rasht

There are multiple views about the origin of the city's name.{{cite web |date=1 November 2015 |title='Rasht" nāmi ke 900 sāl qedmat va rishe dar horuf-e 'abjad' dārad |script-title=fa:"رشت" نامی که ۹۰۰ سال قدمت و ریشه در حروف "ابجد" دارد |trans-title=Rasht, a name that is 900 years old and has roots in the Abjad letters |url=https://www.8deynews.com?p=96911 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208234730/https://www.8deynews.com/96911/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-900%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC/ |archive-date=8 December 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=8DeyNews.com |language=fa}}{{cite news |date=27 February 2019 |title=Nām-e 'Rasht' az kojā āmade ast |script-title=fa:نام "رشت" از کجا آمده است |trans-title=Where has the name "Rasht" come from? |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/97120703825/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925040551/https://www.isna.ir/news/97120703825/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA |archive-date=25 September 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |work=Iranian Students' News Agency |language=fa}} According to one view, the root of the city's name is the word resh ({{Script|ar|رش}}), meaning "very light rain". This is connected with the rainy weather of the area. According to another view, the correct pronunciation of the city's name is Resht, deriving from the root of the verb risidan ({{Lang|fa|ریسیدن}}) or reshtan ({{Lang|fa|رشتن}}), both meaning "to spin". This is connected with the importance of silk thread production in the city. The name has also been interpreted as meaning "low, sunken place"; apparently the word originally described a market in the area (rasht bazar) and was later applied to the settlement. Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda cites a tradition according to which the sum of the numerical values of the letters (per Abjad numerals) corresponds to the date of the founding of the city (900 AH, or 1494/95 AD),{{Cite web |last=Dehkhoda |first=Ali Akbar |author-link=Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda |date=2020 |title=Meaning of 'رشت' in 'لغت‌نامۀ دهخدا' |url=https://dehkhoda.ut.ac.ir/en/dictionary/detail/163906?title=%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA |access-date=14 April 2025 |website=Dehkhoda.ut.ac.ir |publisher=Dehkhoda Lexicon Institute and Internation Center for Persian Studies}} Based on the 15-volume Loghat-name-ye Dehkhoda published in 1998. although the name is mentioned in the 10th-century geography Hudud al-'Alam (albeit as the name of a district, not of a city).{{Cite web |last=Nikitine |first=B. |last2=Bosworth |first2=C. E. |date=2012 |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P. |title=Ras̲h̲t |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_6243 |url-access=subscription |website=Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online (EI-2 English) |publisher=Brill}}

File:Dana Ali in Rasht.jpg{{Main|History of Gilan|Gīlān Province#History}}

• 682: Rasht was first mentioned in Umayyad historical documents.
• 1669: Stenka Razin, a Cossack warlord, plundered the city.
• 1714: Rasht destroyed by earthquake.
• 1722–1732: Occupation by the Russians due to the Russo-Persian War.
• 1901: A major epidemic plague devastates the city.
• 1917–1920: The Russian and British armed forces fight in the port city of Bandar-e Anzali and Rasht. The British retreat and the Russians occupy the area.
• 1920–1921: The short-lived Gilan Soviet Socialist Republic was established with its capital in Rasht.
• 1937: A revolt, sparked by the desire to collect a "road tax" from the Russians, was suppressed.
• 1974: First university established in Rasht.

Rasht was first mentioned in Umayyad historical documents in 682 CE. It has seen the Sassanid era, the Rashidun conquest, the armies of Peter the Great and later Russian rulers, and British colonialism. The people of Rasht also played a major role in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran.

Rasht has, along with regions around Tabriz and Tehran, one of the earliest industry plants during the last quarter of the 19th century, prominently in fields such as fishing, caviar production, the Caspian sea oil pipeline construction and textiles. During the 20th century, until the mid-70s, Gilan and the Rasht region was the third-ranking industrial city in Iran by number of workers and per capita productivity. It lost its cultural and industrial status to a large extent after the 1970s.

The people of Rasht played a prominent role in instigation and radicalization of the Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1907). Rasht is the birthplace of Mīrzā Kūchak Khān, one of the leading figures of the Constitutional Revolution. His own movement in Gilan, which went by the name of Jangalis, represented a pro-modern and social democratic program for reformation of Muslim rituals and traditions. Mirza established the short-lived Persian Socialist Soviet Republic in 1920 after the defeat of the constitutional forces and in coalition with Iranian communists.

The republic had the support of the newly established Russian Red Army. The Soviet Government, after a turn of military and political strategy proposed by Trotsky, withdrew its support and the republic itself was tormented by the inner conflicts between the newly established Iranian Communist Party (1919) and the Jangalis and other factions. The republic was finally defeated by the Iranian army under the command of Reza Shah.

The first national library of Iran was established in Rasht under the Qajar dynasty. Nasim-e-Shomal, the first{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} modern newspaper of Iran after the constitutional revolution, has been initially published in Rasht. First Public Library of Iran was built in Rasht City.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090124144356/http://nlai.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=466] First Branch of the First Iranian Bank (Sepah Bank) was located in Rasht City.[http://www.banksepah.ir/default.aspx?tabid=160] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111062556/https://www.banksepah.ir/default.aspx?tabid=160|date=2021-01-11}} First branch of 24/7 pharmacy (Karoon pharmacy) was built in Rasht City. First school for girls and first fire station in Iran were also built in Rasht City. The city of Rasht was the center of Gilan and the center of the first province of the country.

During the Qajar period, along with economic development between Iran and Russia, Noghan trade and other products expanded. Thus, Rasht became the gateway to Europe in the 19th century. {{ill|Grigoriy Melgunov|ru|Mel'gunov, Grigoriy Vаleriаnovich}}, a Russian orientalist and writer who visited Rasht at the end of 1860, wrote in his published notes that the city at that time had 5463 houses, 1021 shops, 22 mosques, 34 schools and 17 bathhouses, and a population of 27,314.{{cite book |last=Melgunov |first=Grigoriy |date=1863 |script-title=ru:O yuzhnom berege Kаspiyskogo morya |trans-title=On the south coast of the Caspian Sea |url=http://elib.shpl.ru/ru/nodes/71217-melgunov-g-v-o-yuzhnom-berege-kaspiyskogo-morya-spb-1863 |pages=220–221 |language=ru |location=Saint Petersburg |publisher=Printing Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences}} At that time, Rasht's political credibility was such that the Russian, British, and Ottoman governments had consulates in Rasht.The Adventures of a Frenchman in Rasht / Jean-Baptiste Nicola

Rasht is turning into an industrialized town like most of the Iranian large cities and province capitals. Enjoying the Kadus International Hotel and hundreds of tourist attractions, Rasht receives thousands of foreign tourists annually, mostly from Austria, Germany, Netherlands, France, Australia, Japan and African countries like Senegal and Cameroon as well as countries from Oceania like Micronesia.

Rasht is known for its famous municipal building, located in the Square of Municipality, which was constructed circa 1900, and has been renovated each year. Due to the high amount of humidity in Rasht which damages and destroys the aged buildings, the native, older architectural texture of Rasht is gradually being replaced with the modern skyscrapers and apartments.

The culture of consumerism is prevalent among the people of Rasht as a cultural and urban center which is historically engaged in close commercial and political ties with the United Kingdom, Russia and France. Due to this background which makes the inhabitants much familiar with the industrial, cultural and political developments of the west, the finance and credit institutions are more willing to open representative offices and bureaus in Rasht and it has made the city a center of various banks and financial organizations.

There are many commercial centers, malls and financial institutions in Rasht including one branch of the Exports Development Bank of Iran which is an international bank dealing with the Iranian exports. The organizers and directors of national Iranian or non-Iranian banks afford to spend considerable amounts of budgets to construct attractive and modern buildings for their offices in Rasht.

File:Panorama of boosar neighberhood in Rasht.tif

Since the Islamic Revolution of 1979 in Iran, there have always been requests on behalf of Russian, Turkish and Azeri banks to open branches in Rasht and that is why the city is endowed as the "gate of Europe" in Iran. The head consulate of the Russian Federation government is located in Rasht and some of the other Caspian region countries are also keen to establish representative headquarters in Rasht alongside their embassies in Tehran.

Some evidences are the University of Gilan which was constructed jointly by the governments of Iran and West Germany about 40 years ago, the building of IRIB representatives in Rasht which was constructed jointly by the Iranian and Belgian engineers.

File:Kolah Farangi in Rasht.jpg|Kolah Farangi Mansion

File:Mohtasham park in Rasht.jpg|Mohtasham Park in Rasht

File:Municipal Square.jpg|Rasht Municipality

File:Rasht Saravan park.jpg|Rasht Saravan Park

File:Governor building of Guilan in Rasht.JPG|Governor Building of Guilan in Rasht

File:First bus in Iran (Rasht).jpg

• The first branch of Bank Sepah and first Bank of Iran was established in Rasht in 1925{{Cite web |url=https://www.banksepah.ir/161/History.aspx |title=History of the first Iranian bank |access-date=2020-06-08 |archive-date=2020-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227130716/https://www.banksepah.ir/161/History.aspx |url-status=dead }}
• The first girls' school in Iran was established in RashtRASHT i. The City / Encyclopædia Iranica{{Cite web|url=https://en.mehrnews.com/news/147013/Rasht-city-of-silver-rain|title=Rasht city of silver rain|date=30 June 2019|website=Mehr News Agency}}
• The first day & night pharmacy in Iran was established in Rasht{{Cite web|url=https://afragostarco.com/index.php/%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4%db%8c/292-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae%da%86%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ae%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87-%d8%b4%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c-%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86|title=تاریخچه اولین داروخانه شبانه روزی ایران|website=afragostarco.com}}
• The first sanatorium for the elderly and disabled in Iran was established in RashtJanet D. Lazarian (2003). Encyclopedia of Iranian Armenians. Tehran: Hirmand Publisher. pp. 301–302. {{ISBN|964-6974-50-3}}.
• The first National Library of Iran was established in Rasht in 1920
• The first bus Iran arrived in Rasht{{Cite web|url=https://www.jahannews.com/gallery/283135/1/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86|title=اولین اتوبوس وارد شده به ایران|date=24 April 2013|website=جهان نيوز}}
• The first city in which the sewage system was established
• The first city in which the Russian, British, French and Ottoman governments opened their consulates and had political representatives.
• The first silk factory in IranHistory of the Russian presence in Iran / Page 395
• The first national hospital in Iran named Poursina HospitalA Survey of Patients' Satisfaction in Emergency Department of Rasht Poursina Hospital

• The first classical theater in Iran{{Cite web|url=https://www.honaronline.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-3/62039-%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1-%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B2|title=گیلان، مهد تئاتر ایران / درباره هنرهای نمایشی سرزمین هنر خیز|date=3 January 2024|website=خبرگزاری هنر ایران}}

{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}

• Golsar Street
• Imam Ali Boulevard
• Shahid Chamran Boulevard
• Ayatollah Taleghani Boulevard
• Resalat Street
• Shohaday-e Gomnam Boulevard
• Ostadsara Street
• Esteghamat Street
• Deylaman Boulevard
• Moallem Boulevard
• Imam Khomeini Boulevard
• Valiasr Street
• Enghelab Street
• Azadi Street
• Azadegan Boulevard
• Shahid Ansari Street
• Farhang Street
• Parastar Boulevard
• Bastani Shoaar Street
• Afakhra Street
• Pasdaran Street
• 22 Bahman Boulevard
• Alamolhoda Street
• Saadi Street
• Tohid Street
• Navab Street
• Gilan Boulevard
• Gholipour Boulevard
• Habibzadeh Boulevard
• Ansari Boulevard
• Suleman Darab Boulevard
• Takhti Street
• Bisotun Street

{{div col end}}

{{Clear}}

File:Golsar street Rasht.jpg|Golsar Street

File:Rasht 2013 (18) (15065756872).jpg|Golsar Street

File:Rasht gilan bolvar.jpg|Gilan Street

File:Rasht Ansari street in night.jpg|Ansari Street

{{Historical populations|percentages = pagr |1986| 290,897|1996|417,748|2006|551,161|2011|639,951|align=right|footnote=source:{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/iran/cities/|title=Iran: Provinces, Major Cities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=www.citypopulation.de}}|2016|679,995}}

The city of Rasht is the most populated city in the north of the country and one of the metropolises of Iran. At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 551,161 in 159,983 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Gilan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/01.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920083905/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/01.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}} The following census in 2011 counted 639,951 people in 204,054 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Gilan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gilan.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008063316/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gilan.xls|archive-date=8 October 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}} The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 679,995 people in 228,142 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Gilan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_01.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204200858/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_01.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=4 December 2020}}

People of Rasht are mostly Gilaks (98/2%) and they speak Rashti variety of Western Gilaki language.{{cite book |last= Jahangiri |first= Dr. Nader |date= |title= گویش گیلکی لاهیجان |trans-title= Lahijani Dialect of Gilaki |url= |language= Persian |location= Iran |publisher= Tokyo University of Foreign Studies |page= |isbn=}}{{citation |last= Resaei |first= Ayoub |date= 2006 |title= گویش گیلکی فومنات |trans-title= Foumani Dialect of Gilaki |url= |language= Persian |location= Iran |publisher= Allameh Tabataba'i University|page= 65 |isbn=}}{{cite book |last= Sotoudeh |first= Manouchehr |date= 1953 |title= فرهنگ گیلکی |trans-title= Gilaki Culture |url= |language= Persian, Gilaki |location= Iran |publisher= فرهنگ ایلیا |pages= 17, 18 |isbn=}}{{cite book |last= Shokri |first= Giti |date= 2006 |title= گویش رامسری |trans-title= Ramsari Dialect |url= |language= Persian |location= Iran |publisher= پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی |page= 14 |isbn=}}

{{cite web | url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/west2931 | title=Glottolog 4.6 - Western Gilaki }}

{{cite web | url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/glk | title=Gilaki }}

Rasht has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa, Trewartha: Cf). The climate is one of the wettest in Iran, with warm summers and cool winters, sometimes with snow.{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=407190&cityname=Rasht%2C+Gilan%2C+Iran&units=|title=Rasht, Iran Climate Summary|publisher=Weatherbase|access-date=1 April 2015}} The average humidity is above 80%, contrasting heavily with cities in many other parts of Iran. Sunshine hours, averaging roughly 1,700 per year, is lower than in most places in Iran and also compared to most places at this latitude. Rasht is also known as "The City of Rain".{{Weather box

| metric first = yes

| single line = Yes

| location = Rasht, (normals and extremes 1991-2020)

| Jan record high C = 27.5

| Feb record high C = 29.8

| Mar record high C = 38.0

| Apr record high C = 37.4

| May record high C = 38.6

| Jun record high C = 35.2

| Jul record high C = 36.6

| Aug record high C = 38.4

| Sep record high C = 40.0

| Oct record high C = 37.4

| Nov record high C = 32.3

| Dec record high C = 29.2

| year record high C =

| Jan high C = 11.6

| Feb high C = 11.5

| Mar high C = 14.7

| Apr high C = 19.1

| May high C = 24.4

| Jun high C = 28.5

| Jul high C = 30.5

| Aug high C = 30.9

| Sep high C = 27.2

| Oct high C = 22.8

| Nov high C = 17.0

| Dec high C = 13.3

| year high C =

| Jan mean C = 7.1

| Feb mean C = 7.0

| Mar mean C = 9.7

| Apr mean C = 14.0

| May mean C = 19.6

| Jun mean C = 23.8

| Jul mean C = 25.7

| Aug mean C = 25.7

| Sep mean C = 22.3

| Oct mean C = 17.9

| Nov mean C = 12.5

| Dec mean C = 8.9

| year mean C =

| Jan low C = 3.8

| Feb low C = 3.9

| Mar low C = 6.6

| Apr low C = 10.5

| May low C = 15.9

| Jun low C = 19.8

| Jul low C = 21.8

| Aug low C = 21.7

| Sep low C = 19.0

| Oct low C = 14.6

| Nov low C = 9.3

| Dec low C = 5.6

| year low C =

| Jan record low C = -11.6

| Feb record low C = -9.0

| Mar record low C = -2.1

| Apr record low C = -0.2

| May record low C = 3.8

| Jun record low C = 12.1

| Jul record low C = 14.8

| Aug record low C = 14.8

| Sep record low C = 11.5

| Oct record low C = 7.8

| Nov record low C = -3.6

| Dec record low C = -3.5

| year record low C =

| precipitation colour = green

| unit precipitation days = 1 mm

| Jan precipitation mm = 131.4

| Feb precipitation mm = 131.6

| Mar precipitation mm = 108.3

| Apr precipitation mm = 73.1

| May precipitation mm = 41.5

| Jun precipitation mm = 41.7

| Jul precipitation mm = 52.3

| Aug precipitation mm = 71.8

| Sep precipitation mm = 159.3

| Oct precipitation mm = 200.4

| Nov precipitation mm = 218.2

| Dec precipitation mm = 153.2

| year precipitation mm =

| Jan snow depth cm = 6.09

| Feb snow depth cm = 4.46

| Mar snow depth cm = 0.62

| Apr snow depth cm = 0.0

| May snow depth cm = 0.0

| Jun snow depth cm = 0.0

| Jul snow depth cm = 0.0

| Aug snow depth cm = 0.0

| Sep snow depth cm = 0.0

| Oct snow depth cm = 0.0

| Nov snow depth cm = 0.53

| Dec snow depth cm = 0.6

| year snow depth cm =

| Jan precipitation days = 10

| Feb precipitation days = 10.2

| Mar precipitation days = 10.1

| Apr precipitation days = 7.3

| May precipitation days = 6.2

| Jun precipitation days = 4.1

| Jul precipitation days = 3.9

| Aug precipitation days = 5.9

| Sep precipitation days = 8.7

| Oct precipitation days = 10.4

| Nov precipitation days = 11.3

| Dec precipitation days = 9.9

| year precipitation days =

| Jan humidity = 85

| Feb humidity = 85

| Mar humidity = 84

| Apr humidity = 82

| May humidity = 80

| Jun humidity = 77

| Jul humidity = 77

| Aug humidity = 79

| Sep humidity = 84

| Oct humidity = 87

| Nov humidity = 88

| Dec humidity = 86

| year humidity =

| Jan dew point C = 4.2

| Feb dew point C = 4.1

| Mar dew point C = 6.7

| Apr dew point C = 10.5

| May dew point C = 15.6

| Jun dew point C = 19.2

| Jul dew point C = 21.1

| Aug dew point C = 21.4

| Sep dew point C = 19.4

| Oct dew point C = 15.5

| Nov dew point C = 10.2

| Dec dew point C = 6.2

| Jan sun = 97

| Feb sun = 91

| Mar sun = 106

| Apr sun = 128

| May sun = 190

| Jun sun = 234

| Jul sun = 234

| Aug sun = 210

| Sep sun = 143

| Oct sun = 124

| Nov sun = 98

| Dec sun = 93

| source = NOAA{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/ |title=1991-2020 climate normals: Rasht, Iran |access-date=2023-12-24 |publisher=NOAA}} IRIMO(snow depth 2004-2023){{Cite web |url=https://data.irimo.ir/withlogin/payment_complete1.aspx |url-access=subscription |website=data.irimo.ir |title=Average Extreme Snow Height for Rasht (40719) |access-date=10 May 2024 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization}}

| width = auto

}}{{Weather box

| width = auto

| location = Rasht (1956-2010,{{efn-lr|Afternoon humidity measured at 09:00UTC.(12:30 IRST)}} records 1956-2020)

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| Jan record high C = 30

| Feb record high C = 31

| Mar record high C = 38.0

| Apr record high C = 37.4

| May record high C = 38.6

| Jun record high C = 37

| Jul record high C = 37

| Aug record high C = 38.4

| Sep record high C = 40

| Oct record high C = 37.4

| Nov record high C = 36

| Dec record high C = 32

| Jan high C = 11.0

| Feb high C = 11.2

| Mar high C = 13.5

| Apr high C = 19.0

| May high C = 24.0

| Jun high C = 28.1

| Jul high C = 30.3

| Aug high C = 30.2

| Sep high C = 26.7

| Oct high C = 22.1

| Nov high C = 17.5

| Dec high C = 13.5

| Jan mean C = 6.7

| Feb mean C = 7.0

| Mar mean C = 9.4

| Apr mean C = 14.3

| May mean C = 19.2

| Jun mean C = 23.2

| Jul mean C = 25.3

| Aug mean C = 25.3

| Sep mean C = 22.2

| Oct mean C = 17.7

| Nov mean C = 12.9

| Dec mean C = 8.9

| Jan low C = 2.4

| Feb low C = 2.7

| Mar low C = 5.3

| Apr low C = 9.6

| May low C = 14.4

| Jun low C = 18.2

| Jul low C = 20.4

| Aug low C = 20.3

| Sep low C = 17.6

| Oct low C = 13.3

| Nov low C = 8.3

| Dec low C = 4.4

| Jan record low C = -19

| Feb record low C = -18

| Mar record low C = -6.4

| Apr record low C = -2

| May record low C = 3.6

| Jun record low C = 5

| Jul record low C = 11

| Aug record low C = 9

| Sep record low C = 7

| Oct record low C = 1

| Nov record low C = -4

| Dec record low C = -10

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 132.4

| Feb precipitation mm = 116.0

| Mar precipitation mm = 112.5

| Apr precipitation mm = 64.8

| May precipitation mm = 51.5

| Jun precipitation mm = 43.0

| Jul precipitation mm = 42.3

| Aug precipitation mm = 68.4

| Sep precipitation mm = 152.5

| Oct precipitation mm = 211.5

| Nov precipitation mm = 186.8

| Dec precipitation mm = 155.8

| Jan precipitation days = 13.4

| Feb precipitation days = 12.9

| Mar precipitation days = 15.4

| Apr precipitation days = 12.3

| May precipitation days = 10.9

| Jun precipitation days = 7.3

| Jul precipitation days = 6.3

| Aug precipitation days = 8.6

| Sep precipitation days = 12.0

| Oct precipitation days = 13.8

| Nov precipitation days = 12.8

| Dec precipitation days = 13.0

| Jan snow days = 2.5

| Feb snow days = 2.8

| Mar snow days = 1.3

| Apr snow days = 0.1

| May snow days = 0.0

| Jun snow days = 0.0

| Jul snow days = 0.0

| Aug snow days = 0.0

| Sep snow days = 0.0

| Oct snow days = 0.0

| Nov snow days = 0.1

| Dec snow days = 0.9

| Jan humidity = 84

| Feb humidity = 85

| Mar humidity = 84

| Apr humidity = 80

| May humidity = 78

| Jun humidity = 74

| Jul humidity = 74

| Aug humidity = 77

| Sep humidity = 82

| Oct humidity = 86

| Nov humidity = 85

| Dec humidity = 85

| Jan afthumidity = 77

| Feb afthumidity = 77

| Mar afthumidity = 75

| Apr afthumidity = 69

| May afthumidity = 66

| Jun afthumidity = 63

| Jul afthumidity = 63

| Aug afthumidity = 65

| Sep afthumidity = 71

| Oct afthumidity = 75

| Nov afthumidity = 76

| Dec afthumidity = 77

| Jan dew point C = 3.8

| Feb dew point C = 4.0

| Mar dew point C = 6.3

| Apr dew point C = 10.5

| May dew point C = 15.3

| Jun dew point C = 18.8

| Jul dew point C = 20.7

| Aug dew point C = 21.0

| Sep dew point C = 19.0

| Oct dew point C = 15.2

| Nov dew point C = 10.4

| Dec dew point C = 6.2

| Jan sun = 91.7

| Feb sun = 86.7

| Mar sun = 91.2

| Apr sun = 122.0

| May sun = 174.0

| Jun sun = 213.2

| Jul sun = 222.1

| Aug sun = 187.7

| Sep sun = 140.2

| Oct sun = 118.3

| Nov sun = 100.2

| Dec sun = 89.6

| source 1 = Shahrekord Meteorology Database[http://chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/gil/RASHT/5.asp Climatological Norms of Iran synoptic stations]. Retrieved on: September 12, 2011.

| date = September 2011

| source =

| collapsed = y

}}

{{notelist-lr}}

People of Rasht spend much on arts, food, and clothes. They spend the leisure times going to cinemas, art exhibitions, music concerts and international book fairs that are being held in the city most of times in a year. Also the municipality kicks off sports, cultural or IT-related competitions to involve the youth in healthy and constructive activities. The most beloved competition is the annual blogging competition which awards the top young bloggers each year.

Rasht has played a major role in Iranian history. It was Iran's gateway to Russia and Europe; therefore it was influenced by western architecture. Iran's first public library was built here and it was the first city in Iran where girls were allowed to go to school.

Iranian cities of Isfahan and Rasht were accepted to the UNESCO Creative Cities Network on December 11, 2015. Isfahan is registered because of its creative crafts and folk art; and Rasht because of its unique gastronomy.{{Cite web|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/414761/Iran-attends-UNESCO-annual-assembly-on-creative-cities|title=Iran attends UNESCO annual assembly on creative cities|date=4 July 2017|website=Tehran Times}} Rasht embroidery is a handicraft and art specific to the city and Gilan province.{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2015 |title=رشتی‌دوزی از لوازم خانه تا لباس |trans-title=Embroidery from home appliances to clothes |url=http://modefasl.ir/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122051542/http://modefasl.ir/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3/ |archive-date=2015-11-22 |website=Modefasl.ir}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2014 |title=رشتی دوزی و چموش دوزی هنرهای بومی "استان گیلان" |trans-title=Rashti Embroidery and Chamush Embroidery of local arts "Gilan province" |url=http://www.yjc.news/fa/news/4325063 |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=Young Journalist Club (YJC) |language=fa}}

On 4 January 2015, Rasht was selected as the political center of Gilan more than 4,500 years ago. The date 4 January was then included in the official calendar of the country as Rasht Day.

The dominant foods of Rasht people are various types of fish. Mirza Ghassemi, vavishka (a type of haggis), nargesi, baghala ghatogh, and ashpal (roe) are some other popular local dishes. Reshteh khoshkar is a well-known sweet. Zeitoun Parvardeh is a kind of delicacy prepared from olives and pomegranates; it is a popular seasoning in the city.{{cite web|url=http://www.iran-daily.com/News/990.html |title=Gilan food tourism hub |website=iran-daily.com |date=31 August 2014 |access-date=16 June 2017}}

File:Rosa 'Rose de Rescht' IMG 0167.jpg]]

Rosa 'de Rescht', like many old garden roses, presents an interesting historical background story.

This cultivar, originating in Iran, was reported at the end of 19th century in England, but it was then forgotten.

It was rediscovered near the Iranian provincial capital of Rascht by Miss Nancy Lindsay in 1945, and was brought back to the United Kingdom, where it was re-introduced around 1950.

Today it is shown in the Victorian Class, winning many trophies.{{Cite web|url=http://scvrs.homestead.com/RoseDeRescht.html|title=History of Rose de Rescht Rose|website=scvrs.homestead.com}}

{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}

The people of Rasht have always been regular fans of football which is the beloved sport in the city. Most are fans of Damash Gilan who play in the Azadegan League or Sepidrood Rasht who play in the Persian Gulf Pro League. Damash Gilan is the newer version of former Pegah football club that belonged to the municipality of Rasht, but was purchased later by the mineral water factory of Damash and changed its name and properties to Damash Gilan.

The home stadium of Damash Gilan is Dr. Azodi Stadium which is an old stadium dating back to almost 40 years ago and its capacity is 11,000 people. Sardar Jangal Stadium is the city's second stadium.

File:Sardar Jangal Stadium of Rasht.jpg of Rasht]]

Following football, wrestling, judo and weightlifting are the most popular sports of youth in Rasht and that is due to the enchanting appearance of Iranian wrestlers and weightlifters in the international competitions like Olympics. The outstanding figure of world weightlifting and the two-time olympics Gold medal winner Hossein Rezazadeh is a main inspirer of Rasht youth to try Weightlifting as their professional job. Asghar Ebrahimi who was the squad captain of Iranian weightlifting team at the 2008 Olympics is from Rasht and a successful example of those youth from Rasht who tried this national field of sport after Hossein Rezazadeh.

File:University of Guilan 2016.jpg

• University of Gilan
• Gilan university of medical sciences
• Islamic Azad University of Rasht
• Jaber ebn Hayyan Institute of Higher Education
• Payame Noor University
• Institute of Higher Education for Academic Jihad of Rasht
• Guilan Technical & Vocational Training Organization{{cite web|url=http://www.guilantvto.ir|title=اداره کل آموزش فنی و حرفه ای استان گیلان|website=www.guilantvto.ir}}
• Gilan Advanced Skills Training Center{{cite web|url=http://www.gilastc.ir|title=مرکز آموزش مهارتهای پیشرفته گیلان|website=www.gilastc.ir|access-date=2010-05-13|archive-date=2010-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100627082534/http://gilastc.ir/|url-status=dead}}
• Rasht Technical and Vocational Institute{{cite web|url=http://afr.ac.ir/home/index|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222204846/http://afr.ac.ir/home/index|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2014|title=دانشکده فنی و حرفه ای پسران رشت - شهید چمران|date=22 December 2014}}
• Guilan University of Applied and Scientific Technology[http://guilan.uast.ac.ir]{{Dead link|date=December 2022|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}

{{More citations needed section|date=October 2023}}

This city is greatly important based on its geographical situation (locating on the central plain and its large width, fertile lands and soil, being the most important region of the province and Iran in terms of rice cultivation), communicative situation (locating among Tehran–Qazvin-Anzali-Astara roads, in one hand, and the main road from Gilan to Mazandaran and the east of Gilan, on the other hand), political–administrative situation (situating as the capital city of Gilan province) and economic development, towns expansion and industrial factories and the following increase in the agricultural-commercial activities and in the number of science and technology centers.

The most residents of this city are active in service, trading and industrial jobs and paddy is the main activities of the villagers in this region.{{Cite web|url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/rasht|title= Rasht |website=Creative Cities Network - Unesco}}Economy Flights to Rasht - TripAdvisor[http://gilan.rmto.ir/English/SitePages/Gilan%20today.aspx Rasht Today]

Rasht has long been one of the most prominent customs cities in Iran. This city used to be the only communication and trade route of Iran to Europe through the Anzali port. From the time of Shah Abbas II until the end of the Qajar rule, the city of Rasht was a large commercial center, and caravans stopped in this city to buy silk and sell their goods from In this way, they were sent to the ports of the Mediterranean Sea.

The presence of the Russian Consulate and then the British Consulate in Rasht caused the economic and social prosperity of this city, and there was a representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or a broker, a Russian consul, a French deputy consul, and a British deputy consul in this city, and apart from The ruler of Rasht, the agent of foreign affairs was also stationed in Rasht on behalf of the central government. During this period, Tomanians Russian Borrowing Bank and Trading House were active in Rasht consecutively.

At the same time, Rasht's foreign trade developed and most Rashtites became millionaires, and Rasht became an aristocratic city during the Qajar period. The city is served by Refah Chain Stores Co., Iran Hyper Star, Isfahan City Center, Shahrvand Chain Stores Inc., Ofoq Kourosh chain store.

At present{{When|date=December 2023}}, Rasht has a Faculty of Pharmacy under the auspices of Gilan University of Medical Sciences and several drug production centers, one of which is a center for the production of anti-cancer nano-drugs with 24 pens. Sobhan Daroo Co. is one of the most successful pharmaceutical companies in Iran. And with more than 100 production licenses, it is currently the second largest producer in the country in terms of production volume. Sobhan Oncology Pharmaceutical Company is one of the most modern and advanced production units of anti-cancer and chemotherapy products in the world.History of Pharmacy in Iran

{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}

Hotel

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|

• Kadus Grand Hotel
• Shabestan Hotel
• Ordibehesht Hotel
• Pardis Hotel
• Ghadir Hotel
• Pamchal Hotel
• Pourya Hotel

}}

Hospital

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|

• Poursina Hospital
• Golsar Hospital
• Arya Hospital
• Pars Rasht Hospital
• Rasoul Akram Hospital
• Velayat Hospital
• Omid Hospital
• 17 Shahrivar Hospital
• Dr. Heshmat Educational & Remedial Center
• Razi University Hospital
• Qaem Hospital
• Rasht Family Hospital
• Al Zahra Hospital
• Toton Karan Hospital
• Shafa Educational & Remedial Center
• Amir Al Mo'menin Educational Remedial & Research Center

}}

{{more citations needed section|date=May 2024}}

In 1947, 50 taxis were purchased from England by the order of Fakhr-ol-dowleh (daughter of Muzaffar al-Din Shah) and imported to Iran. In 1948, the first taxi entered Rasht by crossing the main street of the city due to his interest in Gilan. Rasht Metropolitan Taxi Organization has so far organized more than 9,500 taxis and private cars.

Rasht is served by Rasht railway station, which is located south of the city near the road to Jirdeh, Shaft.[https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright OpenStreetMap Contributions]{{cite web |title=Rasht railway station |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/37.2031/49.5642&layers=N |publisher=OpenStreetMap |access-date=16 May 2024 |language=Persian}}

The railway passes through Alborz mountains and then Sefidrood river valley and is connected to Karaj and Qazvin on its way to Tehran. To the north the railway leads to Anzali free trade zone.

The Rasht International airport is the only airport in the province of Gilan and was established in 1969 with an approximate area of 220 hectares. At first, the airport just handled domestic flights to Tehran and Mashhad, but after it was renamed to Sardar Jangal International airport in 2007, additional routes were established.

The airport is in close affiliation with hundreds of flights by national and international airlines, including Mahan Air, Iran Air, Iran Aseman Airlines, Kish Air and receives more than 2000 flights annually.

File:Rasht airport interior, Iran.jpg|Rasht Airport

File:Rasht Rs.jpg|Rasht Railway Station

File:Rasht Gil Sq terminal.JPG|Terminal Rasht

{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}

• Municipal Complex
• Iran Hotel
• Post Building
• National Library
• Tomb of Mirza Kuchak Khan
• Mirza Kuchak Khaan House
• Safi Mosque
• Kolah Farangi Mansion
• Sabzeh Meydan Park
• Gilan Rural Heritage Museum
• Saravan Forest Park
• Gilan Rural Heritage Museum
• Rasht Museum of Anthropology
• Avanesian House
• Rasht Grand Market
• Hajj Samad Khan Mosque
• Haj Samiee Mosque
• Badyollah Mosque
• Qadiri House of Rasht
• Mirza Khalil House
• Governor's Building
• Mohtasham Garden
• Mafakher Park
• Emamzadeh Hashem
• Imamzadeh Ismail and Abbas
• Mellat Park
• Eynak Lagoon
• Keshavarz Park
• Meshkat Park
• Towhid Park
• Golshan Mosque
• Kase Forushan Mosque
• Zargaran Mosque
• Abrishamchi House
• Ashkouri House
• Seyyed Ali Moghimi House
• Mohtasham Caravanserai
• Haji Bath
• Ebrahim Pourdavoud Tomb
• Chomarsara Clay Bridge
• Gishe Damerdeh Bridge
• Gurab-e Lishavandan
• Tomb of Imam's sister
• Imamzadeh Bibi Zeynab
• Tomb Tower Danaye Ali
• Siah Estalakh Village
• Lat Carvansary
• Shahid Beheshti High School

File:The historical building of post office.jpg|The Historical Building of Post office

File:خانه میرزا کوچک خان 06.jpg|Mirza Kuchik Khan House

File:مسجد حاج صمد خان رشت.jpg|Hajj Samad Khan Mosque

File:ایوان خانه آوانسیان که در حال تخریب است.jpg|Avanesian House

File:Mellat park at night - panoramio.jpg|Mellat Park at Night

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• Hushang Ebtehaj (1928–2022) poet
• Hossein Sami'i (1876–1953) writer, poet, diplomat, and politician
• Mirza Kuchik Khan (1880–1921) revolutionary leader
• Aydin Aghdashloo (1940) painter, graphic artist, and art curator
• Reza Baluchi (born 1972) cyclist, athlete
• Mahmoud Behzad (1913–2007) biologist
• Mir Abdolrez Daryabeigi (1930–2012) painter
• Mohammad Bagher Nobakht (born 1950) politician and economist
• Fathollah Khan Akbar (1855–1937) Qajar dynasty prime minister
• Amir Eftekhari (born 1964) footballer
• Shaya Goldoust (born 1986), Iranian-born Canadian journalist, activist
• Khosrow Golsorkhi (1944–1974) journalist, poet, and communist
• Hadi Jelveh (1919–2011) associate justice of the Iran Supreme Court
• Alexander Kasimovich Kazembek (1802–1870) Azerbaijani-Russian Orientalist, historian, philologist
• Mohammad Khatam Iranian air force commander and advisor to the Shah
• Hamideh Kheirabadi (1924–2010) actress
• Arsen Minasian The Armenian founder of the first modern sanatorium in Iran
• Mohammad Moein Linguistics and literature researcher
• Ardeshir Mohasses (1938–2008), illustrator, cartoonist
• Bahman Mohasses (1931–2010) painter, sculptor
• Youcef Nadarkhani Christian pastor sentenced to death for apostasy from Islam
• Mahmoud Namjoo (1918–1989) weightlifter
• Ardeshir Ovanessian, Communist leader
• Mohammad Nouri, singer
• Kazim Rashti, Shaykhi scholar
• Ebrahim Poordavood Academic
• Dariush Ramezani Cartoonist
• Fazlollah Reza Former Iran's ambassador to UNICEF and former manager of Sharif University
• Anoushiravan Rohani Musician
• Massoumeh Seyhoun (1934–2010) painter
• Sadeq Saba Head of BBC Persian Service
• Majid Samiei Neurosurgeon and the Manager of Hanover Brain and Nerves Treatment institute
• Marjane Satrapi (born 1969) graphic novelist, cartoonist, film director
• Susan Taslimi (born 1950) actress
• Yahya Rahmat-Samii (born 1948), electrical engineer, professor at UCLA
• Farideh Lashai (1944–2013), painter
• Homayoon Toufighi chess grandmaster
• Houchang Nahavandi Iranian professor and politician
• Habib Nafisi (1908–1984) engineer, educator
• Houman Seyyedi (born 1980) actor and director
• Shohreh Bayat (born 1987) chess arbiter
• Asghar Ebrahimi Iranian weightlifter
• Mahmoud Etemadzadeh Writer
• Enayatollah Reza Iranian historian
• Reza Ramezani Gilani Muslim cleric
• Esmaeil Elmkhah Iranian weightlifter
• Nasrollah Moghtader Mojdehi Iranian professor
• Mohammad Tolouei Writer
• Asghar Kardoust Basketball player
• Mohammad Rahbari (born 1991) fencer
• Babak Zarrin Composer
• Mohsen Forouzan Footballer
• Hadi Tabatabaei Footballer
• Saeid Hassanipour Karateka

File:Rasht Kadus grand hotel 2012.jpg|Kadus Grand Hotel

File:بیمارستان ولایت رشت.jpg|Velayat Hospital

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Iran}}

Rasht is twinned with:{{cite web |title=About city|url=http://www.gums.ac.ir/velayat/5555/About-City.aspx|website=gums.ac.ir|publisher=Guilan University of Medical Sciences|access-date=2021-05-25}}

• {{flagicon|RUS}} Astrakhan, Russia
• {{flagicon|RUS}} Moscow, Russia
• {{flagicon|PAK}} Multan, Pakistan
• {{flagicon|TUR}} Trabzon, Turkey

{{Wikivoyage|Rasht}}

{{Commons category}}

{{Portal|Iran}}

{{clear}}

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.rasht.ir/ Rasht Municipality Organization شهرداري رشت]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090908232841/http://www.damash.asia/fans/ Damash Rasht Football Team Fans Site]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050406134006/http://www.irancaravan.com/GPR.htm Gilan Province]
• [http://www.iranchamber.com/cities/rasht/rasht.php/ Iran Chamber Society: Rasht]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050809075452/http://www.iccim.org/English/Iran/gilan/ Iran Chamber of commerce, Industries & Mines: Gilan]
• [http://lexicorient.com/e.o/rasht.htm Encyclopedia of the Orient] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213643/http://lexicorient.com/e.o/rasht.htm |date=2016-03-03 }}
• [http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0841175.html Info Please]
• [https://www.panoramio.com/user/3074930/tags/Rasht Photos of Rasht in Panoramio]

{{Authority control}}

{{Gilan Province|state=collapsed}}

{{Rasht County|state=collapsed}}

{{Provincial capitals of Iran}}

Category:Populated places in Rasht County

Category:Cities in Gilan province

Category:Iranian provincial capitals

Category:Populated places on the Caspian Sea

Category:Populated places along the Silk Road

Category:Gilak settlements in Gilan province