:Rosneft

Rosneft has played a major role in the history of Russia's oil industry. The first use of the name Rosneft dates back to the late 19th century{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}, when exploration of oil fields in Sakhalin began in 1889. Most of Rosneft's current assets were acquired during the Soviet era.

Rosneft was established in 1993 as a unitary enterprise with assets previously held by Rosneftegaz, the successor to the Soviet Union's Ministry of Oil Industry. During the early 1990s, almost all Russian oil companies and refineries were extracted from Rosneft to form ten integrated companies. Later their number was halved as a result of acquisitions. On 29 September 1995, an Order of the Government of Russia No. 971 transformed Rosneft into an open joint stock company.{{cite web |url=https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/WPM_44.pdf|title=On the Road to Global NOC Status? |date=January 2012 |first=James |last=Henderson |website=Oxford Institute for Energy Studies |publisher=University of Oxford |access-date=5 May 2020}}

In March 1996, Rosneft founded the Russian Regional Development Bank.{{cite web |title=Russian Regional Development Bank OAO |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/VBRR:RU |publisher=Bloomberg |access-date=16 June 2020}}{{cite news |title=Sale of top Russian business newspaper 'Vedomosti' complete |url=https://meduza.io/en/news/2020/05/29/sale-of-top-russian-business-newspaper-vedomosti-complete |publisher=Meduza |date=29 May 2020}}

Rosneft struggled financially and operationally during the 1998 Russian financial crisis with decreased production due to poor assets and lower retail sales with an underused refining capacity. In July 1998 the Russian government tried to sell Rosneft, but it failed.{{cite web|url=http://www.ponarseurasia.org/memo/lessons-half-learned-comparing-1998-and-2014-ruble-crises|title=Comparing the 1998 and 2014 Ruble Crises |date=July 2015|work=Ponars Eurasia|access-date=5 May 2020}}

In October 1998, the Russian government appointed Sergey Bogdanchikov as president.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/25/business/business-russian-oil-so-much-yet-so-little.html |title=Russian Oil: So Much, Yet So Little|date=25 October 1998|work=The New York Times |first=Agis |last=Salpukas |access-date=5 May 2020}} The company owned two obsolete refineries and several low-productive and poorly managed oil-producing assets. In the late 1990s, plans for Rosneft's privatization in Russia were made, but due to competition with equally influential pretenders, they were not carried out.

From 2002 to 2004, the company's primary objectives were strengthening control over its assets, reducing the debt burden, and obtaining licenses in Eastern Siberia. The determining factor in enhancing the role of Rosneft in the Russian oil industry has been the support of the country's top leadership.{{vague|date=June 2023}} The company, during this time, managed to restore its status after its rough start in the 1990s with the acquisition of Krasnodar Oil and Gas Company in 2002 and Northern Oil Company in early 2003. In addition, in 2002, the company received a license for the development of the Sakhalin-IV and Sakhalin-V project,{{cite journal |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/files/Rosneft.pdf |title=Rosneft as a Mirror of Russia's Evolution |via=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |access-date=5 May 2020 |first=Nina |last=Poussenkova |publisher=Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences |journal=Pro et Contra |volume=10 |issue=2 |date=June 2006}} and in 2003 a license for the development of the Sakhalin-III project.{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}

In 2005, Rosneft acquired a 25.94% stake in the company Verkhnechonskneftegaz{{cite book |url={{GBurl|sPZ6zQEACAAJ|page=67}} |title=Russia Oil and Gas Exploration Laws and Regulation Handbook (Vol.1) |date=2013 |work=International Business Publications USA |pages=67 |isbn=978-1-4330-7894-1 |access-date=19 May 2020 |last1=Usa |first1=Usa Ibp |publisher=International Business Publications, USA }} and became the leading oil company of Russia in terms of production.{{cite web|url=https://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/126234.html |title=SOCAR to export Russian oil products|date=29 January 2018|work=AzerNews|access-date=11 May 2020}}

In 2007, the company for the first time entered the annual list of one hundred most respected firms and companies in the world according to the weekly Barron's, in 99th place.{{Cite news|url=http://www.rbcdaily.ru/2007/09/16/world/293271 |script-title=ru:Авторитеты из России |trans-title=Authorities from Russia |date=9 September 2012 |work=RBK Daily |access-date=21 March 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120909102522/http://www.rbcdaily.ru/2007/09/16/world/293271 |archive-date=9 September 2012 |first=Roman |last=Kirillov |language=ru}} By the same year, Rosneft produced 100 million barrels of oil, 20% of Russia's output at the time. In March 2007, Rosneft had announced it hoped to increase production from 80 million tonnes to 103 million tonnes from 2006 to the end of 2007, extract 140 million tonnes of oil by 2012, and become a global top three energy company.{{cite news|url=http://www.petroleumworld.com/story07090309.htm |title=Russia's Rosneft Aiming to Become Top Global Oil Company |date=9 March 2007 |agency=AFP |work=Petroleumworld |publisher=Elio Ohep Fitzgerald |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510011755/http://www.petroleumworld.com/story07090309.htm |archive-date=10 May 2015}}

When the Great Recession struck Russia in late 2008, Rosneft was able to endure the economic pains by improving and strengthening business lines, management, and transparency, and as a result, became a leading oil company domestically and internationally.

In February 2009, a number of agreements were negotiated between Russia and China that provided a 20-year contract for an annual supply of 15 million tons of oil between the Chinese National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and Rosneft, cooperation between CNPC and Transneft to construct and operate a branch of the Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean (ESPO) oil pipeline to China, and the provision of loans for US$25 billion—US$15 billion from Rosneft and US$10 billion from Transneft—by the China Development Bank on the security of supplies.{{cite book |url={{GBurl|EpadDQAAQBAJ}} |title=The Challenge of BRIC Multinationals |date=2017 |work=Emerald Group Publishing Limited |pages=461 |isbn=978-1-78635-349-8 |access-date=14 May 2020 |last1=Tulder |first1=Rob van |last2=Verbeke |first2=Alain |last3=Carneiro |first3=Jorge |last4=Gonzalez-Perez |first4=Maria Alejandra|publisher=Emerald Group }}{{cite web|url=https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/oil/020714-russias-rosneft-chinas-cnpc-in-talks-on-upstream-pact-deals-possible-by-may-reports|title=Russia's Rosneft, China's CNPC in talks on upstream pact, deals possible by May: reports |date=7 February 2014 |work=S&P Global Platts |access-date=14 May 2020}}{{cite book |url={{GBurl|yxk4paS_HfUC|page=342}} |title=Rebalancing and Sustaining Growth in China|date=2012|work=The Australian National University |pages=342 |isbn=978-1-921862-80-9 |access-date=14 May 2020 |last1=McKay |first1=Huw |last2=Song |first2=Ligang|publisher=ANU E Press }}

{{See also|Yukos}}

File:Moscow, Sofiyskaya embankment.jpg on the bank of the Moskva River]]

Starting in 2004, the Russian government organized a series of auctions to sell the assets of Yukos Oil Company, of which Rosneft won the majority. On 22 December 2004, Rosneft purchased Baikal Finance Group, which bought Yuganskneftegaz (Yugansk), a main asset of Yukos, three days earlier at a state-run auction for US$9.35 billion to satisfy tax debts.{{cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/f371c836-1645-11e4-93ec-00144feabdc0 |title=Timeline: The rise and fall of Yukos |work=Financial Times |date=28 July 2014 |access-date=11 May 2020 |url-access=subscription}} According to some estimates,{{who|date=January 2015}} this operation was directed by Russian authorities in order to nationalize Russia's oil and gas industry. In response to the deal, Andrei Illarionov, then a senior Putin economic advisor, denounced it as "fraud of the year".{{Cite news |url=http://www.mosnews.com/money/2004//12/28//illarionov.shtml |title=Putin's Advisor Calls Yuganskneftegaz Sale "Fraud of the Year" |date=29 December 2004 |work=MosNews |access-date=21 March 2018 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20041229122106/http://www.mosnews.com/money/2004//12/28//illarionov.shtml |archive-date=29 December 2004}}

In 2005, Mikhail Khodorkovsky (former chairman of Menatep) and Platon Lebedev (business partner of Khodorkovsky) were sentenced to nine years in prison for fraud and tax evasion. In February 2007, they were charged again and accused of stealing $25 billion worth of oil from Yukos subsidiaries. They were convicted, but in 2013 Putin pardoned Khodorkovsky and 2014 the Russian supreme court announced that Lebedev should also be freed early.

The purchase of Yugansk in 2005{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4315593.stm |title=Managers' row hits Russian merger|date=3 March 2005 |work=BBC News |access-date=11 May 2020}} greatly increased the number of assets and production for Rosneft. Subsequently, Rosneft filed a lawsuit against Yukos in connection with the use of the understated transfer prices for the purchase of oil from Yuganskneftegaz prior to its breakup. At the same time, Rosneft itself also purchased oil and gas from its subsidiary, Yuganskneftegaz, at transfer prices.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}}

File:RF NG pipestoEU.gif to Europe]]

In May 2007, Rosneft won a number of auctions for the sale of Yukos' assets, including five refineries and oil companies Tomsk Oil Company and Samara Oil and Gas Company, making it the largest oil company in Russia. According to experts on the Russian newspaper Vedomosti, the assets of Yukos, bought by Rosneft at auction organized by the state, went to the company at a discount of 43.4% of the market price of this property. In 2007, the former assets of Yukos provided 72.6% of oil and gas condensate production and 74.2% of Rosneft's primary refining.{{cite news |url=http://www.vedomosti.ru/newspaper/article.shtml?2007/09/25/133276 |script-title=ru:Прокурорский дисконт |trans-title=Prosecutor's discount |first=Irina |last=Reznik |date=25 September 2007 |work=Vedomosti |url-access=subscription |language=ru}} In June, Rosneft paid $731 million for the transportation assets of Yukos, which had declared bankrupt in August 2006 after three years of litigation over tax arrears.{{cite web |publisher=Oil & Gas Eurasia |url=http://www.oilandgaseurasia.com/articles/p/36/article/343/ |title=Rosneft Gets More of Yukos |date=June 2007 |access-date=27 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208084343/http://www.oilandgaseurasia.com/articles/p/36/article/343/ |archive-date=8 February 2012 }} In August, Bogdanchikov said that although the Yukos acquisitions had increased Rosnefts debt to $US 26 billion, he planned to reduce debt to 30% of total assets by 2010 by tripling refining capacity and expand into China.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

In July 2006, Rosneft placed 15% of its shares traded with a total value of US$10.7 billion in an initial public offering (IPO) at the London Stock Exchange, the Russian Trading System, and the Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange. Part of the shares were distributed among the Russian population through banks such as Sberbank and Gazprombank.{{cite book |url={{GBurl|6QjcAAAAQBAJ}} |title=Power and Policy in Putins´s Russia|date=2009|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-98994-3 |access-date=14 May 2020|last1=Sakwa|first1=Richard}}{{cite book |url={{GBurl|VJ1FCgAAQBAJ}} |title=Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities |date=2012 |pages=574 |isbn=978-0-12-801610-7 |access-date=14 May 2020|last1=Depamphilis|first1=Donald|publisher=Academic Press }}

The Federal Service for Financial Markets authorized the placement and circulation outside the country of a 22.5% stake in Rosneft.{{cite web|url=https://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/news/market-news/market-news-detail/ROSN/13622556.html |title=Consolidated financial statements 2017|date=31 December 2017|work=London Stock Exchange|access-date=19 May 2020}}

Rosneft announced a placement value of US$5.85–7.85 per share and global depository receipt (GDR), based on the company's capitalization after consolidation of US$60–80 billion. It planned to place shares for at least US$8.5 billion in order to repay loans to Western banks, including interest and taxes.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2006/07/14/investors-eagerly-await-rosneft-ipo-petronas-among-bidders|title=Investors eagerly await Rosneft IPO, Petronas among bidders|date=14 July 2006|work=TheStar|access-date=19 May 2020}}

On 14 July, the official results of the placement value were announced. Shares were priced at US$7.55, almost at the upper end of the price band, resulting in Rosneft's capitalization—taking into account the upcoming consolidation of its subsidiaries—at a value of US$79.8 billion, making Rosneft surpass Lukoil as the largest oil company in Russia. Investors bought 1.38 billion shares for US$10.4 billion: 21% of the shares were bought by strategic investors, 36% from international investors from North America, Europe, and Asia, 39% from Russian investors, and 4% from Russian retail investors. 49.4% of the total IPO volume accounted for four investors, including BP for US$1 billion, Petronas for US$1.5 billion, and the CNPC for $0.5 billion. Individuals submitted applications for the purchase of 99,431,775 shares of the oil company, and as a result, most of the new shareholders were individuals; partly because of this IPO was given the unofficial name of "people's."{{cite news |url=http://www.ipocongress.ru/rus/analytics/articles/id/3988/ |script-title=ru:"Роснефть": "народное IPO" обернулось скандалом |trans-title=Rosneft: "people's IPO" turned into a scandal |date=9 June 2010|work=ipocongress.ru|access-date=22 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202183107/http://www.ipocongress.ru/rus/analytics/articles/id/3988/|archive-date=2 February 2012|url-status=dead |language=ru}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1499211|title=ОАО НК Роснефть |trans-title=OJSC NK Rosneft |date=9 June 2010 |work=Kommersant |access-date=21 March 2018|pages=9}}

Rosneft's IPO became the largest in the history of Russia and the fifth in the world in terms of the amount of money raised at the time. The announced amount could increase by another US$400 million if the global placement coordinators realize the option of buying another 53 million GDRs of Rosneft at the price of placement within 30 days.

{{See also|Abkhazia}}

On 26 May 2009, a five-year cooperation agreement was negotiated between Rosneft and the Abkhazia's Ministry of Economy. The parties stated their intention to develop mutually beneficial cooperation in areas as geological prospecting, development of oil and gas fields, production of hydrocarbons, and sale of oil, natural gas and oil products. Rosneft undertook exploration on the shelf in the Ochamchire area, discovering preliminary reserves estimated at 200 million to 500 million tons of oil equivalent. In addition to drilling and creating its own sales network, Rosneft also planned the construction of mini-refineries in Abkhazia.{{cite press release |url=http://www.rosneft.ru/news/pressrelease/26052009.html |date=26 May 2009 |script-title=ru:НК «Роснефть» и Минэкономики Абхазии договорились о сотрудничестве |trans-title=NK "Rosneft" and the Ministry of Economy of Abkhazia agreed on cooperation |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127222258/http://www.rosneft.ru/news/pressrelease/26052009.html |archivedate=2010-11-27 |publisher=Rosneft |language=ru |access-date=22 March 2018}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.expert.ru/articles/2009/08/25/rosnanhaz/ |title="Роснефть" признала Абхазию |trans-title=Rosneft recognized Abkhazia |work=Expert Online 2.0 |date=31 August 2009|access-date=22 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831212102/http://www.expert.ru/articles/2009/08/25/rosnanhaz/|archive-date=31 August 2009}}

According to Rosneft, the company provides more than half of the retail sales of oil products in Abkhazia. In 2014, Rosneft exported 47 thousand tons of oil products to Abkhazia. Since 2015, Rosneft has been supplying aviation fuel for Sukhumi Babushara Airport.{{cite press release |url=http://www.rosneft.ru/news/pressrelease/310720152.html |script-title=ru:Позиция «НК «Роснефть» по вопросу о сотрудничестве с республикой Абхазия |trans-title=Position of "NK" Rosneft "on the issue of cooperation with the Republic of Abkhazia |date=31 July 2015 |publisher=Rosneft |language=ru |access-date=22 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150803044506/http://www.rosneft.ru/news/pressrelease/310720152.html |archive-date=2015-08-03}}

As part of the project to develop the Gudauta area on the Black Sea shelf, Rosneft carried out a full range of geophysical and geochemical research, conduct 2D and 3D seismic surveys, and start preparations for exploratory drilling. In June 2014, Rosneft extended the shelf study period to five years.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}

In July 2015, however, the new President of Abkhazia, Raul Khajimba, who replaced Alexander Ankvab after his resignation, spoke out against the exploration and production of oil on the offshore shelf of Abkhazia and asked the People's Assembly to consider the possibility of establishing a "commission for the comprehensive study of issues related to the conclusion of contracts for exploration and production hydrocarbons by the previous Abkhaz leadership."{{cite news |url=http://www.vestifinance.ru/articles/60776 |script-title=ru:Власти Абхазии вытесняют "Роснефть" из страны |trans-title=Abkhazian authorities oust Rosneft from the country |language=ru |work=Vesti Finance |access-date=22 March 2018 |archive-date=23 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323031015/http://www.vestifinance.ru/articles/60776 |url-status=dead }}

A group of deputies of the People's Assembly drafted a bill banning the development of hydrocarbons in Abkhazia. Supporters of the bill demanded the prohibition of the development of the offshore shelf in Abkhazia for 30 years.

In September 2010, Eduard Khudainatov replaced Sergei Bogdanchikov as CEO of the company.{{cite news |url=http://www.rosneft.ru/news/pressrelease/05092010.html |script-title=ru:Решением Совета директоров Президентом ОАО "НК "Роснефть" назначен Эдуард Худайнатов |trans-title=By the decision of the Board of Directors, Eduard Khudainatov was appointed President of Rosneft |language=ru |date=9 June 2010 |work=Rosneft |access-date=22 March 2018}}

On 15 October 2010, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev signed an agreement with President of Venezuela Hugo Chávez for the PDVSA to sell 50% of the shares of German company Ruhr Oel to Rosneft, giving Rosneft oil refining assets in Germany.{{cite news |url=https://www.rosneft.com/business/Downstream/Neftepererabotka/Acquisition_of_a_stake_in_Ruhr_Oel_GmbH/ |title=Stake in Ruhr Oel GmbH |website=Rosneft}}

Since 23 May 2012, former Deputy Prime Minister Igor Sechin became the company's CEO, succeeding Khudaninatov, who received the post of vice-president.{{cite news|url=http://www.gazeta.ru/business/news/2012/05/23/n_2355721.shtml |script-title=ru:Совет директоров назначил Сечина президентом "Роснефти", Худайнатов стал его замом |trans-title=The board of directors appointed Sechin president of Rosneft, Khudainatov became his deputy |language=ru |work=Gazeta.Ru |access-date=22 March 2018}}

In the summer of 2012, Rosneft purchased a fuel oil terminal from the United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC) located on the territory of the Murmansk Ship Repair Plant No. 35. The transaction value is estimated at US$28 million. According to Kommersant, the Murmansk terminal can be used as a platform for Rosneft's activities in the Arctic.{{Cite news |url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1982144 |script-title=ru:"Роснефть" вышла на причал в Мурманске |trans-title=Rosneft went to the pier in Murmansk |date=17 July 2012 |work=Kommersant |access-date=22 March 2018 |pages=9 |language=ru}}

In October 2016, Rosneft bought a 49% stake in Essar Oil of India, along with Russian investment fund United Capital, in a deal worth $13 billion.{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/brics-summit-2016-rosneft-partners-buy-essar-oil-for-13-billion-in-largest-fdi-deal-3084527/ |title=Rosneft, partners buy Essar Oil for $13 billion in largest FDI deal |date=15 October 2016 |work=The Indian Express}}

On 7 December 2016, Rosneft signed a deal to sell 19.5% of the outstanding shares, or roughly US$11 billion, to the Anglo-Swiss multinational commodity trader Glencore and the Qatar Investment Authority.{{Cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/carter-page-trump-russia-igor-sechin-dossier-2017-1|title = Memos: CEO of Russia's state oil company offered Trump adviser, allies a cut of huge deal if sanctions were lifted |work=Business Insider |first=Natasha |last=Bertrand |date=27 January 2017}} Officially, the stake was split 50/50 between Glencore and Qatar, but Glencore contributed only €300 million and claims only a 0.54% stake. The ownership structure includes a Cayman Islands company, QHG Cayman Limited, whose ownership can not be traced.{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-rosneft-privatisation-insight-idUSKBN1582OH |title=How Russia sold its oil jewel: without saying who bought it|date=25 January 2017|publisher=Reuters}} After the transaction, Rosneft's holding company Rosneftegaz retained 50% + 1 share of the company.{{Cite news|url=http://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2016/12/08/668719-glencore-tsena-pokupki-rosnefti |title=Glencore: цена покупки пакета "Роснефти" – 10,2 млрд евро |trans-title=Glencore: purchase price of Rosneft stake – 10.2 billion euros |last=Ведомости |date=8 December 2016 |access-date=22 March 2018}}

On 2 October 2017, the PLA-linked CEFC China Energy{{cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e3f8cbd2-983f-11e7-a652-cde3f882dd7b |title=Opaque Chinese oil group makes clear gains in former Soviet bloc |work=Financial Times |date=13 September 2017 |url-access=subscription}} bought a $9 billion stake in Rosneft.{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-02/why-cefc-spent-9-billion-on-rosneft-while-seeing-30-oil-risk |title=Why an Enigmatic Chinese Company Just Spent $9 Billion on a Stake in Rosneft |work=Bloomberg |date=2 October 2017}}

On 26 September 2017, the Russian government controversially approved the former German chancellor Gerhard Schröder as chairman of Rosneft.{{Cite web |url=http://runews24.ru/politics/26/09/2017/bbb36e42d7f6cd47c67f1acdc5f7f854 |script-title=ru:Власти утвердили Шредера кандидатом на пост главы "Роснефти" |trans-title=The authorities approved Schroeder as a candidate for the post of head of Rosneft |website=runews24.ru |language=ru |access-date=22 March 2018}}

In May 2018, it was announced that the Qatar-Glencore consortium is cancelling the plan to sell a $9.1 billion (14%) stake of Rosneft to CEFC China Energy. With the dissolution of the consortium, the Qatar Investment Authority purchased the shares instead, thereby solidifying its position as one of the biggest shareholders (19%) of Rosneft.{{cite news |first1=N. |last1=Hume |first2=D. |last2=Sheppard |date=4 May 2018 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/402ab57c-4fb6-11e8-9471-a083af05aea7 |title=Qatar and Glencore scrap plan to sell $9bn Rosneft stake to CEFC |work=Financial Times |access-date=1 June 2018 |url-access=subscription}}

In the 2010s, the extensive contact between Rosneft and ExxonMobil were further deepened, with Igor Sechin and Rex Tillerson getting to know each other personally.

{{see also|East-Prinovozemelsky field}}

File:EPNZ 1-3 oil and gas areas.png

On 15 January 2011, Rosneft and BP announced a deal to develop the East-Prinovozemelsky field on the Russian arctic shelf between the Yamal Peninsula and Novaya Zemlya island.{{cite web|url=http://www.rosneft.ru/attach/0/62/46/Rosneft_Strategic_Alliance_with_BP.pdf|title=Rosneft Strategic Alliance with BP|publisher=Rosneft|date=January 2011|access-date=30 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030112213/http://www.rosneft.ru/attach/0/62/46/Rosneft_Strategic_Alliance_with_BP.pdf|archive-date=30 October 2012}} As part of the deal Rosneft was to receive 5% of BP's shares, worth approximately $7.8 billion, as of January 2011 and BP would get approximately 9.5% of Rosneft's shares in exchange.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12195576|title=BP and Russia in Arctic oil deal |work=BBC News |url-status=live |date=14 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102184656/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12195576 |archive-date=2 November 2011}} According to the deal, the two companies would create an Arctic technology centre in Russia to develop technologies and engineering practices for safe arctic hydrocarbons extraction.{{cite web|url=http://www.rosneft.com/news/pressrelease/15012011.html|title=Rosneft and BP Form Global and Arctic Strategic Alliance |publisher=Rosneft|date=14 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528120828/http://rosneft.com/news/pressrelease/15012011.html|archive-date=28 May 2012}} AAR, which represents four billionaires of Russian origin and is BP's Russian partner in the TNK-BP joint venture, blocked the BP–Rosneft deal in international courts, arguing it breached earlier contracts between BP and AAR.{{cite journal |last=Yenikeyeff |first=Shamil |url=http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/BP-Russian-billionaires-and-the-Kremlin.pdf|title=BP, Russian Billionaires, and the Kremlin: A Power Triangle That Never Was|journal=Oxford Energy Comment|date=23 November 2011|pages=18|publisher=The Oxford Institute of Energy Studies|access-date=24 November 2011}} The TNK-BP partners had previously signed a shareholding agreement which stipulated that their Russian joint venture would be the primary corporate vehicle for BP's oil and gas operations in Russia.{{cite news |first1=Alexis |last1=Flynn |first2=Jacob |last2=Gronholt-Pedersen |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703421204576331033490882712 |title=BP, Rosneft Still in Talks |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=18 May 2011 |access-date=22 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517025644/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703421204576331033490882712.html |archive-date=17 May 2013|url-access=subscription }} On 30 August 2011, Rosneft announced that instead of BP, the partner for EPNZ-1, EPNZ-2 and EPNZ-3 in the Kara Sea will be ExxonMobil. In exchange, subject to approval by U.S. regulators, in addition to a share in oil production in Russian fields, Rosneft was granted participation in U.S. fields in Texas and the Gulf of Mexico.{{cite news |url=http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article275459.ece|title=ExxonMobil in $3.2bn Rosneft Arctic pact |newspaper=Upstream Online|publisher=NHST Media Group|date=30 August 2011|access-date=31 August 2011 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007123538/http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article275459.ece|archive-date=7 October 2012}}{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9PEK64G1.htm|title=Rosneft Teams Up with Exxon Mobil in Arctic Deal|first=Nataliya |last=Vasilyeva|agency=Associated Press |work=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=30 August 2011 |access-date=24 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102110700/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9PEK64G1.htm|archive-date=2 November 2012}}

On 27 January 2011, Rosneft and the American company ExxonMobil signed a deal to establish a joint venture for the purpose of prospecting and extracting oil from the Tuapse field deepwater area on the Black Sea shelf, near the coast of the Krasnodar Krai.{{cite journal |last1=Overland |first1=Indra |last2=Godzimirski |first2=Jakub |last3=Lunden |first3=Lars| last4=Fjaertoft |first4=Daniel |date=2013 |title=Rosneft's offshore partnerships: The re-opening of the Russian petroleum frontier?|url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259431566|journal=Polar Record|volume=49|issue=249|pages=140–153|doi=10.1017/S0032247412000137 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2013PoRec..49..140O |hdl=11250/2442558 |hdl-access=free }} The value of the deal is unknown, but ExxonMobil is expected to invest $1 billion in the project. The venture will be shared 50–50 between the companies during prospecting phase, and two-thirds to one-third in Rosneft's favour during the extraction phase. The Tuapse Trough is estimated to contain 7.2 billion barrels of oil equivalent. The first well could be drilled in 2012.{{cite news|url=http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/exxon-rosneft-sink-1bln-in-black-sea/429894.html|title=Exxon, Rosneft Sink $1Bln in Black Sea|last1=Oliphant|first1=Roland|work=The Moscow Times |date=28 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320023645/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/exxon-rosneft-sink-1bln-in-black-sea/429894.html|archive-date=20 March 2014}} The deal also contains options for additional cooperation, such as extended exploration and production, deliveries to Rosneft's oil refinery in Tuapse, development of transport infrastructure and research on offshore oil production technologies.{{cite web|url=http://www.rosneft.com/news/pressrelease/27012011.html|title=Rosneft and ExxonMobil to Develop Black Sea Resources|publisher=Rosneft|date=27 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528083544/http://rosneft.com/news/pressrelease/27012011.html|archive-date=28 May 2012}} According to analysts, offshore areas are central to Rosneft's expansionist plans, and the company is looking for foreign cooperation to bring in new technology and share risks.

In April 2017, the Trump administration denied ExxonMobil permission to continue a deal with Rosneft to drill for oil in Russia.{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-exxon-mobil-sanctions-russia-usa-idUSKBN17N2B5 |title=U.S. will not give Exxon permission to drill in Russia |work=Reuters |date=21 April 2017}}

On 22 October 2012, it was announced that Rosneft will take over TNK-BP International, a parent company of TNK-BP Holding, which is the third largest oil company in Russia.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/nils-pratley-on-finance/2012/oct/22/stake-rosneft-gamble-bp |title=Taking a stake in Rosneft is a big gamble for BP |work=The Guardian |date=22 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517011325/http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/nils-pratley-on-finance/2012/oct/22/stake-rosneft-gamble-bp |archivedate=17 May 2013}} BP will receive in exchange of its stake $12.3 billion of cash and 18.5% of Rosneft's share, while ARR received $28 billion in cash.{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/bp-rosneft-idUSL5E8LM23U20121022 |title=Rosneft beefs up with TNK-BP purchase |work=Reuters |first1=Darya |last1=Korsunskaya |first2=Andrew |last2=Callus |date=22 October 2012|access-date=22 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222204549/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/10/22/bp-rosneft-idUSL5E8LM23U20121022 |archive-date=22 February 2014}} According to Rosneft's CEO Igor Sechin, no discussion was held on a buyout of minority shareholders in TNK-BP Holding.{{cite news|url=http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article1268244.ece|title=Sechin points to multi-billion TNK-BP synergies|newspaper=Upstream Online|publisher=NHST Media Group|first1=Bill |last1=Lehane |date=23 October 2012|access-date=24 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301050832/http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article1268244.ece |archive-date=1 March 2014}} The deal was completed on 20 March 2013.{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-rosneft-tnkbp-deal-idUKBRE92K0IX20130322 |title=Rosneft pays out in historic TNK-BP deal completion |work=Reuters |first1=Vladimir |last1=Soldatkin |first2=Andrew |last2=Callus |date=22 March 2013 |access-date=25 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214072516/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/03/22/uk-rosneft-tnkbp-deal-idUKBRE92K0IX20130322 |archive-date=14 February 2014}}

On 27 February 2022, BP announced that it would divest its 19.75% stake in Rosneft in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine that took place in February 2022.{{cite news|title=BP to offload stake in Rosneft amid Ukraine conflict|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-60548382|work=BBC News|date=27 February 2022|access-date=27 February 2022|language=en-UK}}

In 2022, Trafigura wound down its relationship with Rosneft, Rosneft asked 2Rivers to take Trafigura's place.{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=The Secret Oil-Trading Ring That Funds Russia's War |url=https://www.wsj.com/business/energy-oil/russia-oil-trading-secret-network-sanctions-fc3981b7 |access-date=2024-10-15}}

The week beginning 19 April 2022, Rosneft attempted to sell millions of barrels of Urals, one of three main export-grade crude oils sold by Russia. The offer failed to attract any customers.{{cite news|last1=Cheong|first1=Serene|last2=Cho|first2=Sharon|last3=Chakraborty|first3=Debjit|title=Asian Buyers Trying to Back Out of Purchases of Russian Oil Grade|work=Bloomberg Business News|date=25 April 2022|accessdate=26 April 2022|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-25/major-russian-oil-grade-may-get-dumped-due-to-tanker-sanctions}}

Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine more than half of Rosneft's 11-member board had quit, forcing the company into a major reshuffle at its annual general meeting on 30 June 2022. Taieb Belmahdi, a former executive at Qatar's state-owned QE, has been elected chairman of the board to replace ex-German chancellor Gerhard Schröder who stepped down in May.{{cite web |title=Rosneft replaces departed western board members |url=https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2346806-rosneft-replaces-departed-western-board-members |access-date=11 January 2023 |work=Argus media |date=1 July 2022}}

In November 2023 a Rosneft subsidiary Sakhalinmorneftegaz-Shelf was given the job of managing Sakhalin-I with an 11.5% interest in the project.{{cite web |title=Russia allows SODECO and ONGC to participate in Sakhalin-1 project |url=https://www.worldexpro.com/news/newsrussia-allows-sodeco-and-ongc-to-participate-in-sakhalin-1-project-10354382 |date=15 November 2023}}

In January 2024, Ukrainian retaliatory drone strikes hit at least four oil and gas terminals across Russia, including Rosneft's Tuapse oil terminal on the Black Sea coast.{{cite news |title=Ukraine levels up the fight with drone strikes deep into Russia |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/27/ukraine-levels-up-the-fight-with-drone-strikes-deep-into-russia |work=The Guardian |date=27 January 2024}}

On 13 March 2024, Ukrainian drones set fire to Rosneft's oil refinery in Ryazan, the seventh largest in Russia, causing injuries according to the regional governor. The refinery is responsible for 8% of Russian aviation fuel, 6.4% of gasoline, 4.1% of diesel and 7.7% of fuel oil. Another drone was shot down over the Kirishi refinery, Russia's second largest, without causing damage or injuries.{{Cite web |title= Russian refineries attacked by Ukraine, Rosneft refinery damaged|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-launches-drone-attacks-russia-second-night-row-officials-say-2024-03-13/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |date=13 March 2024 |website=Reuters |author=Guy Faulconbridge| author2=Lidia Kelly |language=en}}

On 16 July 2014, the Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding Rosneft and other entities to the Sectoral Sanctions List (SSL) in retaliation for the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by the Kremlin and the ongoing Russian interference in Ukraine.{{cite web |url=https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2572.aspx |title=Announcement of Treasury Sanctions on Entities Within the Financial Services and Energy Sectors of Russia, Against Arms or Related Materiel Entities, and those Undermining Ukraine's Sovereignty |publisher= treasury.gov |date= 16 July 2014 }} On 12 September 2014 the United Kingdom also sanctioned Rosneft.{{cite web |title=CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/624d9921d3bf7f6010c0ecd1/InvBan.pdf |date=6 April 2022}}

The first Trump administration expanded further sanctions on its Swiss-incorporated company (Rosneft Trading S.A.) and its president Didier Casimiro on 18 February 2020, for supporting Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro regime by operating in the oil sector of the Venezuelan economy.{{Cite web|url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm909|title=Treasury Targets Russian Oil Brokerage Firm for Supporting Illegitimate Maduro Regime|date=18 February 2020|website=United States Department of the Treasury|access-date=19 February 2020}}{{Cite news |last=Jakes |first=Lara |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/18/world/americas/venezuela-russia-sanctions-trump.html |title=U.S. Imposes Sanctions on Russian Oil Company Supporting Venezuela's Leader |date=18 February 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=25 February 2020|language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}

In March 2022, as a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine the EU imposed sanctions on Rosneft.{{cite web |title=EU introduces additional sanctions against Russia |date=17 March 2022 |url=https://sanctionsnews.bakermckenzie.com/eu-introduces-additional-sanctions-against-russia/ |access-date=8 February 2023}}

Rosneft was sanctioned by New Zealand.{{cite web |title=Russia Sanctions Regulations 2022 |url=https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2022/0074/latest/LMS659655.html |access-date=11 February 2023}}

File:Rosneft-azs.jpg in Moscow]]

Rosneft's daily average crude oil production in 2010 increased by 6.4%, to {{convert|2.3|Moilbbl|abbr=off}}. Total crude oil output reached {{convert|847.4|Moilbbl|abbr=off}} of oil and gas condensate. Rosneft is also among the largest natural gas producers in Russia, with a total gas production of {{convert|12.3|e9m3|m3|abbr=off}} in 2010. Rosneft is engaged in exploration and production across all key oil and gas regions of Russia: Western Siberia, Southern and Central Russia, Timan-Pechora, Eastern Siberia, the Far East, and the shelf of Russia's Arctic Ocean. As of year-end 2010, Rosneft's total proved oil and gas reserves under PRMS classification was {{convert|22.8|Goilbbl|abbr=off}} of oil equivalent, among the highest for a publicly traded petroleum company worldwide. Rosneft is also second-to-none in terms of total proved liquid hydrocarbon reserves.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rosneft.com/business/|title=Business |publisher=Rosneft |language=ru|access-date=7 March 2018}}{{cite web|url=https://www.2b1stconsulting.com/rosneft-oil-company-in-brief/|title=The leading Russian Petroleum Company|date=17 October 2012|work=2B1st Consulting|access-date=11 May 2020}}

In 2016, based on geological prospecting, 13 oil fields and 127 new deposits with the reserves totaling 207 million tons of oil equivalent were discovered. The replacement of hydrocarbon reserves of industrial categories ABC1 amounted to 354 million TOE or 126% of the production in Russia. The replacement factor for new reserves has been significantly above 100% for over ten years.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rosneft.com/business/Upstream/exploration/|title=Geological prospecting |publisher=Rosneft |language=ru|access-date=7 March 2018}}{{third-party inline|date=May 2018}}

According to Rosneft, the reserves increment in Western Siberia amounted to 133 million tons of oil and condensate and {{convert|87|e9m3|m3|abbr=off}} of natural gas. 37 prospecting and exploration wells tests were completed with a success rate of 89%. 45 new deposits with the total reserve of 59 million tons of AB1С1 + В2С2 were discovered. In Eastern Siberia and the Far East, the total increase in reserves amounted to 21.2 million tons of oil and condensate and {{convert|29|e9m3|m3|abbr=off}} of gas. 11 exploration well tests were completed with a success rate of 55%. Five new deposits with reserves of 39 million tons of oil equivalent were discovered. In 2016, the total incremental {{convert|4.8|e9m3|m3|abbr=off}} of gas. 37 well tests were completed with a success rate of 76%.{{third-party inline|date=May 2018}}

Rosneft owns and operates seven large refineries in Russia with an aggregate annual capacity of {{convert|372|Moilbbl|abbr=off}} and four mini-refineries. The refineries are able to process about 45% of crude oil produced by Rosneft as a whole. Rosneft owns a 50% stake in Ruhr Oel GmbH, the owner of stakes in four refineries in Germany with overall capacity of 23.2 million tonnes.{{cite web|url=https://www.eurasiareview.com/05052011-germany-rosneft-acquires-50-of-ruhr-oel-gmbh/|title=Germany: Rosneft Acquires 50% Of Ruhr Oel GmbH|date=5 May 2011|work=Eurasia Review|access-date=19 May 2020}} A 54% stake in the PCK refinery in Schwedt was put into trusteeship by the German government in September 2022 as a result of the Russian attacks on Ukraine.{{Cite web |title=Germany tells Rosneft 'find buyer or lose refinery' – DW – 03/08/2024 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-tells-rosneft-find-buyer-or-lose-refinery/a-68477965 |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=dw.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Rani |first=Archana |date=2024-09-03 |title=Germany extends control over Rosneft's German units until March 2025 |url=https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/germany-control-rosnefts/ |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Offshore Technology |language=en-US}} In August 2024, it was revealed that Qatar was planning on purchasing Rosneft’s stakes through negotiations held between the Secretary of State of the German Chancellery, Joerg Kukies, and the CEO of the Qatar Investment Authority, Mansoor Ebrahim Al-Mahmoud.{{Cite web |date=2024-08-28 |title=Qatar in talks on possible purchase of Rosneft stake in German refinery, report says |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/qatar-talks-possible-purchase-rosneft-stake-german-refinery-report-says-2024-08-28/ |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Reuters}}{{Cite web |title=Qatar expands its influence in Europe through the purchase of Rosneft assets |url=https://news.az/news/-qatar-expands-its-influence-in-europe-through-the-purchase-of-rosneft-assets |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=news.az |language=en}} In September 2024, the German government announced it would extend the trusteeship until 10 March 2025, with the anticipation of a sale of assets to Qatar.{{Cite web |date=2024-09-02 |title=Germany extends trusteeship over Rosneft assets, economy ministry |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germany-extend-rosneft-trusteeship-source-2024-09-02/ |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Reuters}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-09-03 |title=Germany extends control over Rosneft's German units until March 2025 |url=https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/germany-control-rosnefts/ |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Offshore Technology |language=en-US}} Rosneft is the second largest national oil company by retail network, which covers 41 regions of Russia and includes 1,800 filling stations.{{cite web|url=http://www.rustocks.com/index.phtml/rcg/RSNT|title=Rosneft Oil Company|work=Rustocks|access-date=19 May 2020}} In March 2020, the company stopped its operations in Venezuela and sold all of its assets in the country to another unnamed company that is owned by the Russian government.{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-rosneft-venezuela-idUSKBN21F0W2|title=Rosneft sells Venezuelan assets to Russia after U.S. sanctions ramp up|date=28 March 2020|work=Reuters|access-date=29 March 2020|language=en}}

Rosneft owns several subsidiaries, amongst which is Rosneftflot, its sea transportation unit to own and manage vessels.{{cite news |url=https://www.rosneft.com/press/releases/item/191101/ |title=Zvezda shipyard to build an advanced ice class tanker for Rosneft with 69,000 t deadweight }} By 2018 they had contracted 26 vessels, including 12 polar-capable oil tankers, with Zvezda Shipyard.

Prior to the initial public offering (IPO) in 2006, all of Rosneft's shares were owned by the Russian government through its holding company JSC Rosneftegaz. After the placement of the company's shares on the stock exchange and the consolidation of shares of 12 subsidiaries (including Yuganskneftegaz) of Rosneft, the share of Rosneftegaz decreased to 75.16%. As of September 2012, Rosneft had over 160,000 shareholders. By December 2016, the number of individual shareholders was 138,000, with Rosneftegaz owning only 50% of the shares, BP owning 19.75%, and 30.25% owned by other shareholders.{{cite web |url=https://www.rbc.ru/economics/25/09/2012/5703fd5f9a7947fcbd440c93 |script-title=ru:ФСФР поддержала А.Навального в борьбе с "Роснефтью" |trans-title=FSFM supported A. Navalny in the fight against Rosneft |date=25 September 2012

|website=RBK |access-date=7 March 2018 |language=ru}}{{cite news |url=https://ria.ru/economy/20130829/959405531.html |script-title=ru:Сечин воспользовался кредитом для покупки акций "Роснефти" |trans-title=Sechin used the loan to buy shares of Rosneft |date=29 August 2013 |work=RIA Novosti |access-date=7 March 2018 |language=ru}} In August 2021 Igor Sechin increased his own share at Rosneft from 0.1273% up to 0.1288%.{{cite web |url=https://tass.ru/ekonomika/12268797 |script-title=ru:Сечин увеличил долю в уставном капитале Роснефти до 0,1288% |trans-title=Sechin increased his stake in Rosneft's authorized capital to 0.1288% |language=ru |date=2021-09-01 |publisher=TASS}}

File:2015-12 Gerhard Schröder SPD Bundesparteitag by Olaf Kosinsky-17 (cropped).jpg: former German chancellor; he was also chairman of Rosneft until 2022 which brought some controversy in western countries as a result]]

Members of the board of directors (as of June 2022):{{cite web |title=Board of directors |url=https://www.rosneft.com/governance/board/ |website=rosneft.com |publisher=Rosneft |access-date=11 January 2023}}

• Taieb Belmahdi – Chairman{{cite web |title=Board of Directors |url=https://www.rosneft.com/governance/board/ |website=rosneft.com |publisher=Rosneft |access-date=11 January 2023}}
• Igor Sechin – CEO, Deputy Chairman
• Aleksander Nekipelov – Deputy Chairman, Independent director
• Andrey Akimov
• Hamad Rashid Al-Mohannadi
• Faisal Alsuwaidi
• Pedro А. Aquino, Jr.
• Vladimir Litvinenko
• Alexander Novak
• Maxim Oreshkin
• Aleksandr Uss

Members of the management board:{{cite web |url=https://www.rosneft.com/governance/management/ |title=Management board |publisher=Rosneft |language=en |access-date=7 March 2018}}

• Igor Sechin – CEO, Chairman
• Yuri Kalinin – Deputy Chairman, Vice President
• Eric M. Liron – First Vice President
• Gennady Bukaev – Vice President, Head of Internal Audit
• Didier Casimiro – Vice President for Refining, Petrochemical, Commerce, and Logistics
• Peter Lazarev – Financial director
• Yury Narushevich – Vice President for Internal Services
• Zeljko Runje – Vice President for Offshore Projects
• Yuri Kurilin – Vice President, Chief of Staff
• Andrey Shishkin – Vice President for Energy, Localization, and Innovation
• Stuart Goodreid – Vice President

In 2011, according to Rosneft, the company had donated $422 million to charity, 4 times than the previous year, becoming the leading Russian company devoted to philanthropy that year. At the same time, the composition of the beneficiaries was not disclosed as it was known that the oil company had previously committed to pay $180 million for the right to be the general sponsor of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.{{Cite news |url=https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2012/02/06/pristup_schedrosti |script-title=ru:"Роснефть" проявила неожиданную и невиданную благотворительность |trans-title=Rosneft has shown unexpected and unprecedented charity |work=Vedomosti |language=ru |date=6 February 2012 |access-date=7 March 2018}}

Since 2012, Rosneft, along with Gazprom, has been the title sponsor of the association football team FC Tom Tomsk based in Tomsk.{{cite news |url=https://www.gazeta.ru/sport/rfc/2012/02/a_4003329.shtml |script-title=ru:"Томь" подписала спонсорские соглашения с "Газпром нефтью" и "Роснефтью" |trans-title=Tom signed sponsorship agreements with Gazprom Neft and Rosneft |website=Gazeta.Ru |language=ru |access-date=7 March 2018}}

Rosneft has been ranked as among the 13th best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on indigenous rights and resource extraction in the Arctic.{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313474088 |title=Ranking Oil, Gas and Mining Companies on Indigenous Rights in the Arctic |last=Overland |first=Indra |date=2016 |website=ResearchGate |publisher=Arran |access-date=2 August 2018}}

In October 2009, the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) imposed on Rosneft a record fine of ₽5.3 billion ($175M) for violating anti-monopoly legislation. The fine was imposed for the abuse of power in the petroleum market recorded in the first half of 2009, which was expressed in the "seizure of goods from circulation, which led to higher prices in the wholesale segment of the oil products market, creating discriminatory conditions for the sale of oil products to individual counter-parties." As FAS has calculated, these actions led to an increase in prices in the wholesale markets of motor gasoline, diesel fuel, and aviation kerosene in the first half of 2009.{{cite news |url=http://gazeta.ru/financial/2009/10/27/3277503.shtml |script-title=ru:"Роснефть" поставила штрафной рекорд |trans-title=Rosneft has set a penalty record |work=Gazeta.Ru |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}}

On 9 August 2010, a former subsidiary of Yukos, Yukos Capital Sarl of Luxembourg, was seeking to have Rosneft repay the debts of companies that previously belonged to Yukos. After the seizure of Rosneft's assets in the United Kingdom and the denial of an appeal by the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, Rosneft said that Yukos Capital paid Yuganskneftegaz its debt of ₽12.9 billion ($426M).{{cite news |url=http://rian.ru/economy/20100809/263392031.html |script-title=ru:"Роснефть" выплатила Yukos Capital 13 млрд рублей |trans-title=Rosneft paid out 13 billion rubles to Yukos Capital |date=9 August 2010 |work=RIA Novosti |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}}

On 16 August 2010, Yukos Capital appealed to the Federal Arbitration Court of the West Siberian District with a cassation appeal against the decision of the Arbitration Court of Tomsk Oblast to refuse reclaiming from Tomskneft, a Rosneft subsidiary, more than ₽7 billion ($231M) under loan agreements. Previously, Yukos Capital applied to international arbitration under the International Chamber of Commerce, and it obliged Tomskneft to pay ₽7,254.2 million ($239M), $275,200, and £52,960, with an interest rate of 9% per annum for the amount of ₽4,350 million ($144M), starting from 12 February 2009 until the day of payment of the debt. The Russian court had to bring the court's decision to Russian territory. However, the Arbitration Court of Tomsk Oblast, having considered the claim, ruled to refuse Yukos Capital in debt collection.{{cite news |url=http://gazeta.ru/business/2010/08/16/3407972.shtml |title=Yukos Capital развивает успех |trans-title=Yukos Capital builds on success |work=Gazeta.Ru |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}}

On 15 December 2017, a Moscow court sentenced Alexei Ulyukayev, a former Russian economy minister to pay ₽130M ($2.2M) and eight years in a penal colony for bribery and corruption.{{Cite news |date=2017-12-15 |title=Russian ex-minister Ulyukayev gets eight years for bribery |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-42365041 |access-date=2022-02-27}} The case was widely seen as Rosneft CEO Sechin’s revenge for Ulyukayev opposing Rosneft’s takeover of Bashneft, another oil company.{{Cite web |date=2017-12-15 |title=Ex-minister's harsh jail sentence sends shockwaves through Russian elite |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/15/russia-jails-former-economy-minister-alexei-ulyukayev-for-corruption |access-date=2022-02-27 |website=the Guardian |language=en}} The 61-year-old claimed that Sechin had lured him to Rosneft's offices, where he was subsequently caught red-handed by the authorities with a bag of bribe money.{{Cite web |last=Welle (www.dw.com) |first=Deutsche |title=Ex-Russian minister Ulyukayev faces bribery charges, pins blame on Rosneft head and Putin ally {{!}} DW {{!}} 16.08.2017 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/ex-russian-minister-ulyukayev-faces-bribery-charges-pins-blame-on-rosneft-head-and-putin-ally/a-40113616 |access-date=2022-02-27 |website=DW.COM |language=en-GB}} According to investigators, Ulyukayev, who was still economy minister at the time of his arrest, had taken the $2M bribe in exchange for permitting Rosneft's acquisition of a stake in Bashneft. Ulyukayev retorted that the "fabricated" accusations of bribery were "based solely on Sechin's claims," and that the whole exchange had been engineered by the Russian Federal Security Service, the successor of the KGB.

Ulyukayev was seen as an economic liberal, Igor Sechin is viewed as a hawk, who supports greater state control over the economy. Ulyukayev, while influential, was not part of President Putin's inner circle.

The Russian branch of Greenpeace called Rosneft the dirtiest oil company in the world. In 2011, according to a survey conducted by the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Nature Management (Rosprirodnadzor) in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Rosneft allowed 2,727 oil spills, which is 75% of the total number of spills that occurs under the company.{{Cite web |script-title=ru:Как самая грязная нефтяная компания России будет сохранять чистоту Арктики? |trans-title=How will Russia's dirtiest oil company keep the Arctic clean? |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/news/2012/November/27-11-12-Rosneft_Declaracia/ |access-date=21 March 2018 |website=Greenpeace Russia |language=ru-RU}} According to environmentalists, it is Rosneft's fault that more than 10,000 oil spills occur each year.{{cite web |script-title=ru:Белый медведь доплыл на льдине до Кремля |trans-title=A polar bear swam on an ice floe to the Kremlin |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/news/2013/01-04-2013_Arctic_Not_For_Sale/ |access-date=21 March 2018 |website=Greenpeace Russia |language=ru-RU}}{{Cite web |last=Welle (www.dw.com) |first=Deutsche |title=Why Russia has so many oil leaks {{!}} DW {{!}} 29.03.2021 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/russia-oil-spills-far-north/a-56916148 |access-date=2022-02-28 |website=DW.COM |language=en-GB}} The Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia has estimated that 4.5m tonnes of oil are spilled on the Russian mainland every year, that's seven times the BP Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.{{Cite web |date=2015-06-30 |title=Russia's Rosneft charged over pipeline leak that caused oil to come out of taps |url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/30/russias-rosneft-charged-over-pipeline-leak-that-caused-oil-to-come-out-of-taps |access-date=2022-02-28 |website=the Guardian |language=en}} Often blamed is Rosneft's ageing infrastructure, so is the lack of government oversight. As a result of the environmental contamination, people have observed black water coming out of their taps, cattle have been stricken with tuberculosis, and fish have been found deformed.

In the first half of the 2000s, Sergei Bogdanchikov, then president of Rosneft, along with some journalists and experts, criticized Yukos and Sibneft for their use of hydraulic fracturing.{{Cite web |url=http://www.vedomosti.ru/smartmoney/article/2007/08/13/3544 |title=Продано даже имя |trans-title=Even the name sold |date=13 August 2007 |first1=Oksana |last1=Shevelkova |first2=Yulia |last2=Govorun |work=Vedomosti |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104063443/http://www.vedomosti.ru/smartmoney/article/2007/08/13/3544 |archivedate=2011-11-04 |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}} However, in early November 2006, a number of journalists pointed out that the Priobskoye oil field of which it is owned by RN-Yuganskneftegaz, a subsidiary of Rosneft acquired from Yukos, produced the largest oil fracture in Russia with specialists of Newco Well Service. The operation was conducted for seven hours and was broadcast live via the Internet to the office of Yuganskneftegaz.{{cite news |url=http://www.nakanune.ru/news/2006/10/11/na_mestorozhdenii_rosnefti_v_jugre |script-title=ru:На месторождении "Роснефти" в Югре произведён крупнейший в России гидроразрыв пласта |trans-title=Russia's largest hydraulic fracturing was performed at the Rosneft field in Ugra |work=Nakanune |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}} In 2007, the company planned to perform hydraulic fracturing of the formation at 440 wells. From 2009 to 2010, Rosneft was one of the largest customers of the oilfield services company Schlumberger, which specializes in hydraulic fracturing.{{cite web |url=http://www.advis.ru/cgi-bin/new.pl?EC78609D-95B7-304E-999F-B3EAB7FAEBAB |script-title=ru:Выступление президента нефтесервисной компании "Шлюбмерже" в Ханты-Мансийске |trans-title=Speech by the President of Shlyubmerzhe Oilfield Services Company in Khanty-Mansiysk |website=Advis.ru |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}}

On 20 March 2014, the United States government sanctioned Rosneft CEO Igor Sechin in response to the Russian government's role in the unrest in Ukraine. The sanctions include a travel ban to the United States, freezing of all assets of Sechin in the United States and a ban on business transactions between American citizens and corporations and Sechin and businesses he owns.{{Cite web |title=Announcement Of Additional Treasury Sanctions On Russian Government Officials And Entities |url=http://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2369.aspx |publisher=US Department of the treasury}}{{Cite web |date=20 March 2014 |title=Executive Order - Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/03/20/executive-order-blocking-property-additional-persons-contributing-situat |publisher=The White House - Office of the Press Secretary}} On 24 February 2022, his son Ivan Sechin was also sanctioned by the U.S.{{Cite web |title=U.S. Treasury Announces Unprecedented & Expansive Sanctions Against Russia, Imposing Swift and Severe Economic Costs |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0608 |access-date=2022-02-27 |website=U.S. Department of the Treasury |language=en}} On 28 February 2022, Igor Sechin was subjected to travel restrictions and had his assets frozen by the EU.{{Cite web |title=EU Sanctions Map |url=https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/#/main/details/36/?search=%7B%22value%22:%22Igor%20Ivanovich%20%20SECHIN%22,%22searchType%22:%7B%22id%22:1,%22title%22:%22regimes,%20persons,%20entities%22%7D%7D |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=www.sanctionsmap.eu}}

Rosneft and many of its subsidiaries have been sanctioned in the past and appear on the Sectoral Sanctions Identification (SSI) List.{{Cite web |title=Russia Sanctions List |url=https://www.riskadvisory.com/sanctions/russia-sanctions-list/ |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=Risk Advisory |language=en}} Rosneft was added to the SSI on 16 July 2014,{{Cite web |title=Announcement of Treasury Sanctions on Entities Within the Financial Services and Energy Sectors of Russia, Against Arms or Related Materiel Entities, and those Undermining Ukraine's Sovereignty |url=https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2572.aspx |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=www.treasury.gov}} and was sanctioned by the EU on 8 September 2014.{{Cite web |title=EU Sanctions Map |url=https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/#/main/details/26/?search=%7B%22value%22:%22rosneft%22,%22searchType%22:%7B%22id%22:1,%22title%22:%22regimes,%20persons,%20entities%22%7D%7D |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=www.sanctionsmap.eu}}

On 18 February 2020, the US Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC") added Rosneft Trading S.A., a Swiss subsidiary of Rosneft, and its president Didier Casimiro to the Specially Designated Nationals (“SDN”) list.{{Cite web |title=Treasury Targets Russian Oil Brokerage Firm for Supporting Illegitimate Maduro Regime |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm909 |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=U.S. Department of the Treasury |language=en}}

As of 1 May 2014, the heads of Russian state corporations provided information about their incomes and property to the Russian government to correspond to the presidential decree Anti-Corruption Issues, which was published on 8 July 2013. According to the ruling, websites of the companies should show the personal information of their top managers such as income, property, spouses, and children. However, Rosneft refused to publish its information of top managers, citing that it is only applicable to "state companies (corporations) and other organizations created by federal laws," to which it does not believe itself to be. However, this did not prevent the company from providing information regarding the incomes and property of Rosneft's top managers and their relatives to "competent authorities" in the prescribed "time and amount". According to the director of the Russian branch of Transparency International, Elena Panfilova, improvement of such legislation is necessary so that state corporations can unequivocally interpret the norm on the publication of personal information. In July, the Russian government announced that information of the income of top management of companies listed in Government Decree No. 613 22 July 2013 which includes Rosneft, "are subject to placement in the information and telecommunications network 'Internet' on the official websites of these organizations."{{Cite news |url=https://republic.ru/fast/russia/pravitelstvo-podtverdilo-obyazannost-sechina-publikovat-deklaratsiyu-o-dokhodakh-1122343.xhtml |script-title=ru:Правительство подтвердило обязанность Сечина публиковать декларацию о доходах |trans-title=Government confirmed Sechin's obligation to publish income tax return |work=Slon |access-date=21 March 2018 |language=ru}}

{{Portal|Companies|Energy|Russia}}

• List of countries by oil exports
• List of countries by oil production
• List of countries by natural gas exports
• List of companies of Russia
• List of oil exploration and production companies
• Petroleum industry in Russia

{{clear}}

{{reflist|30em}}

• Stuart D. Goldman (2006) [https://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/66504.pdf CRS Report for Congress]
• Bernard A. Gelb (2006) [https://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/58988.pdf Russian Oil and Gas Challenges]
• Energy Information Administration (EIA). Russia Country Analysis Brief,
• TNK-BP. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928055955/http://www.tnk-bp.com/operations/exploration-production/projects/kovykta/ Kovykta Project] Viewed 28 December 2005
• Mevlut Katik (2003)[https://web.archive.org/web/20080904110801/http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/business/articles/eav060203a_pr.shtml Blue Stream's Pipeline's Future in Doubt Amid Russian Turkish Pricing Dispute]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080226101836/http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/food-stores/4483360-1.html Yukos Receives Bill for Nearly $1 billion in Back Taxes] October 2004
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013180005/http://gateway2russia.com/st/art_260797.php Gazprom to acquire Yuganskneftegaz buyer] December 2004
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20081003021840/http://www.rosneft.com/attach/0/10/74/RN-Magazine_5_eng.pdf Rosnef Magazine 2006]
• Shamil Yenikeyeff (2011) [http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/BP-Russian-billionaires-and-the-Kremlin.pdf "BP, Russian billionaires, and the Kremlin: a Power Triangle that never was"]

{{Commons category}}

• {{official website}} {{in lang|ru|en}}
• [http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Rosneft_Oil_%28RTD:ROSN%29 Rosneft Oil production, refining, reserves and capex by division, segment and period (Grmike, wikinvest)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001122737/http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Rosneft_Oil_%28RTD:ROSN%29 |date=1 October 2017 }}
• [http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/55/55399.html Yahoo!{{spaced ndash}} OAO Rosneft Oil Company Company Profile] {{lang in|en}}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724053054/http://russianoilcompanies.net/rosneft-oil-company/ Rosneft Oil analytics information] {{lang in|ru}}
• [http://russoscopie.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/2013-05-27_gazprom_rosneft_passerelles_v001.pdf Rosneft ecosystem in Russia (2013)]

{{Energy in Russia}}

{{Moscow Exchange Index}}

{{Petroleum industry}}

{{BP}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Russian companies established in 1993

Category:Companies based in Moscow

Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange

Category:Companies listed on the Moscow Exchange

Category:Companies in the MOEX

Category:Energy companies established in 1993

Category:Government-owned companies of Russia

Rus

Category:Natural gas companies of Russia

Category:Oil companies of Russia

Category:Russian brands

Category:Russian entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions

Category:Yukos