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1951–52 Indian general election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}

{{Infobox election

| country = India

| type = parliamentary

| previous_election = 1946 Indian Constituent Assembly election

| previous_year = 1946

| next_election = 1957 Indian general election

| next_year = 1957

| election_date = {{nowrap|25 October 1951 – 21 February 1952}}

| seats_for_election = 489 of the 499 seats in the Lok Sabha{{efn|Ten members were appointed, including six representing Jammu and Kashmir, two representing Anglo-Indians, one representing Part B tribal areas in Assam and one representing the Andaman and Nicobar Islands}}

| majority_seats = 245

| turnout =

| registered = 173,212,343

| image_size = 130x130px

| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Jnehru.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=5|oTop=0|Location=center}}

| leader1 = Jawaharlal Nehru

| party1 = Indian National Congress

| seats1 = 364

| popular_vote1 = 47,665,951

| percentage1 = 44.99%

| image2 = {{eppt|Communist Party of India|height=120|width=95}}

| leader2 = Ajoy Ghosh

| party2 = Communist Party of India

| seats2 = 16

| popular_vote2 = 3,487,401

| percentage2 = 3.29%

| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image = Acharya Narendra Deva.jpg|bSize =230|cWidth=95|cHeight=120|oTop=18|oLeft=55|Location=center}}

| leader4 = Narendra Deva

| party4 = Socialist Party (India)

| seats4 = 12

| popular_vote4 = 11,216,719

| percentage4 = 10.59%

| image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image = Acharya_Kripalani_1989_stamp_of_India_(cropped).jpg|bSize =100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oTop=0|oLeft=5|Location=center}}

| leader5 = J. B. Kripalani

| party5 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party

| seats5 = 9

| popular_vote5 = 6,135,978

| percentage5 = 5.79%

| map_image = Indian General Election 1951–1952.svg

| title = Prime Minister

| posttitle = Prime Minister after election

| before_election = Jawaharlal Nehru

| before_party = Indian National Congress

| after_election = Jawaharlal Nehru

| after_party = Indian National Congress

}}

General elections were held in India between 25 October 1951 and 21 February 1952, the first national elections after India attained independence in 1947.{{cite web|website=The Indian Express|title=How India pulled off its first general election|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/india-first-general-election-nehru-9265134/|accessdate=14 April 2024|date=12 April 2024|language=en}}{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections/articleshow/108550976.cms|title=Lok Sabha polls 2024 to have longest voting period since first general elections|date=16 March 2024|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=17 March 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317033515/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections/articleshow/108550976.cms|archive-date=17 March 2024}}{{cite web|title=Voting Period Of 2024 Lok Sabha Polls Longest Since First General Elections|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections-of-1951-52-5251674|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317033515/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/voting-period-of-2024-lok-sabha-polls-longest-since-first-general-elections-of-1951-52-5251674|archive-date=17 March 2024|access-date=17 March 2024}} Voters elected 489 members of the first Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. Elections to most of the state legislatures were held simultaneously.{{cite web|website=The Hindu|first1=|title=Elections that shaped India {{!}} The first general elections: a free country in full bloom|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/first-general-elections-of-india-the-free-country-in-full-bloom/article67702823.ece|accessdate=14 April 2024|date=28 March 2024|language=en-IN}}

The elections were conducted under the provisions of the constitution adopted on 26 November 1949. After the adoption of the constitution, the Constituent Assembly continued to act as the interim parliament, while an interim cabinet was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru. An Election Commission was created in 1949 and in March 1950 Sukumar Sen was appointed as the first Chief Election Commissioner. A month later parliament passed the Representation of the People Act which set out how the elections for parliament and state legislatures would be conducted.{{Cite book |last=Guha |first=Ramachandra |title=India after Gandhi: the history of the world's largest democracy |date=2022 |publisher=Picador India |isbn=978-93-82616-97-9 |edition=10th anniversary edition, updated and expanded, first published in hardcover |location=New Delhi}} The 489 elected seats of the Lok Sabha were allotted across 401 constituencies in 25 states. There were 314 constituencies electing one member using the first-past-the-post system. 86 constituencies elected two members, one from the general category and one from Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes. There was one constituency with three elected representatives.{{cite web|title=General Election of India 1951, List of Successful Candidate|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF|archive-date=8 October 2014|access-date=12 January 2010|publisher=Election Commission of India|page=6}} The multi-seat constituencies were created as reserved seats for backward sections of society, and were abolished in the 1960s. The constitution at this time also provided for two Anglo-Indian members to be nominated by the President of India.

A total of 1,949 candidates competed for 489 elected seats in the Lok Sabha. Each candidate was allotted a different coloured ballot box at the polling booth, on which the candidate's name and symbol were written. 16,500 clerks were appointed on a contract of six months to type and collate the electorate rolls and 380,000 reams of paper were used for printing the rolls.{{cite web|last=Pareek|first=Shabdita|date=2016-01-25|title=This Is How The First General Elections Were Held in Independent India|url=http://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Is-How-The-First-General-Elections-Were-Held-In-Independent-India/|access-date=2018-12-21|website=ScoopWhoop|archive-date=21 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221230604/https://www.scoopwhoop.com/This-Is-How-The-First-General-Elections-Were-Held-In-Independent-India/|url-status=live}} A total of 173,212,343 voters were registered (excluding Jammu and Kashmir) out of a population of 361,088,090 according to the 1951 census, making it the largest election conducted at the time. All Indian citizens over the age of 21 were eligible to vote.

Due to the harsh climate and challenging logistics, the election was held in 68 phases.{{cite web|date=2014-04-28|title=Interesting Facts About India's First General Elections|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/interesting-facts-about-indias-first-general-elections-144418.html|access-date=2018-12-21|website=indiatimes.com|archive-date=21 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221230737/https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/interesting-facts-about-indias-first-general-elections-144418.html|url-status=live}} A total of 196,084 polling booths were set up, of which 27,527 booths were reserved for women. The majority of voting took place in early 1952, but Himachal Pradesh voted in 1951 as its weather was commonly inclement in February and March, with heavy snow impending free movement.[http://www.deccanherald.com/content/289003/indias-first-voter-himachal-pradesh.html India's first voter in Himachal Pradesh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706100617/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/289003/indias-first-voter-himachal-pradesh.html |date=6 July 2017 }}, by Gautam Dhmeer, in the Deccan Herald; published 30 October 2012; retrieved 7 April 2014 The remainder of states voted in February–March 1952, except for Jammu & Kashmir, where no voting took place for Lok Sabha seats until 1967. The first votes of the election were cast in the tehsil (district) of Chini in Himachal Pradesh.{{cite book|author=Ramachandra Guha|title=India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy|year=2008|publisher=Harper Collins |isbn=978-0-06-095858-9}}

The result was a landslide victory for the Indian National Congress (INC), which received 45% of the vote and won 364 of the 489 elected seats. The second-placed Socialist Party received only 11% of the vote and won twelve seats. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first democratically elected Prime Minister of the country.

Contesting parties

A total of 53 parties and 533 independents contested the 489 seats.{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/general-elections-308073-2016-02-10 |title=First general elections in India: All you need to know |date=10 February 2016 |website=India Today |access-date=2018-12-21 |archive-date=21 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721131533/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/general-elections-308073-2016-02-10 |url-status=live }}

Several ministers resigned from their posts and formed their own parties to contest the elections. Syama Prasad Mukherjee established the Jana Sangh in October 1951 and Law Minister B. R. Ambedkar revived the Scheduled Castes Federation (which was later named the Republican Party). Congress party president Purushottam Das Tandon resigned from his post because of differences with Nehru.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xz_WCgAAQBAJ&pg=PR11 |title=Party Politics in India |first=Myron |last=Weiner |author-link=Myron Weiner |date=8 December 2015 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-7841-3 |pages=78–79 |access-date=5 August 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330152556/https://books.google.com/books?id=xz_WCgAAQBAJ&pg=PR11#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}Varshney, Ashutosh. 28 March 2015. "[http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/faults-and-lines/99/ Faults and lines] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031455/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/faults-and-lines/99/ |date=16 December 2018 }}." The Indian Express. Retrieved on 16 June 2020.

Results

{{Election results

|image=300px

|party1=Indian National Congress|votes1=47665951|seats1=364

|party2=Socialist Party|votes2=11216719|seats2=12

|party3=Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes3=6135978|seats3=9

|party4=Communist Party of India|votes4=3487401|seats4=16

|party5=Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes5=3246361|seats5=3

|party6=Scheduled Castes Federation|votes6=2521695|seats6=2

|party7=Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|votes7=2091898|seats7=3

|party8=Krishikar Lok Party|votes8=1489615|seats8=1

|party9=People's Democratic Front|votes9=1367404|seats9=7

|party10=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes10=1047611|seats10=4

|party11=Hindu Mahasabha|votes11=1003034|seats11=4

|party12=Peasants and Workers Party of India|votes12=992187|seats12=2

|party13=Forward Bloc (Marxist)|votes13=963058|seats13=1

|party14=All India Ganatantra Parishad|votes14=959749|seats14=6

|party15=Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|votes15=889292|seats15=4

|party16=Jharkhand Party|votes16=749702|seats16=3

|party17=Revolutionary Socialist Party|votes17=468108|seats17=3

|party18=Commonweal Party|votes18=325398|seats18=3

|party19=Lok Sewak Sangh|votes19=309940|seats19=2

|party20=Zamindar Party|votes20=291300|seats20=0

|party21=Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party|votes21=236094|seats21=1

|party22=Uttar Pradesh Praja Party|votes22=213656|seats22=0

|party23=S.K. Paksha|votes23=137343|seats23=0

|party24=All India Forward Bloc (Ruikar)|votes24=133936|seats24=0

|party25=Kamgar Kisan Paksha|votes25=132574|seats25=0

|party26=Tribal Sangha|votes26=116629|seats26=0

|party27=Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress|votes27=115893|seats27=1

|party28=Kerala Socialist Party|votes28=102098|seats28=0

|party29=Indian Union Muslim League|votes29=79470|seats29=1

|party30=Revolutionary Communist Party of India|votes30=67275|seats30=0

|party31=Justice Party|votes31=63254|seats31=0

|party32=All India United Kisan Sabha|votes32=60254|seats32=0

|party33=All India Republican Party (RPP)|votes33=57815|seats33=0

|party34=All India Republican Party (REP)|votes34=44286|seats34=0

|party35=All People's Party|votes35=36851|seats35=0

|party36=Tamil Nadu Congress Party|votes36=36158|seats36=0

|party37=Khasi-Jaintia Durbar|votes37=32987|seats37=0

|party38=Saurashtra Khedut Sangh|votes38=29766|seats38=0

|party39=Bolshevik Party of India|votes39=25792|seats39=0

|party40=All Manipur National Union|votes40=22083|seats40=0

|party41=Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party|votes41=20665|seats41=0

|party42=Hill People Party|votes42=17350|seats42=0

|party43=Praja Party|votes43=16955|seats43=0

|party44=Kuki National Association|votes44=12155|seats44=0

|party45=Punjab Depressed Class League|votes45=11789|seats45=0

|party46=Pursharathi Panchayat|votes46=10778|seats46=0

|party47=Cochin Party|votes47=8947|seats47=0

|party48=Kisan Mazdoor Mandal|votes48=8808|seats48=0

|party49=Hyderabad State Praja Party|votes49=7646|seats49=0

|party50=Gandhi Sebak Seva|votes50=7196|seats50=0

|party51=Kisan Janta Sanyukta Party|votes51=6390|seats51=0

|party52=National Party of India|votes52=3232|seats52=0

|party53=Historical Research|votes53=1468|seats53=0

|party54=Independents|votes54=16850089|seats54=37

|row55=Appointed members{{efn|Six representing Jammu and Kashmir, two representing Anglo-Indians, one representing Part B tribal areas in Assam and one representing the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.}}|seats55=10

|electorate=173212343

|turnout=

|source=[https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4111-general-election-1951-vol-i-ii/?do=download&r=9734&confirm=1&t=1&csrfKey=6df04992cf2c2fe96a9487465b425663 ECI]

}}{{notelist}}

=Results by state=

class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size: 0.9em;"

! rowspan="3" |State

! rowspan="3" |Total
seats

! colspan="13" |Seats won

class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |INC

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |CPI

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |SPI

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |KMPP

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |PDF

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |GP

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |BJS

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |RRP

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |SCF

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |KLP

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |Others

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |Ind.

! class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" |App.

style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|People's Democratic Front (Hyderabad)}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|All India Ganatantra Parishad}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Scheduled Castes Federation}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Krishikar Lok Party}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Others}};;" |

! style="background:{{party color|Independent}};;" |

!

style="text-align: left;" |Andaman and Nicobar Islands

!1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|1

style="text-align: left;" |Assam

!13

|11

|

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|1

style="text-align: left;" |Ajmer

!2

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Bhopal

!2

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Bihar

!55

|45

|

|3

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|6

|1

|

style="text-align: left;" |Bilaspur

!1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|1

|

style="text-align: left;" |Bombay

!45

|40

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|1

|

|1

|3

|

style="text-align: left;" |Coorg

!1

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Delhi

!4

|3

|

|

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Himachal Pradesh

!3

|3

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Hyderabad

!25

|14

|

|1

|

|7

|

|

|

|1

|

|1

|1

|

style="text-align: left;" |Jammu and Kashmir

!6

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|6

style="text-align: left;" |Kutch

!2

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Madhya Bharat

!11

|9

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Madhya Pradesh

!29

|27

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

|

style="text-align: left;" |Madras

!75

|35

|8

|2

|6

|

|

|

|

|

|

|9

|15

|

style="text-align: left;" |Manipur

!2

|1

|

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Mysore

!11

|10

|

|

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Orissa

!20

|11

|1

|1

|

|

|6

|

|

|

|

|

|1

|

style="text-align: left;" |PEPSU

!5

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

|1

|

style="text-align: left;" |Punjab

!18

|16

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Rajasthan

!20

|9

|

|

|

|

|

|1

|3

|

|1

|

|6

|

style="text-align: left;" |Saurashtra

!6

|6

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Travancore–Cochin

!12

|6

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

|4

|

style="text-align: left;" |Tripura

!2

|

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Uttar Pradesh

!86

|81

|

|2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|1

|2

|

style="text-align: left;" |Vindhya Pradesh

!6

|4

|

|1

|1

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |West Bengal

!34

|21

|5

|

|

|

|

|2

|

|

|

|3

|

|

style="text-align: left;" |Anglo-Indians

!2

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|2

style="text-align: left;" |Total

!499

!364

!16

!12

!9

!7

!6

!3

!3

!2

!1

!29

!37

!10

colspan="15" |
colspan="15" |Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20140404203355/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF ECI]

==Assam==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1=1210707|seats1 = 11

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 506943|seats2 = 1

|party3 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes3 = 265687|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Independents|votes4 = 363670|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Other parties|votes5 = 300120|seats5 = 0

|}}

==Bihar==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1=4573058|seats1=45

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 2126066|seats2 = 3

|party3 = Jharkhand Party|votes3 = 749702|seats3 = 3

|party4 = Lok Sewak Sangh|votes4 = 309940|seats4 = 2

|party5 = Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party|votes5 = 236094|seats5 = 1

|party6 = Independents|votes6 = 1306660|seats6 = 1

|party7 = Other parties|votes7 = 690931|seats7 = 0

|}}

==Bombay==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 5781277|seats1 = 40

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 1380484|seats2 = 3

|party3 = Peasants and Workers Party of India|votes3 = 807019|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Scheduled Caste Federation|votes4 = 511028|seats4 = 1

|party5 = Socialist Party|votes5 = 1682494|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes6 = 639788|seats6 = 0

|party7 = Other parties|votes7 = 726200 |seats7 = 0

|}}

==Madhya Pradesh==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 3713537|seats1 = 27

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 858407|seats2 = 2

|party3 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes3 = 451749|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|votes4 = 396661|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Socialist Party|votes5 = 877392|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 894845 |seats6 = 0

|}}

==Madras==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 7253452|seats1 = 35

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 4614210|seats2 = 15

|party3 = Communist Party of India|votes3 = 1783407|seats3 = 8

|party4 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes4 = 1952197|seats4 = 6

|party5 = Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|votes5 = 889292|seats5 = 4

|party6 = Commonweal Party|votes6 = 325398|seats6 = 3

|party7 = Socialist Party|votes7 = 1055423|seats7 = 2

|party8 = Forward Bloc (Marxist Group)|votes8 = 332196|seats8 = 1

|party9 = Indian Union Muslim League|votes9 = 79470|seats9 = 1

|party10 = Other parties|votes10 = 1649116|seats10 = 0

}}

==Orissa==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 1555787|seats1 = 11

|party2 = All India Ganatantra Parishad|votes2 = 959749|seats2 = 6

|party3 = Socialist Party|votes3 = 563462|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Communist Party of India|votes4 = 211303|seats4 = 1

|party5 = Independents|votes5 = 316538|seats5 = 1

|party6 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes6 = 52654|seats6 = 0

}}

==Punjab==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 2134586|seats1 = 16

|party2 = Shiromani Akali Dal|votes2 = 569973|seats2 = 2

|party3 = Zamindar Party|votes3 = 291300|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes4 = 279639|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Communist Party of India|votes5 = 251623|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Independents|votes6 = 930383|seats6 = 0

|party7 = Other parties|votes7 = 534834|seats7 = 0

}}

==Uttar Pradesh==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 9047392|seats1 = 81

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 2208678|seats2 = 2

|party3 = Independents|votes3 = 1936383|seats3 = 2

|party4 = Hindu Mahasabha|votes4 = 325601|seats4 = 1

|party5 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes5 = 1244099|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 2312822|seats6 = 0

}}

==West Bengal==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 3205162|seats1 = 24

|party2 = Communist Party of India|votes2 = 720304|seats2 = 5

|party3 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes3 = 452279|seats3 = 2

|party4 = Revolutionary Socialist Party|votes4 = 183005|seats4 = 2

|party5 = Hindu Mahasabha|votes5 = 324870|seats5 = 1

|party6 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes6 = 679149|seats6 = 0

|party7 = Independents|votes7 = 1405747|seats7 = 0

|party8 = Other parties|votes8 = 643417|seats8 = 0

}}

==Hyderabad==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 1945798|seats1 = 14

|party2 = People's Democratic Front|votes2 = 1367404|seats2 = 7

|party3 = Socialist Party|votes3 = 651316|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Scheduled Caste Federation|votes4 = 308591|seats4 = 1

|party5 = Peasants and Workers Party of India|votes5 = 185168|seats5 = 1

|party6 = Independents|votes6 = 388939|seats6 = 1

|party7 = Hyderabad State Praja Party|votes7 = 7646|seats7 = 0

}}

==Madhya Bharat==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 992159|seats1 = 9

|party2 = Hindu Mahasabha|votes2 = 122213|seats2 = 2

|party3 = Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|votes3 = 278475|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Socialist Party|votes4 = 268399|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes5 = 188569|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 103756|seats6 = 0

}}

==Mysore==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 1509075|seats1 = 10

|party2 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes2 = 650658|seats2 = 1

|party3 = Socialist Party|votes3 = 181430|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Independents|votes4 = 292472|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Other parties|votes5 = 190792|seats5 = 0

}}

==Patiala and East Punjab States Union==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 492408|seats1 = 2

|party2 = Shiromani Akali Dal|votes2 = 477638|seats2 = 2

|party3 = Independents|votes3 = 311635|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Other parties|votes4 = 193431|seats4 = 0

}}

==Rajasthan==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 1460971|seats1 = 9

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 1028388|seats2 = 6

|party3 = Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|votes3 = 331760|seats3 = 3

|party4 = Krishikar Lok Party|votes4 = 356630|seats4 = 1

|party5 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes5 = 107089|seats5 = 1

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 242119|seats6 = 0

}}

==Saurashtra==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 506112|seats1 = 6

|party2 = Hindu Mahasabha|votes2 = 99311|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Independents|votes3 = 58343|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Other parties|votes4 = 98939|seats4 = 0

}}

==Travancore Cochin==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 1224533|seats1 = 6

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 1265051|seats2 = 4

|party3 = Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress|votes3 = 115893|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Socialist Party|votes4 = 459669|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Revolutionary Socialist Party|votes5 = 220312|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 205018|seats6 = 0

}}

==Ajmer==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 89761|seats1 = 2

|party2 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes2 = 28990|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Communist Party of India|votes3 = 25128|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|votes4 = 13624|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Pursharathi Panchayat|votes5 = 10778|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Independents|votes6 = 10718|seats6 = 0

}}

==Bhopal==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 97292|seats1 = 2

|party2 = Hindu Mahasabha|votes2 = 34712|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Kisan Mazdoor Mandal|votes3 = 8808|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Socialist Party|votes4 = 3329|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Independents|votes5 = 25316|seats6 = 0

}}

==Bislaspur==

{{Election results

|party1 = Independents|votes1 = |seats1 = 1

}}

Bilaspur constituency was uncontested

==Coorg==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 38063|seats1 = 1

|party2 = Independents|votes2 = 25750|seats2 = 0

}}

==Delhi==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 324214|seats1 = 3

|party2 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes2 = 47735|seats2 = 1

|party3 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes3 = 169997|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Independents|votes4 = 83045|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Other parties|votes5 = 30909|seats5 = 0

}}

==Himachal Pradesh==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 117036|seats1 = 3

|party2 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes2 = 27368|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes3 = 23918|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Scheduled Caste Federation|votes4 = 18988|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Socialist Party|votes5 = 16780|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Independents|votes6 = 19099|seats6 = 0

}}

==Kutch==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 78771|seats1 = 2

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 5985|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Independents|votes3 = 34824|seats3 = 0

}}

==Manipur==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 36317|seats1 = 1

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 29372|seats2 = 1

|party3 = All Manipur National Union|votes3 = 22083|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Praja Party|votes4 = 16955|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Communist Party of India|votes5 = 13184|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Kuki National Association|votes6 = 12155|seats6 = 0

|party7 = Independents|votes7 = 13737|seats7 = 0

|party8 = Other parties|votes8 = 8664|seats8 = 0

}}

==Tripura==

{{Election results

|party1 = Communist Party of India|votes1 = 96458|seats1 = 2

|party2 = Indian National Congress|votes2 = 40263|seats2 = 0

|party3 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes3 = 9663|seats3 = 0

|party4 = Independents|votes4 = 10987|seats4 = 0

}}

==Vindhya Pradesh==

{{Election results

|party1 = Indian National Congress|votes1 = 238220|seats1 = 4

|party2 = Socialist Party|votes2 = 125480|seats2 = 1

|party3 = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|votes3 = 106071|seats3 = 1

|party4 = Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes4 = 89701|seats4 = 0

|party5 = Independents|votes5 = 94911|seats5 = 0

|party6 = Other parties|votes6 = 51455|seats6 = 0

}}

Government formation

The speaker of the first Lok Sabha was Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar. The first Lok Sabha also witnessed 677 sittings (3,784 hours), the highest recorded count of the number of sitting hours. The Lok Sabha lasted its full term from 17 April 1952 until 4 April 1957.

Notable losses

First Law Minister B. R. Ambedkar was defeated in the Bombay (North Central){{Cite web |url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/general-elections-2014/election-anecdote-when-br-ambedkar-lost-in-first-lok-sabha-polls_929706.html |title=(reserved seat) |date=4 May 2014 |access-date=26 January 2016 |archive-date=16 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216062618/http://zeenews.india.com/news/general-elections-2014/election-anecdote-when-br-ambedkar-lost-in-first-lok-sabha-polls_929706.html |url-status=live }} constituency as Scheduled Castes Federation candidate by his little-known former assistant and Congress Candidate Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar, who polled 138,137 votes compared to Ambedkar's 123,576 votes.{{rp|156}} Ambedkar then entered the parliament as a Rajya Sabha member. He contested a by-poll from Bhandara in 1954 in another attempt to enter the Lok Sabha, but again lost to Borkar of Congress.

Acharya Kripalani lost from Faizabad in Uttar Pradesh as a KMPP candidate, but his wife Sucheta Kripalani defeated the Congress candidate Manmohini Sahgal in Delhi.{{cite book |author=David Gilmartin |editor=Anastasia Pivliavsky |title=Patronage as Politics in South Asia |chapter=Chapter 5: The paradox of patronage and the people's sovereignty |pages=151–152 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-107-05608-4}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Further reading

  • Guha, Ramachandra. "Democracy's Biggest Gamble", World Policy Journal, (Spring 2002) 19#1 pp. 95–103

{{Indian elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1951-52 Indian general election}}

India

Category:General elections in India