:Banaadir
{{Short description|Region of Somalia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Banadir
| native_name = Banaadir
| other_name = Benadir
| nickname =
| motto =
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline = Mogadishu1d.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Mogadishu street scene
| image_flag = Flag of Mogadishu, Somalia.svg
| image_seal =
| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Mogadishu City and Banaadir Region.svg
| image_map = Somalia regions map Banaadir.svg
| mapsize = 200px
| map_caption = Location in Somalia
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Somalia
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_name1 =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = Mogadishu
| government_type = Federal
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Mohammed Ahmed Amir{{cite web |title=Mohamed Ahmed Amiir Appointed as Banadir Region Governor and Mogadishu Mayor {{!}} Horseed Media |url=https://horseedmedia.net/mohamed-ahmed-amiir-appointed-as-banadir-region-governor-and-mogadishu-mayor/396826/ |website=Horseed Media - Latest Somali News & Analysis |language=en}}
| established_title =
| established_date =
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 370
| population_note =
| population_total = 2,330,700
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = EAT
| utc_offset = +3
| coordinates = {{coord|2|2|59|N|45|15|44|E|type:adm1st_region:SO|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft =
| iso_code = SO-BN{{cite web | url = https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SO | title = ISO 3166 — Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions | publisher = International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | access-date = 3 February 2025}}
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2017)
| blank_info_sec2 = 0.459{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13|archive-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|url-status=live}}
{{color|#600|low}} · 1st
| website =
}}
Banaadir ({{langx|so|Banaadir}}, {{langx|ar|بنادر}}, {{langx|it|Benadir}}) is an administrative region (gobol) in southeastern Somalia.{{cite web|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia/|access-date=23 March 2015|archive-date=1 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701070127/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|url-status=live}} It covers the same area as the city of Mogadishu, which serves as the capital. It is the only region in the country not belonging to any of the six states. It is bordered to the northwest by the Shabelle river, and to the southeast by the Indian Ocean.Eno, Omar A., Mohamed A. Eno, and Dan Van Lehman. "Defining the problem in Somalia: perspectives from the southern minorities." Journal of the Anglo-Somali Society 47 (2010): 19-30. Although by far the smallest administrative region in Somalia, it has the largest population, estimated at 1,650,227 (including 369,288 internally displaced persons) in 2014.{{cite web|title=Population Estimation Survey 2014 for the 18 Pre-War Regions of Somalia|publisher=United Nations Population Fund|url=http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf|access-date=23 October 2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203150/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf|url-status=live}}
The territorial extent and scope of the term Benaadir has varied in definition throughout its history, with medieval usage extending Benaadir to huge swaths of coast adjacent to Mogadishu stretching as far as hundreds of miles, from Hobyo in the north. The early modern period which extended the meaning of Benaadir to the interior midway towards the Hirshabelle region, to the contemporary period wherein sometimes the nonstandard misnomer of usage being interchangeable with the city of Mogadishu. This Banaadir municipality is bordered to the north by Hirshabelle and to the southwest by South West, and is the only Somali gobol (administrative region) which is both a municipality and a gobol known as a region.
Overview
The Banaadir region is bordered by the Middle Shebelle (Shabeellaha Dhexe) and Lower Shebelle (Shabeellaha Hoose), as well as the Indian Ocean.
"Benaadir" is derived from the Somali banaadir, which means "coast", in reference to the southern Somali coastal cities Mogadishu, Merka and Barawa. The place name reflects the region's medieval position as a key trade center with Persia, Arabian Peninsula and the Swahili coast.{{cite book|last1=Njoku|first1=Raphael Chijioke|title=The History of Somalia|date=2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0313378577|page=69|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FlL2vE_qRQ8C|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=18 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518175752/https://books.google.com/books?id=FlL2vE_qRQ8C|url-status=live}}
The name derives from the Persian bandar (بندر) meaning ‘port’ or ‘harbour’.{{Cite book |last=Everett-Heath |first=John |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001/acref-9780191882913;jsessionid=21AB7474EB0B7530E98406BEF99B2D9D |title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names |date=2019-10-24 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-188291-3 |language=en-US |doi=10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001 |access-date=15 March 2023 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522133514/https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001/acref-9780191882913;jsessionid=21AB7474EB0B7530E98406BEF99B2D9D |url-status=live }}
Its capital is Mogadishu, known locally as Xamar (pronounced: Hamar), although the administrative region itself is coextensive with the city. Benaadir is much smaller than the historical region of Benadir, which covered most of the country's central and southern seaboard opposite the Indian Ocean and up to the Juba River, including Mogadishu.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XCKiAJnmolAC&dq=benadiri+kismayo&pg=PA202 |title=Le missioni cattoliche rivista quindicinale |date=1891 |language=it}}
Thabit M. Abdi was appointed mayor of Mogadishu and governor of Banaadir in 2017, succeeding Yusuf Hussein Jimale who held that post since November 2015.{{cite news | url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2017/Apr/141440/thabit_abdi_named_as_the_new_mayor_of_mogadishu.aspx | title=Thabit Abdi named as the new Mayor of Mogadishu | date=6 April 2017 | publisher=Hiiraan Online | access-date=11 July 2019 | archive-date=25 July 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725132913/https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2017/apr/141440/thabit_abdi_named_as_the_new_mayor_of_mogadishu.aspx | url-status=live }}
History
=Political=
Tradition and old records assert that southern Somalia, including the Mogadishu area, was inhabited by Benadiris for centuries{{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&q=Oman+suzerainty+mogadishu&pg=PA18 |title=A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa |date=1999 |publisher=James Currey Publishers |isbn=978-0-85255-280-3 |language=en |access-date=2020-11-06 |archive-date=2022-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329041023/https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&q=Oman+suzerainty+mogadishu&pg=PA18 |url-status=live }} and was during the early modern period considered the wealthiest city on the East African coast, as well as the center of a thriving textile industry.Horn and Crescent Cultural Change and Traditional Islam on the East African Coast, by Randall L. Pouwels – Notes to Pages 37–40 In the 17th century, Mogadishu and parts of southern Somalia fell under the Hiraab Imamate and in the 19th century came under the Geledi Sultanate's sphere of influence.
After the Somali Republic became independent in 1960, Mogadishu became known and promoted as the White Pearl of the Indian Ocean. After the ousting of the Siad Barre regime in 1991 and the ensuing Somali Civil War, various militias fought for control of the city, later to be replaced by the Islamic Courts Union in the mid-2000s. The ICU thereafter splintered into more radical groups, notably the al-Shabaab, which fought the Transitional Federal Government (2004–2012) and its African Union Mission to Somalia allies. With a change in administration in late 2010, government troops and their military partners had succeeded in forcing out Al-Shabaab by August 2011. Mogadishu has then subsequently experienced a period of intense reconstruction.
Population
Districts
The Banaadir region consists of seventeen districts.{{Cite web |url=http://www.statoids.com/yso.html |title=Districts of Somalia |access-date=21 August 2011 |archive-date=18 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218080018/http://www.statoids.com/yso.html |url-status=live }} Warta Nabada District was previously known as Wardhigley District until it was officially renamed in 2012.[https://archive.today/20140425081906/http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2012/04/10/newsbrief-04 Somali president renames Mogadishu district to foster peace], SabahiOnline.com, 10 April 2012. Accessed on 23 October 2016. Kahda District was formed in 2013 and is still absent from most maps.See: [http://www.internews.org/somali-voices-radio-program-connects-families-fosters-dialogue-tough-issues "Somali Voices" Radio Program Connects Families, Fosters Dialogue on Tough Issues] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416022717/http://internews.org/somali-voices-radio-program-connects-families-fosters-dialogue-tough-issues |date=2016-04-16 }}, Internews, 27 February 2014. Accessed on 7 October 2015..:
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://reliefweb.int/attachments/b6f5cb52-938e-32c0-814d-32eb036cf747/120316_Administrative_Map_Banadir_A4.pdf Administrative map of Banaadir]
{{Somalia_Regions}}
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