ulos

File:Tenun Ulos.jpg tailors making tenun ulos in Huta Raja village, North Sumatra, Indonesia]]

According to the Batak people, there are three sources of warmth for humans: Sun, Fire, and Ulos. They created something that could give them warmth, also believed to be able to give the men bravery and the women strength against infertility. At first, Ulos was only used as an ordinary cloth, but it later developed into a symbol of love and traditional ceremony requirements.{{Cite web |date=2024-04-02 |title=Ulos: A Batak Symbol of Warmth, Affection, and Social Status |url=https://www.indoindians.com/ulos-a-batak-symbol-of-warmth-affection-and-social-status/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Indoindians.com |language=en-US}}

There are many kinds and motifs of ulos. If ulos is used by a man, the upper part of it is called ande-ande, the lower called singkot, and the one used on the head is called tali-tali, or bulang-bulang. Ulos Jugja, Sadum, Ragidup, and Runjat are only used on some occasions.

Image:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Si_gale_gale_dans_TMnr_20025981.jpg performing a traditional dance wearing ulos]]

When Ulos is used by a female, the bottom is called haen, the back is called hoba-hoba, and if it is used as a scarf, it is called ampe-ampe; if used as a head cover, it is called saong; and if used to carry a baby, it is called parompa. The females usually wear a black long dress and head cover. Siabithonon (worn on the body as a shirt or sarong) ulos are ragidup, sibolang, runjat, and jobit. Sihadanghononton (used as head cover) ulos are sirara, sumbat, bolean, mangiring, surisuri, and sadum. Sitalitalihononton (to be tied at the hip) ulos are tumtuman, mangiring, and padangrusa.{{Cite web |last=Napitupulu |first=Nurul Puspita |last2=Amelia |first2=Pasya |last3=Riana Aritonang |first3=Ribka |last4=Afri Yuli |first4=Rivani |date=4 November 2021 |title=Analisis Perlunya Kain Ulos Untuk Upacara Adat Kematian Etnis Pakpak |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/673386665/ulos-pakpak |via=SCRIBD}}

Ulos as a love symbol is called mangulosi. In Batak culture, mangulosi (giving ulos) is a symbol of love to the receiver. There are common rules: mangulosi can only be done by people who have a family relationship or to give it to lower social status people. For example, parents can mangulosi their children, but not the opposite.{{Cite web |last=Aldi |first=Nizar |date=21 July 2024 |title=Tradisi Mangulosi Simbol Perlindungan Suku Batak |url=https://www.detik.com/sumut/budaya/d-7449802/tradisi-mangulosi-simbol-perlindungan-bagi-suku-batak |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=detiksumut |language=id-ID}} To mangulosi a child who gives birth to their first child, the ulos given is ragidup sinagok. Ulos given to a special guest is ulos ragidup silingo.

Ulos is made with a manual loom machine. A spinner (Sorha) is used to make cotton into yards. Palabuan (periuk tanah, an earthenware pot) is used to save coloring water. Ulos are made of cotton.

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{{reflist}}

• [http://www.tribaltextiles.info/articles/Batak/Vera_Tobing_collection.htm Collection of Batak Toba ulos]
• [http://tano-batak.blogspot.com/search/label/Batak%20Textile%20%2F%20Ulos%20Batak Various ulos]

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Category:Batak

Category:Textile industry of Indonesia