salzburg

The name "Salzburg" was first recorded in the late 8th century.{{Efn|Spelled "Salzpurch" in the earliest vita of Saint Boniface}} It is composed of two parts; the first being "{{lang|de|Salz-}}" (German for "salt") and the second being "-burg" from Proto-West-Germanic: *burg conveying the same meaning as {{Langx|la|oppidum|lit=fortified settlement, city}} and not that of the New High German: {{lang|de|Burg}}, lit. 'fortress'.{{Cite book |last=Hörburger |first=Franz |title=Salzburger Ortsnamenbuch |publisher=Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde |year=1982 |editor-last=Reiffenstein |editor-first=Ingo |edition=Ingo |location=Salzburg |pages=32, 55 |language=de |trans-title=Toponyms of Salzburg |editor-last2=Ziller |editor-first2=Leopold}}

{{for timeline}}

File:2163 - Salzburg - Stift Nonnberg.JPG

The area of the city has been inhabited continuously since the Neolithic Age until the present. In the La Tène period it was an administrative centre of the Celtic Alums in the Kingdom of Noricum.

After the Roman invasion in 15 BC, the various settlements on the Salzburg hills were abandoned, following the construction of the Roman city in the area of the old town. The recently created Municipium Claudium Iuvavum was awarded the status of a Roman municipium in {{CE|45}} and has become one of the most important cities of the now Roman province of Noricum.

When the province of Noricum collapsed in 488 at the beginning of the migration period, part of the Romano-Celtic population remained in the country. In the 6th century, they came under the rule of the Baiuvarii. The Life of Saint Rupert credits the 8th-century saint with the city's rebirth, when around {{CE|696}}, Bishop Rupert of Salzburg received the remains of the Roman town from Duke Theodo II of Bavaria as well as a castrum superius (upper castle) on the Nonnberg Terrace as a gift.{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Rupert, St |volume= 23 |last= Delehaye |first= Hippolyte |author-link= Hippolyte Delehaye | page = 856 |short= 1 }} In return he was to evangelize the east and south-east of the country of Bavaria.

Rupert reconnoitred the river for the site of his basilica and chose Iuvavum. He ordained priests and annexed the manor of Piding. Rupert built a church at St. Peter on the site of today's cathedral and probably also founded the associated monastery and the Benedictine nunnery on Nonnberg for his relative Erentrude.{{Cite web|title=St. Erentrude, Virgin, of Austria|url=http://ww1.antiochian.org/content/st-erentrude-virgin-austria|publisher=Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|location=Englewood, New Jersey|access-date=19 August 2023|archive-date=19 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819223733/http://ww1.antiochian.org/content/st-erentrude-virgin-austria|url-status=dead}} Salzburg has been the seat of a diocesan bishop since {{CE|739}}{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Austria |url=http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/austria |publisher=Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo |location=Norway |access-date=19 August 2023 |archive-date=19 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819223735/http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/austria |url-status=live }} and an archbishopric since {{CE|798}}. The first cathedral was built under Archbishop Virgil. The Franciscan Church existed since the beginning of the 9th century at the latest.{{Cite book|first1=Bernd|last1=Euler|first2=Ronald|last2=Gobiet|first3=Horst R.|last3=Huber|first4=Roswitha|last4=Juffinger|title=Dehio Salzburg. Stadt und Land |publisher=Verlag Anton Schroll & Co |place=Vienna |date=1986 |page=516}} The Marienkirche dates from 1139.

File:Festung Hohensalzburg von Nordost.jpg

The first use of the German name Salzburg, meaning Salt-Castle, can be traced back to {{CE|739}} when the name was used in Willibald's report on the organization of the Bavarian dioceses by Saint Boniface.{{Cite web |url=https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/MGSL_130_0193-0200.pdf |title=Der Name Salzburgs Entstehung und Frühgeschichte |author=Ingo Reiffenstein |date=1990 |access-date=17 April 2023}} The name derives from the barges carrying salt on the River Salzach, which were subject to a toll in the 8th century as was customary for many communities and cities on European rivers. Hohensalzburg Fortress, the city's fortress was built on the site of a Roman fort{{Cite web |url=https://www.salzburgmuseum.at/en/locations/fortress-museum/ |title=Salzburg Museum: Fortress Museum: Hohensalzburg Fortress |access-date=17 April 2023}} in 1077 by Archbishop Gebhard, who made it his residence.{{sfn|de Fabianis|2013|p=167}} It was greatly expanded during the following centuries. This site is not the site of the Roman castrum superius, which was located on the Nonnberg nearby.

The state of Salzburg and its counties soon gained more and more influence and power within Bavaria due to the flourishing salt mining and the wide-ranging missionary activities.{{Cite book|author1=Heinz Dopsch|author2=Hans Spatzenegger|title=Geschichte Salzburgs|volume=I/1 |place=Salzburg|publisher=Universitäts-Verlag Pustet|date=1984 |isbn=3-7025-0197-5 |pages=437–462 |language=de}} In 996 Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor rented Archbishop Hartwig the market rights and minting rights (probably also the toll law). The first part of Hohensalzburg Fortress was built in 1077. A city judge was first mentioned in a document in 1120/30. On the left bank of the Salzach, an extensive spiritual district was created with the cathedral, the bishop's residence north-west of the cathedral, the cathedral monastery on its south side, St Peter's monastery and the Frauengarten (probably after a former women's convent that was dissolved in 1583). Only during the 12th century did the civil settlement begin to spread into the Getreidegasse, the Abtsgasse (Sigmund Haffner-Gasse) and along the quay. Around 1280 the first city fortifications were created.{{sfn|Euler|Gobiet|Huber|Juffinger|1986|pages=516f}} The oldest known city law document dates from the year 1287.{{Cite book |author=Peter Kramml|display-authors=etal|title=Stadt Salzburg, Geschichte in Bildern und Dokumenten |place=Salzburg|publisher=Municipality of Salzburg|date=2002 |isbn=3-901014-76-4 |pages=12–14}}

{{Main|Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg}}

Independence from Bavaria was secured in the late 14th century. Salzburg was the seat of the Archbishopric of Salzburg, a prince-bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire. As the Reformation movement gained steam, riots broke out among peasants in the areas in and around Salzburg. The city was occupied during the German Peasants' War, and the Archbishop had to flee to the safety of the fortress.{{sfn|de Fabianis|2013|p=167}} It was besieged for three months in 1525.

Eventually, tensions were quelled, and the city's independence led to an increase in wealth and prosperity, culminating in the late 16th to 18th centuries under the Prince Archbishops Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau, Markus Sittikus, and Paris Lodron. It was in the 17th century that Italian architects (and Austrians who had studied the Baroque style) rebuilt the city center as it is today along with many palaces.Visit Salzburg, [http://www.visit-salzburg.net/history.htm Salzburg's History: Coming a long Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111174103/https://www.visit-salzburg.net/history.htm |date=11 November 2022 }}.

{{main|Salzburg Protestants}}

On 31 October 1731, the 214th anniversary of the 95 Theses, Archbishop Count Leopold Anton von Firmian signed an Edict of Expulsion, the Emigrationspatent, directing all Protestant citizens to recant their non-Catholic beliefs. 21,475 citizens refused to recant their beliefs and were expelled from Salzburg. Most of them accepted an offer by King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia, travelling the length and breadth of Germany to their new homes in East Prussia.Frank L. Perry Jr., [http://historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?action=read&artid=561 Catholics Cleanse Salzburg of Protestants] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083449/http://historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?action=read&artid=561 |date=4 March 2016 }}, The Georgia Salzburger Society. The rest settled in other Protestant states in Europe and the British colonies in America.

In 1772–1803, under archbishop Hieronymus Graf von Colloredo, Salzburg was a center of late Illuminism. Colloredo is known for being one of the main employers of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Colloredo often had arguments with Mozart and he dismissed him by saying, {{lang|de|Soll er doch gehen, ich brauche ihn nicht!}} (He should go; I don't need him!). Mozart left Salzburg for Vienna in 1781 with his family, although his father Leopold stayed behind, as he had a close relationship with Colloredo.

In 1803, the archbishopric was secularised by Emperor Napoleon; he transferred the territory to Ferdinando III of Tuscany, former Grand Duke of Tuscany, as the Electorate of Salzburg.

In 1805, Salzburg was annexed to the Austrian Empire, along with the Berchtesgaden Provostry. In 1809, the territory of Salzburg was transferred to the Kingdom of Bavaria after Austria's defeat at Wagram. After the Congress of Vienna with the Treaty of Munich (1816), Salzburg was definitively returned to Austria, but without Rupertigau and Berchtesgaden, which remained with Bavaria. Salzburg was integrated into the Province of Salzach and Salzburgerland was ruled from Linz.Times Atlas of European History, 3rd ed., 2002

In 1850, Salzburg's status was restored as the capital of the Duchy of Salzburg, a crownland of the Austrian Empire. The city became part of Austria-Hungary in 1866 as the capital of a crownland of the Austrian Empire. The nostalgia of the Romantic Era led to increased tourism. In 1892, a funicular was installed to facilitate tourism to Hohensalzburg Fortress.{{cite book|editor-last=de Fabianis|editor-first=Valeria|title=Castles of the World|publisher=Metro Books|date=2013|page=168|isbn=978-1-4351-4845-1}}

File:Salzburg vom Mönchsberg aus.jpg on the left, Hohensalzburg Fortress in the background]]

Following World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Salzburg, as the capital of one of the Austro-Hungarian territories, became part of the new German Austria. In 1918, it represented the residual German-speaking territories of the Austrian heartlands. This was replaced by the First Austrian Republic in 1919, after the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919).

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1988-119-04A, Anschluss Österreich.jpg, March 1938]]

The Anschluss (the occupation and annexation of Austria, including Salzburg, into Nazi Germany) took place on 12 March 1938, one day before a scheduled referendum on Austria's independence. German troops moved into the city. Political opponents, Jewish citizens and other minorities were subsequently arrested and deported to concentration camps. The synagogue was destroyed.

After Germany invaded the Soviet Union, several POW camps for prisoners from the Soviet Union and other enemy nations were arranged in the city.

During the Nazi occupation, a Romani camp was built in Salzburg-Maxglan. It was an Arbeitserziehungslager (work 'education' camp), which provided slave labor to local industry. It also operated as a Zwischenlager (transit camp), holding Roma before their deportation to German camps or ghettos in German-occupied territories in eastern Europe.{{cite web |url=http://austria-forum.org/af/AEIOU/Konzentrationslager%2C_KZ |title=AEIOU Österreich-Lexikon – Konzentrationslager, KZ |publisher=Austria-Forum.org |access-date=24 June 2013}}

Salzburg was also the location of five subcamps of the Dachau concentration camp.{{cite book|last=Megargee|first=Geoffrey P.|year=2009|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|pages=538–539|isbn=978-0-253-35328-3}}

Allied bombing destroyed 7,600 houses and killed 550 inhabitants. Fifteen air strikes destroyed 46 percent of the city's buildings, especially those around Salzburg railway station. Although the town's bridges and the dome of the cathedral were destroyed, much of its Baroque architecture remained intact. As a result, Salzburg is one of the few remaining examples of a town of its style. American troops entered the city on 5 May 1945 and it became the centre of the American-occupied area in Austria. Several displaced persons camps were established in Salzburg{{mdash}}among them Riedenburg, Camp Herzl (Franz-Josefs-Kaserne), Camp Mülln, Bet Bialik, Bet Trumpeldor, and New Palestine.

After World War II, Salzburg became the capital city of the Federal State of Salzburg (Land Salzburg) and saw the Americans leave the area once Austria had signed a 1955 treaty re-establishing the country as a democratic and independent nation and subsequently declared its perpetual neutrality. In the 1960s, the city became the shooting location and setting of the family musical film The Sound of Music. On 27 January 2006, the 250th anniversary of the birth of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, all 35 churches of Salzburg rang their bells after 8:00 p.m. (local time) to celebrate the occasion. Major celebrations took place throughout the year.

As of 2017 Salzburg had a GDP per capita of €46,100, which was greater than the average for Austria and most European countries.{{cite news |author=E.B. |title=The Salzburg Festival is a boon to the local economy |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2017/09/hills-and-tills-are-alive |newspaper=The Economist |date=26 September 2017}}

File:Salzburg - Panoramaansicht.JPG

Salzburg is on the banks of the River Salzach, at the northern boundary of the Alps. The mountains to Salzburg's south contrast with the rolling plains to the north. The closest alpine peak, the 1,972‑metre-high Untersberg, is less than {{cvt|16|km|0|abbr=off}} from the city center. The Altstadt, or "old town", is dominated by its baroque towers and churches and the massive Hohensalzburg Fortress. This area is flanked by two smaller hills, the Mönchsberg and Kapuzinerberg, which offer green relief within the city. Salzburg is approximately {{cvt|150|km|0}} east of Munich, {{cvt|281|km|0}} northwest of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and {{cvt|300|km|0}} west of Vienna. Salzburg has about the same latitude as Seattle.

Due to its proximity to the Austrian-German border, the greater Salzburg urban area has sometimes (unoffcially) been thought of as if it included contiguous parts of Germany: Freilassing (until 1923 known as Salzburghofen), Ainring and Piding. Public transport planning and multiple public transport lines stretch across the border.

File:Winter salzach dec2024.jpg looking south on the Müllnersteg over the Salzach, December 2024|Winter fog looking south on the Müllnersteg over the Salzach, December 2024]]

The Köppen climate classification specifies Salzburg's climate as a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb). However, with the {{cvt|-3|C|F}} isotherm for the coldest month, Salzburg can be classified as having a four-season oceanic climate (Cfb) with significant temperature differences between seasons. Due to the location at the northern rim of the Alps, the amount of precipitation is comparatively high, mainly in the summer months. The specific drizzle is called Schnürlregen in the local dialect. In winter and spring, pronounced foehn winds regularly occur.

{{Weather box

|location=Salzburg-Flughafen (LOWS) 1991–2020, extremes 1874–present

|metric first=Y

|single line=Y

|Jan record high C = 20.8

|Feb record high C = 21.7

|Mar record high C = 24.9

|Apr record high C = 30.3

|May record high C = 34.1

|Jun record high C = 35.7

|Jul record high C = 37.7

|Aug record high C = 36.6

|Sep record high C = 33.3

|Oct record high C = 28.2

|Nov record high C = 24.1

|Dec record high C = 19.1

|year record high C = 37.7

|Jan high C = 3.4

|Feb high C = 6.2

|Mar high C = 10.2

|Apr high C = 15.7

|May high C = 19.3

|Jun high C = 23.2

|Jul high C = 24.3

|Aug high C = 24.0

|Sep high C = 19.9

|Oct high C = 14.4

|Nov high C = 8.5

|Dec high C = 4.0

|year high C = 14.4

|Jan mean C = 0.0

|Feb mean C = 1.6

|Mar mean C = 5.7

|Apr mean C = 10.1

|May mean C = 14.4

|Jun mean C = 17.9

|Jul mean C = 19.6

|Aug mean C = 19.4

|Sep mean C = 15.0

|Oct mean C = 10.4

|Nov mean C = 4.8

|Dec mean C = 0.9

|year mean C = 10.0

|Jan low C = -3.6

|Feb low C = -2.8

|Mar low C = 0.7

|Apr low C = 4.3

|May low C = 8.3

|Jun low C = 12.5

|Jul low C = 13.8

|Aug low C = 13.6

|Sep low C = 10.1

|Oct low C = 5.6

|Nov low C = 0.9

|Dec low C = -2.5

|year low C = 5.1

|Jan record low C = -30.4

|Feb record low C = -30.6

|Mar record low C = -21.6

|Apr record low C = -9.2

|May record low C = -3.4

|Jun record low C = -0.1

|Jul record low C = 3.7

|Aug record low C = 2.0

|Sep record low C = -3.0

|Oct record low C = -8.3

|Nov record low C = -18.0

|Dec record low C = -27.7

|year record low C = -30.6

|precipitation colour=green

|Jan precipitation mm = 59

|Feb precipitation mm = 53

|Mar precipitation mm = 87

|Apr precipitation mm = 78

|May precipitation mm = 115

|Jun precipitation mm = 151

|Jul precipitation mm = 158

|Aug precipitation mm = 164

|Sep precipitation mm = 112

|Oct precipitation mm = 73

|Nov precipitation mm = 72

|Dec precipitation mm = 72

|year precipitation mm = 1195

|Jan snow cm = 20.0

|Feb snow cm = 19.5

|Mar snow cm = 11.5

|Apr snow cm = 1.4

|May snow cm = 0.0

|Jun snow cm = 0.0

|Jul snow cm = 0.0

|Aug snow cm = 0.0

|Sep snow cm = 0.0

|Oct snow cm = 0.6

|Nov snow cm = 6.5

|Dec snow cm = 18.8

|year snow cm = 78.3

|unit snow days = 1.0 cm

|Jan snow days = 14.6

|Feb snow days = 12.2

|Mar snow days = 5.6

|Apr snow days = 0.8

|May snow days = 0.0

|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jul snow days = 0.0

|Aug snow days = 0.0

|Sep snow days = 0.0

|Oct snow days = 0.2

|Nov snow days = 3.8

|Dec snow days = 10.0

|year snow days = 47.2

|time day = 14:00

|Jan humidity = 71.7

|Feb humidity = 63.5

|Mar humidity = 56.1

|Apr humidity = 50.5

|May humidity = 53.0

|Jun humidity = 54.6

|Jul humidity = 53.2

|Aug humidity = 55.0

|Sep humidity = 59.3

|Oct humidity = 62.9

|Nov humidity = 71.1

|Dec humidity = 73.9

|year humidity = 60.4

|Jan sun = 67.0

|Feb sun = 91.9

|Mar sun = 130.0

|Apr sun = 152.6

|May sun = 196.4

|Jun sun = 193.9

|Jul sun = 221.1

|Aug sun = 202.8

|Sep sun = 167.7

|Oct sun = 129.7

|Nov sun = 81.2

|Dec sun = 62.8

|year sun = 1697.1

|Jan percentsun = 26.9

|Feb percentsun = 34.4

|Mar percentsun = 37.9

|Apr percentsun = 39.4

|May percentsun = 44.3

|Jun percentsun = 43.7

|Jul percentsun = 48.8

|Aug percentsun = 48.3

|Sep percentsun = 47.4

|Oct percentsun = 42.9

|Nov percentsun = 30.8

|Dec percentsun = 26.7

|year percentsun = 39.3

|source 1=Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (precipitation 1981–2010, sun 1971–2000)

{{cite web

| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605200319/https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_klimauebersichten/copy_of_klimanormalperiode_19912020.xlsx

| archive-date = 5 June 2023

|url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_klimauebersichten/copy_of_klimanormalperiode_19912020.xlsx

| title = Klimamittelwerte 1991–2020

| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics

| language = de

| access-date = 5 June 2023}}

{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229004447/http://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel/klimamittel-niederschlag |archive-date=29 December 2014 |url=https://www.zamg.ac.at/cms/de/dokumente/klima/dok_ip-klimawandel/daten-download/klimamittel-niederschlag |title=Klimamittel 1981–2010: Niederschlag |language=de |publisher=Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics |access-date=29 October 2019}}

{{cite web

| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605205536/http://www.zamg.ac.at/fix/klima/oe71-00/klima2000/daten/klimadaten/sal/6300.htm

| archive-date = 5 June 2023

|url=http://www.zamg.ac.at/fix/klima/oe71-00/klima2000/daten/klimadaten/sal/6300.htm

| title = Klimadaten von Österreich 1971–2000–Salzburg-Flughafen

| publisher = Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics

| language = de

| access-date = 5 June 2023}}

|source 2=Meteo Climat (record highs and lows){{cite web |url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=298 |title=Station Salzburg |publisher=Météo Climat |language=fr |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809133109/http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=298 |url-status=live }}

}}

{{Weather box

|location=Salzburg-Flughafen (LOWS) 1961–1990{{efn-lr|afternnon humidity measured at 14:00 local time}}

|metric first=Y

|single line=Y

| Jan avg record high C = 10.5

| Feb avg record high C = 13.2

| Mar avg record high C = 19.6

| Apr avg record high C = 23.2

| May avg record high C = 26.8

| Jun avg record high C = 30.1

| Jul avg record high C = 31.4

| Aug avg record high C = 31.3

| Sep avg record high C = 27.9

| Oct avg record high C = 23.4

| Nov avg record high C = 18.0

| Dec avg record high C =11.5

| year avg record high C =

| Jan high C =2.4

| Feb high C =4.9

| Mar high C =9.5

| Apr high C =14.1

| May high C =18.9

| Jun high C =21.8

| Jul high C =23.8

| Aug high C =23.4

| Sep high C =20.1

| Oct high C =15.1

| Nov high C =8.0

| Dec high C =3.2

| year high C =

| Jan mean C =-1.3

| Feb mean C =0.7

| Mar mean C =4.7

| Apr mean C =8.9

| May mean C =13.3

| Jun mean C =16.4

| Jul mean C =18.3

| Aug mean C =18.0

| Sep mean C =15.0

| Oct mean C =10.0

| Nov mean C =4.2

| Dec mean C =-0.3

| year mean C =9.0

| Jan low C =-5.0

| Feb low C =-3.4

| Mar low C =-0.1

| Apr low C =3.7

| May low C =7.7

| Jun low C =11.1

| Jul low C =12.9

| Aug low C =12.7

| Sep low C =9.9

| Oct low C =5.0

| Nov low C =0.4

| Dec low C =-3.7

| year low C =

| Jan avg record low C = -15.1

| Feb avg record low C = -11.9

| Mar avg record low C = -7.5

| Apr avg record low C = -1.9

| May avg record low C = 1.5

| Jun avg record low C = 5.3

| Jul avg record low C = 7.8

| Aug avg record low C = 7.1

| Sep avg record low C = 3.8

| Oct avg record low C = -1.6

| Nov avg record low C = -7.5

| Dec avg record low C = -14.0

| year avg record low C =

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm =63.4

| Feb precipitation mm =59.1

| Mar precipitation mm =66.1

| Apr precipitation mm =82.9

| May precipitation mm =128.6

| Jun precipitation mm =154.3

| Jul precipitation mm =160.0

| Aug precipitation mm =152.8

| Sep precipitation mm =89.9

| Oct precipitation mm =68.0

| Nov precipitation mm =73.9

| Dec precipitation mm =71.4

| year precipitation mm =

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|precip days colour =

| Jan precipitation days =10.7

| Feb precipitation days =10

| Mar precipitation days =11.1

| Apr precipitation days =12.3

| May precipitation days =13.3

| Jun precipitation days =15.1

| Jul precipitation days =14.5

| Aug precipitation days =13.8

| Sep precipitation days =10

| Oct precipitation days =8.6

| Nov precipitation days =10.2

| Dec precipitation days =11.6

| year precipitation days =

|humidity colour=green

| Jan humidity =82

| Feb humidity =79

| Mar humidity =74

| Apr humidity =70

| May humidity =69

| Jun humidity =71

| Jul humidity =71

| Aug humidity =75

| Sep humidity =78

| Oct humidity =80

| Nov humidity =81

| Dec humidity =82

| year humidity =

| Jan afthumidity =74

| Feb afthumidity =67

| Mar afthumidity =58

| Apr afthumidity =54

| May afthumidity =53

| Jun afthumidity =56

| Jul afthumidity =55

| Aug afthumidity =57

| Sep afthumidity =60

| Oct afthumidity =63

| Nov afthumidity =70

| Dec afthumidity =76

| year afthumidity =

| Jan dew point C =-3.7

| Feb dew point C =-2.9

| Mar dew point C =-0.6

| Apr dew point C =2.8

| May dew point C =7.2

| Jun dew point C =10.6

| Jul dew point C =12.5

| Aug dew point C =12.7

| Sep dew point C =10.5

| Oct dew point C =6.0

| Nov dew point C =0.7

| Dec dew point C =-2.7

| Jan sun =68.2

| Feb sun =90.4

| Mar sun =130.2

| Apr sun =153

| May sun =189.1

| Jun sun =201

| Jul sun =223.2

| Aug sun =201.5

| Sep sun =174

| Oct sun =139.5

| Nov sun =78

| Dec sun =62

| year sun =

| Jand sun =2.2

| Febd sun =3.2

| Mard sun =4.2

| Aprd sun =5.1

| Mayd sun =6.1

| Jund sun =6.7

| Juld sun =7.2

| Augd sun =6.5

| Sepd sun =5.8

| Octd sun =4.5

| Novd sun =2.6

| Decd sun =2

| yeard sun =

|source 1 = Deutscher Wetterdienst{{Cite web |url=https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_111500_kt.pdf |title=Klimatafel von Salzburg (Flugh.), Salzburg / Österreich |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=dwd |publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst |page=1 |language=German |type=PDF file |format=PDF}}

|source 2 =NOAA(mean monthly max/min-Dew Point){{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-VI/OS/11150.TXT |title=Salzburg Climate Normals for 1961-1990 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration |no-pp=y |type=TXT |quote=WMO Station Number: 11150}}

}}

{{notelist-lr}}

{{Historical populations

|1869 |27858

|1880 |33241

|1890 |38081

|1900 |48945

|1910 |56423

|1923 |60026

|1934 |69447

|1939 |77170

|1951 |102927

|1961 |108114

|1971 |129919

|1981 |139426

|1991 |143978

|2001 |142662

|2011 |145270|2021|154604|footnote=Source: Statistik Austria{{cite web|title=Historic Censuses - STATISTICS AUSTRIA|url=https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/population-and-society/population/population-stock/historic-censuses|publisher=Statistics Austria|access-date=2 August 2024|archive-date=2 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802182504/https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/population-and-society/population/population-stock/historic-censuses|url-status=live}}

}}

Salzburg's official population significantly increased in 1935 when the city absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was constructed for American soldiers of the postwar occupation and could be used for refugees when they left. Around 1950, Salzburg passed the mark of 100,000 citizens, and in 2016, it reached the mark of 150,000 citizens.

Salzburg is home to large German, Bosnian, Serbian, and Romanian communities.

Largest groups of immigrants by 1 January 2021:

File:Salzburg - Panorama (nachts)2.jpg (left to right), Kollegienkirche (right behind Salzburger Dom), Franziskanerkirche, St Peter's Abbey, Salzburg and, in the background, Hohensalzburg Fortress]]

File:View of Salzburg from Fortress Hohensalzburg.jpg

The Romanesque and Gothic churches, the monasteries and the early carcass houses dominated the medieval city for a long time. The Cathedral of Archbishop Conrad of Wittelsbach was the largest basilica north of the Alps. The choir of the Franciscan Church, construction was begun by Hans von Burghausen and completed by Stephan Krumenauer, is one of the most prestigious religious gothic constructions of southern Germany. At the end of the Gothic era Nonnberg Abbey, the Margaret Chapel in St Peter's Abbey, St George's Chapel, and the stately halls of the "Hoher Stock" in Hohensalzburg Fortress were constructed.

Inspired by Vincenzo Scamozzi, Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau began to transform the medieval town to the architectural ideals of the late Renaissance. Plans for a massive cathedral by Scamozzi failed to materialize upon the fall of the archbishop. A second cathedral planned by Santino Solari rose as the first early Baroque church in Salzburg. It served as an example for many other churches in Southern Germany and Austria. Markus Sittikus and Paris von Lodron continued to rebuild the city with major projects such as Hellbrunn Palace, the prince archbishop's residence, the university buildings, fortifications, and many other buildings. Giovanni Antonio Daria managed by order of Prince Archbishop Guido von Thun the construction of the residential well. Giovanni Gaspare Zuccalli, by order of the same archbishop, created the Erhard and the Kajetan church in the south of the town. The city's redesign was completed with buildings designed by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, donated by Prince Archbishop Johann Ernst von Thun.

After the era of Ernst von Thun, the city's expansion came to a halt, which is the reason why there are no churches built in the Rococo style. Sigismund von Schrattenbach continued with the construction of "Sigmundstor" and the statue of holy Maria on the cathedral square. With the fall and division of the former "Fürsterzbistum Salzburg" (Archbishopric) to Upper Austria, Bavaria (Rupertigau) and Tyrol (Zillertal Matrei) began a long period of urban stagnancy. This era didn't end before the period of promoterism (Gründerzeit) brought new life into urban development. The builder dynasty Jakob Ceconi and Carl Freiherr von Schwarz filled major positions in shaping the city in this era.{{cite web |url=http://www.visit-salzburg.net/travel/architecture.htm |title=Architecture : Salzburg Sights by Period |publisher=Visit-salzburg.net |access-date=12 March 2013}}

Buildings of classical modernism and in particular, post-war modernism is frequently encountered in Salzburg. Examples are the Zahnwurzen house (a house in the Linzergasse 22 in the right center of the old town), the "Lepi" (public baths in Leopoldskron) (built 1964), and the original 1957 constructed congress-center of Salzburg, which was replaced by a new building in 2001. An important and famous example of the architecture of this era is the 1960 opening of the Großes Festspielhaus by Clemens Holzmeister.

Adding contemporary architecture to Salzburg's old town without risking its UNESCO World Heritage status is problematic. Nevertheless, some new structures have been added: the Mozarteum at the Baroque Mirabell Garden (Architecture Robert Rechenauer),[http://www.rechenauer-architektur.de/Site/framset.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506203826/http://www.rechenauer-architektur.de/Site/framset.html|date=6 May 2012}} the 2001 Congress House (Architecture: Freemasons), the 2011 Unipark Nonntal (Architecture: Storch Ehlers Partners), the 2001 "Makartsteg" bridge (Architecture: HALLE1), and the "Residential and Studio House" of the architects Christine and Horst Lechner in the middle of Salzburg's old town (winner of the architecture award of Salzburg 2010).{{Cite web |url=http://www.salzburg.gv.at/themen/ks/kultur/architektur/architekturpreistraeger.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630105216/http://www.salzburg.gv.at/themen/ks/kultur/architektur/architekturpreistraeger.htm |url-status=dead |title=Preisträger Salzburg |archive-date=30 June 2013}}{{cite web |url=http://www.verbund.com/bg/en/blog/2012/01/31/building-energy-efficient-houses |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209155829/http://www.verbund.com/bg/en/blog/2012/01/31/building-energy-efficient-houses |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 February 2013 |title=flow – der VERBUND Blog |publisher=Verbund.com |date=15 October 2012 |access-date=12 March 2013}} Other examples of contemporary architecture lie outside the old town: the Faculty of Science building (Universität Salzburg – Architecture Willhelm Holzbauer) built on the edge of free green space, the blob architecture of Red Bull Hangar-7 (Architecture: Volkmar Burgstaller{{cite web |url=http://www.visit-salzburg.net/sights/hangar7.htm |title=Red Bull's Hangar-7 at Salzburg Airport |publisher=Visit Salzburg |access-date=12 March 2013}}) at Salzburg Airport, home to Dietrich Mateschitz's Flying Bulls and the Europark Shopping Centre. (Architecture: Massimiliano Fuksas)

File:Salzburger Stadtteile.jpg

Salzburg has twenty-four urban districts and three extra-urban populations.

Urban districts (Stadtteile):

{{div col}}

• Aigen
• Altstadt
• Elisabeth-Vorstadt
• Gneis
• Gneis-Süd
• Gnigl
• Itzling
• Itzling-Nord
• Kasern
• Langwied
• Lehen
• Leopoldskron-Moos
• Liefering
• Maxglan
• Maxglan-West
• Morzg
• Mülln
• Neustadt
• Nonntal
• Parsch
• Riedenburg
• Salzburg-Süd
• Taxham
• Schallmoos

{{div col end}}

Extra-urban populations (Landschaftsräume):

• Gaisberg
• Hellbrunn
• Heuberg

File:Katedrala, Salzburg - zapad.jpg]]

File:8 of 10 - Hohensalzburg Castle, AUSTRIA.jpg, with Hohensalzburg Fortress in the distance]]

File:Getreidegasse am Nachmittag, Salzburg.jpg, which is one of the oldest streets in Salzburg]]

File:Aussenansicht red bull hangar-7 nacht.jpg]]

File:Salzburgresidenzplatz christmasmarket dec2024.jpg in the Residenzplatz, December 2024]]

Salzburg is a tourist favourite, with the number of visitors outnumbering locals by a large margin in peak times. In addition to Mozart's birthplace noted above, other notable places include:

Old Town

• Historic centre of the city of Salzburg, a World Heritage Site
• Baroque architecture, including many churches
• Felsenreitschule, an open-air theatre built in the quarry used for the construction of Salzburg Cathedral
• Franziskanerkirche, one of Salzburg's oldest buildings, dating from 1208 and used by the Franciscans since 1642
• Getreidegasse, a busy narrow shopping street characterised by numerous high townhouses
• Großes Festspielhaus, an opera house and concert hall dating from 1960 and built for the annual Salzburg Festival
• Haus für Mozart, formerly the Kleines Festspielhaus, an opera house and concert hall dating from 1925
• Hohensalzburg Fortress (Festung Hohensalzburg), overlooking the Old Town, one of the largest castles in Europe
• Holy Trinity Church (Dreifaltigkeitskirche), dating from 1694
• Hotel Goldener Hirsch, a five-star hotel located in a building on Getreidegasse dating back to at least 1407
• Kollegienkirche, the Baroque style church of the University of Salzburg
• Mirabell Palace (Schloss Mirabell), a pleasure palace built in 1606 with wide gardens and a marble hall
• Museum der Moderne Salzburg, a modern art museum with locations in the old city and on the Mönchsberg
• Mozartplatz, a historic square with monument to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• Mozart's birthplace (Mozarts Geburtshaus), a house in Getreidegasse that is now a museum dedicated to Mozart
• Nonnberg Abbey (Stift Nonnberg), a Benedictine monastery founded c.712/715
• Residenz, the former residence of the Prince-Archbishops
• Residenzgalerie, an art museum in the Residenz
• Residenzplatz, a large square outside the Residenz with a large and ornate fountain
• Salzburg Cathedral (Salzburger Dom)
• Salzburger Landestheater, a theatre and venue for opera, theatre, and dance, with resident companies of actors, singers, and dancers
• Salzburger Marionettentheater, a marionette theatre established in 1912
• Salzburg Museum, a museum of the artistic and cultural history of the city and region of Salzburg
• Sigmundstor, an eighteenth-century tunnel connecting the Altstadt with the Riedenburg quarter through the Mönchsberg
• {{Interlanguage link|Sphaera (Salzburg)|de|lt=Sphaera}}, a sculpture of a man on a golden sphere (Stephan Balkenhol, 2007)
• St Peter's Abbey (Stift Sankt Peter), a Benedictine monastery founded 696 with a well-known cemetery
• {{ill|St Sebastian's Church, Salzburg|de|Sebastianskirche (Salzburg)|lt=St Sebastian's Church}} (Sebastianskirche), a church consecrated in 1511

Outside the Old Town

• Schloss Leopoldskron, a rococo palace and national historic monument in Leopoldskron-Moos, a southern district of Salzburg
• Hellbrunn with its parks and castles
• The Sound of Music tour companies who operate tours of film locations
• Hangar-7, a multifunctional building owned by Red Bull, with a collection of historical aeroplanes, helicopters, and Formula One racing cars
• Haslachmühle, historic flour mill in Gnigl district

Greater Salzburg area

• Anif Castle, located south of the city in Anif
• Shrine of Our Lady of Maria Plain, a late Baroque church on the northern edge of Salzburg
• Salzburger Freilichtmuseum Großgmain, an open-air museum containing old farmhouses from all over the state assembled in a historic setting
• Schloss Klessheim, a palace and casino, formerly used by Adolf Hitler
• Berghof, Hitler's mountain retreat near Berchtesgaden
• Kehlsteinhaus, the only remnant of Hitler's Berghof
• Salzkammergut, an area of lakes east of the city
• Untersberg mountain, next to the city on the Austria–Germany border, with panoramic views of Salzburg and the surrounding Alps
• Skiing is an attraction during winter. Salzburg has no skiing facilities, but it is a gateway to skiing areas to the south. During the winter, its airport receives charter flights from around Europe.
• Salzburg Zoo, located south of the city in Anif

Salzburg is a center of education and home to three universities, as well as several professional colleges and gymnasiums (high schools).

• University of Salzburg, a federal public university
• Paracelsus Medical University
• Mozarteum University Salzburg, a public music and dramatic arts university
• {{ill|Fachhochschule Salzburg|de}}{{cite web |title=fh-salzburg |url=https://www.fh-salzburg.ac.at/en/ |access-date=13 August 2018}}
• Alma Mater Europaea, a private university
• {{ill|SEAD Salzburg Experimental Academy of Dance|de}}

File:Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart 1.jpg was born in Salzburg.]]

File:Christian Doppler österreichischer Physiker.jpg, ca 1845]]

File:Herbert von Karajan - Statue Geburtshaus-1.jpg statue in Salzburg]]

• Saint Liutberga (died c. 870), an influential nun in Saxony in the 9th century
• Paracelsus (ca 1493 – 1541), Swiss physician, alchemist, and astrologer of the German Renaissance.{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Paracelsus |volume= 20 |pages= |short=1}}
• Barbara Thenn (1519–1579), merchant and Münzmeister
• Heinrich Biber (ca 1644-1704), violinist and composer in Salzburg from the early 1670s.{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Biber, Heinrich Johann Franz von |volume= 3 |pages= 849|short=1}}
• Joseph Leutgeb (1732–1811), virtuoso horn player, was part of the archbishop's court.
• Johann Michael Haydn (1737–1806), composer and younger brother of the composer Joseph Haydn. His works were admired by Mozart and Schubert. He was also the teacher of Carl Maria von Weber and Anton Diabelli. He is known for his sacred music.{{CathEncy|wstitle= Johann Michael Haydn |volume= 7 |last= Otten |first= Joseph |author-link= |short=1}}
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), composer, was born and raised in Salzburg when it was part of the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg within the Holy Roman Empire; he was employed as a musician at the archbishopal court from 1773 to 1781. His house of birth and residence are tourist attractions. His family is buried in a small church graveyard in the old town, and there are many monuments to "Wolferl" in the city.{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus |volume = 18 |last1= Rockstro |first1= W. S.|author-link1= W. S. Rockstro |last2= Tovey |first2= Donald |author-link2= Donald Tovey |pages=949-953 |short=1}}
• Ignaz Assmayer (1790–1862), Austrian composer of liturgical music.{{CathEncy|wstitle= Ignaz Assmayer |volume= 2 |last= Völker |first= J. A. |author-link= |short=1}}
• Joseph Mohr (1792–1848), Roman Catholic priest and writer, born in Salzburg. He wrote the text to "Silent Night", music by Franz Xaver Gruber, and they performed it for the first time on Christmas Eve 1818.{{cite web|url=https://www.salzburgerland.com/en/joseph-mohr-1792-1848/|title=Joseph Mohr (1792–1848) Priest and author of Silent Night |website=stillenacht.com |language=en |access-date=20 June 2024}}
• Christian Doppler (1803–1853), expert on acoustic theory, born in Salzburg; discovered the Doppler effect.
• Marko Feingold (1913-2019), President of the synagogue in Salzburg.
• King Otto of Greece (1815–1867), was born Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria at Mirabell Palace, a few days before the city reverted from Bavarian to Austrian rule.{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Otto |volume= 20 |pages= |short=1}}
• Hans Makart (1840–1884), influential Austrian painter-decorator was born locally. Makartplatz (Makart Square) is named in his honour.{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle= Makart, Hans |volume= 17 |pages= 451-452 |short=1}}
• Irma von Troll-Borostyani (1847–1912), Austrian writer, journalist, and campaigner for women's rights
• Ludwig Hans Fischer (1848–1915), landscape painter, copper engraver, etcher and ethnologist.{{Cite NIE|encyclopedia=The New International Encyclopedia|wstitle= Fischer, Ludwig Hans |volume= VII | page= |short=1}}
• Theodor Herzl (1860–1904), an Austro-Hungarian Jewish journalist and political activist who was the father of modern political Zionism. He worked in the courts in Salzburg after he earned his law degree in 1884.{{cite web |url=http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/PEOPLE/BIOS/herzl.html |title=Theodor Herzl (1860–1904) |access-date=8 August 2009 |publisher=Jewish Agency for Israel |quote=He received a doctorate in law in 1884 and worked for a short while in courts in Vienna and Salzburg. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930134611/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/people/BIOS/herzl.html |archive-date=30 September 2009}}
• Georg Trakl (1887–1914), important voice in German Expressionism literature was born in Salzburg.
• Georg von Trapp (1880–1947), Maria von Trapp (1905–1987), and their children made up the Trapp Family and lived in Salzburg until they fled to the United States following the Nazi takeover.
• Stefan Zweig (1881–1942), writer, lived in Salzburg for about 15 years, until 1934.
• Hilda Crozzoli (1900–1972), Austria's first female architect and civil engineer
• Herbert von Karajan (1908–1989), notable orchestral conductor was born in Salzburg and died locally in Anif.
• Franz Krieger (1914–1993), businessman and photographer, born in Salzburg
• Thomas Bernhard (1931–1989), novelist, playwright and poet was raised in Salzburg, spent part of his life there.
• Alex Jesaulenko (born 1945), famous former Australian rules football-player
• Klaus Ager (born 1946), the distinguished contemporary composer and Mozarteum professor
• Roland Ratzenberger (1960–1994), Formula One racing driver, was born in Salzburg. He died practicing for the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix.
• Felix Baumgartner (born 1967), skydiver and BASE jumper, he set three world records
• Ferdinand Habsburg (born 1997), racing driver, was born locally; he is heir apparent to the headship of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine

• The Salzburg Festival is a famous music and theatre festival that attracts visitors during July and August each year. A Salzburg Easter Festival and a Salzburg Whitsun Festival are also held each year over a shorter period.
• The Europrix multimedia award takes place in Salzburg.
• Electric Love Festival takes place in Salzburg.

File:Salzburg Airport from the air.jpg]]

File:Map of the Salzburg trolleybus.png]]

Salzburg Hauptbahnhof is served by comprehensive rail connections, with frequent east–west trains serving Vienna, Munich, Innsbruck, and Zürich, including daily high-speed ICE services. North–south rail connections also serve popular destinations such as Venice and Prague. The city acts as a hub for southbound trains through the Alps into Italy.

Salzburg Airport has scheduled flights to European cities such as Frankfurt, Vienna, London, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Brussels, Düsseldorf, and Zürich, as well as Hamburg, Edinburgh and Dublin. In addition to these, there are numerous charter flights.

In the main city, there is the Salzburg trolleybus system and bus system with a total of more than 20 lines, and service every 10 minutes. Salzburg has an S-Bahn system with four Lines (S1, S2, S3, S11), trains depart from the main station every 30 minutes, and they are part of the ÖBB network. Suburb line number S1 reaches the world-famous Silent Night chapel in Oberndorf in about 25 minutes.

In the 1960s, The Sound of Music, based on the true story of Maria von Trapp, who took up with an aristocratic family and fled the German Anschluss, used locations in Salzburg and Salzburg State as filming location.

The city briefly appears on the map when Indiana Jones travels through the city in the 1989 film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.

Salzburg is the setting for the Austrian crime series Stockinger and an Austrian-German television crime drama series Der Pass.

In the 2010 film Knight & Day, Salzburg serves as the backdrop for a large portion of the film.

Austrian German is widely written and differs from Germany's standard variation only in some vocabulary and a few grammar points. Salzburg belongs to the region of Austro-Bavarian dialects, in particular Central Bavarian.{{cite book |last1=Klaaß |first1=Daniel |title=Untersuchungen zu ausgewählten Aspekten des Konsonantismus bei österreichischen Nachrichtensprechern |date=2009 |publisher=Peter Lang |location=Frankfurt am Main |isbn=9783631585399 |page=38 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_mN2mj_4--0C |access-date=27 June 2020}} It is widely spoken by young and old alike although professors of linguistics from the Universität Salzburg, Irmgard Kaiser, and Hannes Scheutz, have seen over the past few years a reduction in the number of dialect speakers in the city.{{cite web |last1=Reitmeier |first1=Simone |title=Salzburg Mundart: Stirbt der Dialekt in naher Zukunft aus? |url=http://www.weekend.at/lifestyle/thema/dialekt-in-salzburg/17.600.973 |website=weekend.at |publisher=Weekend Online GmbH |access-date=26 June 2020 |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924034343/https://www.weekend.at/lifestyle/thema/dialekt-in-salzburg/17.600.973 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |last1=Winkler |first1=Jacqueline |title=Dialekte in ihrer heutigen Form sterben aus |url=https://www.salzburg24.at/news/salzburg/dialekte-in-ihrer-heutigen-form-sterben-aus-salzburger-hannes-scheutz-im-interview-84786160 |website=salzburg24 |date=18 June 2020 |publisher=Salzburg Digital GmbH |access-date=26 June 2020 |archive-date=28 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628144704/https://www.salzburg24.at/news/salzburg/dialekte-in-ihrer-heutigen-form-sterben-aus-salzburger-hannes-scheutz-im-interview-84786160 |url-status=live }} Although more and more school children are speaking standard German, Scheutz feels it has less to do with parental influence and more to do with media consumption.{{cite news|last1=Pumhösel|first1=Alois|title=Germanist: 'Kinder vor Dialekt bewahren zu wollen ist absurd'|url=https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000115285298/germanist-kinder-vor-dialekt-bewahren-zu-wollen-ist-absurd|newspaper=Der Standard|location=Vienna|access-date=26 June 2020|archive-date=26 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626202722/https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000115285298/germanist-kinder-vor-dialekt-bewahren-zu-wollen-ist-absurd|url-status=live}}

File:FC Red Bull Salzburg g SK Sturm Graz 01.JPG]]

The former SV Austria Salzburg reached the UEFA Cup final in 1994. On 6 April 2005 Red Bull bought the club and changed its name to FC Red Bull Salzburg. The home stadium of Red Bull Salzburg is the Wals Siezenheim Stadium in a suburb in the agglomeration of Salzburg and was one of the venues for the 2008 European Football Championship. FC Red Bull Salzburg plays in the Austrian Bundesliga.

After Red Bull had bought the SV Austria Salzburg and changed its name and team colors, some supporters of the club decided to leave and form a new club with the old name and old colors, wanting to preserve the traditions of their club. The reformed SV Austria Salzburg was founded in 2005 and at one point played in the Erste Liga, only one tier below the Bundesliga. However, in recent years they have struggled to climb back up to the Austrian second tier and since 2019 they compete in the Regionalliga Salzburg in the Austrian Football third tier.

Red Bull also sponsors the local ice hockey team, the EC Salzburg Red Bulls. The team plays in the Erste Bank Eishockey Liga, an Austria-headquartered cross-border league featuring the best teams from Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, and Italy, as well as one Czech team.

Salzburg was a candidate city for the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics, but lost to Vancouver and Sochi respectively.

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Austria}}

Salzburg is twinned with:{{cite web |url=https://www.stadt-salzburg.at/internet/wirtschaft_umwelt/wirtschaft_gewerbe/staedtepartner_333065.htm |title=Salzburger Städtepartnerschaften |publisher=Stadt Salzburg |language=de |access-date=29 May 2015 |archive-date=29 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529065824/https://www.stadt-salzburg.at/internet/wirtschaft_umwelt/wirtschaft_gewerbe/staedtepartner_333065.htm |url-status=dead }}

{{Div col}}

• Reims, Marne, Grand Est, France, since 1964
• Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy, since 1973
• León, Nicaragua, since 1984
• Singida, Tanzania, since 1984
• Busseto, Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, since 1988
• Vilnius, Lithuania, since 1989
• Dresden, Saxony, Germany, since 1991{{cite web |url=http://www.dresden.de/en/02/11/c_03.php |title=Dresden — Partner Cities |publisher=Landeshauptstadt Dresden |access-date=29 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081016001550/http://www.dresden.de/en/02/11/c_03.php |archive-date=16 October 2008}}
• Supovsky, Russia, since 2016
• Kawasaki, Japan, since 1992
• Meran, South Tyrol, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy, since 2000
• Shanghai, China, since 2004
• Jahrom, Iran, since 2019
• Leeds, England, since 2022

{{Div col end}}

File:Mozart (5).JPG|Mozart's birthplace at Getreidegasse 9

File:Salzburg (night) - Mirabellgarten.jpg|View from Mirabellgarten at night

File:Fountain Mirabell.JPG|The famous fountain in Mirabell Gardens (seen in the "Do-Re-Mi" song from The Sound of Music)

File:Salzburg Sunset by Horst Michael Lechner.jpg|The Sunset at the Staatsbrücke

File:Sigmund-Haffner-Gasse1.jpg|Sigmund Haffner Gasse – Rathaus

File:Wohn&Atelierhaus Lechner Gartengeschoß1.jpg|Residential and studio house Lechner in the old town

File:Untersberg (16).JPG|The Salzburg basin

File:Salzburg (16).JPG|The fortress (background), Salzburg Cathedral (middle), and the Salzach (foreground)

File:Feb20532.JPG|ÖBB rail connection to Salzburg in Innsbruck

File:Feb20516.JPG|Mozart monument

File:Salzburg.fountain.jpg|Fountain in the Residenzplatz

File:Gardens at the Palace of Mirabell.JPG|Palace of Mirabell

File:SalzburgerAltstadt02.JPG|View of the old town and fortress, seen from Kapuzinerberg

File:Salzburg - Panorama (nachts) cropped.jpg|Salzburg at night

{{wide image|File:Salzburg_with_cirrus_clouds.jpg|1000px|A view of the city center of Salzburg with cirrus clouds in the sky}}

{{wide image|Salzburg Nocturnal Panorama levels.jpg|1000px|A night time long exposure of Salzburg}}

{{wide image|Salzburg Steingasse1.jpg|1000px|Salzburg old town with a typical narrow alleyway}}

{{wide image|Salzburg Altstadt Panorama.jpg|1000px|Salzburg Altstadt panorama}}

{{wide image|Salzburg-Panorama-MGD.jpg|1000px|Salzburg panorama as seen from Hohensalzburg fortress}}

{{Portal|Austria}}

• List of World Heritage Sites in Austria
• Salzburg negotiations

{{notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

{{See also|Timeline of Salzburg#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Salzburg}}

{{Commons|Salzburg (Stadt)}}

• {{Official website}} {{In lang|de}}
• [https://www.salzburg.info/en Salzburg, Austria – Travel guide] at salzburg.info
• [https://www.visit-salzburg.net/ Salzburg, Austria – Travel guide by locals] at visit-salzburg.net
• {{Wikivoyage inline|Salzburg}}
• [https://www.destinations.com.tr/tipping-in-salzburg/ Tipping in Salzburg]

{{Principal cities of Austria}}

{{Cities and districts of Salzburg (state)}}

{{Austrian Seats}}

{{List of European capitals by region}}

{{World Heritage Sites in Austria}}

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Salzburg

Category:15 BC establishments

Category:Austrian state capitals

Category:Cities and towns in Salzburg (federal state)

Category:Displaced persons camps in the aftermath of World War II

Category:Districts of Salzburg (federal state)

Category:Holocaust locations in Austria

Category:World Heritage Sites in Austria