World Abilitysport Games#History
{{Short description|Parasports competition}}{{Infobox sports league
| title = World Abilitysport Games
| last_season =
| logo =
| sport = Parasports
| formerly = {{ubl
|International Stoke Mandeville Games (1952–1995)
|World Wheelchair Games (1997–2003)
|World Wheelchair and Amputee Games (2005–2007)
|IWAS World Games (2009–2022)
}}
| founded = 1948
| teams =
| continent = International (IPC)
| champion =
}}
The World Abilitysport Games (known as the IWAS World Games before 2023) are a parasports multi-sport event for athletes who use wheelchairs or are amputees. Organized by World Abilitysport (formerly IWAS), the Games are a successor to the original Stoke Mandeville Games founded in 1948 by Ludwig Guttmann, and specifically the International Stoke Mandeville Games—the first international sporting competition for athletes with disabilities which was held in 1952, itself an Olympic year, between British and Dutch athletes and which ultimately was the forerunner to the modern Paralympic Games.
The 1960, 1964, 1968, and 1972 editions of the International Stoke Mandeville Games were held in the same host country as the Summer Olympics; they were retroactively recognized by the International Olympic Committee as the first four Summer Paralympic Games. The event continued to be held annually, as simply the International Stoke Mandeville Games, in between Paralympic years.
After the Paralympics expanded to include events for disability classifications other than wheelchairs, the ISMG for wheelchair athletes continued to be hosted annually in Stoke Mandeville, and later other countries, in all non-Paralympic years.
In 2024 the previous IWAS merged with the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) to form World Abilitysport and the IWAS World Games were once more renamed World Abilitysport Games accordingly.
A separate event to be known as the Guttmann Games for events and disciplines not yet on the Paralympic Game schedules, organised by World Abilitysport, has been planned for 2024.
History
The event was first established in 1948 as the Stoke Mandeville Games by neurologist Ludwig Guttmann, who organized a sporting competition involving World War II veterans with spinal cord injuries at the Stoke Mandeville Hospital rehabilitation facility in Aylesbury, England, taking place concurrently with the first post-war Olympic Games in London. In 1952, the Netherlands joined in the event, creating the first international sports competition for athletes with a disability, after which it was renamed the International Stoke Mandeville Games.{{cite book |last1=Vanlandewijck |first1=Yves |url=https://archive.org/details/paralympicathlet00vanl |title=The Paralympic Athlete : Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science |date=2011 |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location=Chichester, West Sussex |pages=[https://archive.org/details/paralympicathlet00vanl/page/n19 3]–30 |url-access=limited}}
In 1960 and subsequent Olympic years, the ISMG began to increasingly be hosted in the same country (if not the same host city) as their respective Olympics, with all other editions remaining in Stoke Mandeville. The Games were also increasingly referred to as "Paralympics", originally in reference to paraplegia, but later officially referring to an event operating in parallel with the Olympic movement. While the Paralympic Games expanded to include athletes from all disability groups beginning in 1976, the Stoke Mandeville Games continued to be organized as a multi-sport event for wheelchair athletes in non-Paralympic years. Games were held annually in Aylesbury under the direction of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF), which later became the International Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Sports Federation (ISMWSF).
In 2003, the Games were combined with a competition for amputee athletes organized by the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD). In 2004, ISMWSF and ISOD merged to create the International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS). The Games were subsequently renamed the "World Wheelchair and Amputee Games" in 2005, and later renamed to simply the "IWAS World Games".
In 2024, IWAS merged with the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) to form World Abilitysport.
Games by year
File:Dan Hadani collection (990044357180205171).jpgi delegation to the games, 1969|Israeli delegation to the games, 1969]]
The inaugural competition, initially named "Stoke Mandeville Games for the Paralyzed" in 1948, was just named "Stoke Mandeville Games" the next year, before becoming the "International Stoke Mandeville Games" (ISMG) in 1952.
Beginning in 1960 during Summer Olympic years, the ISMG were held in the same host city as the Summer Olympics. These particular editions of the Games were retroactively recognised as being the first four Paralympic Games. The Games were otherwise hosted in Stoke Mandeville in all other years. Beginning in 1976, the Paralympic Games began hosting events for amputees and the visually impaired; at this point, the Paralympics were no longer credited as being editions of the ISMG, but the ISMG went on hiatus during Paralympic years.
IWAS Under 23 World Games (IWAS Junior World Games)
For some years now, the IWAS Federation has hosted junior competitions, which were named IWAS World Junior Games by 2015. Since 2016 they are called IWAS Under 23 World Games and will only be played in years with even numbers.[http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/iwas-news1/iwas-announces-a-new-look-for-their-iwas-games-programme1/ IWAS announces a new look for their IWAS Games programme]{{Dead link|date=April 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, auf: iwasf.com, retrieved 9 September 2016.
| class="wikitable zebra" style="background:#F5FAFF" |
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!scope="col" style="width:1em"| No. !scope="col" style="width:1.5em"| Year !scope="col" style="width:6em"| Dates !scope="col" style="width:18em"| Host City !scope="col" style="width:16em"| Venue !scope="col"| Events !scope="col" style="width:7em"| Results List |
| align="center"|1
|2005 |6–7 July |{{flagicon|GBR}} Stoke Mandeville, United Kingdom | |align="center"| |[https://web.archive.org/web/20160916003225/http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/8.pdf Result list] |
| align="center"|2
|2006 |14–16 July |{{flagicon|IRL}} Dublin, Ireland | |align="center"| |[http://www.team-thomas.org/res06/DUBLIN3.HTM Result list] |
| align="center"|3
|2007 |4–6 April |{{flagicon|RSA}} Ekurhuleni, South Africa |Germiston Sports Precinct |align="center"| |[http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/10.htm Result list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916003228/http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/10.htm |date=2016-09-16 }} |
| align="center"|4
|2008 |18–27 July |{{flagicon|USA}} Piscataway, New Jersey, United States | |align="center"| |[http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/11.pdf Results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916003229/http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/11.pdf |date=2016-09-16 }} |
| align="center"|5
|2009 |16–19 July |{{flagicon|SUI}} Nottwil, Switzerland |SPZ Nottwil |align="center"| |[https://web.archive.org/web/20160507200011/http://www.rollstuhlsportevents.ch/__/frontend/handler/document.php?id=216&type=42 Result list] |
| align="center"|6
|2010 |19–26 August |{{flagicon|CZE}} Olomouc, Czech Republic | |align="center"| |[http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/assets/File/Junior_Games/JG_2010/results_athletics_complete.pdf Results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917200713/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/assets/File/Junior_Games/JG_2010/results_athletics_complete.pdf |date=2018-09-17 }} |
| align="center"|7
|2011 |14–21 April |{{flagicon|UAE}} Dubai, United Arab Emirates | |align="center"| |[http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/assets/File/Junior_Games/2011-4-22%20ResultsJuniors_complete.pdf Result List]{{Dead link|date=July 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |
| align="center"|8
|2012 |19–21 July |{{flagicon|CZE}} Olomouc, Czech Republic | |align="center"| |[https://web.archive.org/web/20160916121445/http://www.jobosport.nl/userfiles/documents/21.pdf Results] |
| align="center"|9
|2013 |14–21 August |{{flagicon|PUR}} Mayaguez, Puerto Rico |Central American Stadium |align="center"| |[http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/assets/File/Junior_Games/2013/WJG13%20Ath%20Results.pdf Ergebnisliste]{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |
| align="center"|10
|2014 |3–7 August |{{flagicon|GBR}} Stoke Mandeville, United Kingdom | |align="center"| |[http://games.iwasf.com/games/index.cfm/results/ Results] |
| align="center"|11
|2015 |2–8 July |{{flagicon|NED}} Stadskanaal, Netherlands |Sportpark Stadskanaal |align="center"| |[https://web.archive.org/web/20170728181111/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/assets/File/Junior_Games/JG_2015/Athletics%20Results.pdf Ergebnisliste] |
| align="center"|12
|2016 |29 June–3 July |{{flagicon|CZE}} Prague, Czech Republic | |align="center"| |[http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/games/iwas-world-junior-games1/2016-czech-republic-prague11/ Results]{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |
- http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/games/iwas-world-junior-games1111/past-games111/
World Abilitysport Guttmann Games
{{Update|section|date=November 2024}}
In 2024, World Abilitysport announced its inaugural World Abilitysport Guttmann Games. Named after the founder of the Stoke Mandeville Games, the event will take place in Stoke Mandeville in July 2024, and feature competition in sports not on the Paralympic programme. It is scheduled to feature para dance sport and power hockey competitions, as well as wheelchair cricket as a demonstration sport.{{Cite web |date=2024-01-11 |title=Inaugural World Abilitysport Guttmann Games Details Announced - World Abilitysport |url=https://worldabilitysport.org/news/inaugural-world-abilitysport-guttmann-games-details-announced/ |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=worldabilitysport.org |language=en-GB}} The event will be broadly analogous to the World Games, a similar multi-sport event for non-Olympic sports and disciplines.
See also
References
{{reflist|2}}
External links
- [https://archive.today/20121216142613/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/about-iwas/history/paralympic-games-1960-1992/ Summer Games Governance 1960 to 1992], IWAS
- [https://archive.today/20130103181558/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/games/iwas-world-games/ IWAS World Games] from the International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS) website
- [https://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2008/07/04/paralympics_sixty_feature.shtml "2012 – The Paralympics come home"], BBC, July 4, 2008. A look back at the origins of the Stoke Mandeville Games.
{{Multi-sport events}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:World Abilitysport Games}}
Category:Disabled multi-sport events