newspaper of record#Newspapers of public record

File:Le Figaro, boulevard Haussmann.JPG of {{lang|fr|Le Figaro}}, France's centre-right newspaper of record (public record and by reputation)]]

A "newspaper of public record", or government gazette, refers to a publicly available newspaper that is authorized by a government to publish public or legal notices.{{cite book |last1=Martin |first1=Shannon E. |url=https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart |title=Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link |last2=Hansen |first2=Kathleen A. |publisher=Praeger Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=0-275-95960-0 |location=Westport, CT |page=[https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart/page/5 5] |url-access=registration}} It is often established by statute or official action and publication of notices within it, whether by the government or a private party, is considered sufficient to comply with legal requirements for public notice.{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/blackslawdiction0000blac_6edh1l9 |title=Black's Law Dictionary, 6th edn. |publisher=West Publishing |year=1990 |isbn=90-6544-631-1 |url-access=registration}} Such gazettes may have minimal or no editorial content (opinion articles), and are focused on public notification of state services and state decisions; an example is Latvia's Latvijas Vēstnesis.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AsJlnVU4ipoC&q=newspaper+of+record&pg=PA342|title=Nations in Transit 2004: Democratization in East Central Europe and Eurasia|last=House|first=Freedom|date=13 September 2004|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=9781461731412|page=342|language=en}}

In some jurisdictions, privately owned newspapers may register with the government to publish public and legal notices, or be otherwise eligible to publish such notices (terms used may include "newspaper of general circulation" among others).See, for example, L.N. 362 of 1997 of The Government of The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region GazetteFor example, see [http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/LG/htm/LG.52.htm#52.004 Texas Local Government Code - Section 52.004. Official Newspaper] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609190800/http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/LG/htm/LG.52.htm#52.004 |date=9 June 2016 }}{{Cite web|url=https://cityofmccleary.com/index.asp?SEC=%7B821D9B2C-D6B1-4D12-AB18-1A88DE86A30D%7D&Type=B_LIST|title=1.12 Official Newspaper - City of McCleary|website=cityofmccleary.com|access-date=20 July 2022|archive-date=27 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227132244/https://cityofmccleary.com/index.asp?SEC=%7B821D9B2C-D6B1-4D12-AB18-1A88DE86A30D%7D&Type=B_LIST|url-status=dead}} Likewise, a private newspaper may be designated by the courts for publication of legal notices, such as notices of fictitious business names, if judicial and statutory standards are met.See, e.g., {{cite web |title=California Government Code, Sec. 6000 - 6008 |url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&division=7.&title=1.&part=&chapter=1.&article=1. |website=California Legislative Information |publisher=California State Legislature |access-date=12 March 2020}}{{Cite web|url=https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/general-construction-law/gcn-sect-60.html|title=New York Consolidated Laws, General Construction Law - GCN § 60|website=Findlaw}} These are sometimes called "legally adjudicated newspapers".{{cite web|title=Fictitious Names: Adjudicated Newspapers|url=http://www.sonoma-county.org/Clerk/HTML_Documents/FictitiousNames/Newspapers.htm|work=County Clerk|publisher=County of Sonoma|access-date=4 October 2012|archive-date=29 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029074233/http://sonoma-county.org/Clerk/HTML_Documents/FictitiousNames/Newspapers.htm|url-status=dead}}

The term "newspapers of public record" can also denote those owned and operated by a government that directs their entire editorial content. Such newspapers, while pejoratively termed "state mouthpieces", can also be called "official newspapers of record", independently of whether they publish legal notices - distinguishing them from a gazette whose primary role is to publish notices, as their entire content represents the official view and doctrine of the state. This kind of official newspaper is distinct from newspapers of record by reputation, and is liable to fail the reputation criterion due to its governmental control. The word "official" can be used to distinguish them from "newspapers of record by reputation". Examples include Russia's Rossiyskaya Gazeta,{{cite book |last=Zadorozhnii |first=Oleksandr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lMokDwAAQBAJ |title=International Law in the Relations of Ukraine and the Russian Federation |date=July 2017 |publisher=K.I.S |isbn=978-6176841463 |page=144 |author-link=Oleksandr Zadorozhnii}} North Korea's Rodong Sinmun,{{cite journal |last1=Em |first1=Pavel P. |last2=Ward |first2=Peter |date=January 2021 |title=City profile: Is Pyongyang a post-socialist city? |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264275120312981 |journal=Cities |volume=108 |page=102950 |doi=10.1016/j.cities.2020.102950 |quote=... a line that appeared in Rodong Sinmun (Rodong Sinmun, 1999, 29) the official newspaper of record in North Korea. |s2cid=225116450}} and China's People's Daily.{{cite web | website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation | access-date=10 May 2022 | first= Ryan |last=Manuel | date=14 December 2017 | title=China is furious and Australia should expect more backlash after questioning its influence | quote=Most significantly, the People's Daily, China's official newspaper of record, had a special signed editorial attacking Australia's government and media.| url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-14/china-backlash-australia-questions-of-political-interference/9258462}}

File:NZZ Erstausgabe Titelseite.jpg (1780), the world's oldest newspaper of record by reputation]]

The second type of "newspaper of record" (also "journal of record", or in French {{lang|fr|presse de référence}}) is not defined by formal criteria, and its characteristics vary. The category comprises newspapers that are considered to meet high standards of journalism, including editorial independence (particularly from the government and from its owners), accountability (mistakes are acknowledged), attention to detail and accuracy, and comprehensiveness and balance of coverage; they are regarded internationally (as well as in their own country/region) by major global outlets.{{cite journal|last=Salles|first=Chloë|title=Media Coverage of the Internet: An Acculturation Strategy for Press of Record?|journal=Innovation Journalism|date=January 2010|volume=7|issue=1|page=5|url=http://www.innovationjournalism.org/archive/INJO-7-1.pdf|access-date=13 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192414/http://www.innovationjournalism.org/archive/INJO-7-1.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}}{{cite book |last1=Martin |first1=Shannon |url=https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart/page/6 |title=Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link |last2=Hansen |first2=Kathleen A. |publisher=Praeger Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=0275959600 |location=Westport, CT |pages=[https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart/page/6 6, 27, 31]}}

Despite changes in society, newspapers of record by reputation have historically tended to maintain a similar tone, coverage, style, and traditions; many are over a century old and some over two centuries old (e.g., Neue Zürcher Zeitung, The Times, The Guardian, {{lang|fr|Le Figaro}}, and The Sydney Morning Herald). Newspapers of record by reputation can be respected for the accuracy and quality of their reporting and still be either ideologically conservative (e.g., The Wall Street Journal and The Telegraph) or ideologically liberal (e.g., The Washington Post and The Guardian).

Although many countries are proud of their newspapers of record by reputation, in some countries they face an openly hostile state or political system that tries to suppress their press freedoms. Examples are Turkey's Cumhuriyet, where many of the staff have been imprisoned; Panama's La Prensa, where staff have been shot and the owners forced into exile; and Venezuela's El Nacional, which was forced out of print when the state seized its assets (see examples of fallen newspapers of record).

The term is believed to have originated among librarians who began referring to The New York Times as the "newspaper of record" when it became the first U.S. newspaper in 1913 to publish an index of the subjects it covered.{{cite book |last1=Martin |first1=Shannon E. |url=https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart |title=Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link |last2=Hansen |first2=Kathleen A. |publisher=Praeger Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=0-275-95960-0 |location=Westport, CT |page=[https://archive.org/details/newspapersofreco0000mart/page/7 7] |url-access=registration}} In recognition of that usage, The New York Times held an essay contest in 1927 in which entrants had to demonstrate "The Value of The New York Times Index and Files as a Newspaper of Record". The New York Times, and other newspapers of its type sought to chronicle events, acting as a record of the day's announcements, schedules, directories, proceedings, transcripts, and appointments. By 2004, The New York Times no longer considered itself a newspaper of record in the original, literal sense.{{cite news |last=Okrent|first=Daniel |date=25 April 2004 |title=Paper of Record? No Way, No Reason, No Thanks |department=The Public Editor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/25/weekinreview/the-public-editor-paper-of-record-no-way-no-reason-no-thanks.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm |work=The New York Times |access-date=18 April 2013}}

Over time, historians relied on The New York Times and similar titles as a reliable archival and historical record of significant past events, and a gauge of societal opinions at the time of printing. The term "newspaper of record" evolved from its original literal sense to that newer meaning.

The derived term "financial (or business) newspaper of record" is attributed to The Wall Street Journal,{{cite web | website=Georgetown University Library | title=Newspapers | access-date=7 May 2022 | url=https://guides.library.georgetown.edu/c.php?g=76038&p=488969 | quote=The Wall Street Journal is the financial newspaper of record | archive-date=28 November 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128163003/https://guides.library.georgetown.edu/c.php?g=76038&p=488969 | url-status=dead }}{{cite book |last=Roush |first=Chris |url=https://archive.org/details/profitslossesbus0000rous |title=Profits and Losses: Business Journalism and Its Role in Society |date=2006 |publisher=Marion Street Press |isbn=978-1933338057 |author-link=Chris Roush |url-access=registration}} the Financial Times,{{cite book |last=Brooks |first=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4iA6ngEACAAJ |title=The Great Tax Robbery: How Britain Became a Tax Haven for Fat Cats and Big Business |date=2014 |publisher=Oneworld Publications |isbn=978-1780743714 |author-link=Richard Brooks (journalist)}} and to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei). While newspapers of record by reputation are typically major widely-read national (and international) publications, subject-specific newspapers of record also exist (see examples of subject-specific newspapers of record).

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|Al-Ahram

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | Cairo

|1875

| rowspan="2" | Arabic

|{{cite book |last1=Fleet |first1=Kate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k9C3uQEACAAJ |title=Middle Eastern and North African Societies in the Interwar Period |last2=Boyar |first2=Ebru |date=July 2018 |publisher=Brill Publishers |isbn=978-9004367142 |page=152 |quote=Their relations were destined to end abruptly shortly thereafter, but as long as they lasted the report on their marriage along with their photos were featured on the front page of al-Ahram, Egypt's newspaper of record.}}{{cite journal|last=Perreault|first=Gregory|title=Islam is Everywhere": Coverage of Islam in the English Egyptian Press|journal=Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly|year=2011|page=14|url=http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/5/1/8/6/5/pages518657/p518657-14.php|access-date=10 October 2013|quote=This is significant because the state-run Al Ahram is considered the paper of record in Egypt}}{{cite book |last=Bein |first=Amit |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dhA6DwAAQBAJ |title=Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East: International Relations in the Interwar Period |date=December 2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1107198005 |page=173 |quote=... with long excerpts of it published in columns on the front page of al-Ahram, Egypt's newspaper of record.}}

|-

| {{sort|Masry Al-Youm, Al|File:Almasry Alyoum logo.svg}}

| Al-Masry Al-Youm

| 2004

|{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Steven A. |author-link=Steven A. Cook |year=2012 |chapter=A Tale of Two Egypts |title=The Struggle for Egypt: From Nasser to Tahrir Square |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199795260.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-979526-0 |lccn=2011016635 |quote=al Masry al Youm quickly became Egypt's newspaper of record |quote-page=196}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Finland}} Finland

| style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

|{{sort|Helsingin Sanomat|File:Helsingin Sanomat wordmark.svg}}

|Helsingin Sanomat

| style="text-align:left;" | Helsinki

|1889

|Finnish

|{{Cite book |last1=Muir |first1=Simo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RtPT9Qe2z60C |title=Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History |last2=Worther |first2=Hana |year=2013 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1137302649 |page=20 |quote=[T]hey appeared in the monthly magazine of Finland's paper of record, the Helsingin Sanomat.}}

|-

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|France}} France

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | West Europe

| {{sort|Figaro, Le|File:Le Figaro.svg}}

| {{lang|fr|Le Figaro}}

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Paris

| 1826{{efn|{{lang|fr|Le Figaro}} is France's oldest national newspaper still operating to this date.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/pda/2010/feb/12/digital-media-newspapers-figaro-paid-content|title=Le Figaro opts for freemium web model|work=The Guardian|date=12 February 2010|access-date=31 May 2015}}}}

| rowspan="3" | French

|{{cite book |last=Ballarini |first=Loïc |editor-last=Ballarini |editor-first=Loïc |year=2020 |chapter=The Local Press as a Medium to Create Diversion |title=The Independence of the News Media: Francophone Research on Media, Economics and Politics |series=Global Transformations in Media and Communication Research |location=Cham |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-34054-4 |eissn=2634-5986 |isbn=978-3-030-34054-4 |issn=2634-5978 |quote=The French newspapers of record that are reputed around the world for their supposed authority on France and French matters are national papers published in Paris: Le Monde (centre left) and Le Figaro (conservative right), as well as Libération (centre left), which has seen a significant decline in its readership numbers, and Mediapart (left, investigative journalism), which is the only pure play company considered to be a newspaper of record. |quote-page=133}}"Le Monde, whose print edition comes out around lunchtime, was launched at the end of Nazi occupation of France in 1944 and took on the role of France's newspaper of record alongside the more conservative Le Figaro." - [https://www.reuters.com/article/france-lemonde-idUSL6N0O03TH20140514 France's Le Monde newspaper editor quits after power struggle with staff] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310064921/http://www.reuters.com/article/france-lemonde-idUSL6N0O03TH20140514 |date=10 March 2016 }}, Reuters, 14 May 2014

|-

| {{sort|Liberation|File:Logo liberation.svg}}

| Libération

| 1973

|{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Elizabeth |date=2006-10-27 |title=A capital crisis may bring down leftist French paper / Liberation, founded in 1968, has seen circulation plummet |url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/a-capital-crisis-may-bring-down-leftist-french-2548623.php |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=SFGATE |language=en-US}}

|-

| {{sort|Monde, Le|File:Le Monde.svg}}

| Le Monde

| 1944{{efn|Founded as a successor to the discredited collaborationist Le Temps (founded 1861).}}

|{{cite news|title=World of Le Monde looks set to expand|first=Thomas|last=Fuller|date=25 August 2003|work=International Herald Tribune}}{{cite news| title= France profile | date= 12 January 2014 | access-date= 24 January 2014 | url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17299010 | work=BBC News| quote= Le Monde - respected national daily, considered to be France's newspaper of record }}

|-

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | West Europe

| {{sort|Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|File:Frankfurter Allgemeine logo.svg}}

| Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung

| style="text-align:left;" | Frankfurt

| 1949{{efn|Considered a successor to the Frankfurter Zeitung (founded 1856), banned in 1943 by the Nazis.}}

| rowspan="5" |German

|{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Frankfurter-Allgemeine-Zeitung|title=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung {{!}} German newspaper|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=25 March 2018|language=en}}

|-

|{{Sort|Spiegel, Der|File:Logo-der spiegel.svg}}

|Der Spiegel

| style="text-align:left;" | Hamburg

|1947

|{{cite journal |last=Salle |first=Grégory |date=20 September 2013 |title=La question carcérale en République fédérale d'Allemagne au reflet du Spiegel (1947-1979) |trans-title=The prison question in the Federal Republic of Germany as reflected in Spiegel (1947–1979) |url=https://journals.openedition.org/criminocorpus/2483 |department=Miscellanies |journal=Criminocorpus |language=fr |doi=10.4000/criminocorpus.2483 |doi-access=free |issn=2108-6907 |access-date=21 April 2024}}{{cite web|title=Deutsch-Französische Materialien: Die Leitmedien|url=http://www.deuframat.de/de/kulturbeziehungen/medien-und-kommunikation/die-ueberregionale-presse-in-frankreich-und-deutschland-eine-vergleichsstudie/die-leitmedien.html|access-date=22 October 2020|website=www.deuframat.de}}{{cite web|last=Pohlmann|first=Sonja|date=17 November 2007|title=Ein Leitmedium braucht eine Leitfigur|url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/medien/der-spiegel-ein-leitmedium-braucht-eine-leitfigur/1097868.html|access-date=22 October 2020|website=www.tagesspiegel.de|language=de}}{{cite web|last=Abramsohn|first=Jennifer|date=11 April 2003|title=Der Spiegel Mirrors Itself in English|url=https://www.dw.com/en/der-spiegel-mirrors-itself-in-english/a-830198|access-date=22 October 2020|website=DW|language=en-GB}}

|-

| {{sort|Suddeutsche Zeitung|File:Süddeutsche Zeitung Logo.svg}}

| Süddeutsche Zeitung

| style="text-align:left;" | Munich

| 1945

|{{cite news |title=Gloves off in German Media Scramble |work=The New York Times |date=13 March 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/14/business/global/14bild.html?pagewanted=all |access-date=23 July 2015}}

|-

| {{sort|Welt, Die|File:Die Welt Logo 2015.png}}

| Die Welt

| style="text-align:left;" | Berlin

| 1946

|{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=Wendell G. |last2=Barbe |first2=Katharina |year=2022 |chapter=Media and Popular Culture |title=Modern Germany |series=Understanding Modern Nations |location=Santa Barbara, CA |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-4408-6454-4 |lccn=2021042057 |quote=Die Welt, published in Berlin, is often considered the German newspaper of record.}}

|-

| {{sort|Zeit, Die|File:Die Zeit-Logo-Bremen.svg}}

| Die Zeit

| style="text-align:left;" | Hamburg

| 1946

|

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Greece}} Greece

| style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

| {{sort|Kathimerini|File:Kathimerini-logo.svg}}

| Kathimerini

| style="text-align:left;" | Athens

| 1919

| Greek

|{{cite book |last=Clogg |first=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s7mKDwAAQBAJ |title=Greek to Me: A Memoir of Academic Life |date=February 2018 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1784539887 |page=75 |quote=She had been the courageous publisher of the conservative Kathimerini, the nearest thing that Greece had to a newspaper of record. |author-link=Richard Clogg}}{{cite magazine | magazine=The Economist | date=30 June 2011 | title=Greece's agony: What have we become? | quote=Alexis Papahelas, editor of Kathimerini, Greece's newspaper of record, has coined the term “coalition of the unwilling” to describe the array of ultra-leftist and ultra-traditionalist forces bent on blocking reform.| url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2011/06/30/what-have-we-become | access-date=9 May 2022}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Guatemala}} Guatemala

| style="text-align:left;" | North America

| {{sort|Prensa Libre|File:Prensa-libre.png}}

| Prensa Libre

| style="text-align:left;" | Guatemala City

| 1951

| Spanish

|{{cite book |last1=Rockwell |first1=Rick J. |last2=Janus |first2=Noreene |year= 2003 |chapter=Guatemala's Struggle with Manipulation |title=Media Power in Central America |series=The History of Media and Communication |location=Champaign |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=0-252-02802-3 |lccn=2002010964 |quote=Prensa Libre, the traditional newspaper of record, represents business interests—increasingly, liberal business interests that might oppose the central government. |quote-page=102}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Haiti}} Haiti

| style="text-align:left;" | North America

| {{sort|Nouvelliste, Le|}}

| Le Nouvelliste

| style="text-align:left;" | Port-au-Prince

| 1898

| French

| {{cite book |last=Rhodes |first=Leara |year=2001 |chapter=4. History: Development of Media in Haiti, 1700s–1956 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KMuAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Nouvelliste%22+%22newspaper+of+record%22 |title=Democracy and the Role of the Haitian Media |location=Lewiston, New York |publisher=Edwin Mellen Press |page=69 |isbn=0-7734-7314-9 |access-date=4 February 2025 |quote=To balance the editorial voices, Le Nouvelliste was founded in 1898 by Chéraquit and Henri Chauvet as a newspaper of record and one which strove for objectivity.}}{{cite journal |last=Roberts| first=Shearon |year=2015 |title=Then and Now: Haitian Journalism as Resistance to US Occupation and US-Led Reconstruction |journal=Journal of Haitian Studies |volume=21 |issue=2 |location=Santa Barbara, California |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara |page=243 |id={{Project MUSE|609563|type=article}} |quote=Ernest Chauvet, the patriarch of Haiti's current paper of record, Le Nouvelliste, was considered to be Haiti's leading professional journalist because of his training at the Brooklyn Daily Eagle.}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Hong Kong}} Hong Kong

| style="text-align:left;" | East Asia

| {{sort|South China Morning Post, The|File:SCMP logo.svg}}

| South China Morning Post

| style="text-align:left;" | Hong Kong

| 1903

| English

|{{cite book |last=Pepper |first=Suzanne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6cMC0WXM-iQC |title=Keeping Democracy at Bay: Hong Kong and the Challenge of Chinese Political Reform |date=June 2007 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0742508774 |page=251 |quote=The South China Morning Post remained staunchly pro—government and surpassed expectations by becoming the newspaper of record ... |author-link=Suzanne Pepper}}{{cite book|last=Lanchester|first=John|title=Family Romance: A Love Story|url=https://archive.org/details/familyromancelov00lanc|url-access=registration|year=2008|publisher=Penguin|page=[https://archive.org/details/familyromancelov00lanc/page/140 140]|isbn=9780143112952|quote=The clippings are from the South China Morning Post, the paper of record in Hong Kong}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|Iceland}} Iceland

| style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

| {{sort|Morgunblaðið|File:Morgunblaðið Logo.svg}}

|Morgunblaðið

| style="text-align:left;" | Reykjavík

|1913

|Icelandic

|{{Cite news |date=2015-03-02 |title=Iceland: Paper published back to front in nod to history |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-31694187 |access-date=2023-09-01}}{{cite book |title=How Iceland Changed the World: The Big History of a Small Island | first=Egill |last=Bjarnason | page=38 | date=201 | isbn=978-0-14-313588-3 | quote=The interview appeared in Morgunblaðið , Iceland's newspaper of record ...| publisher=Penguin}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|India}} India

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | South Asia

| {{sort|Hindu, The|File:The Hindu logo.svg}}

|The Hindu

| style="text-align:left;" | Chennai

|1878

| rowspan="2" |English

|{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BkhHC6AgRrgC&q=%22newspaper+of+record%22+%22the+hindu%22+-thehindu.com&pg=PA163|title=The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume 1: Entitlement and Well-being|last1=Drèze|first1=Jean|last2=Sen|first2=Amartya|date=21 February 1991|publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn=9780191544460}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OSW8fg7zr8gC&q=%22newspaper+of+record%22+%22the+hindu%22&pg=PA185|title=The Sun Never Sets: South Asian Migrants in an Age of U.S. Power|last1=Bald|first1=Vivek|last2=Chatterji|first2=Miabi|last3=Reddy|first3=Sujani|last4=Vimalassery|first4=Manu|date=22 July 2013|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=978-0814786437}}

|-

| {{sort|Times of India, The|File:The times of india.svg}}

|The Times of India

| style="text-align:left;" | Mumbai

| 1838{{efn|Named The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce until mergers in 1860–1.}}

|{{cite book|author1=Greg Barton|author2=Paul Weller|author3=Ihsan Yilmaz|title=The Muslim World and Politics in Transition: Creative Contributions of the Gülen Movement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uZzNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|access-date=9 March 2020|date=18 December 2014|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-5873-4|pages=28–}}{{Citation|last=Caulfield|first=Mike|title=National Newspapers of Record|date=8 January 2017|url=https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/chapter/national-newspapers-of-record/|work=Web Literacy for Student Fact-Checkers|publisher=Self-published|language=en|access-date=20 July 2020}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Indonesia}} Indonesia

| style="text-align:left;" | Southeast Asia

| {{sort|Kompas|File:Kompas.svg}}

| Kompas

| style="text-align:left;" | Jakarta

| 1965

|Indonesian

|{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JHAkLnyJeKQC&q=Kompas+%22newspaper+of+record%22&pg=PA25|title=The Politics of Post-Suharto Indonesia|isbn=9780876092477|access-date=31 May 2015|last1=Schwarz|first1=Adam|last2=Paris|first2=Jonathan|year=1999 | page=25 | publisher=Council on Foreign Relations Press | quote=.. Kompass, the Indonesian national newspaper of record.}}{{cite web | website=Reporters Without Borders | url=https://rsf.org/en/country/indonesia | title=Indonesia: Media Landscape | date=8 December 2021 | quote=They include the daily Kompas, the newspaper of record, with a circulation of more than half a million, and the weekly Tempo, which has built a solid reputation for investigative journalism.| access-date=9 May 2022}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Iran}} Iran

| style="text-align:left;" | West Asia

| {{sort|Ettela'at|File:Ettelaat.svg}}

| Ettela'at

| style="text-align:left;" | Tehran

| 1926

| Persian

|{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2009/12/media-guide.html|title=Iran Media Guide|work=FRONTLINE - Tehran Bureau|access-date=31 May 2015}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LnZuSyJP2zUC&q=ettelaat+%22newspaper+of+record%22&pg=PA44|title=Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession | isbn=978-0415583169 | access-date=8 May 2022 |last1=Shahidi|first1=Hossein|date=May 2010 | page=44 | quote=In the years to come, of the three main pre-Revolution dailies, Ettela'at continued its traditional position as a 'newspaper of record'. | publisher=Routledge }}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Ireland}} Ireland

| style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

| {{sort|Irish Times, The|File:The Irish Times logo.svg}}

| The Irish Times

| style="text-align:left;" | Dublin

| 1859

| English

|{{cite journal |last=Mercille |first=Julien |author-link=Julien Mercille |date=March 2014 |title=The role of the media in fiscal consolidation programmes: the case of Ireland |journal=Cambridge Journal of Economics |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=28 |issue=2 |page=289 |doi=10.1093/cje/bet068 |issn=0309-166X |jstor=24694930 |quote=The Irish Times is often referred to as 'Ireland's newspaper of record'}}{{cite news |title= The Irish Times, book review |url= http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/reviews.php?intProductID=828 |work=The London Standard |access-date= 26 May 2014 |last= Dwan |first= David |quote= Today, the Irish Times is one of Ireland's most authoritative journals – the newspaper of record for political and intellectual elites from Mayo to Monkstown. |date= April 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140527230042/http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/reviews.php?intProductID=828 |archive-date= 27 May 2014 |url-status= dead }}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Israel}} Israel

| style="text-align:left;" | West Asia

| {{sort|Haaretz|File:Haaretz logo.svg}}

| Haaretz

| style="text-align:left;" | Tel Aviv

| 1919

| Hebrew and English

|{{cite web | url=https://fas.org/irp/dni/osc/israelmedia.pdf | title=Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide | website=U.S. Government: Open Source Center | date=16 September 2008 | page=12 | quote=Ha'aretz, the left-of-center daily of record, ... | access-date=16 May 2022}}{{cite news|title= Pushing right-wing American politics — in Israel |url= http://www.salon.com/2008/08/21/influencing_israel/ | date= 21 August 2008 | access-date= 24 January 2014| work=Salon | first= Gregory | last= Levey | quote= In the past few months, Haaretz, Israel's paper of record, has run a series of articles expressing misgivings about outside influence. }}{{cite news|title= Alan Dershowitz and the Politics of Desperation |url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rabbi-brant-rosen/alan-dershowitz-and-the-p_b_572645.html | date= 11 May 2010 | access-date= 24 January 2014| work=The Huffington Post | first= Brant | last= Rosen | quote= Recent polling, alongside articles in both the New York Times and the Israeli paper of record, Ha'aretz, indicate that the American Jewish community no longer feels represented by our so-called representatives - if we ever did. }}{{cite news|title= The Thin Green Line |url= https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2002/09/thin-green-line | date= September 2002 | access-date= 24 January 2014| work=Mother Jones | first= Gershom | last= Gorenberg | quote= In late January, the declaration ran as an ad in Ha'aretz, the national paper of record... }}

|-

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Italy}} Italy

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

|File:Il Sole 24 Ore.svg

|Il Sole 24 Ore

| style="text-align:left;" | Milan

|1965

| rowspan="5" |Italian

|{{cite news |last1=Backus |first1=Emily |last2=Edgecliffe-Johnson |first2=Andrew |date=20 August 2007 |title=Confindustria plans Il Sole float |url=https://www.ft.com/content/bcf0e37e-4f45-11dc-b485-0000779fd2ac |work=Financial Times |access-date=25 April 2024 |quote=Il Sole 24 Ore is widely regarded in Italy as the business paper of record}}

|-

| {{sort|Corriere della Sera|File:Corriere della Sera.svg}}

| Corriere della Sera

| style="text-align:left;" | Milan

| 1876

| {{cite news|title=Editing Out Criticism|first=Jeff|last=Israely|author2=Macleod, Scott|magazine=Time|date=1 June 2003 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,455770,00.html| url-status= dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327122125/https://time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,455770,00.html|archive-date = 27 March 2013}}{{cite news|title=Diplomatic Affinity |first=Lloyd |last=Grove |work=Los Angeles Times |date=6 February 1998 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-feb-06-ls-16003-story.html}}{{cite magazine|title=Debenedetti Confesses! |first=Judith |last=Thurman |magazine=The New Yorker |date=24 June 2010 |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/debenedetti-confesses}}

|-

|{{sort|La Stampa|File:La Stampa.svg}}

|La Stampa

| style="text-align:left;" | Turin

|1867

|{{cite web |last1=Denove |first1=Emmanuelle |last2=Michelet |first2=Elisa |last3=Savcisens |first3=Germans |last4=Fernández Fernández |first4=Elena |date=14 February 2024 |title=An Industrial West? A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Newspapers Discourses about Technology over One Hundred and Ten Years (1830-1940) |url=https://zenodo.org/records/10657719/files/Denove%20et%20al.pdf |page=3 |doi=10.5281/zenodo.10657719 |doi-access=free |access-date=27 April 2024}}

|-

|{{sort|La Repubblica|File:La Repubblica.svg}}

|la Repubblica

| style="text-align:left;" | Rome

|1976

|

|-

|{{sort|Il Messaggero|File:Il Messaggero.svg}}

|Il Messaggero

|style="text-align:left;" | Rome

|1878

| {{cite news |date=3 July 2023 |title=Italy media guide |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17433146 |url-status=live |work=BBC News Online |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231230212709/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17433146 |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Jamaica}} Jamaica

| style="text-align:left;" | North America

| {{sort|Gleaner, The|File:Gleanerlogo.png}}

| The Gleaner

| style="text-align:left;" | Kingston

| 1834

|English

| {{cite book |last1=Beezley |first1=William H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zlPEAAAQBAJ |title=Latin America 2020-2022 |date=September 2021 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1475856439 |edition=54th |page=266 |quote=The Daily Gleaner, established in 1834, is one of the oldest continually published newspapers in the hemisphere and is still Jamaica's newspaper of record.}}{{cite book |last1=Surlin |first1=Stuart H. |url=https://archive.org/details/massmediacaribbe0000unse/page/20 |title=Mass Media and the Caribbean |last2=Soderlund |first2=Walter C. |date=1990 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9782881244476 |page=[https://archive.org/details/massmediacaribbe0000unse/page/20 20]}}

|-

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | East Asia

| {{sort|Asahi Shimbun|File:The Asahi Shimbun logo.svg}}

| The Asahi Shimbun

| style="text-align:left;" | Osaka

| 1879

| rowspan="4" | Japanese and English

|{{cite news | newspaper=The Japan Times | url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/11/27/national/media-national/japan-shifting-media-landscape/ | first=Philip | last=Brasor | date=27 November 2021 | title=Reporter's death puts spotlight on shifting media landscape | quote=One frequent target is the Asahi Shimbun, which to many is the liberal newspaper of record in Japan.| access-date=10 May 2022}}{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=David T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nZY8E6n-JAAC |title=The Next Frontier: National Development, Political Change, and the Death Penalty in Asia |last2=Zimring |first2=Franklin E. |date=February 2009 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0195337402 |series=Studies in Crime and Public Policy |page=71 |quote=Some months later, Japan's newspaper of record (the Asahi Shimbun) published a poem calling Hatoyama "the grim reaper" (shinigami). |author-link2=Franklin Zimring}}{{cite book |last1=Lukner |first1=Kerstin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3fd1zAEACAAJ |title=Trust and Mistrust in Contemporary Japanese Politics |last2=Sakaki |first2=Alexandra |date=December 2019 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0367892753 |edition=1st |quote=..Asahi Shimbun, Japan's second largest newspaper and the 'newspaper of record' ..}}

|-

|{{sort|Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei)|File:Nikkei logo ja.svg}}

|Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei)

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Tokyo

|1876

|{{cite book |last=Culpepper |first=Pepper D. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/quiet-politics-and-business-power/56127E2EE022EBA207A337E49BFD16B5 |title=Quiet Politics and Business Power: Corporate Control in Europe and Japan (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics) |date=January 2011 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521134132 |page=128 |quote=...the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, the business or financial newspaper of record, had three million;... |author-link=Pepper D. Culpepper}}

|-

|{{sort|Yomiuri Shimbun|File:Yomiuri-Shimbun-Logo.svg}}

|Yomiuri Shimbun

|1874

|{{cite journal |last1=Swenson |first1=Tamara |last2=Visgatis |first2=Brad |year=2008 |title=Changing Representations of Homelessness in Japanese Newspapers |url=http://ir-lib.wilmina.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10775/31/1/02.pdf |journal=Journal of Osaka Jogakuin 4year College |issue=5 |pages=19–44 |issn=1880-0084 |oclc=1097652041 |access-date=11 May 2024 |quote=The Yomiuri Shimbun is considered by many to be Japan's newspaper of record}}

|-

|{{sort|Mainichi Shimbun|File:Mainichi_Shimbun_logo.svg}}

|Mainichi Shimbun

|1872

|{{cite web |title=They’re reading about it in Japan – Manuel Delia |url=https://manueldelia.com/2017/12/theyre-reading-about-it/ |website=manueldelia.com |language=en |access-date=21 April 2025 |quote=The Mainichi Shimbun, Japan’s oldest newspaper and its newspaper of record,}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Kenya}} Kenya

| style="text-align:left;" | East Africa

| {{sort|Daily Nation|File:Nationlogo.jpg}}

| Daily Nation

| style="text-align:left;" | Nairobi

| 1960{{efn|Originated as the Swahili Taifa in 1958.}}

| English

|{{cite web|title=Historical Perspective|url=http://www.nationaudio.com/kenyapolitics/info/nationmedia.html|work=nationaudio.com|access-date=14 March 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917025344/http://www.nationaudio.com/kenyapolitics/info/nationmedia.html|archive-date=17 September 2008}}{{cite news|last=Benesch|first=Susan|title=The Kenyan Elections: Peace Happened|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-benesch/kenya-elections_b_2921096.html|access-date=10 October 2013|work=The Huffington Post|date=21 March 2013|quote=Kenya's newspaper of record, the Daily Nation, published a banner headline "Never Again" over an editorial with a sharp, eloquent warning}}{{Cite journal |last1=Onyebadi |first1=Uche |last2=Oyedeji |first2=Tayo |date=2011 |title=Newspaper coverage of post political election violence in Africa: an assessment of the Kenyan example |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26000315 |journal=Media, War & Conflict |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=217 |doi=10.1177/1750635211420768 |jstor=26000315 |s2cid=144537355 |issn=1750-6352}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Lebanon}} Lebanon

| style="text-align:left;" | West Asia

| {{sort|An-Nahar|File:Annahar.png}}

|An-Nahar

| style="text-align:left;" | Beirut

|1933

|Arabic

|{{cite journal |last1=Hanssen |first1=Jens |last2=Safieddine |first2=Hicham |year=2016 |title=Lebanon's Al-Akhbar and Radical Press Culture: Toward an Intellectual History of the Contemporary Arab Left |journal=Arab Studies Journal |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Arab Studies Institute |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=192–227 |issn=2328-9627 |jstor=44746852 |quote=Al-Nahar became the Lebanese paper of record in the 1950s |quote-page=201}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Malaysia}} Malaysia

| style="text-align:left;" | Southeast Asia

| {{sort|New Straits Times|File:NSTlogo.png}}

| New Straits Times{{efn|name=Straits|The Straits Times and New Straits Times were qualified as "semi-official newspapers of record" in the Encyclopedia of Journalism (2009) as "each is tightly connected to the dominant political party of their respective countries".}}

| style="text-align:left;" | Kuala Lumpur

| 1965{{efn|Spun off from The Straits Times (founded 1845) upon Singapore's independence.}}

| English

|{{cite book |last=Corfield |first=Justin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vhBMmG9yXgYC |title=Historical Dictionary of Singapore |date=2010 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0810871847 |page=255 |quote=Straits Times (and New Straits Times): ... it has emerged as a newspaper of record |url-access=registration}}{{cite news |last=Raslan |first=Karim |date=5 June 2017 |title=A writer's writer: the life and times of Malaysia's Rehman Rashid |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/personalities/article/2096986/writers-writer-life-and-times-malaysias-rehman-rashid |url-status=live |department=This Week in Asia |work=South China Morning Post |issn=1563-9371 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610143941/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/personalities/article/2096986/writers-writer-life-and-times-malaysias-rehman-rashid |archive-date=10 June 2017 |access-date=24 May 2024 |url-access=subscription |quote=The NST at the time was the doyen of Malaysia's English-language media, a paper of record which attracted the best writers.}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Mexico}} Mexico

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | North America

|{{sort|Excelsior|File:Excélsior logo.svg}}

| Excélsior

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | Mexico City

| 1917

| rowspan="2" |Spanish

|{{cite book |last1=Elsey |first1=Brenda |author-link1=Brenda Elsey |last2=Nadel |first2=Joshua H. |year=2019 |chapter=The Boom and Bust of Mexican Women's Football |title=Futbolera: A History of Women and Sports in Latin America |series=Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Endowment in Latin American and Latino Art and Culture |location=Austin |publisher= University of Texas Press |doi=10.7560/310427 |isbn=978-1-4773-1859-1 |lccn=2018037054 |quote=Excelsior, Mexico's paper of record |quote-page=237}}

|-

| {{sort|Reforma|}}

| Reforma

| 1993

|

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Netherlands}} Netherlands

| style="text-align:left;" | West Europe

| {{sort|NRC|File:NRC logo.svg}}

| NRC

| style="text-align:left;" | Amsterdam

| 1970{{efn|Merger of Algemeen Handelsblad (founded 1828) and Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant (1844).}}

| Dutch

|{{cite news |title=Geert Wilders on course to be next Dutch prime minister |first=Bruno |last=Waterfield |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=4 March 2010 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/7369693/Wilders-on-course-to-be-next-Dutch-prime-minister.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/7369693/Wilders-on-course-to-be-next-Dutch-prime-minister.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live }}{{cbignore}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|New Zealand}} New Zealand

| style="text-align:left;" | Oceania

| {{sort|New Zealand Herald, The|File:The New Zealand Herald logo.webp}}

| The New Zealand Herald

| style="text-align:left;" | Auckland

| 1863

| English

|{{cite book |last=Cooper |first=Matt |author-link=Matt Cooper (Irish journalist) |year=2015 |chapter=Playing the long game |title=The Maximalist: The Rise and Fall of Tony O'Reilly |location=Dublin |publisher=Gill & Macmillan |isbn=978-07171-6723-4 |quote=The New Zealand Herald was a paper with daily paid-for sales of over 250,000; it had an image of something of a 'paper-of-record'}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Nigeria}} Nigeria

| style="text-align:left;" | West Africa

|| {{sort|Guardian, The|}}

| The Guardian

| style="text-align:left;" | Lagos

| 1983

| English

| {{cite book |last=Bastian |first=Misty L. |year=2006 |chapter='Terror against Terror': 9/11 or 'Kano War' in the Nigerian Electronic Press? |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AyboAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Guardian%22 |title=Terror and Violence: Imagination and the Unimaginable |location=London |publisher=Pluto Press |isbn=0-7453-2399-5 |access-date=1 February 2025 |page=49 |quote=... The Guardian – Nigeria's elite newspaper of record, usually compared within the country to The Times or to The New York Times ...}}{{cite book |last=Ogbondah |first=Chris |year=2012 |chapter=Chapter 8: Political Repression and Human Rights Abuses in Nigeria, 1999–2007 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-z15vptIYAC&pg=PA119 |title=Communication, Culture, and Human Rights in Africa |series=Communication, Society, and Change Series |volume=1 |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=978-0-7618-5307-7 |access-date=1 February 2025 |page=119 |quote=Security agencies' unbridled cancellation of opposition political party rallies prompted the Guardian, Nigeria's newspaper of record, to condemn the government's behavior in its editorial on December 5, 2006.}}{{cite book |last=Ette |first=Mercy |year=2013 |chapter=Chapter Six: The Press and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cowBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA104 |title=Media/Democracy: A Comparative Study |location=Newcastle upon Tyne |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-4438-4839-8 |access-date=1 February 2025 |page=104 |quote=... The Guardian newspaper, a Nigerian prestige newspaper and a publication of record. The Guardian, like some other publications in Nigeria, still exercises considerable influence on policy-making, despite dwindling newspaper circulations, and, as a "favourite of the intellectuals", is one of the most influential national titles.}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Norway}} Norway

| style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

| {{sort|Aftenposten|File:Aftenposten logo.svg}}

| Aftenposten

| style="text-align:left;" | Oslo

| 1860

| Norwegian
(Riksmål)

|{{cite journal |last1=Midttun |first1=Atle |last2=Coulter |first2=Paddy |last3=Gadzekpo |first3=Audrey |author-link3=Audrey Gadzekpo |last4=Wang |first4=Jin |date=December 2015 |title=Comparing Media Framings of Climate Change in Developed, Rapid Growth and Developing Countries: Findings from Norway, China and Ghana |journal=Energy & Environment |publisher=Sage Publishing |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=1271–1292 |doi=10.1260/0958-305X.26.8.1271 |issn=2048-4070 |jstor=90006539 |bibcode=2015EnEnv..26.1271M |quote=Aftenposten, Norway's newspaper of record and the newspaper with the widest circulation, is privately-owned and has broad coverage of news, culture, public policyand business. |quote-page=1277}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Pakistan}} Pakistan

| style="text-align:left;" | South Asia

|{{Sort|Dawn|File:Dawn Newspaper logo.png}}

|Dawn

| style="text-align:left;" | Karachi

|1941

|English

|{{cite book |last=Walsh |first=Declan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K1s3EAAAQBAJ |title=The Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Divided Nation |date=July 2021 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1408868492 |page=xxi |quote=Cyril Almeida, a senior journalist with Dawn, Pakistan's newspaper of record, who, furious at the news of my expulsion. |author-link=Declan Walsh (journalist)}}{{cite news| date = 4 July 2018| title = The assault on Pakistan media ahead of vote| url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44693968| work = BBC| access-date = 3 December 2020 | first=Ahmed |last=Rashid | author-link=Ahmed Rashid | quote=Dawn is the unofficial newspaper of record - indispensable for businessmen, diplomats and military officers alike - and known for its influential editorials that affect Pakistan's image worldwide.}}{{cite magazine | magazine=Time | url=https://time.com/5846698/world-reactions-george-floyd-protests/ | first1=Ciara | last1=Nugent | first2=Billy | last2=Perrigo | title='The Edge of an Abyss.' How the World's Newspapers Are Responding as the U.S. Descends Into Chaos | quote=In Pakistan, which has a longstanding, if strained, military alliance with the U.S., the country’s newspaper of record, Dawn, ran an editorial under the headline "Trump on the Warpath." | date=2 June 2020 | access-date=9 May 2022}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | South Asia

| File:Daily Jang logo (2024).png

|Jang

| style="text-align:left;" | Karachi

|1939

|Urdu

|{{cite web |title=Always busy, anxious but confident {{!}} Tribute - MAG THE WEEKLY |url=https://magtheweekly.com/detail/5577-always-busy-anxious-but-confident |website=magtheweekly.com |language=en}}{{cite news |title=Behind every great person and his achievements, stands a woman |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/272913-behind-every-great-person-and-his-achievements-stands-a-woman |work=www.thenews.com.pk |publisher=The News International |language=en}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Panama}} Panama

| style="text-align:left;" | North America

| {{Sort|Prensa, La|File:La Prensa (Panama City) logo.svg}}

| La Prensa

| style="text-align:left;" | Panama City

| 1980

| Spanish

|{{cite book |last1=Rockwell |first1=Rick J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Luz_t4VpyBwC |title=Media Power in Central America |last2=Janus |first2=Noreene |date=2003 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0252028021 |page=59 |jstor=10.5406/j.ctt2ttd20}}{{cite book |author=Center for Public Integrity |url=https://archive.org/details/corruptionnotebo0000unse |title=The Corruption Notebooks: 25 Investigative Journalists Report on Abuses of Power in Their Home Country |year=2004 |isbn=978-1882583195 |page=237 |publisher=Public Integrity Books |quote=After the 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama , and the ouster of General Manuel Noriega , La Prensa became the country's newspaper of record |url-access=registration}}{{cite journal | journal=Columbia University Record | volume=21 | issue=9 | date=November 1995 | url= http://www.columbia.edu/cu/pr/95/18746.html | quote=For the past 15 years, Mr. Eisenmann has led Panama's internationally respected daily newspaper of record, La Prensa, as founding editor and publisher.| access-date=9 May 2022 | title=Four Journalists Win Columbia University's Cabot Prizes For Coverage of Latin America}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Paraguay}} Paraguay

| style="text-align:left;" | South America

| {{Sort|ABC Color|File:Abc color.PNG}}

| ABC Color

| style="text-align:left;" | Asunción

| 1967

| Spanish

|{{cite book |last=Folch |first=Christine |year=2019 |chapter=Currency |title=Hydropolitics: The Itaipu Dam, Sovereignty, and the Engineering of Modern South America |series=Princeton Studies in Culture and Technology |volume=39 |location=Princeton, NJ |publisher= Princeton University Press |doi=10.2307/j.ctvdf0j6c |isbn=9780691186597 |quote=ABC Color, the Paraguayan paper of record |quote-page=81}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Peru}} Peru

| style="text-align:left;" | South America

| {{sort|Comercio, El|File:El comerciovector.svg}}

| {{Lang|es|El Comercio}}

| style="text-align:left;" | Lima

| 1839

| Spanish

|{{cite book | title=Encyclopedia of International Media and Communications | volume=2 | page=143 | first=Donald H. | last=Johnston | date=2003 | isbn= 978-0123876706 | publisher=Academic Press | access-date=9 May 2022 | chapter=Chapter: Freedom of the Press in Latin America | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pfgKAQAAMAAJ&q=%22the+newspaper+of+record%22+%22El+Comercio%22| quote=...the newspaper of record in any country is compulsory reading for political, business, and cultural leaders and the most prestigious such papers in the region, organized into the Grupo de Diarios America, are La Nacion (Buenos Aires, Argentina), O Globo (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), El Tiempo (Bogota, Colombia), El Mercurio (Santiago, Chile), El Comercio (Ecuador), Reforma (Mexico), El Nuevo Dia Interactivo (Puerto Rico), El Comercio (Lima, Peru), El Pais (Montevideo, Uruguay), and El Nacional (Caracas, Venezuela)}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Philippines}} Philippines

| style="text-align:left;" | Southeast Asia

| {{sort|Philippine Daily Inquirer|File:PDI logo.svg}}

| Philippine Daily Inquirer

| style="text-align:left;" | Makati

| 1985

| English

|{{cite book |last=Claudio |first=Lisandro E. |year=2017 |chapter=Salvador P. Lopez and the Space of Liberty |title=Liberalism and the Postcolony: Thinking the State in 20th-Century Philippines |series=Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies |volume=19 |location=Singapore |publisher=NUS Press |isbn=978-981-4722-52-0 |quote=the anti-Marcos weekly Mr. & Ms. [...] would become the Philippine Daily Inquirer, the present day paper of record |quote-page=144}}{{cite web | website=Library of Congress | title=Philippine Daily Inquirer | url=https://www.loc.gov/item/lcwaN0027502/#:~:text=The%20Philippine%20Daily%20Inquirer%2C%20popularly,the%20Philippines'%20newspaper%20of%20record. | access-date=7 May 2022 | quote= The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is an English-language newspaper in the Philippines. Founded in 1985, it is often regarded as the Philippines' newspaper of record.}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Poland}} Poland

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | East Europe

| {{sort|Gazeta Wyborcza|File:Gazeta Wyborcza.png}}

|Gazeta Wyborcza

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | Warsaw

|1989

| rowspan="2" | Polish

|{{cite book |last=Örnebring |first=Henrik |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nTFCDwAAQBAJ |title=Newsworkers: A Comparative European Perspective |date=November 2017 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-1501338229 |page=51 |quote=The creation of what is arguably the national newspaper of record, Gazeta Wyborcza, stands as an example of ....}}

|-

| {{sort|Rzeczpospolita|File:Rz logo big txt.svg}}

|Rzeczpospolita

|1920{{efn|Dissolved in 1931 and revived in 1944, second dissolution in 1951, revived again in 1982.}}

|{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ef2cAAAAQBAJ&q=newspaper+of+record&pg=PA131|title=Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland|date=1 June 2013|publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing|isbn=9781615309917|page=131|language=en}}{{cite book |last=Szczerbiak |first=Aleks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yM1JDwAAQBAJ |title=Politicising the Communist Past: The Politics of Truth Revelation in Post-Communist Poland |date=2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0367433581 |chapter=1 Introduction |quote=...Rzeczpospolita daily newspaper, the main Polish newspaper of record...}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Portuguese Republic}} Portugal

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

| {{Sort|Diário de Notícias|150px}}

|Diário de Notícias

| style="text-align:left;" | Lisbon

| 1864

| rowspan="2" |Portuguese

| {{cite book | title=Historical Dictionary of Portugal | edition=3rd | page=189 | publisher=The Scarecrow Press | date=2010 | first1=Douglas L. |last1=Wheeler | first2=Walter C. Jr. | last2=Opello | quote=The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Noticias (daily and newspaper of record) .... |isbn=978-0810860889}}{{cite book |last=Eaman |first=Ross |url=https://archive.org/details/atozofjournalism0000eama |title=The A to Z of Journalism |date=2009 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0810871540 |page=237 |quote=The most prestigious newspaper for print journalists is the Diario de noticias, Portugal's "newspaper of record", followed by the more popular Jornal de noticias and the staunchly independent Publico. |url-access=registration}}

|-

| {{sort|Publico|File:Logo publico.svg}}

| Público

| style="text-align:left;" | Lisbon

| 1990

| {{cite book |last1=Cavanagh |first1=Allison |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ghC9DwAAQBAJ |title=Letters to the Editor: Comparative and Historical Perspectives |last2=Steel |first2=John |date=November 2019 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-3030264796 |page=17 |quote=Our case study of a Portuguese newspaper of record, Público, ....}}{{cite book |last1=Carter |first1=Cynthia |url=https://archive.org/details/routledgecompani0000unse_f9c1 |title=The Routledge Companion to Media & Gender |last2=Steiner |first2=Linda |last3=McLaughlin |first3=Lisa |date=December 2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0415527699 |page=435 |quote=The daily Público is Portugal's newspaper of record, with typical news and section divides. |author-link1=Cynthia Carter |author-link2=Linda Steiner |url-access=registration}}{{cite book |last=Fishman |first=Robert M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2MGKDwAAQBAJ |title=Democratic Practice: Origins of the Iberian Divide in Political Inclusion |date=April 2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0190912888 |page=234 |quote=.... with Portuguese journalists included José Manuel Fernandes, at the time director of Portugal's newspaper of record, Publico, Lisbon.}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Republic of the Congo}} Republic of the Congo

| style="text-align:left;" | Central Africa

|

| La Semaine Africaine

| style="text-align:left;" | Brazzaville

| 1952

| French

| {{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=John F. |last2=Decalo |first2=Samuel |year=2012 |title=Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo |edition=Fourth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oyMgIlcKuFkC&pg=PA89 |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=Scarecrow Press |page=89 |isbn=978-0-8108-7989-8 |access-date=4 February 2025 |quote=... La Semaine Africaine, the Catholic weekly published in Brazzaville since preindependence, and the country's paper of record, continued to appear regularly at all times.}}{{cite book |last1=Carter |first1=Erin Baggott |last2=Carter |first2=Brett L. |year=2023 |chapter=1.1.1 Propaganda as Persuasion: The Republic of Congo |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-kLGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 |title=Propaganda in Autocracies: Institutions, Information, and the Politics of Belief |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=5 |isbn=9781009271226 |access-date=4 February 2025 |quote=La Semaine Africaine has long been regarded as Congo's vieille dame: its 'gray lady,' a reference to The New York Times. Founded as a church newsletter in the 1950s, La Semaine Africaine became Congo's newspaper of record during the democratic transition of the early 1990s. It now publishes twice weekly and, although its journalists self-censor, it remains independent.}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Romania}} Romania

| style="text-align:left;" | Central Europe

| {{sort|Adevărul|}}

| Adevărul

| style="text-align:left;" | Bucharest

| 1871

| Romanian

| {{cite book |last=Gallagher |first=Tom |author-link=Thomas Gerard Gallagher |year=2001 |chapter=Nationalism and Romanian Political Culture in the 1990s |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XMmGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA112 |title=Post-Communist Romania |location=London |publisher=Palgrave Publishers |page=112 |isbn=978-0-333-97791-0 |access-date=5 February 2025 |quote=Adevărul, the closest approximation to a paper of record in Romania, has been particularly strident on Hungarian issues and on other themes that strike deep into the national psyche.}}{{cite book |last1=Dimitrova |first1=Daniela V. |last2=Postelnicu |first2=Monica |year=2008 |chapter=Chapter 11. Coverage of the Election in Candidate Countries: A View from Bulgaria and Romania |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TSC4dVQAK6QC&pg=PA180 |title=The EU Expansion: Communicating Shared Sovereignty in the Parliamentary |location=New York City |publisher=Peter Lang |page=180 |isbn=978-1-4331-0243-1 |access-date=5 February 2025 |quote=Adevarul was the largest newspaper in Romania during Communism. ... Today Adevarul is considered a prestigious newspaper.}}{{cite journal |last1=Light |first1=Duncan |last2=Young |first2=Craig |year=2009 |title=European Union enlargement, post-accession migration and imaginative geographies of the 'New Europe': media discourses in Romania and the United Kingdom |journal=Journal of Cultural Geography |volume=26 |issue=3 |location=Oxfordshire |publisher=Taylor & Francis |page=294 |doi=10.1080/08873630903322205 |quote=The first is Adevărul ('the Truth') one of Romania's most serious newspapers (equivalent to a UK 'broadsheet') with something of a reputation as a 'newspaper of record.'}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Serbia}} Serbia

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

| {{sort|Politika|File:Logo of Politika.svg}}

| Politika

| style="text-align:left;| Belgrade

| 1904

| rowspan="2" |Serbian

|{{cite web |url=http://bulletin.arcadia.edu/2011/02/grigorev-commentary-in-politika-serbs-vote-is-pragmatic/ |title=Grigorev Commentary in Politika: Serbs Vote is Pragmatic |date=1 February 2011 |website=The Bulletin Arcadia University |quote=... wrote a commentary in the Jan. 26 issue of Politika, the Serbian newspaper of record and the oldest daily in the Balkans.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108031113/http://bulletin.arcadia.edu/2011/02/grigorev-commentary-in-politika-serbs-vote-is-pragmatic/|archive-date= 8 January 2016}}{{cite book | title=Discourses on Identity in 'First' and 'Other' Serbia: Social Construction of the Self and the Other in a Divided Serbia | date=March 2020 | isbn=978-3838207117 | publisher=Columbia University Press | first=Ana Russell | last=Omaljev | quote=In addition, the conservative quality daily newspaper Politika is consulted on various issues, as it is still considered the daily newspaper of record in Serbia. | pages=43–44}}

|-

| {{sort|Danas|File:LogoDanas.png}}

| Danas

| style="text-align:left;" | Belgrade

| 1997

|{{cite web | url=http://www.voxeurop.eu/en/content/source-information/882181-danas | title=Danas | publisher=VOXeurop | date=18 January 2017 | access-date=2 January 2018}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Singapore}} Singapore

| style="text-align:left;" | Southeast Asia

| {{sort|Straits Times, The|File:The Straits Times Logo.svg}}

| The Straits Times{{efn|name=Straits}}

| style="text-align:left;" | Singapore

| 1845

| English

|{{cite book |last=Christopher |first=H. Sterling |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofjo0001unse |title=Encyclopedia of Journalism |date=2009 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-0761929574 |volume=1 |page=108 |chapter=A–C |author-link=Christopher H. Sterling |url-access=registration}}{{cite journal |last=Babcock |first=Joshua |author-link= |date=Winter 2023 |title=(De)coupling Positional Whiteness and White Identities through "Good English" in Singapore |journal=Signs and Society |location=Chicago |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=23–44 |doi=10.1086/722624 |doi-access=free |issn=2326-4489 |quote=the Straits Times [is] Singapore's state-run newspaper of record |quote-page=33}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|South Africa}} South Africa

| style="text-align:left;" | South Africa

| {{sort|Mail & Guardian|100px}}

| Mail & Guardian

| style="text-align:left;" | Johannesburg

| 1985

| English

|{{cite book |last=Christopher |first=H. Sterling |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofjo0001unse |title=Encyclopedia of Journalism |date=2009 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-0761929574 |volume=1 |page=39 |chapter=A–C |author-link=Christopher H. Sterling |url-access=registration}}{{cite journal | last=Jones | first=Adam | title=From Rightist to 'Brightest'? The Strange Tale of South Africa's Citizen. | journal= Journal of Southern African Studies | volume=24 | issue=2 | date=1998 | pages=325–45 | doi=10.1080/03057079808708579 | jstor=2637530 | bibcode=1998JSAfS..24..325J | access-date=8 May 2022 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637530}}

|-

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|South Korea}} South Korea

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | East Asia

| {{sort|Chosun Ilbo, The|File:Chosun IIbo Logo.svg}}

| The Chosun Ilbo

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Seoul

| 1920

| rowspan="3" | Korean

| {{cite book |last1=Youm |first1=Kyu Ho |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IUdvDwAAQBAJ |title=Korean Communication, Media, and Culture: An Annotated Bibliography |last2=Kwak |first2=Nojin |date=August 2018 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-1498583329 |edition=1st |page=71 |chapter=3 |quote=The prominent "big three" publications — Chosun Ilbo, Dong-A Ilbo, and Joongang Ilbo — are newspapers of record with a combined three million subscribers. |author-link1=Kyu Ho Youm}}

|-

| {{sort|Dong-A Ilbo, The|File:Dong-a Ilbo logo.svg}}

| The Dong-A Ilbo

| 1920

|

|-

| {{sort|JoongAng Ilbo|File:중앙일보CI.png}}

| JoongAng Ilbo

| 1965

|

|-

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain

| rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

| {{sort|La Vanguardia|File:La Vanguardia (cabecera).svg}}

| La Vanguardia

| style="text-align:left;" | Barcelona

| 1881

| rowspan="3" | Spanish

|{{cite news|access-date=10 November 2022 |date=5 July 2022 |periodical=El País |title=EGM 2022: La SER cierra temporada de nuevo como la radio más escuchada |url=https://elpais.com/television/2022-07-05/la-ser-cierra-temporada-de-nuevo-como-la-radio-mas-escuchada.html}}

|-

| {{sort|Mundo, El|File:El Mundo logo.svg}}

| El Mundo

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | Madrid

| 1989

|{{cite book |last=Sklair |first=Leslie |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=whMHEAAAQBAJ |title=The Anthropocene in Global Media: Neutralizing the Risk |date=May 2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0367641993 |page=174 |quote=Coverage in El Mundo, the second 'newspaper of record' in Spain (mainly in 2016) begins with two well-researched ...}}

|-

| {{sort|Pais, El|File:El Pais logo 2007.svg}}

| El País

| 1976

|{{cite book |last1=Sachsman |first1=David B |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ES8WzwEACAAJ |title=Routledge Handbook of Environmental Journalism |last2=Myer Valenti |first2=JoAnn |date=June 2022 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1032336442 |quote=For this chapter, we analyzed the environmental information published by the newspaper of record in Spain, El País.}}{{cite book |last1=Enjuto-Rangel |first1=Cecilia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RnJvEAAAQBAJ |title=Transatlantic Studies: Latin America, Iberia, and Africa |last2=Faber |first2=Sebastiaan |last3=García-Caro |first3=Pedro |last4=Newcomb |first4=Robert Patrick |date=December 2019 |publisher=Liverpool University Press |isbn=978-1789620252 |page=127 |quote=A few days later, a Spanish newspaper of record, El País, published an interview ...}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Sweden}} Sweden

| style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

| {{sort|Dagens Nyheter|File:Dagens Nyheter.svg}}

| Dagens Nyheter

| style="text-align:left;" | Stockholm

| 1864

| Swedish

|{{Cite web |last=Ahari |first=Shannon K. Tanhayi |title=Research Guides: Scandinavian Studies: Newspapers |url=https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=472615&p=8511494 |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=UCLA Library |language=en}}{{cite news|title=Immigrants outraged over Sweden's racial profiling|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=33363|access-date=10 October 2013|work=The Standard|date=15 March 2013|quote=Dagens Nyheter, Sweden's paper of record.}}

|-

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Switzerland}} Switzerland

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | West Europe

| {{sort|Neue Zürcher Zeitung|File:Neue Zürcher Zeitung.svg}}

| Neue Zürcher Zeitung

| style="text-align:left;" | Zurich

| 1780

| German

|{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/410460/Neue-Zurcher-Zeitung|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|access-date=30 August 2012}}{{cite book |last1=Schiller-Merkens |first1=Simone |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HwSqDwAAQBAJ |title=The Contested Moralities of Markets |last2=Balsiger |first2=Philip |date=October 2019 |publisher=Emerald Group Publishing |isbn=978-1787691209 |quote=In addition, we consulted all 302 newspaper articles in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung (the newspaper of record in the German-speaking part of Switzerland), and Le Temps (the newspaper of record in the German-speaking part of Switzerland), that covered...}}

|-

| {{sort|Temps, Le|File:Logo Le Temps (Schweiz).svg}}

| Le Temps

| style="text-align:left;" | Geneva

| 1998{{efn|Merger of Journal de Genève (founded 1826), Gazette de Lausanne (1798), and Nouveau Quotidien (1991).}}

| French

|[http://www.foeg.uzh.ch/jahrbuch/Broschur_Jahrbuch_foeg_englisch_2012.pdf The Quality of the Media], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924014134/http://www.foeg.uzh.ch/jahrbuch/Broschur_Jahrbuch_foeg_englisch_2012.pdf |date=24 September 2015 }}, main findings, Research Department on Public Opinion and Society (FÖG) of the University of Zurich, 2012.

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Thailand}} Thailand

| style="text-align:left;" | Southeast Asia

| {{sort|Bangkok Post|File:BangkokPost.svg}}

| Bangkok Post

| style="text-align:left;" | Bangkok

| 1946

| English

|{{Cite book |last1=Katz |first1=William A. |author-link=William Katz (librarian) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aCD0vxhNyuwC&q=Thailand%20%22Newspaper%20of%20Record%22 |title=Magazines for Libraries For the General Reader and School, Junior College, College, University, and Public Libraries |last2=Katz |first2=Linda Sternberg |publisher=Bowker |year=1997 |edition=9th |page=185 |isbn=978-0-8352-3907-3 |quote=Bangkok Post is the English-language newspaper of record in Thailand...}}{{Cite journal |last1=Lawler |first1=John J. |last2=Bae |first2=Johngseok |date=April 1998 |title=Overt Employment Discrimination by Multinational Firms: Cultural and Economic Influences in a Developing Country |url=https://library.fes.de/libalt/journals/swetsfulltext/4177619.pdf |journal=Industrial Relations |publisher=Blackwell Publishers |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=137 |doi=10.1111/0019-8676.00079 |s2cid=154396371 |quote=The Bangkok Post was used because it is a newspaper of record in Thailand and the most widely read of the English-language dailies. |via=Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung}}{{cite news|last1= Ruiz|first1= Todd |date= 16 March 2022 |title=Bangkok Post trashed for broadcasting Russian ambassador's 'propaganda' |url=https://coconuts.co/bangkok/news/bangkok-post-trashed-for-broadcasting-russian-ambassadors-propaganda/ |work= Coconuts Bangkok |publisher= Coconuts Media |access-date= 19 February 2024 |quote= The newspaper of record’s decision to uncritically broadcast a closed session with Russia’s ambassador to Thailand yesterday has been met with anger and disbelief.}}{{Cite thesis |last=Hart |first=Bonnye |title=WAI UNBALANCED? A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE 2011 THAILAND GENERAL ELECTION IN THE BANGKOK POST NEWSPAPER |date=December 2013 |degree=M.A. Major in Mass Communication |publisher=Texas State University |url=https://digital.library.txstate.edu/bitstream/handle/10877/4859/HART-THESIS-2013.pdf }}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Trinidad and Tobago}} Trinidad and Tobago

| style="text-align:left;" | North America

| {{sort|Trinidad and Tobago Guardian|File:T&t guardian logo.png}}

| Trinidad and Tobago Guardian

| style="text-align:left;" | Port of Spain

| 1917

| English

|{{cite journal| journal=Caribbean Review of Books | url=http://caribbeanreviewofbooks.com/crb-archive/10-november-2006/laureate-of-nowhere/ | title=Laureate of nowhere | first=Laurence |last=Breiner | date=November 2006 | access-date=10 May 2022 | quote=..that although the Guardian is the nation's [Trinidad and Tobago] newspaper of record...| volume=10}}{{cite book |last=Beezley |first=William H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zlPEAAAQBAJ |title=Latin America 2020-2022 |date=September 2021 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1475856439 |edition=54th |page=394 |quote=The [Trinidad and Togabo] Guardian, founded in 1917, is the country's newspaper of record.}}

|-

| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Turkey}} Turkey

| style="text-align:left;" | West Asia

| {{sort|Cumhuriyet|File:Cumhuriyet logo.svg}}

| Cumhuriyet

| style="text-align:left;" | Istanbul

| 1924

| Turkish

|{{cite news | newspaper=The Guardian | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/24/turkish-activists-decry-attack-press-freedom-journalists-stand-trial | title=Turkish activists decry attack on press freedom as journalists stand trial | date=24 July 2017 | access-date=10 May 2022 | first1=Kareem |last1=Shaheen |first2=Gözde | last2=Hatunoğlu | quote=...because Cumhuriyet, the country’s newspaper of record that is committed to secularism...}}

|-

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | North Europe

| {{sort|Daily Telegraph, The|File:The Telegraph.svg}}

| The Daily Telegraph

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | London

| 1855

| rowspan="4" |English

|{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3409185.stm|title=The UK's 'other paper of record'|date=19 January 2004|work=BBC News|access-date=21 March 2009}}

|-

| {{sort|Financial Times, The|File:Financial Times masthead.svg}}

| Financial Times

| 1888

|{{cite web | website=McMaster University Library | url=https://libguides.mcmaster.ca/news/record | title=A Newspaper of Record | date=2022 | access-date=8 July 2022}}

|-

|{{sort|Guardian, The|File:The Guardian 2018.svg}}

| The Guardian

| 1821{{efn|Founded as The Manchester Guardian, adopted its present name in 1959.}}

|{{cite book|author1=Corey Frost|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7rGhDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA27|title=The Broadview Guide to Writing: A Handbook for Students|author2=Karen Weingarten|author3=Doug Babington|author4=Don LePan|author5=Maureen Okun|date=30 May 2017|publisher=Broadview Press|isbn=978-1-55481-313-1|edition=6th|pages=27–|access-date=7 May 2022}}

|-

| {{sort|Times, The|File:The Times masthead.svg}}

| The Times

| 1785{{efn|Named The Daily Universal Register until 1788.}}

|

|-

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|United States}} United States

| rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;style=" text-align:left; |North America

| {{sort|Los Angeles Times|File:Los Angeles Times.svg}}

|Los Angeles Times

| style="text-align:left;" | Los Angeles

|1881

| rowspan="4" |English

|

|-

| {{sort|New York Times, The|File:NewYorkTimes.svg}}

|The New York Times

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | New York City

| 1851

|{{cite encyclopedia|title=The New York Times|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=8 May 2023 |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/412546/The-New-York-Times|quote="... long the newspaper of record in the United States and one of the world's great newspapers."}}{{cite book |last=Christopher |first=H. Sterling |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofjo0003unse |title=Encyclopedia of Journalism |date=2009 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-0761929574 |volume=3 |page=1020 |chapter= |quote=The New York Times is widely recognised as the country's newspaper of record. |author-link=Christopher H. Sterling |url-access=registration}}

|-

| {{sort|Wall Street Journal, The|File:WSJ Logo.svg}}

| The Wall Street Journal

| 1889

|

|-

| {{sort|Washington Post, The|File:The Logo of The Washington Post Newspaper.svg}}

| The Washington Post

| style="text-align:left;" | Washington, D.C.

|1877

|{{cite web|title=On The Washington Post and the 'newspaper of record' epithet|url=https://www.politico.com/media/story/2015/12/on-the-washington-post-and-the-newspaper-of-record-epithet-004303|website=Politico | first=Ken | last=Doctor | date=12 March 2015 | access-date=8 May 2022}}

|-

|style="text-align:left;" | {{flagicon|Vatican City}} Vatican City

|style="text-align:left;" | South Europe

|{{sort|L'Osservatore Romano, |File:L'Osservatore-Romano-logo.svg}}

|L'Osservatore Romano

|style="text-align:left;" | Rome

|1861

|Italian, English, French, Spanish, German, Polish, and Portuguese

|{{Cite news |last=Bohlen |first=Celestine |date=1996-12-23 |title=Vatican Newspaper of Record Best Read for What It Doesn't Record |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/23/business/vatican-newspaper-of-record-best-read-for-what-it-doesn-t-record.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114053416/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/23/business/vatican-newspaper-of-record-best-read-for-what-it-doesn-t-record.html |archive-date=14 November 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite web |title=L'Osservatore Romano {{!}} newspaper {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/LOsservatore-Romano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924183342/https://www.britannica.com/topic/LOsservatore-Romano |archive-date=24 September 2022 |website=britannica.com |language=en}}

|}

File:El Nacional building.jpg, Venezuela's long-standing newspaper of record, which was seized by the state in 2018 and forced out of newsprint production]]

Over time, some established newspapers of record by reputation have lost their status due to financial collapse, take-over or merger by another entity that did not have the same standards or allowed increased government control and suppression of the paper's editorial independence. The existence of newspapers of record by reputation is an aspect of the level of press freedom and political freedom in a country, with major first-world democracies having several such newspapers (e.g. United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, Italy and Japan); in contrast, countries that have seen a decline in their newspapers of record by reputation can represent a decline in levels of personal and political freedom (e.g. Zimbabwe, Venezuela, and Cambodia).{{cite book |last=Christopher |first=H. Sterling |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofjo0003unse |title=Encyclopedia of Journalism |date=2009 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-0761929574 |volume=3 |page=1020 |author-link=Christopher H. Sterling |url-access=registration}}

Examples include:

• Zimbabwe's The Herald, lost its status as an established newspaper of record when it was eventually taken over by Robert Mugabe's Zanu-PF party.{{cite book |last=Eckson Mugari |first=Zvenyika |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MabYDwAAQBAJ |title=Press Silence in Postcolonial Zimbabwe: News Whiteouts, Journalism and Power |date=March 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0367252250}}
• Venezuela's newspaper of record, El Nacional, was forced out of print by the state in 2018, and its headquarters was given to a high-ranking official.{{cite web | website=Caracas Chronicles | title=From Distant Glory Days to Utter Degradation, El Nacional Mirrored Venezuela | date=19 December 2018 | access-date=9 May 2022 | first=José González | last=Vargas | url=https://www.caracaschronicles.com/2018/12/18/from-distant-glory-days-to-utter-degradation-el-nacional-mirrored-venezuela/}}
• London-based pan-Arab newspaper of record, Al-Hayat, ceased in 2020 due to financial and political pressures.{{Cite news|author=Editorial | title=Pan-Arab newspaper al-Hayat officially closes after decades of journalism|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/saudi-owned-newspaper-al-hayat-suspended-permenantly-after-32-jourmalism|access-date=14 May 2022|newspaper=Middle East Eye |language=en | date=4 March 2020}}{{Cite web|date=26 May 2020|title=Will the Pandemic Kill Arab Print Journalism?|url=https://tcf.org/content/report/will-pandemic-kill-arab-print-journalism/|access-date=14 May 2022|website=The Century Foundation |language=en | first=Aron | last=Lund}}
• In Cambodia, the Hun Sen administration forced both of Cambodia's newspapers of record out of business using contrived tax fines that resulted in the closure of The Cambodia Daily in 2017,{{cite news| last = Philp| first = Catherine| date = 5 November 2017| title = Cambodia Daily survived tanks but not descent into outright dictatorship| url = https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/cambodia-daily-survived-tanks-but-not-descent-into-outright-dictatorship-vggtht07b| work = The Times| access-date = 3 December 2020}}{{cite news | newspaper=The Guardian | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/04/cambodia-daily-shuts-with-dictatorship-parting-shot-at-prime-minister-hun-sen | date=4 September 2017 | title=Cambodia Daily shuts with 'dictatorship' parting shot at prime minister Hun Sen | access-date=14 May 2022 | agency=Reuters}} and the sale of The Phnom Penh Post to a close ally of the Hun Sen administration in 2018.{{cite web | website=Lowy Institute | url=https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/courageous-voice-truth-silenced-cambodia | first=Milton | last=Osborne | date=11 May 2018 | title=Courageous voice for truth silenced in Cambodia | access-date=14 May 2022 | author-link=Milton Osborne}}{{cite news| last = Parkhouse| first = Alan| date = 7 May 2018| title = New start or sad end for Cambodia's last free newspaper?| url = https://asiatimes.com/2018/05/new-start-or-sad-end-for-cambodias-last-free-newspaper/| work = Asia Times| access-date = 3 December 2020}}
• Latvian newspaper Diena saw its established status as a newspaper of record diminish after a 2010 takeover, with the Historical Dictionary of Latvia (2017) listing it as "holding tenuously to a popular newspaper-of-record sentiment at home and abroad" due to "questions of ownership and if said owners influence newspaper content".{{cite book |last1=Plakans |first1=Andrejs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbmnDgAAQBAJ |title=Historical Dictionary of Latvia |last2=Purs |first2=Aldis |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2017 |isbn=978-1538102206 |edition=3rd |page=90 |author-link1=Andrejs Plakans}}
• Népszabadság, Hungary's de facto newspaper of record, ceased publication in 2016 due to political and financial pressure.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/12/world/europe/hungary-newspaper-nepszabadsag.html|title=Newspaper Closes in Hungary, and Hungarians See Government's Hand|last=Bienvenu|first=Helene|date=2016-10-11|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-10-15}}

• Freedom of the press
• Grupo de Diarios América
• List of national newspapers
• List of government gazettes
• Weekly newspaper

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Buckman |first=Robert T. |year=2007 |chapter=Periodicals – Dominican Republic |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/greenwoodencyclo0002unse_v5p9 |chapter-url-access=registration |title=The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Popular Culture |location=Westport, Connecticut |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-33256-2 |access-date=4 February 2025 |quote=}}

{{Journalism}}

Category:Newspapers by type

Category:Newspaper terminology

Category:Public records

Category:Lists of publications

Category:Lists of newspapers