Voting at the Eurovision Song Contest#In finals

Small, demographically-balanced juries assembled by each participating broadcaster and made up of ordinary people had been used to rank the entries and award the points from each country. After the widespread use of telephone voting in {{Escyr|1998}}, the ranking resorts to juries only in the event of a televoting malfunctions. In {{Escyr|2003}}, for example, Eircom's telephone polling system malfunctioned. Irish broadcaster RTÉ did not receive the polling results from them in time, and used the backup jury instead.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/may/30/russia.arts|title=Vote switch 'stole Tatu's Eurovision win'|last=Nick|first=Paton Walsh|date=30 May 2003|newspaper=The Guardian}} Between {{Escyr|1997}} and 2003, the first years of televoting, lines were opened to the public for only five minutes after the performance and recap of the final song. Between {{Escyr|2004}} and {{Escyr|2006}}, the lines were opened for ten minutes. From {{Escyr|2007}} to {{Escyr|2009}}, they were opened for fifteen minutes. As of {{Escyr|2025}}, the voting is open for approximately 15 to 25 minutes after the end of the last performance in the semi-finals, and analogously for approximately 25 and 40 minutes after the end of the last performance in the final; the "Rest of the World" vote additionally runs for 24 hours before each show in order to accommodate for time zone differences.{{Cite web |date= |title=How do I vote for my favourite Eurovision song? |url=https://eurovision.tv/vote |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321184302/https://eurovision.tv/vote |archive-date=2025-03-21 |access-date=2025-04-24 |publisher=EBU |language=en}} Viewers may cast up to 20 votes per show, for each phone number or payment method.{{cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Kevin |date=2025-05-18 |title=The maths behind the public votes at Eurovision 2025 |url=https://www.rte.ie/brainstorm/2025/0518/1513508-israel-eurovision-2025-ireland-public-votes/ |access-date=2025-06-07 |website= |publisher=RTÉ}}{{Cite web |last=Spence |first=Ewan |last2=Wright |first2=Sharleen |date=2025-05-20 |title=New Questions Over Voting: A Closer Look At The Eurovision 2025 Televote |url=https://escinsight.com/2025/05/20/eurovision-song-contest-basel-2025-televote-irregularities-broadcaster-question/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=ESC Insight}}

In {{Escyr|2010}}, {{Escyr|2011}}, 2024 and 2025, viewers were allowed to vote during the performances. Since the 2004 contest, the presenters will start the televoting window with an invitation: "Europe, start voting now!" was used until {{Escyr|2014}}, "Europe and Australia, start voting now!" (due to {{Esccnty|Australia|y=2015|t=Australia's debut}}) between {{Escyr|2015}} and {{Escyr|2022}}, and "Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world, start voting now!" (due to the introduction of the "Rest of the World" vote) since {{Escyr|2023}}. At the end of the voting period, the presenters will tell viewers to stop with a final countdown, along with the phrase "Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world, stop voting now!". The United Kingdom is not able to vote via SMS or the smartphone app, due to legislation implemented after the 2007 British premium-rate phone-in scandal. San Marino has never been able to use televoting because it does not have a telephone network independent of Italy's.

In the {{escyr|1956||first contest in 1956}}, only the winning song was announced at the conclusion of the event, with the results of the remaining participants unknown. Since {{escyr|1957}}, a spokesperson, appointed by each participating broadcaster, was contacted by telephone to reveal the points or votes from its country. This method continued to be used until {{escyr|1993}}, except for a few occasions in which the international juries were located in the host country and voted directly on screen. Since {{escyr|1994}}, the spokespersons have appeared on screen through a live satellite link.{{Cite web|title=Eurovision 1994 English commentary|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySqiXKfp8Lg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/ySqiXKfp8Lg |archive-date=21 December 2021 |url-status=live|access-date=4 October 2020|website=YouTube| date=19 August 2019 }}{{cbignore}}

To announce the points in the final, the contest's presenters invite each spokesperson to read the country's points in French or English. The presenters originally repeated the points in both languages, however, since 2004, the points have only been translated due to time constraints. To offset increased voting time required by a larger number of participating countries, since 2006, each spokesperson only read out the top three scores of their respective country's vote: 8, 10 and 12 points. Points from one to seven were added automatically to the scoreboard, while each spokesperson was introduced.

The scoreboard displays the number of points each country has received, and, since {{Escyr|2008}}, a progress bar indicating the number of countries which have voted. In {{Escyr|2016}}, as part of a new voting system that was being implemented, it was decided that only the 12-point mark would be read aloud, meaning that points one through eight, as well as ten, were added automatically to the scoreboard. The televoting points were combined and the presenters announced them in order, starting from the country with the lowest score and ending with the country with the highest score, from the televoting. Beginning with the {{Escyr|2019|3=2019 contest}}, the televoting points are announced by the presenters based on the juries' rankings, in reverse order.

The most-used voting system, other than the current one, was last used for the {{Escyr|1974|3=1974 contest}}. This system was used from 1957 to 1961 and from 1967 to 1969. Ten jurors in each country, each cast one vote for their favourite song. In 1969, this resulted in a four-way tie for first place, between the UK, the Netherlands, France, and Spain, with no tie-breaking procedure. A second round of voting in the event of a tie was introduced to this system in 1970.

From 1962 to 1966, a voting system similar to the current one was used. In 1962, each country awarded its top three 1, 2 and 3 points. In 1963 the top five were awarded 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 points. From 1964 to 1966, each country usually awarded its top three 1, 3, and 5 points. With the latter system, a country could choose to give points to two countries, instead of three, giving 3 to one and 6 to the other. In 1965, Belgium awarded the United Kingdom 6 points and Italy 3. Although it was possible to give one country 9 points, this never occurred.

The {{Escyr|1971}}, {{Escyr|1972}}, and {{Escyr|1973}} contests saw the jurors "in vision" for the first time. Each country was represented by two jurors: one older than 25 and one younger, with at least 10 years' difference in their ages. Each juror gave a minimum of 1 point and a maximum of 5 points to each song. In {{Escyr|1974}} the previous system of ten jurors was used. In 1975, the current system was introduced. Spokespeople were next seen on screen in {{Escyr|1994}}, with a satellite link to the venue.

The {{escyr|2004||2004 contest}} had its first semi-final, with a slight change in voting: countries which did not qualify from the semi-final would be allowed to cast points in the final. This resulted in {{esccnty|Ukraine|y=2004}}'s "Wild Dances" by Ruslana finishing first, with a record 280 points. If the voting had been conducted as it had been from 1956 to 2003, when only finalist countries could vote, {{esccnty|Serbia and Montenegro|y=2004}}'s "{{lang|sr-latn|Lane moje|i=no}}" by Željko Joksimović would have won the contest with 190 points: a 15-point lead over "Wild Dances", who would have scored 175 points. To date, non-qualifying countries are still allowed to vote in the final. In 2006, {{esccnty|Serbia and Montenegro|y=2006}} were able to vote in the semi-final and the final, despite their non-participation due to a scandal in the selection process, which resulted in {{esccnty|Macedonia|y=2006}} entering the final, instead of {{esccnty|Poland|y=2006}}.

With the introduction of two semi-finals in 2008, a new method of selecting finalists was created. The top nine songs, ranked by televote, qualified, along with one song selected by the back-up juries. This method, in most cases, meant that the tenth song in the televoting failed to qualify. This attracted some criticism, especially from {{esccnty|Macedonia}}, who had placed 10th in the televote in both years.{{cite web|url=http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/14111|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521220118/http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/14111|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 May 2009|title=FYR Macedonia threatens Eurovision withdrawal|last=Viniker|first=Barry|date=20 May 2009|publisher=ESCToday|access-date=24 January 2010}} In 2010, the 2009 final system was used, with a combination of televoting and jury points from each country used to select the semi-finalists.{{cite web|url=http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news?id=4533&_t=Exclusive%3A+Juries+also+get+50%25+stake+in+Semi-Final+result!|title=Exclusive: Juries also get 50% stake in Semi-Final result!|last=Bakker|first=Sietse|date=11 October 2009|publisher=EBU|access-date=11 October 2009}} Each participating country had a national jury, consisting of five music industry professionals, appointed by national broadcasters.{{cite web |last=Bakker |first=Sietse |date=22 January 2015 |title=EBU restores televoting window as from 2012 |url=http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news?id=37013&_t=ebu_restores_televoting_window_as_from_2012 |access-date=4 July 2011 |publisher=European Broadcasting Union}}{{cite web |url=http://www.eurovision.tv/upload/press-downloads/2015/2014-09-02_2015_ESC_rules_EN_PUBLIC_RULES.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=15 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430201605/http://www.eurovision.tv/upload/press-downloads/2015/2014-09-02_2015_ESC_rules_EN_PUBLIC_RULES.pdf |archive-date=30 April 2015 }} read 20 May 2015

{{More citations needed section|date=May 2022}}

As the number of participating countries and the voting systems have varied throughout the contest's history, it may be more relevant to compare what percentage of all points awarded in the competition each song received, computed from the published scoreboards.

The Russian entry at the 2015 contest, "A Million Voices" by Polina Gagarina, became the first song to get over 300 points without winning the contest, and the only one during the era when each country delivered only one set of points. With a new voting system introduced in 2016, Australia became the first country to get over 500 points without winning the contest. In 2017, Bulgaria became the first non-winning country to score above 600 points, as well as Portugal becoming the first country to get over 750 points{{snd}}winning the contest with the song "{{lang|pt|Amar pelos dois|i=unset}}", by Salvador Sobral.

Since the introduction of the 2016 voting system, the Swedish entry at the 2022 contest, "Hold Me Closer" by Cornelia Jakobs, holds the record for receiving the highest percentage of maximum points from the juries, receiving 222 out of 240 points (92.50%) in the second semi-final. "Stefania" by Kalush Orchestra, winner of that year's contest for Ukraine, holds the record for receiving the highest percentage of maximum points from the televoting, receiving 439 out of 468 points (93.80%) in the final.{{Cite web |title=Eurovision 2022 Results: Voting & Points |url=https://eurovisionworld.com/eurovision/2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=Eurovisionworld |language=en-gb}}

This table shows top five winning songs, by the percentage of all points cast.

This table shows top five winning songs, by the percentage of the maximum possible score, a song can achieve.

This table shows the top ten participating songs, both winning and non-winning, by the number of points received.

Under the 2013–15 voting system, Portugal would have received 17.12% of points in the 2017 contest.[https://oikotimes.com/2017/05/16/eurovision-2017-results-under-the-old-system/] {{Dead link|date=September 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}

A tie-break procedure was implemented after the {{Escyr|1969|3=1969 contest}}, in which {{esccnty|France|y=1969}}, the {{esccnty|Netherlands|y=1969}}, {{esccnty|Spain|y=1969}} and the {{esccnty|United Kingdom|y=1969}} tied for first place. With no tie-breaking system in place at the time, all four countries were declared joint winners. In protest, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Portugal did not participate {{Escyr|1970||the following year}}.

In {{Escyr|1991}}, the tie-break procedure was implemented when {{esccnty|Sweden|y=1991}} and {{esccnty|France|y=1991}} both had 146 points at the end of the voting. At the time, there was no televoting system, and the tie-break rule was slightly different. The first tie-break rule at the time concerned the number of 12 points each country received.{{cite web|url=http://www.myledbury.co.uk/eurovision/pdf/esc2002.pdf|title=Rules of the Eurovision Song Contest 2002|website=Myledbury.co.uk|access-date=14 March 2022}}{{cite web|url=http://www.myledbury.co.uk/eurovision/pdf/esc2003.pdf|title=Rules of the Eurovision Song Contest 2003|website=Myledbury.co.uk|access-date=14 March 2022}} Both Sweden and France received the maximum 12 points four times. When the number of 10-point scores was counted, Sweden, with "Fångad av en stormvind" by Carola, claimed its third victory, since it received five 10-point scores against France's two. The French entry, "Le Dernier qui a parlé..." by Amina, finished second, with the smallest-ever losing margin.

The current tie-break procedure was implemented in the {{Escyr|2016|3=2016 contest}}. In the procedure, sometimes known as a countback, if two or more countries tie, the song receiving more points from the televote is the winner. If the songs received the same number of televote points, the song that received at least one televote point, from the greatest number of countries, is the winner. If there is still a tie, a second tie-breaker counts the number of countries, who assigned twelve televote points to each entry in the tie. Tie-breaks continue with ten points, eight points, and so on until the tie is resolved. If the tie cannot be resolved after the number of countries which assigned one point to the song is equal, the song performed earlier in the running order is declared the winner. The tie-break procedure originally applied only to first place ties, or to determine a semi-final qualifier.{{cite web|url=http://www.eurovision.tv/upload/press-downloads/2015/2014-09-02_2015_ESC_rules_EN_PUBLIC_RULES.pdf|title=Public rules of the 60th Eurovision Song Contest |publisher= European Broadcasting Union |access-date=1 June 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150430201605/http://www.eurovision.tv/upload/press-downloads/2015/2014-09-02_2015_ESC_rules_EN_PUBLIC_RULES.pdf |archive-date=30 April 2015}} Since 2008, it has been applied to all places.{{cite web |url=http://www.eurovision.tv/page/history/by-year/contest?event=1469 |work=Eurovision.tv |title=Eurovision 2008 Final |access-date=20 May 2014}}

File:Eurovision nul points map.svg

As each participating country casts a series of preference votes, under the current scoring system it is rare that a song fails to receive any points at all. Such a result means that the song failed to make the top ten most popular songs in any country.

The first zero points in Eurovision were scored in 1962, under a new voting system. When a country finishes with a score of zero, it is often referred to in English-language media as nul points {{IPAc-en|ˌ|nj|uː|l|_|ˈ|p|w|ã}}{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/nul+points |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816150231/https://www.lexico.com/definition/nul_points?s=t |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 August 2021 |title=nul points |dictionary=Lexico UK English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press}} or nil points {{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|ɪ|l|_|ˈ|p|ɔɪ|n|t|s}}, albeit incorrectly. Grammatical French for "no points" is {{lang|fr|pas de points}}, {{lang|fr|zéro point}} or {{lang|fr|aucun point}}, but none of these phrases are used in the contest. Before the voting overhaul in 2016, no-point scores were not announced by the presenters. Following the change in the voting system, a country receiving no points from the public televote is simply announced as receiving "zero points".{{cite web|url=https://adriankavanagh.com/2016/05/13/2016-eurovision-final-results-estimate-or-televote-estimate-to-russia-with-love-or-going-to-a-land-down-under/|title=2016 Eurovision Final results estimate (or televote estimate!): To Russia with Love or Going to a Land Down Under?|author=Adrian Kavanagh|date=13 May 2016|access-date=15 January 2019}}

Various systems of voting were used prior to 1975.

The first time a host nation finished with no points was in the {{escyr|2015||2015 final}}, when {{esccnty|Austria|y=2015}}'s "I Am Yours" by The Makemakes scored zero. In 2003, following the {{esccnty|United Kingdom|y=2003}}'s first zero score with "Cry Baby" by Jemini,{{cite web|url=http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/nul-points-sparks-eurovision-rejig/1118912.article|title='Nul points' sparks Eurovision rejig|access-date=29 May 2003|work=Broadcast}} an online poll was held by OGAE UK to gauge public opinion about each zero-point entry's worthiness of the score. "{{lang|es|¿Quién maneja mi barca?|i=no}}" by Remedios Amaya ({{esccnty|Spain|y=1983|t=Spain 1983}}) won the poll as the song that least deserved a zero. "Lisa Mona Lisa" by Wilfried ({{esccnty|Austria|y=1988|t=Austria 1988}}) was determined as the song most deserving of a zero.{{cite web|url=http://www.sechuk.com/TheBigZeroResult.htm|title=The BIG Zero|work=sechuk.com}}

In 2012, although it scored in the combined voting, {{esccnty|France|y=2012}}'s "Echo (You and I)" by Anggun would have received no points if televoting alone had been used. In that year's first semi-final, although {{esccnty|Belgium|y=2012}}'s "Would You?" by Iris received two points in the televoting-only hypothetical results from the Albanian jury, since Albania did not use televoting. Belgium would have received no official points from televoting alone.{{cite web|url=http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news?id=eurovision_2012_split_jury-televote_results_revealed|title=Eurovision 2012 split jury-televote results revealed|work=Eurovision|access-date=18 June 2012|first=Jarmo|last=Siim}} In his book, Nul Points, Tim Moore interviews several of these performers about how their Eurovision score affected their careers.{{cite book|title=Nul Points: Amazon.co.uk: Tim Moore: 9780099492979: Books|id={{ASIN|0099492970|country=uk}}}}

Since the creation of a single semi-final in 2004{{cite web|url=http://www.myledbury.co.uk/eurovision/pdf/esc2004.pdf|title=Rules of the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest|work=European Broadcasting Union|publisher=MyLedbury}} and expansion to two semi-finals in 2008,{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625184326/http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/9327|title=Eurovision: 2 semi finals confirmed!|work=Esctoday|archive-date=25 June 2007|access-date=25 June 2007|url=http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/9327}} more than thirty countries vote in the final – even countries which have been eliminated. No points are rarer, since it requires a song to place less than tenth in every country.

|-

|{{Escyr|2009}}

|{{esc|Czech Republic|y=2009}}
Gypsy.cz
"Aven Romale"

|-

| rowspan="2" |{{Escyr|2015}}

| rowspan="2" {{N/A|}}

| {{esc|Austria|y=2015}} (host)
The Makemakes
"I Am Yours"

|-

| {{esc|Germany|y=2015}}
Ann Sophie
"Black Smoke"

|}

With the introduction of the {{Escyr|2016}} voting system in semi-finals and finals, scoring no points in either the jury vote or televote is possible. An overall score of zero has occurred only once, in the {{Escyr|2021}} final.

From {{Escyr|2023}}, only televoting is used to determine the results of the semi-finals. Since this introduction, no points from the public were scored twice in the second semi-final of the 2023 contest, and once in the first semi-final of the 2025 contest.{{efn|name="Azerbaijan2025"|Despite finishing with 7 points in the first semi-final in 2025, all of those points came from the Sammarinese jury, since San Marino does not organise a public vote}}

{{legend-inline|navajowhite|Zero points from the jury}}

{{legend-inline|paleturquoise|Zero points from the televote}}

{{legend-inline|plum|Zero points overall}}

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Czech Republic|y=2016}}
Gabriela Gunčíková
"I Stand"

|-

|rowspan="2" | {{Escyr|2017}}

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Malta|y=2017}}
Claudia Faniello
"Breathlessly"

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Austria|y=2017}}
Nathan Trent
"Running on Air"

|-

| bgcolor="navajowhite" | {{esc|San Marino|y=2017}}
Valentina Monetta and Jimmie Wilson
"Spirit of the Night"

| bgcolor="navajowhite" | {{esc|Spain|y=2017}}
Manel Navarro
"Do It for Your Lover"

|-

|{{Escyr|2018}}

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Iceland|y=2018}}
Ari Ólafsson
"Our Choice"

| {{N/A|}}

|-

|rowspan="2" | {{Escyr|2019}}

|rowspan="2" bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Austria|y=2019}}
Paenda
"Limits"

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Germany|y=2019}}
S!sters
"Sister"

|-

| bgcolor="navajowhite" | {{esc|Israel|y=2019}} (host){{Efn|Due to an error in relation to the jury points from Belarus, Israel appeared to receive 12 points (all from Belarus) during the broadcast of the 2019 final. This was corrected by the EBU three days after.{{cite web|date=22 May 2019|title=EBU Issues Statement on the 2019 Grand Final Result |url=https://eurovision.tv/story/ebu-issues-statement-on-eurovision-2019-grand-final-result |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524003358/https://eurovision.tv/story/ebu-issues-statement-on-eurovision-2019-grand-final-result |archive-date=24 May 2019 |access-date=25 May 2019|publisher=eurovision.tv}}}}
Kobi Marimi
"Home"

|-

| rowspan="4" | {{Escyr|2021}}

| rowspan="4" bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Czech Republic|y=2021}}
Benny Cristo
"Omaga"

| bgcolor="plum" | {{esc|United Kingdom|y=2021}}
James Newman
"Embers"

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Spain|y=2021}}
Blas Cantó
"Voy a quedarme"

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Germany|y=2021}}
Jendrik
"I Don't Feel Hate"

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Netherlands|y=2021}} (host)
Jeangu Macrooy
"Birth of a New Age"

|-

| rowspan="2" | {{Escyr|2022}}

| rowspan="2" bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Azerbaijan|y=2022}}
Nadir Rustamli
"Fade to Black"

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Switzerland|y=2022}}
Marius Bear
"Boys Do Cry"

|-

| bgcolor="navajowhite" | {{esc|Germany|y=2022}}
Malik Harris
"Rockstars"

|-

| rowspan="2" |{{Escyr|2023}}

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|San Marino|y=2023}}
Piqued Jacks
"Like an Animal"

| {{N/A|}}

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Romania|y=2023}}
Theodor Andrei
"D.G.T. (Off and On)"

| {{N/A|}}

|-

| {{Escyr|2024}}

| {{N/A|}}

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|United Kingdom|y=2024}}
Olly Alexander
"Dizzy"

|-

| rowspan="3" | {{Escyr|2025}}

| rowspan="3" bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Azerbaijan|y=2025}}{{efn|name="Azerbaijan2025"}}
Mamagama
"Run with U"

| bgcolor="navajowhite" | {{esc|Iceland|y=2025}}
Væb
"Róa"

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" | {{esc|Switzerland|y=2025}} (host)
Zoë Më
"Voyage"

|-

| bgcolor="paleturquoise" |{{esc|United Kingdom|y=2025}}
Remember Monday
"What the Hell Just Happened?"

|}

No entry in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest has ever received no points. Between 2005 and 2015, each contestant began with 12 points to prevent such a result.{{cite web |publisher=ESC Today |date=26 November 2005 |url=http://esctoday.com/news/read/5208 |title='Your votes please: the spokespersons' |access-date=10 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601191146/http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/5208 |archive-date=1 June 2010 }} However, there has not been a situation that the 12 points received in the beginning would have remained as the sole points.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} The closest to that was {{esccnty|Croatia|JESC|y=2014|t=Croatia in 2014}}, which ended up with 13 points after receiving a single point from {{esccnty|San Marino|JESC|y=2014}}.{{cite web|last1=Siim|first1=Jarmo|title=Extra 'country' to give points in 2012|url=http://www.junioreurovision.tv/page/blog?id=extra_country_to_give_points_in_2012|website=junioreurovision.tv|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|access-date=25 August 2016|date=15 October 2012}}

In October 2012, a new "{{Esccnty|Kids Jury|Junior}}" was introduced into the voting system. The jury consists of members aged between 10 and 15, representing each of the participating countries. A spokesperson from the jury would then announce the points 1–8, 10 and the maximum 12 as decided upon by the jury members.{{cite web|last1=Siim|first1=Jarmo|title=Extra 'country' to give points in 2012|url=http://www.junioreurovision.tv/page/blog?id=extra_country_to_give_points_in_2012|website=junioreurovision.tv|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|access-date=25 August 2016|date=15 October 2012}} In {{Escyr|2016|JESC}}, the Kids Jury was removed, and instead each country awarded 1–8, 10 and 12 points from both adult and kid's juries, also eliminating televoting from the contest.{{cite web|last1=Jordan|first1=Paul|title=Format changes for the Junior Eurovision 2016|url=http://www.junioreurovision.tv/page/blog?id=format_changes_for_the_junior_eurovision_2016|website=junioreurovision.tv|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|access-date=17 May 2016|date=13 May 2016}} An expert panel was present at the 2016 contest, with each of the panelists being able to award 1–8, 10 and 12 points themselves.{{cite web|last1=Jordan|first1=Paul|title=Jedward to appear at Junior Eurovision 2016!|url=http://www.junioreurovision.tv/page/blog?id=jedward_to_appear_at_junior_eurovision_2016|website=junioreurovision.tv|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|access-date=17 May 2016|date=13 May 2016}} Since the {{Escyr|2017|JESC}} contest, viewers worldwide have been allowed to vote online.

In {{Escyr|2018|JESC}}, {{esccnty|Portugal|JESC|y=2018}} and {{esccnty|Wales|JESC|y=2018}} received no points in the jury voting.{{cite web|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|title=Junior Eurovision Song Contest: Minsk 2018 - detailed voting results|url=https://junioreurovision.tv/event/minsk-2018/final/results|website=junioreurovision.tv|access-date=25 May 2021|date=26 November 2018}} In {{Escyr|2019|JESC}}, Portugal again received no points in the jury voting.{{cite web|publisher=European Broadcasting Union|title=Junior Eurovision Song Contest: Gliwice-Silesia 2019 - detailed voting results|url=https://junioreurovision.tv/event/gliwice-silesia/gliwice-silesia-2019/results|website=junioreurovision.tv|access-date=25 May 2021|date=25 November 2019}}

{{legend-inline|navajowhite|Zero points from the jury}}

Although statistical analysis of the results from 2001 to 2005 suggests regional bloc voting,{{cite journal |last=Gatherer |first=Derek |date=2006 |title=Comparison of Eurovision Song Contest Simulation with Actual Results Reveals Shifting Patterns of Collusive Voting Alliances |url=http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/9/2/1.html |journal=Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=1–6 |access-date=14 May 2007}} it is debatable how much in each case is due to ethnic diaspora voting, a sense of ethnic kinship, political alliances or a tendency for culturally-close countries to have similar musical tastes.{{cite journal |last1=Ginsburgh |first1=Victor |last2=Noury |first2=Abdul G. |title=The Eurovision Song Contest. Is voting political or cultural? |journal=European Journal of Political Economy |date=March 2008 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=41–52 |doi=10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2007.05.004 |url=https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/7746/1/Eurovision-reprint.pdf }} Several countries can be categorised as voting blocs, which regularly award one another high points. The most common examples are {{esccnty|Cyprus}} and {{esccnty|Greece}}, {{esccnty|Moldova}} and {{esccnty|Romania}}, {{esccnty|Montenegro}} and {{esccnty|Serbia}}, and the Nordic countries.

It is still common for countries to award points to their neighbours regularly, even if they are not part of a voting bloc. For example, {{esccnty|Finland}} and {{esccnty|Estonia}} or {{esccnty|Germany}} and {{esccnty|Poland}}, Greece and {{esccnty|Albania}} or {{esccnty|Armenia}} and Russia. Points may also be based on a diaspora: Greece, {{esccnty|Turkey}}, {{esccnty|Poland}}, Lithuania, Russia and the former {{esccnty|Yugoslavia|t=Yugoslav}} countries normally get high scores from Germany or the United Kingdom, Armenia gets points from {{esccnty|France}} and {{esccnty|Belgium}}, Poland from {{esccnty|Ireland}}, Romania from {{esccnty|Spain}} and {{esccnty|Italy}}, and Albania from {{esccnty|Switzerland}}, Italy and {{esccnty|San Marino}}. Former Eurovision TV director Bjørn Erichsen disagreed with the assertion that regional bloc voting significantly affects the contest's outcome, saying that Russia's first victory in 2008 was only possible with points from thirty-eight of the participating countries.{{cite web |last=Bakker |first=Sietse |date=2 June 2008 |title=Eurovision TV Director Responds to Allegations on Voting |url=http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news/belgrade-2008?id=1135 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513000930/http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news/belgrade-2008?id=1135 |archive-date=13 May 2014 |website=Eurovision Song Contest |location=Le Grand-Saconnex |publisher=European Broadcasting Union |access-date=23 May 2010}}

A 2017 study{{cite journal |last1=Mantzaris |first1=Alexander V. |last2=Rein |first2=Samuel R. |last3=Hopkins |first3=Alexander D. |title=Examining Collusion and Voting Biases Between Countries During the Eurovision Song Contest Since 1957 |journal=Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation |date=2018 |volume=21 |issue=1 |doi=10.18564/jasss.3580 |arxiv=1705.06721 }} made a complete analysis of the competition from 1957 until 2017. The voting patterns change and the previous studies restrained their analysis to a particular time window where the voting scheme is homogeneous. This approach allows the sampling comparison over arbitrary periods consistent with the unbiased assumption of voting patterns. This methodology also allows for a sliding time window to accumulate a degree of collusion over the years, producing a weighted network. The previous results are supported and the changes over time provide insight into the collusive behaviours given more or less choice.

• Kids Jury in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest
• Rules of the Eurovision Song Contest

{{Noteslist}}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Eurovision years}}

Category:Eurovision Song Contest

Eurovision