS}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0099 |SGCI}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009A SINGLE CHARACTER INTRODUCER|SCI}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009B CONTROL SEQUENCE INTRODUCER|CSI}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0014 DEVICE CONTROL FOUR|DC4}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0015 NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE|NAK}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009E PRIVACY MESSAGE|PM}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+001A SUBSTITUTE|SUB}}

{{chset-left1|4x}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+0020 SPACE| SP }}

|{{chset-cell1|+00|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+01|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+02|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+03|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+04|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+05|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+06|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+07|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+08|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+09|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002E FULL STOP|.}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN|<}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS|(}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002B PLUS SIGN|+}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+007C VERTICAL LINE|{{pipe}}}}

{{chset-left1|5x}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0026 AMPERSAND|&}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0A|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0B|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0C|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0D|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0E|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+0F|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+10|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+11|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+12|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK|!}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0024 DOLLAR SIGN|$}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002A ASTERISK|*}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS|)}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003B SEMICOLON|;}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005E CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT|^}}

{{chset-left1|6x}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS|Plus and minus signs

}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002F SOLIDUS|/}}

|{{chset-cell1|+13|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+14|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+15|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+16|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+17|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+18|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+19|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1A|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1B|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+002C COMMA|,}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0025 PERCENT SIGN|%}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005F LOW LINE|_}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN|>}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003F QUESTION MARK|?}}

{{chset-left1|7x}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1C|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1D|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1E|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|+1F|•|style=background:#FDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0000|2|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0020|2|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0040|2|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0060|2|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0080|2|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT|`}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003A COLON|:}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0023 NUMBER SIGN|#}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0040 COMMERCIAL AT|@}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0027 APOSTROPHE|'}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+003D EQUALS SIGN|{{=}}}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0022 QUOTATION MARK|"}}

{{chset-left1|8x}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00A0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A|a}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B|b}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C|c}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D|d}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E|e}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F|f}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G|g}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H|h}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I|i}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00C0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+00E0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0100|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0120|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0140|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0160|2|style=background:#DFD}}

{{chset-left1|9x}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0180|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J|j}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K|k}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L|l}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M|m}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N|n}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O|o}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P|p}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q|q}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R|r}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+01A0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+01C0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+01E0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0200|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0220|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0240|2|style=background:#DFD}}

{{chset-left1|Ax}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0260|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+007E TILDE|~}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S|s}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T|t}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U|u}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V|v}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W|w}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X|x}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y|y}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z|z}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0280|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+02A0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+02C0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET|[}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+02E0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0300|2|style=background:#DFD}}

{{chset-left1|Bx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0320|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0340|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0360|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0380|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+03A0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+03C0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+03E0|2|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0000|3|style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0400|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0800|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0C00|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+1000|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+1400|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET|]}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+1800|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+1C00|3|style=background:#DFD}}

{{chset-left1|Cx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET|{}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A|A}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B|B}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C|C}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D|D}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E|E}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F|F}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G|G}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H|H}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I|I}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+2000|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+2400|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+2800|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+2C00|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+3000|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+3400|3|style=background:#DFD}}

{{chset-left1|Dx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET|Bracket

}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J|J}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K|K}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L|L}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M|M}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N|N}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O|O}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P|P}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q|Q}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R|R}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+3800|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+3C00|3|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+4000|4|style=background:#ADA}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+8000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+10000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+18000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Ex}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS|\}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+20000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S|S}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T|T}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U|U}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V|V}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W|W}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X|X}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y|Y}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z|Z}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+28000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+30000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+38000|4|style=background:#DFD}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+40000|5|style=background:#ADA}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+100000—U+10FFFF|5|style=background:#ADA}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|-

|{{chset-left1|Fx}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0030 DIGIT ZERO|0}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0031 DIGIT ONE|1}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0032 DIGIT TWO|2}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0033 DIGIT THREE|3}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0034 DIGIT FOUR|4}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0035 DIGIT FIVE|5}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0036 DIGIT SIX|6}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN|7}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT|8}}

|{{chset-cell1|U+0039 DIGIT NINE|9}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-cell1|||style=background:#DDD}}

|{{chset-ctrl1|U+009F APPLICATION PROGRAM COMMAND|APC}}

|}

{{legend|#DFD|Start bytes for a sequence of that many bytes. Tooltip shows the lowest code point encoded using that start byte.}}

{{legend|#ADA|Start byte where not all combinations of continuation bytes are valid, either because it is an invalid overlong form (the tooltip shows the code point of the first valid sequence), or because it encodes a code point greater than U+10FFFF.}}

{{legend|#FDD|Continuation bytes. Tooltip shows the hexadecimal value of the 5 bits they add.}}

{{legend|#DDD|Unused, including lead bytes that can only start an invalid overlong form. For example, 0x76 because even 0x76 0x73 (which maps to the UTF-8-Mod sequence 0xC2 0xBF) would merely be an overlong encoding of U+005F (properly encoded as UTF-8-Mod 0x5F, UTF-EBCDIC 0x6D).}}

{{anchor|UTFE}}Oracle UTFE

Oracle UTFE is a Unicode 3.0 UTF-8 Oracle database variation, similar to the CESU-8 variant of UTF-8, where supplementary characters are encoded as two 4-byte characters rather than a single 4- or 5-byte character. It is used only on EBCDIC platforms.{{cite book |title=Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide |author-first1=Cathy |author-last1=Baird |author-first2=Dan |author-last2=Chiba |author-first3=Winson |author-last3=Chu |author-first4=Jessica |author-last4=Fan |author-first5=Claire |author-last5=Ho |author-first6=Simon |author-last6=Law |author-first7=Geoff |author-last7=Lee |author-first8=Peter |author-last8=Linsley |author-first9=Keni |author-last9=Matsuda |author-first10=Tamzin |author-last10=Oscroft |author-first11=Shige |author-last11=Takeda |author-first12=Linus |author-last12=Tanaka |author-first13=Makoto |author-last13=Tozawa |author-first14=Barry |author-last14=Trute |author-first15=Mayumi |author-last15=Tsujimoto |author-first16=Ying |author-last16=Wu |author-first17=Michael |author-last17=Yau |author-first18=Tim |author-last18=Yu |author-first19=Chao |author-last19=Wang |author-first20=Simon |author-last20=Wong |author-first21=Weiran |author-last21=Zhang |author-first22=Lei |author-last22=Zheng |author-first23=Yan |author-last23=Zhu |author-first24=Valarie |author-last24=Moore |publisher=Oracle Corporation |edition=Release 2 (9.2) |date=2002 |orig-year=1996 |id=Oracle A96529-01 |chapter=Appendix A: Locale Data |url=https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96529.pdf |access-date=2017-02-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214190952/https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96529.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-14}}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

  • V.S. Umamaheswaran, [https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr16/ Unicode Technical Report #16: the definition of UTF-EBCDIC] (2002-04-16)

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Category:Character encoding

Category:Unicode Transformation Formats