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1979 Spanish general election#Senate

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1979 Spanish general election

| country = Spain

| flag_year = 1977

| type = parliamentary

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 1977 Spanish general election

| previous_year = 1977

| next_election = 1982 Spanish general election

| next_year = 1982

| outgoing_members =

| elected_members =

| seats_for_election = All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies and all 208 seats in the Senate
176 seats needed for a majority in the Congress of Deputies

| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 1979 Spanish general election

| registered = 26,836,490 File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg13.8%

| turnout = 18,259,192 (68.0%)
File:Red Arrow Down.svg10.8 pp

| election_date = 1 March 1979

| image1 = 170x170px

| leader1 = Adolfo Suárez

| party1 = Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)

| leader_since1 = 3 May 1977

| leaders_seat1 = Madrid

| last_election1 = 165 seats, 34.4%

| seats1 = 168

| seat_change1 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg3

| popular_vote1 = 6,268,593

| percentage1 = 34.8%

| swing1 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg0.4 pp

| image2 = 170x170px

| leader2 = Felipe González

| party2 = Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

| leader_since2 = 13 October 1974

| leaders_seat2 = Madrid

| last_election2 = 124 seats, 33.8%{{efn|name="PSOE+PSP"|Results for PSOE (29.3%, 118 deputies) and PSP–US (4.5%, 6 deputies) in the 1977 Congress election.}}

| seats2 = 121

| seat_change2 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg3

| popular_vote2 = 5,469,813

| percentage2 = 30.4%

| swing2 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg3.4 pp

| image3 = 170x170px

| leader3 = Santiago Carrillo

| party3 = Communist Party of Spain

| leader_since3 = 3 July 1960

| leaders_seat3 = Madrid

| last_election3 = 20 seats, 9.3%

| seats3 = 23

| seat_change3 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg3

| popular_vote3 = 1,938,487

| percentage3 = 10.8%

| swing3 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg1.5 pp

| image4 = 170x170px

| leader4 = Manuel Fraga

| party4 = Democratic Coalition (Spain)

| leader_since4 = 9 October 1976

| leaders_seat4 = Madrid

| last_election4 = 16 seats, 8.4%{{efn|name="AP+DIV"|Results for AP (8.3%, 16 deputies) and DIV (0.1%, 0 deputies) in the 1977 Congress election.}}

| seats4 = 9

| seat_change4 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg7

| popular_vote4 = 1,094,438

| percentage4 = 6.1%

| swing4 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg2.3 pp

| image5 = 170x170px

| leader5 = Jordi Pujol

| party5 = Convergence and Union

| leader_since5 = 17 November 1974

| leaders_seat5 = Barcelona

| last_election5 = 13 seats, 3.8%{{efn|name="PDC+UCiDCC"|Results for PDC (2.8%, 11 deputies) and UCiDCC (0.9%, 2 deputies) in the 1977 Congress election.}}

| seats5 = 8

| seat_change5 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg5

| popular_vote5 = 483,353

| percentage5 = 2.7%

| swing5 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg1.1 pp

| image6 = 170x170px

| leader6 = Xabier Arzalluz

| party6 = Basque Nationalist Party

| leader_since6 = 1977

| leaders_seat6 = Guipúzcoa

| last_election6 = 8 seats, 1.6%

| seats6 = 7

| seat_change6 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg1

| popular_vote6 = 296,597

| percentage6 = 1.6%

| swing6 = File:Arrow Blue Right 001.svg0.0 pp

| map = {{Switcher

| File:1979 Spanish election - Results.svg

| Vote winner strength by constituency (Congress)

| File:1979 Spanish election - AC results.svg

| Vote winner strength by autonomous community (Congress){{efn|name="AC"|This territorial division is based on the autonomic system established under the Spanish Constitution of 1978, as opposed to the regional division established in 1833. Most autonomous communities would be constituted by the time of the 1982 election, with the rest being established in early 1983. The autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla would not be constituted as independent administrative entities until 1995.}}

| File:1979 Spanish general election map.svg

| Election results by constituency (Congress)

}}

| title = Prime Minister

| posttitle = Prime Minister after election

| before_election = Adolfo Suárez

| before_party = Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)

| after_election = Adolfo Suárez

| after_party = Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)

}}

A general election was held in Spain on Thursday, 1 March 1979, to elect the members of the 1st {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}}. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as all 208 seats in the Senate. This was the first election held under the Spanish Constitution of 1978, which had been approved in a referendum on 6 December and which had lowered the voting age from 21 to 18, resulting in an increase of the electoral roll by three million people.

The Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) remained the largest party, winning 168 of the 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies and 119 of the 208 seats in the Senate. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), which had merged with the People's Socialist Party (PSP) and was widely expected to make large gains—with some opinion polls predicting a narrow win—fell short of expectations and lost ground when compared to the combined totals for the PSOE–PSP alliance in the 1977 election. The Communist Party of Spain (PCE) obtained the best result in its history, whereas Manuel Fraga's Democratic Coalition (CD)—an electoral bloc formed by the People's Alliance (AP), the Liberal Citizens Action (ACL) and the Progressive Democratic Party (PDP)—lost nearly half of its seats. The election would also see the best showing of the far-right in Spain until the April 2019 election, as Blas Piñar-led National Union (UN) would secure one seat with 2.1% of the vote share.

As a result of the election, Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez went on to form a minority government, depending on support from the CD and other minor parties such as the Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA), the Regionalist Aragonese Party (PAR) and the Navarrese People's Union (UPN).

Overview

=Electoral system=

The Spanish {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} were envisaged as an imperfect bicameral system. The Congress of Deputies had greater legislative power than the Senate, having the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a prime minister and to override Senate vetoes by an absolute majority of votes. Nonetheless, the Senate possessed a few exclusive (yet limited in number) functions—such as its role in constitutional amendment—which were not subject to the Congress' override.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 66}}.{{cite web |url=https://app.congreso.es/consti/constitucion/indice/sinopsis/sinopsis.jsp?art=66&tipo=2 |title=Sinopsis artículo 66 |language=es |publisher=Congress of Deputies |access-date=12 September 2020 |postscript=,}} summarizing {{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 66}}. Voting for the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 68}}.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. I, art. 2}}.{{sfn|Carreras de Odriozola|Tafunell Sambola|2005|p=1077}}

For the Congress of Deputies, 348 seats were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Spain. Each constituency was entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 fixed among the constituencies in proportion to their populations, at a rate of approximately one seat per each 144,500 inhabitants or fraction greater than 70,000. Ceuta and Melilla were allocated the two remaining seats, which were elected using plurality voting.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. II, ch. II, art. 19–20}}. The use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Michael |date=30 July 2012 |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php |title=Effective threshold in electoral systems |publisher=Trinity College, Dublin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730092518/http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php |access-date=22 July 2017 |archive-date=30 July 2017}}

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled to the following seats:{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. II, ch. II, art. 19}}.{{cite journal |journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado |issue=1 |date=1 January 1979 |page=3 |issn=0212-033X |title=Real Decreto 3073/1978, de 29 de diciembre, de disolución del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado y de convocatoria de elecciones generales |url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1979/01/01/pdfs/A00003-00003.pdf |language=es}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
width="50"| Seats

! width="600"| Constituencies

align="center"| 33

| Barcelona

align="center"| 32

| Madrid

align="center"| 15

| Valencia

align="center"| 12

| Seville

align="center"| 10

| Biscay, Oviedo

align="center"| 9

| Alicante, La Coruña

align="center"| 8

| Cádiz, Málaga, Murcia, Pontevedra, Zaragoza

align="center"| 7

| Badajoz, Córdoba, Granada, Guipúzcoa, Jaén, Santa Cruz de Tenerife

align="center"| 6

| Balearics, Las Palmas, León

align="center"| 5

| Almería, Cáceres, Castellón, Ciudad Real, Gerona, Huelva, Lugo, Navarre, Orense, Santander, Tarragona, Toledo, Valladolid

align="center"| 4

| Álava, Albacete, Burgos, Cuenca, Lérida, Logroño, Salamanca, Zamora

align="center"| 3

| Ávila, Guadalajara, Huesca, Palencia, Segovia, Soria, Teruel

For the Senate, 208 seats were elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors could vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces was allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts were the islands themselves, with the larger—Majorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera, El Hierro, Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elected two seats each. Additionally, autonomous communities could appoint at least one senator each and were entitled to one additional senator per each million inhabitants.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 69}}.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21}}.

The law provided for by-elections to fill Congress seats only when the results in a particular constituency were annulled by a final court's decision deriving from the election's legal challenge procedures; additionally for the Senate, by-elections were required to fill any seat vacated up to two years into the legislature's term.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. III, art. 29}}.

=Election date=

The term of the Cortes elected in the 1977 election was not to be continued beyond 15 June 1981 in the event they were not dissolved earlier.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=trans. prov. 8}}. An election was required to be held within from 30 to 60 days after the date of expiry of the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}}, setting the latest possible election date for the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} on Friday, 14 August 1981.

The prime minister had the prerogative to propose the monarch to dissolve both chambers at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process, no state of emergency was in force and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since the previous one.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. IV, art. 115–116}}. Additionally, both chambers were to be dissolved, and a new election called, if an investiture process failed to elect a prime minister within a two-month period from the first ballot.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. IV, art. 99}}. Barred this exception, there was no constitutional requirement for simultaneous elections to the Congress and the Senate. Still, as of {{Currentyear}}, there has been no precedent of separate elections taking place under the 1978 Constitution.

The Spanish Cortes were officially dissolved on 1 January 1979 after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official State Gazette (BOE), setting the election date for 1 March and scheduling for both chambers to reconvene on 23 March (for the Congress) and 27 March (for the Senate).

Parties and candidates

=Eligibility=

Spanish citizens of age and with the legal capacity to vote could run for election. Causes of ineligibility were imposed on the president and members of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, the Council of State and the Court of Auditors; the Ombudsman; high-ranking members—undersecretaries, secretaries-general, directors-general and chiefs of staff—of the General State Administration, government delegations, the Social Security and other government agencies; judges and public prosecutors in active service; Armed Forces and police corps personnel in active service; members of electoral commissions; and the chairs of national trade unions; as well as a number of territorial-level officers in the aforementioned government bodies and institutions being barred from running, during their tenure of office, in constituencies within the whole or part of their respective area of jurisdiction.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 70}}.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. I, art. 4}}. Disqualification provisions for the Cortes Generales extended to the impossibility of being simultaneously a member of both the Congress and Senate.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 67}}.

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within fifteen days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one permille—and, in any case, 500 signatures—of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34}}.

=Main candidacies=

Below is a list of the main parties and coalitions which contested the election:

class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.35em; text-align:left;"
colspan="2" rowspan="3"| Candidacy

! rowspan="3"| Parties and
alliances

! colspan="2" rowspan="3"| Leading candidate

! rowspan="3"| Ideology

! colspan="4"| Previous result

! rowspan="3"| {{abbr|Gov.|Government}}

! rowspan="3"| {{abbr|Ref.|References}}

colspan="2"| Congress

! colspan="2"| Senate

Vote %

! Seats

! Vote %

! Seats

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}"|

| align="center"| UCD

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)

}}

| 50px

| Adolfo Suárez

| Centrism

| align="center"| 34.4%

| {{big|165}}

| align="center"| 29.9%

| {{big|106}}

| {{ya}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="center"| PSOE

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)

| Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)

}}

| 50px

| Felipe González

| Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Marxism

| align="center"|
33.8%
{{efn|name="PSOE+PSP"}}

| {{big|124}}

| align="center"|
29.7%
{{efn|Results for PSOE (11.0%, 35 senators), SD (10.5%, 16 senators), PSP–US (5.1%, 2 senators) and PSI (3.1%, 8 senators) in the 1977 Senate election.}}

| {{big|61}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}"|

| align="center"| PCE

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Communist Party of Spain (PCE)

| Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC)

}}

| 50px

| Santiago Carrillo

| Eurocommunism

| align="center"| 9.3%

| {{big|20}}

| align="center"| 2.0%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}"|

| align="center"| CD

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| People's Alliance (AP)

| Liberal Citizens Action (ACL)

| Progressive Democratic Party (PDP)

----

| Foral Union of the Basque Country (UFPV)
{{smaller|– People's Alliance (AP)
– Basque Independent Democrats (DIV)}}

}}

| 50px

| Manuel Fraga

| Conservatism

| align="center"|
8.4%
{{efn|name="AP+DIV"}}

| {{big|16}}

| align="center"|
9.2%
{{efn|Results for AP (9.2%, 2 senators) and DIV (0.0%, 0 senators) in the 1977 Senate election.}}

| {{big|2}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="center"| CiU

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC)

| Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC)

}}

| 50px

| Jordi Pujol

| Catalan nationalism
Centrism

| align="center"|
3.8%
{{efn|name="PDC+UCiDCC"}}

| {{big|13}}

| align="center"|
2.6%
{{efn|Results for DiC in the 1977 Senate election.}}

| {{big|2}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="center"| EAJ/PNV

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

}}

| 50px

| Xabier Arzalluz

| Basque nationalism
Christian democracy

| align="center"| 1.6%

| {{big|8}}

| align="center"|
3.3%
{{efn|Results for FA in the 1977 Senate election.}}

| {{big|10}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| align="center"| ERC–FNC

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)

| National Front of Catalonia (FNC)

| Social Democratic Party of Catalonia (PSDC)

}}

| 50px

| Heribert Barrera

| Catalan nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Social democracy

| align="center"|
0.8%
{{efn|Results for EC–FED in the 1977 election.}}

| {{big|1}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}{{efn|name="Nova"|PSC–PSOE (7 senators) and ERC (1 senator), which contested the 1977 Senate election within the Entesa alliance, joined the Nova Entesa alliance ahead of the 1979 Senate election.}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}"|

| align="center"| EE

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Country Left–Left for Socialism (EE)

}}

| 50px

| Juan María Bandrés

| Basque nationalism
Socialism

| align="center"| 0.3%

| {{big|1}}

| align="center"| 0.2%

| {{big|1}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Aragonese Party}}"|

| align="center"| PAR

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Regionalist Aragonese Party (PAR)

}}

| 50px

| Hipólito Gómez de las Roces

| Regionalism
Conservatism

| align="center"|
0.2%
{{efn|name="CAIC"|Results for CAIC in the 1977 election.}}

| {{big|1}}

| align="center"|
0.6%
{{efn|name="CAIC"}}

| {{big|1}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}"|

| align="center"| UN

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| New Force (FN)

| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)

| José Antonio Circles (CJA)

| National Confederation of Veterans (CNE)

| Traditionalist Youth Group (AJT)

}}

| 50px

| Blas Piñar

| Ultranationalism
National catholicism
Francoism

| align="center"|
0.6%
{{efn|Results for AN18 (0.5%, 0 deputies) and CJA (0.0%, 0 deputies) in the 1977 Congress election.}}

| {{big|0}}

| align="center"|
1.1%
{{efn|Results for AN18 (0.9%, 0 senators) and CJA (0.1%, 0 senators) in the 1977 Senate election.}}

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}"|

| align="center"| HB

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Socialist Party (ESB/PSV)

| Revolutionary Patriotic Workers' Party (LAIA)

| People's Socialist Revolutionary Party (HASI)

| Basque Nationalist Action (EAE/ANV)

| Patriotic Socialist Committees (ASK)

}}

| 50px

| Francisco Letamendia

| Basque independence
Abertzale left
Revolutionary socialism

| align="center"|
0.2%
{{efn|Results for ESB/PSV (0.2%, 0 deputies) and EAE/ANV (0.0%, 0 deputies) in the 1977 election.}}

| {{big|0}}

| align="center"|
0.2%
{{efn|Results for ESB/PSV (0.1%, 0 senators) and EAE/ANV (0.1%, 0 senators) in the 1977 election.}}

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Agreement}}"|

| align="center"| PSC–ERC

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)

| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)

}}

| 50px

| Josep Andreu

| Catalanism
Social democracy

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| align="center"| {{efn|name="Nova"}}

| {{big|8}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For the Agreement}}"|

| align="center"| PSUC–PTC

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC)

| Party of Labour of Catalonia (PTC)

}}

| 50px

| Josep Benet

| Communism
Marxism-Leninism
Republicanism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| align="center"| {{efn|PSUC (4 senators), which contested the 1977 Senate election within the Entesa alliance, joined the Per l'Entesa alliance ahead of the 1979 Senate election.}}

| {{big|4}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Democratic Candidacy}}"|

| align="center"| CDG

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Galician Democratic Candidacy (CDG)

}}

| 50px

| Valentín Paz Andrade

| Galicianism
Progressivism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| align="center"| 1.2%

| {{big|3}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Majorera Assembly}}"|

| align="center"| AM

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Majorera Assembly (AM)

}}

| 50px

| Miguel Cabrera

| Insularism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| align="center"| 0.0%

| {{big|1}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andalusian Party}}"|

| align="center"| PSA–PA

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA)

}}

| 50px

| Alejandro Rojas-Marcos

| Andalusian nationalism
Social democracy

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian People's Union}}"|

| align="center"| UPC

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| United Canarian People (PCU)
{{smaller|– Communist Party of the Canary Islands (provisional) (PCC(p))
– Communist Cells (CC)}}

| Party of Communist Unification in the Canaries (PUCC)

| Socialist Party of the Canary Islands (PSC)

}}

| 50px

| Fernando Sagaseta

| Canarian nationalism
Socialism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}"|

| align="center"| UPN

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Navarrese People's Union (UPN)

}}

| 50px

| Jesús Aizpún

| Navarrese regionalism
Conservatism
Christian democracy

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| {{na}}

|

Opinion polls

{{Main|Opinion polling for the 1979 Spanish general election}}

Results

=Congress of Deputies=

{{For|results by autonomous community/constituency|Results breakdown of the 1979 Spanish general election (Congress)}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"

|+ ← Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results →

colspan="7"| File:SpainCongressDiagram1979.svg
style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="525"| Parties and alliances

! colspan="3"| Popular vote

! colspan="2"| Seats

width="75"| Votes

! width="45"| %

! width="45"| ±pp

! width="35"| Total

! width="35"| +/−

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)

| 6,268,593

34.84style="color:green;"| +0.40

| 168

style="color:green;"| +3
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1

| 5,469,813

30.40style="color:red;"| –3.44

| 121

style="color:red;"| –3
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Party of Spain (PCE)

| 1,938,487

10.77style="color:green;"| +1.44

| 23

style="color:green;"| +3
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Democratic Coalition (CD)

| 1,094,438

6.08style="color:red;"| –2.33

| 9

style="color:red;"| –7
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Democratic Coalition (CD)2

| 1,060,330

5.89style="color:red;"| –2.05

| 9

style="color:red;"| –6
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Foral Union of the Basque Country (UFPV)3

| 34,108

0.19style="color:red;"| –0.29

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="left"| Convergence and Union (CiU)4

| 483,353

2.69style="color:red;"| –1.06

| 8

style="color:red;"| –5
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Union (UN)5

| 378,964

2.11style="color:green;"| +1.54

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andalusian Party}}"|

| align="left"| Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA)

| 325,842

1.81New

| 5

style="color:green;"| +5
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

| 296,597

1.65style="color:green;"| +0.03

| 7

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of Labour of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)6

| 192,798

1.07style="color:green;"| +0.40

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}"|

| align="left"| Popular Unity (HB)7

| 172,110

0.96style="color:green;"| +0.72

| 3

style="color:green;"| +3
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers' Revolutionary Organization (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)

| 138,487

0.77style="color:green;"| +0.22

| 0

±0
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)8

| 127,517

0.71style="color:green;"| +0.29

| 0

±0
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Navarrese Left Union (UNAI)

| 10,970

0.06style="color:red;"| –0.07

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Action Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)9

| 133,869

0.74style="color:green;"| +0.05

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left of Catalonia–National Front of Catalonia (ERC–FNC)10

| 123,452

0.69style="color:red;"| –0.10

| 1

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Country Left (EE)

| 85,677

0.48style="color:green;"| +0.14

| 1

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Movement (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC)

| 84,856

0.47style="color:green;"| +0.28

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician National-Popular Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Galician National-Popular Bloc (BNPG)

| 60,889

0.34style="color:green;"| +0.22

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian People's Union (UPC)

| 58,953

0.33New

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Left Bloc for National Liberation}}"|

| align="left"| Left Bloc for National Liberation (BEAN)

| 56,582

0.31New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Unity (PG–POG–PSG)11

| 55,555

0.31style="color:green;"| +0.16

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left (Spain, 1977)}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left (IR)

| 55,384

0.31New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Party (1970)}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Party (PC)

| 50,552

0.28style="color:green;"| +0.23

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag)}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Organization–Communist Unification (OCEBR–UCE)

| 47,937

0.27New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers' Communist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Workers' Communist Party (PCT)

| 47,896

0.27New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Aragonese Party}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Aragonese Party (PAR)12

| 38,042

0.21style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 1

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Revolutionary Communist League (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Revolutionary Communist League (LCR)13

| 36,662

0.20style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española de las JONS (Auténtica)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A))

| 30,252

0.17style="color:red;"| –0.08

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Navarrese People's Union (UPN)

| 28,248

0.16New

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of Aragon}}"|

| align="left"| Coalition for Aragon (PSAr–PSDA)

| 19,220

0.11New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nationalist Party of Castile and León}}"|

| align="left"| Nationalist Party of Castile and León (PANCAL)

| 16,016

0.09New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Party (Spain, 1976)}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Party (PL)

| 15,774

0.09New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Regional Union}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Regional Union (URV)

| 15,694

0.09New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country}}"|

| align="left"| Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV)

| 13,828

0.08New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Ruralist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE)

| 10,324

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of the Canarian Country}}"|

| align="left"| Party of the Canarian Country (PPC)

| 10,099

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the Islands}}"|

| align="left"| Socialists of Majorca and Menorca (SMiM)

| 10,022

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Syndicalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Syndicalist Party (PSIN)

| 9,777

0.05New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE)

| 7,126

0.04New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Estat Català}}"|

| align="left"| Catalan State (EC)

| 6,328

0.04New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Cantonal Party}}"|

| align="left"| Cantonal Party (PCAN)

| 6,290

0.03New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Independent Candidacy of the Countryside (CIC)

| 6,115

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Social Christian Democracy of Catalonia}}"|

| align="left"| Social Christian Democracy of Catalonia (DSCC)

| 4,976

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Proverist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Proverist Party (PPr)

| 4,939

0.03±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Democratic Republican Action}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Democratic Republican Action (ARDE)

| 4,826

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Workers League (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Communist League (LC)

| 3,614

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Asturian Nationalist Council}}"|

| align="left"| Asturian Nationalist Council (CNA)

| 3,049

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española Auténtica}}"|

| align="left"| Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA)

| 2,736

0.02New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Pro-Austerity Policy Political Party (PIPPA)

| 2,409

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Workers and Peasants Party (POC)

| 2,314

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Independent Candidates of Melilla (CIME)

| 1,820

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española Independiente}}"|

| align="left"| Falangist Unity–Independent Spanish Phalanx (UF–FI–AT)

| 1,188

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falangist Mountain Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx–Falangist Unity (FE–UF)

| 876

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent Candidacy}}"|

| align="left"| Centre Independent Candidacy (CIC)

| n/a

n/astyle="color:red;"| –0.16

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
align="left" colspan="2"| Blank ballots

| 57,267

0.32style="color:green;"| +0.07

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Total

| 17,990,915

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

| 350

±0
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="2"| Valid votes

| 17,990,915

98.53style="color:red;"| –0.04

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2" rowspan="5"|

align="left" colspan="2"| Invalid votes

| 268,277

1.47style="color:green;"| +0.04
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Votes cast / turnout

| 18,259,192

68.04style="color:red;"| –10.79
align="left" colspan="2"| Abstentions

| 8,577,298

31.96style="color:green;"| +10.79
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Registered voters

| 26,836,490

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="7"| Sources{{cite web |url=https://infoelectoral.interior.gob.es/es/elecciones-celebradas/resultados-electorales/ |title=Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales |language=es |publisher=Ministry of the Interior |access-date=15 April 2022}}{{cite web |url=https://www.historiaelectoral.com/e1979.html |title=Elecciones Generales 1 de marzo de 1979 |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=21 October 2021}}
colspan="7" style="text-align:left; max-width:790px;"| {{hidden|ta1=left|title=Footnotes:|content={{ubl

| 1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity in the 1977 election.

| 2 Democratic Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1977 election, not including results in the Basque Country.

| 3 Foral Union of the Basque Country results are compared to the combined totals of People's Alliance in the Basque Country and Basque Independent Democrats in the 1977 election.

| 4 Convergence and Union results are compared to the combined totals of Democratic Pact for Catalonia and Union of the Centre and Christian Democracy of Catalonia in the 1977 election.

| 5 National Union results are compared to the combined totals of National Alliance July 18 and José Antonio Circles in the 1977 election.

| 6 Party of Labour of Spain results are compared to Democratic Left Front totals in the 1977 election.

| 7 Popular Unity results are compared to the combined totals of the Basque Socialist Party and Basque Nationalist Action in the 1977 election.

| 8 Workers' Revolutionary Organization results are compared to Workers' Electoral Group totals in the 1977 election.

| 9 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) results are compared to Democratic Socialist Alliance totals in the 1977 election.

| 10 Republican Left of Catalonia–National Front of Catalonia results are compared to Left of Catalonia–Democratic Electoral Front totals in the 1977 election.

| 11 Galician Unity results are compared to Galician Socialist Party totals in the 1977 election.

| 12 Regionalist Aragonese Party results are compared to Centre Independent Aragonese Candidacy totals in the 1977 election.

| 13 Revolutionary Communist League results are compared to Front for Workers' Unity totals in the 1977 election.}}}}

{{bar box

|title=Popular vote

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|UCD|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|34.84}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|30.40}}

{{bar percent|PCE|{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}|10.77}}

{{bar percent|CD|{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}|6.08}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|2.69}}

{{bar percent|UN|{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}|2.11}}

{{bar percent|PSA–PA|{{party color|Andalusian Party}}|1.81}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|1.65}}

{{bar percent|PTE|{{party color|Party of Labour of Spain}}|1.07}}

{{bar percent|HB|{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}|0.96}}

{{bar percent|ERC–FNC|{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}|0.69}}

{{bar percent|EE|{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|UPC|{{party color|Canarian People's Union}}|0.33}}

{{bar percent|PAR|{{party color|Regionalist Aragonese Party}}|0.21}}

{{bar percent|UPN|{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}|0.16}}

{{bar percent|Others|#777777|5.43}}

{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|0.32}}

}}

{{bar box

|title=Seats

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|UCD|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|48.00}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|34.57}}

{{bar percent|PCE|{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}|6.57}}

{{bar percent|CD|{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}|2.57}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|2.29}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|2.00}}

{{bar percent|PSA–PA|{{party color|Andalusian Party}}|1.43}}

{{bar percent|HB|{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}|0.86}}

{{bar percent|UN|{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|ERC–FNC|{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|EE|{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|UPC|{{party color|Canarian People's Union}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|PAR|{{party color|Regionalist Aragonese Party}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|UPN|{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}|0.29}}

}}

=Senate=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"

|+ ← Summary of the 1 March 1979 Senate of Spain election results →

colspan="7"| File:SpainSenateDiagram1979.svg
style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="525"| Parties and alliances

! colspan="3"| Popular vote

! colspan="2"| Seats

width="75"| Votes

! width="45"| %

! width="45"| ±pp

! width="35"| Total

! width="35"| +/−

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)

| 16,691,333

33.23style="color:green;"| +3.35

| 119

style="color:green;"| +13
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1

| 12,762,128

25.41style="color:red;"| –4.28

| 60

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Party of Spain (PCE)

| 4,407,905

8.78style="color:green;"| +6.82

| 0

±0
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Democratic Coalition (CD)

| 2,897,073

5.77style="color:red;"| –3.45

| 3

style="color:green;"| +1
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Democratic Coalition (CD)2

| 2,851,366

5.68style="color:red;"| –3.02

| 3

style="color:green;"| +1
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Foral Union of the Basque Country (UFPV)3

| 45,707

0.09style="color:red;"| –0.43

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Agreement}}"|

| align="left"| New Agreement (PSC–ERC)4

| 2,708,504

5.39n/a

| 10

style="color:green;"| +2
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For the Agreement}}"|

| align="left"| For the Agreement (PSUC–PTC)4

| 1,832,941

3.65n/a

| 1

style="color:red;"| –3
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="left"| Convergence and Union (CiU)5

| 1,387,176

2.76style="color:green;"| +0.21

| 1

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Union (UN)6

| 1,089,883

2.17style="color:green;"| +1.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andalusian Party}}"|

| align="left"| Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA)

| 1,026,345

2.04New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)7

| 843,452

1.68style="color:red;"| –1.63

| 8

style="color:red;"| –2
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}"|

| align="left"| Popular Unity (HB)8

| 465,852

0.93style="color:green;"| +0.74

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of Labour of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)9

| 412,782

0.82style="color:green;"| +0.57

| 0

±0
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers' Revolutionary Organization (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)

| 290,967

0.58style="color:red;"| –0.04

| 0

±0
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)10

| 276,457

0.55style="color:green;"| +0.13

| 0

±0
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| Navarrese Left Union (UNAI)

| 14,510

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.17

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Movement (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC)

| 257,830

0.51New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Euskadiko Ezkerra}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Country Left (EE)

| 209,107

0.42style="color:green;"| +0.18

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left (Spain, 1977)}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left (IR)

| 205,512

0.41New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician National-Popular Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Galician National-Popular Bloc (BNPG)

| 196,920

0.39style="color:green;"| +0.07

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Action Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)11

| 179,519

0.36style="color:red;"| –0.82

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Unity (PG–POG–PSG)

| 177,549

0.35New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Navarrese Unity (UNA)

| 137,275

0.27New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falangist Mountain Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx–Falangist Unity (FE–UF)

| 130,616

0.26New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Aragonese Party}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Aragonese Party (PAR)12

| 117,150

0.23style="color:red;"| –0.37

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Regional Union}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Regional Union (URV)

| 116,386

0.23New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian People's Union (UPC)

| 115,878

0.23New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Party (Spain, 1976)}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Party (PL)

| 110,347

0.22New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Revolutionary Communist League (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Revolutionary Communist League (LCR)

| 109,118

0.22New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Party of Cantabria}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC)

| 90,065

0.18New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Navarrese People's Union (UPN)

| 84,289

0.17New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Party (1970)}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Party (PC)

| 84,028

0.17style="color:green;"| +0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Democratic Republican Action}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Democratic Republican Action (ARDE)

| 73,308

0.15New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española de las JONS (Auténtica)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A))

| 70,659

0.14style="color:green;"| +0.14

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent Candidacy}}"|

| align="left"| Group of Independent Electors (ADEI)13

| 63,257

0.13style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 3

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Left Bloc for National Liberation}}"|

| align="left"| Left Bloc for National Liberation (BEAN)

| 54,055

0.11New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española Auténtica}}"|

| align="left"| Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA)

| 49,190

0.10New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of Aragon}}"|

| align="left"| Coalition for Aragon (PSAr–PSDA)

| 48,031

0.10New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag)}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Organization–Communist Unification (OCEBR–UCE)

| 41,656

0.08New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Ruralist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE)

| 40,086

0.08New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE)

| 38,968

0.08New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Pro-Austerity Policy Political Party (PIPPA)

| 36,280

0.07New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 32,055

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Social Christian Democracy of Catalonia}}"|

| align="left"| Social Christian Democracy of Catalonia (DSCC)

| 29,367

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Democratic Candidacy}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Democratic Candidacy (CDG)

| 26,426

0.05style="color:red;"| –1.11

| 0

style="color:red;"| –3
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of the Canarian Country}}"|

| align="left"| Party of the Canarian Country (PPC)

| 25,960

0.05New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 21,891

0.04New

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of Majorca}}"|

| align="left"| Socialist Party of Majorca (PSM)

| 19,753

0.04New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers' Communist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Workers' Communist Party (PCT)

| 17,888

0.04New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Salamancan Regionalist Candidacy (CRS)

| 17,019

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 14,758

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of Menorca}}"|

| align="left"| Menorcan Progressive Candidacy (PSM–PSOE–PCIB–PTI)

| 11,745

0.02New

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Independent Candidacy of the Countryside (CIC)

| 10,333

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nationalist Party of Castile and León}}"|

| align="left"| Nationalist Party of Castile and León (PANCAL)

| 8,795

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Asturian Nationalist Council}}"|

| align="left"| Asturian Nationalist Council (CNA)

| 8,309

0.02New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Entirely Anti-Partisan (EA)

| 7,931

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent Progressive Candidacy}}"|

| align="left"| Independent Progressive Candidacy (CPI)

| 7,763

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 7,266

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| New National Left (NIN)

| 7,053

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Estat Català}}"|

| align="left"| Catalan State (EC)

| 6,998

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Riojan Autonomy (AR)

| 6,835

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 5,263

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Zamorans for Zamora–Independent Candidacy (ZZ)

| 5,125

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Front of Catalonia}}"|

| align="left"| National Front of Catalonia (FNC)

| 4,566

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Majorera Assembly}}"|

| align="left"| Majorera Assembly (AM)

| 4,458

0.01±0.00

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Communist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE)

| 3,431

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 3,416

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC)

| 3,141

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| align="left"| Independent (INDEP)

| 1,698

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Proverist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Proverist Party (PPr)

| 242

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="black"|

| align="left"| Xirinacs Electoral Group (AE Xirinacs)

| n/a

n/astyle="color:red;"| –1.06

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragonese Candidacy of Democratic Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Candidacy of Democratic Unity (CAUD)

| n/a

n/astyle="color:red;"| –1.04

| 0

style="color:red;"| –3
align="left" colspan="2"| Blank ballots{{efn|The percentage of blank ballots is calculated over the official number of valid votes cast, irrespective of the total number of votes shown as a result of adding up the individual results for each party.}}

| 259,613

1.48| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Total

| 50,232,518

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

| 208

style="color:green;"| +1
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="2"| Valid votes

| 17,588,988

97.20| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2" rowspan="5"|
align="left" colspan="2"| Invalid votes

| 507,434

2.80
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Votes cast / turnout

| 18,096,422

67.43
align="left" colspan="2"| Abstentions

| 8,740,068

32.57
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Registered voters

| 23,583,762

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="7"| Sources{{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/e1979comp.html#s |title=Elecciones al Senado 1979 |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=24 September 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/senado7.html |title=Composición del Senado 1977-{{year}} |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=1 October 2021}}
colspan="7" style="text-align:left; max-width:705px;"| {{hidden|ta1=left|title=Footnotes:|content={{ubl

| 1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Democratic Senate, People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity and Independent Progressives and Socialists in the 1977 election.

| 2 Democratic Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1977 election, not including results in the Basque Country.

| 3 Foral Union of the Basque Country results are compared to the combined totals of People's Alliance in the Basque Country and Basque Independent Democrats in the 1977 election.

| 4 Within the Agreement of the Catalans alliance in the 1977 election.

| 5 Convergence and Union results are compared to Democracy and Catalonia totals in the 1977 election.

| 6 National Union results are compared to the combined totals of National Alliance July 18 and José Antonio Circles in the 1977 election.

| 7 Basque Nationalist Party results are compared to Autonomous Front totals in the 1977 election.

| 8 Popular Unity results are compared to the combined totals of the Basque Socialist Party and Basque Nationalist Action in the 1977 election.

| 9 Party of Labour of Spain results are compared to Democratic Left Front totals in the 1977 election.

| 10 Workers' Revolutionary Organization results are compared to Workers' Electoral Group totals in the 1977 election.

| 11 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) results are compared to Democratic Socialist Alliance totals in the 1977 election.

| 12 Regionalist Aragonese Party results are compared to Centre Independent Aragonese Candidacy totals in the 1977 election.

| 13 Group of Independent Electors results are compared to Independents of Soria totals in the 1977 election.}}}}

{{bar box

|title=Popular vote

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|UCD|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|33.23}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|25.41}}

{{bar percent|PCE|{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}|8.78}}

{{bar percent|CD|{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}|5.77}}

{{bar percent|PSC–ERC|{{party color|New Agreement}}|5.39}}

{{bar percent|PSUC–PTC|{{party color|For the Agreement}}|3.65}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|2.76}}

{{bar percent|UN|{{party color|National Union (Spain)}}|2.17}}

{{bar percent|PSA–PA|{{party color|Andalusian Party}}|2.04}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|1.68}}

{{bar percent|HB|{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}|0.93}}

{{bar percent|ADEI|{{party color|Independent Candidacy}}|0.13}}

{{bar percent|INDEP|{{party color|Independent politician}}|0.04}}

{{bar percent|CPMen|{{party color|Socialist Party of Menorca}}|0.02}}

{{bar percent|Others|#777777|8.07}}

{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|1.48}}

}}

{{bar box

|title=Seats

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|UCD|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|57.21}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|28.85}}

{{bar percent|PSC–ERC|{{party color|New Agreement}}|4.81}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|3.85}}

{{bar percent|CD|{{party color|Democratic Coalition (Spain)}}|1.44}}

{{bar percent|ADEI|{{party color|Independent Candidacy}}|1.44}}

{{bar percent|PSUC–PTC|{{party color|For the Agreement}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|HB|{{party color|Herri Batasuna}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|CPMen|{{party color|Socialist Party of Menorca}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|INDEP|{{party color|Independent politician}}|0.48}}

}}

=Maps=

File:1979 Spanish general election map.svg|Election results by constituency (Congress).

File:1979 Spanish election - Results.svg|Vote winner strength by constituency (Congress).

File:1979 Spanish election - AC results.svg|Vote winner strength by autonomous community (Congress).{{efn|name="AC"}}

Aftermath

=Government formation=

{{See|Third government of Adolfo Suárez}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| Investiture
Adolfo Suárez (UCD)
colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →

! 30 March 1979

colspan="2"| Required majority →

| 176 out of 350 {{tick|15}}

width="1px" style="background:green;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes

| • UCD (168)

| • CD (8)

| • PSA–PA (5)

| • PAR (1)

| • UPN (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|183|350|green|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:red;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = No

| • PSOE (94)

| • PCE–PSUC (23)

| • PSC (16)

| • PNV (6)

| • PSE (6)

| • UN (1)

| • ERC (1)

| • EE (1)

| • UPC (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|149|350|red|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:gray;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions

| • CiU (8)

}}

| {{Composition bar|8|350|gray|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:black;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Absentees

| • PSOE (4)

| • HB (3)

| • PSC (1)

| • CD (1)

| • PNV (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|10|350|black|width=125px}}

align="left" colspan="3"| Sources{{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/congresovota.html |title=Congreso de los Diputados: Votaciones más importantes |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=28 September 2017}}

=1980 motion of no confidence=

{{Further|1980 vote of no confidence in the government of Adolfo Suárez}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| Motion of no confidence
Felipe González (PSOE)
colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →

! 30 May 1980

colspan="2"| Required majority →

| 176 out of 350 {{cross|15}}

width="1px" style="background:green;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes

| • PSOE (97)

| • PCE–PSUC (23)

| • PSC (17)

| • PSE (6)

| • PSA–PA (5)

| • ERC (1)

| • EE (1)

| • UPC (1)

| • Independent (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|152|350|green|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:red;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = No

| • UCD (166)

}}

| {{Composition bar|166|350|red|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:gray;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions

| • CD (9)

| • CiU (7)

| • Independents (2)

| • FN (1)

| • PAR (1)

| • UPN (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|21|350|gray|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:black;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Absentees

| • PNV (7)

| • HB (3)

| • CiU (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|11|350|black|width=125px}}

align="left" colspan="3"| Sources

=1980 motion of confidence=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| Motion of confidence
Adolfo Suárez (UCD)
colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →

! 18 September 1980

colspan="2"| Required majority →

| Simple {{tick|15}}

width="1px" style="background:green;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes

| • UCD (165)

| • CiU (8)

| • PSA–PA (5)

| • Independents (2)

}}

| {{Composition bar|180|350|green|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:red;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = No

| • PSOE (97)

| • PCE–PSUC (23)

| • PSC (16)

| • CD (9)

| • PNV (7)

| • PSE (6)

| • FN (1)

| • EE (1)

| • UPC (1)

| • PAR (1)

| • UPN (1)

| • Independent (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|164|350|red|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:gray;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions

| • ERC (1)

| • Independent (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|2|350|gray|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:black;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Absentees

| • HB (3)

| • PSC (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|4|350|black|width=125px}}

align="left" colspan="3"| Sources

=1981 investiture=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
colspan="5" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| Investiture
Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (UCD)
colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →

! 21 February 1981

! 23 February 1981

! 25 February 1981

colspan="2"| Required majority →

| 176 out of 350 {{cross|15}}

| {{strikethrough|Simple}}

| Simple {{tick|15}}

width="1px" style="background:green;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes

| • UCD (165)

| • CD (9) {{small|(3 on 21 Feb)}}

| • CiU (9) {{small|(on 25 Feb)}}

| • PAR (1) {{small|(on 25 Feb)}}

| • UPN (1)

| • UA (1) {{small|(on 25 Feb)}}

}}

| {{Composition bar|169|350|green|width=125px}}

| rowspan="4"| {{Cancelled}}
{{smaller|(as a result of the
23-F coup d'etat
attempt)}}

| {{Composition bar|186|350|green|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:red;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = No

| • PSOE (95)

| • PCE–PSUC (23)

| • PSC (16)

| • PNV (7)

| • PSE (6)

| • PSA–PA (4)

| • Independents (3)

| • FN (1)

| • ERC (1)

| • EE (1)

| • UPC (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|158|350|red|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|158|350|red|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:gray;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions

| • CiU (9) {{small|(on 21 Feb)}}

| • CD (6) {{small|(on 21 Feb)}}

| • PAR (1) {{small|(on 21 Feb)}}

| • UA (1) {{small|(on 21 Feb)}}

}}

| {{Composition bar|17|350|gray|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|0|350|gray|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:black;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Absentees

| • HB (3)

| • PSOE (2) {{small|(1 on 21 Feb)}}

| • PSC (1)

| • PSA–PA (1) {{small|(on 21 Feb)}}

}}

| {{Composition bar|6|350|black|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|6|350|black|width=125px}}

align="left" colspan="5"| Sources

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}

  • {{cite act |italics=y |title=Constitución Española |type=Spanish Constitution |date=29 December 1978 |orig-date=version as of 29 December 1978 |reporter=Boletín Oficial del Estado |volume=311 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1978-31229 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229&tn=1&p=19781229 |access-date=27 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|Const. Esp.|1978}}}}
  • {{cite act |italics=y |title=Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales |type=Royal Decree-Law |number=20/1977 |date=18 March 1977 |reporter=Boletín Oficial del Estado |volume=70 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1977-7445 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1977-7445 |access-date=27 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|RDL 20/1977|1977}}}}
  • {{cite book |last1=Carreras de Odriozola |first1=Albert |last2=Tafunell Sambola |first2=Xavier |year=2005 |orig-year=1989 |title=Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX |url=http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |language=es |volume=1 |location=Bilbao |publisher=Fundación BBVA |pages=1072–1097 |edition=II |isbn=84-96515-00-1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010950/http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |df=dmy-all}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Spanish elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:General election in Spain, 1979}}

Category:1979 elections in Spain

1979

Category:March 1979 in Spain