Yield sign
{{Short description|Traffic sign}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{redirect|Give Way|the Pearl Jam album|Give Way (album)}}
{{For|the "yield" symbol in chemical equations|Chemical equation#Common symbols}}
In road transport, a yield or give way sign indicates that merging drivers must prepare to stop if necessary to let a driver on another approach proceed. A driver who stops or slows down to let another vehicle through has yielded the right of way to that vehicle. In contrast, a stop sign requires each driver to stop completely before proceeding, whether or not other traffic is present. Under the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, the international standard for the modern sign is an inverted equilateral triangle with a red border and either a white or yellow background. Particular regulations regarding appearance, installation, and compliance with the signs vary by some jurisdiction.
Terminology
While give way and yield essentially have the same meaning in this context, many countries have a clear preference of one term over the other. The following table lists which countries and territories use which term. This chart is based on official government usage in the English language and excludes indirect translations from other languages.
=Areas where ''give way'' is used=
{{columns-list|colwidth=13em|
- {{flag|Anguilla}}
- {{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
- {{flag|Australia}}
- {{flag|The Bahamas}}
- {{flag|Bahrain}}
- {{flag|Bangladesh}}
- {{flag|Barbados}}
- {{flag|Bermuda}}
- {{flag|Bhutan}}
- {{flag|Brunei}}
- {{flag|Cayman Islands}}
- {{flag|Cyprus}}
- {{flag|Dominica}}
- {{flag|Egypt}}
- {{flag|Falkland Islands}}
- {{flag|Fiji}}
- {{flag|The Gambia}}
- {{flag|Ghana}}
- {{flag|Gibraltar}}
- {{flag|Grenada}}
- {{flag|Guernsey}}
- {{flag|Guyana}}
- {{flag|Hong Kong SAR}}
- {{flag|India}}
- {{flag|Isle of Man}}
- {{flag|Israel}}
- {{flag|Jamaica}}
- {{flag|Jersey}}
- {{flag|Jordan}}
- {{flag|Kenya}}
- {{flag|Kiribati}}
- {{flag|Kuwait}}
- {{flag|Malawi}}
- {{flag|Malaysia}}
- {{flag|Maldives}}
- {{flag|Malta}}
- {{flag|Mauritius}}
- {{flag|Montserrat}}
- {{flag|Nauru}}
- {{flag|Nepal}}
- {{flag|New Zealand}}
- {{flag|Nigeria}}
- {{flag|Pakistan}}
- {{flag|Papua New Guinea}}
- {{flag|Philippines}}
- {{flag|Qatar}}
- {{flag|Rwanda}}
- {{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
- {{flag|Saint Lucia}}
- {{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
- {{flag|Samoa}}
- {{flag|Seychelles}}
- {{flag|Singapore}}
- {{flag|Solomon Islands}}
- {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
- {{flag|Tanzania}}
- {{flag|Thailand}}
- {{flag|Tonga}}
- {{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
- {{flag|Turks and Caicos}}
- {{flag|Tuvalu}}
- {{flag|Uganda}}
- {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
- {{flag|United Kingdom}}
- {{flag|Vanuatu}}
- {{flag|Zambia}}
- {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
}}
=Areas where ''yield'' is used=
{{columns-list|colwidth=13em|
- {{flag|Belize}}
- {{flag|British Virgin Islands}}
- {{flag|Canada}}
- {{flag|Guam}}
- {{flag|Iran}}
- {{flag|Ireland}}
- {{flag|Liberia}}
- {{flag|Marshall Islands}}
- {{flag|Namibia}}
- {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}
- {{flag|Palau}}
- {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
- {{flag|Sierra Leone}}
- {{flag|South Africa}}
- {{flag|South Korea}}
- {{flag|Taiwan}}
- {{flag|United States}}
- {{flag|United States Virgin Islands}}
}}
History
File:Czechoslovakia 1938 road sign - Give Way.svg
A black triangle (within the standard down-arrow-shape of stop signs) was a symbol of "stop for all vehicles" from about 1925 in Germany. The triangular yield sign was used as early as 1937, when it was introduced in Denmark in red and white (matching the Danish flag),Bekendtgørelse om Hovedfærdselsaarer, 27. marts 1937, Denmark in 1938 when it was codified in Czechoslovakia in a blue-white variant without words,Government ordinance No. 100/1938 Sb. n. a z., Czechoslovakia and in 1939 in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia which adopted the current red-white variant.Government ordinance No. č. 242/1939 Sb. (Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia)
In the United States, the first yield sign was erected in 1950 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, designed by Tulsa police officer Clinton Riggs;{{Cite news |date=25 May 1997 |title=Inventor of 'Yield' Sign Dies At 86 |work=The Spokesman-Review |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/may/25/inventor-of-yield-sign-dies-at-86/ |access-date=29 April 2022}}{{Cite news |date=13 February 2019 |title=Yield Sign Invented by Tulsa Police Captain in 1950s |work=KJRH – 2 News Oklahoma |url=https://www.kjrh.com/news/local-news/yield-sign-invented-by-tulsa-police-captain-in-1950s |access-date=29 April 2022}} Riggs invented only the sign, not the rule, which was already in place.{{cite web
|url=http://www.roadtrafficsigns.com/a-brief-history-of-the-yield-sign
|title=A Brief History of Yield Signs
|website=Road Traffic Signs
|access-date=26 June 2012}} Riggs' original design was shaped like a keystone; later versions bore the shape of an inverted equilateral triangle in common use today. The inverted equilateral triangle was then adopted by the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals as the international standard.
Country specifics
=Australia=
In Australia, the Give Way sign evolved similarly to its counterpart in the United States. During the 1940s and 1950s, the sign was a yellow circle. In 1960, the sign changed to a red triangle. In the 1980s, the sign adopted its modern design and gained a counterpart for use at roundabouts.
Image:Early Australian road sign - Give Way.svg|Original design (1940's–1960)
Image:Australia R1-2 (old).svg|Second version (1960–1974)
Image:Australia road sign R1-2.svg|Modern design since 1974
=Ireland=
In Ireland, the yield sign reads {{smallcaps|yield}} in most areas, although in Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking) areas the text is {{lang|ga|{{smallcaps|géill slí}}|italic=no}} ("yield right of way"{{cite web|url=http://www.teanglann.ie/en/fgb/g%C3%A9ill|title=géill|last=Ó Dónaill|first=Niall|work=Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla|access-date=7 June 2016}}) instead.{{Cite book |last=Road Safety Authority |url=https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/default-document-library/rotr-2022.pdf |title=Rules of the Road |publisher=Road Safety Authority |page=69}}{{cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/181/made/en/print|title=S.I. No. 181/1997 – Road Traffic (Signs) Regulations, 1997.|page=Section 8 (1); and Fourth Schedule, note 4 |no-pp=y|work=Irish Statute Book|access-date=7 June 2016}} Signs erected from 1962 until 1997 read {{smallcaps|yield right of way}},{{cite web|url=http://opac.oireachtas.ie/AWData/Library3/Library2/DL008993.pdf#page=27 |format=PDF|title=S.I. No. 171/1962 – Road Traffic (Signs) Regulations, 1962.|author=Department of Local Government|work=Official Publications |series=Pr.6772|publisher=Stationery Office|pages=7 (Section 5) and 27 (First Schedule, Part III, Section A)|access-date=7 June 2016|location=Dublin}} which remains legally permitted. Signs 1956–1962 had a blank white interior.{{cite web|url=http://opac.oireachtas.ie/AWData/Library3/Library2/DL008335.pdf#page=35 |format=PDF|title=S.I. No. 284/1956 – Traffic Signs Regulations, 1956. |author=Department of Local Government|work=Official Publications |series=Pr.3844|publisher=Stationery Office|pages=9 (Section 5) and 35 (First Schedule, Part III, Section A)|access-date=7 June 2016|location=Dublin}}
Image:IE road sign 201 (1956–1962).svg|1956–1962
Image:IE road sign 201 (1962–1997).svg|1962–1997
Image:IE road sign RUS-026.svg|English-language version (1997 – present)
Image:IE road sign RUS-026G.svg|Irish-language version (1962 – present)
=New Zealand=
In New Zealand, the original design also used the keystone shape as in the United States but used a black background with a red border. In the 1980s, the modern design was adopted. On sealed roads, the give way sign is always accompanied by a white line painted on the road to clarify the rule to road users even if the sign is obscured or missing.{{Cite web |title=What Colour Line Marks Sealed Road at a Give Way Sign? |url=https://www.drivingtests.co.nz/roadcode-questions/car/core/what-colour-is-the-line-painted-on-a-sea/ |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=drivingtests.co.nz |language=en}}
Image:New Zealand road sign R2-2 (–1987).svg|Original design (1966–1987)
Image:New Zealand road sign R2-2.svg|Modern design since 1987
=United Kingdom=
File:Bendy 'Give Way' Sign near Crunwere House, Llanteg - geograph.org.uk - 1365020.jpg and English, warning of a "give way" junction 50 yards (46 metres) ahead]]
File:Give Way Road Marking UK.jpg
The United Kingdom's Road Traffic Act calls for {{smallcaps|give way}} signs and road markings at junctions (crossroads) where the give-way rule is to apply. The road marking accompanying the sign consists of a large inverted triangle painted just before the place to give way, which is marked by broken white lines across the road.{{Cite web |title=The Highway Code – Road Markings |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/the-highway-code/road-markings |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=gov.uk |language=en}}
In Wales, some signs bear a bilingual legend: the Welsh {{smallcaps|ildiwch}} appears above {{smallcaps|give way}}.
In the United Kingdom, a stop or give-way sign may be preceded by an inverted, blank, triangular sign with an advisory placard such as {{small caps|give way 100 yards}}.{{Cite web |title=The Highway Code – Traffic Signs |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/the-highway-code/traffic-signs |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=gov.uk |language=en}}
=United States=
In the Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, a yield sign may be warranted[https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/HTM/2003r1/part2/part2b1.htm#section2B09 FHWA – MUTCD – 2003 Edition Revision 1 Chapter 2B]
{{quote|"if engineering judgment indicates that one or more of the following conditions exist:
- When the ability to see all potentially conflicting traffic is sufficient to allow a road user traveling at the posted speed, the 85th-percentile speed, or the statutory speed to pass through the intersection or to stop in a reasonably safe manner.
- If controlling a merge-type movement on the entering roadway where acceleration geometry and/or sight distance is not adequate for merging traffic operation.
- The second crossroad of a divided highway, where the median width at the intersection is 30 ft or greater. In this case, a STOP sign may be installed at the entrance to the first roadway of a divided highway, and a YIELD sign may be installed at the entrance to the second roadway.
- An intersection where a special problem exists and where engineering judgment indicates the problem to be susceptible to correction by the use of the YIELD sign."}}
The sign went through several changes from its original design to the sign used today. Originally invented in 1950 and added to the MUTCD in 1954, the sign used the "keystone" shape before adopting the more readily recognized triangular shape. In 1971, the sign evolved into its modern version and changed from yellow to red, paralleling the same change that had earlier been made by STOP signs.
Image:United States sign - Yield (v1).svg|Early design (1950–1954)
Image:United States sign - Yield (v2).svg|Second version (1954–1961)
Image:United States sign - Yield (v3).svg|Third version (1961–1971)
Image:MUTCD R1-2.svg|Modern design as agreed to in 1971
=Other countries=
File:Señalización ceda el paso.jpg.]]
- Most countries around the world use a red and white inverted triangle with no text.
- Cuba, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Kuwait, Nigeria, Poland, Sweden and Vietnam use a red and yellow version of the sign.
- United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, Bhutan and most Commonwealth nations use a version of the sign that reads {{smallcaps|give way}}.
- Dominica, Fiji, Liberia, New Zealand, and Samoa display text in red.
- Singapore places the sign inside a white round square.
- Belize, Brazil, Canada and Romania use a much thicker red border.
- Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela use {{smallcaps|ceda el paso}}.
- Puerto Rico uses a version of the American sign translated into Spanish which reads {{smallcaps|ceda}}.
Gallery
Image:Vienna Convention road sign B1-V1.svg|International standard with white background{{efn|Most countries around the world use this version.}}
Image:Vienna Convention road sign B1-V2.svg|International standard with yellow background{{efn|Finland, Greece, Iceland, Kuwait, Poland, Sweden, Vietnam.}}
Image:CA-MUTCDC RA-002.svg|Belize, Brazil, Canada, Romania
Image:SACU road sign R2.svg|SACU standard{{efn|Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa. No longer used, the blue background has since been phased out in favour of white.}}
=Signs with text in English=
File:UK traffic sign 602.svg|Anglophone Africa, Anglophone Caribbean (Lesser Antilles), India, Mauritius, Seychelles, United Kingdom
File:Australia road sign R1-2.svg|Australia, Guyana, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu
File:Dominica Give Way sign.svg|Dominica
File:New Zealand road sign R2-2.svg|Fiji, New Zealand, Samoa
File:IE road sign RUS-026.svg|Ireland
File:Jamaica road sign R1-1.svg|Jamaica
File:Liberian Road Signs - Regulatory Sign - Yield.svg|Liberia
File:Nigeria road sign - Give Way.svg|Nigeria
File:Singapore road sign - Mandatory - Give way.svg|Singapore
File:Tonga - Give Way sign.svg|Tonga
File:MUTCD R1-2.svg|United States
=Signs with text in Spanish=
File:Argentina MSV 2017 road sign R-28.svg|Argentina
File:SIECA road sign R-1-2.svg|Central America
File:Colombia road sign SR-02.svg|Colombia
File:Cuban Give Way sign.svg|Cuba
File:Ecuador road sign R1-2.svg|Ecuador
File:MX road sign SR-7.svg|Mexico
File:Jalisco TR-2.svg|Mexico (Jalisco)
File:Mexico road sign SR-17.png|Mexico (no longer used)
File:Panama road sign R-2.svg|Panama
File:Peru road sign R-2.svg|Peru
File:MUTCD-PR R1-2.svg|Puerto Rico
=Signs with text in other languages=
File:Brunei road sign - Give Way.svg|Brunei
File:CN road sign 禁 2.svg|China
File:France road sign AB3a.svg|France, Francophone Africa, Monaco
File:Haiti Yield sign.svg|Haiti
File:IE road sign RUS-026G.svg|Ireland (Gaeltacht)
File:Malaysia road sign RP13.svg|Malaysia
File:Maldives Give Way sign.svg|Maldives
File:Taiwan road sign f2.svg|Taiwan
File:Thailand road sign บ-2.svg|Thailand
=Signs with bilingual text=
File:Yield sign (Tunisia).svg|Algeria, Djibouti, Tunisia
File:BH road sign - give way.svg|Bahrain
File:CA-ON road sign Ra-002 + Ra-002t (B).svg|Canada (Ontario)
File:QA road sign R101+P200.svg|Egypt and Qatar
File:France road sign AB3a (Breton).svg|France (Brittany){{Cite web |title=Vocabulaire du Code de la route |url=https://www.fr.brezhoneg.bzh/evenement/1506/50-actualite.htm |date=2016-09-21|access-date=2023-11-26|website=Office public de la Langue Bretonne |language=fr|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126095549/https://www.fr.brezhoneg.bzh/evenement/1506/50-actualite.htm|archive-date=2023-11-26}}
File:Hong Kong Road Sign 102.svg|Hong Kong
File:KW road sign 401.svg|Kuwait
File:MA road sign 202.1 + 84.02.svg|Mauritania and Morocco
File:Philippines road sign R1-2P.svg|Philippines
File:KR road sign 228.svg|South Korea
File:Give way sign (United Arab Emirates).svg|United Arab Emirates
File:UK traffic sign 602 (Wales).svg|Wales
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Yield signs}}
- [http://www.mycrazyhobby.com/stop/ A Collection of Stop and Yield Signs]
- [https://www.roadtrafficsigns.com/a-brief-history-of-the-yield-sign/ History of the Yield sign]
{{Traffic signs|state=collapsed}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yield Sign}}