Bridgetown

{{Short description|Capital and largest city of Barbados}}

{{Other uses}}

{{Use British English|date=March 2012}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}

{{More citations needed|date=February 2007}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Bridgetown

| settlement_type = Capital city

| image_skyline = {{multiple image

| border = infobox

| total_width = 290

| image_style = border:1;

| perrow = 1/2

| image1 = Bridgetown2.jpg

| caption1 = View of Bridgetown from Carlisle Bay

| image2 = BB Bridgestown 1010 (32) (17025042288).jpg

| caption2 = Downtown Bridgetown

| image3 = BB Bridgestown 1010 (8) (17025049548).jpg

| caption3 = Parliament Buildings

| image4 = Heroes Square, Bridgetown (2000).jpg

| caption4 = National Heroes Square

| image5 = BB Bridgestown 1010 (42) (17025262390).jpg

| caption5 = Cathedral Church of Saint Michael and All Angels

}}

| image_seal = City of Bridgetown, Barbados Armorial bearing.jpg

| seal_size = 125px

| image_map =

| mapsize = 130px

| map_caption =

| pushpin_map = Barbados#North America#Caribbean#Central America#Earth

| pushpin_mapsize = 250px

| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Bridgetown in Barbados

| pushpin_relief = yes

| pushpin_map_caption2 = Bridgetown (North America)

| coordinates = {{coord|13|05|49|N|59|36|47|W|type:city_region:BB|display=inline,title}}

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Barbados

| subdivision_type1 = Parish

| subdivision_name1 = Saint Michael

| established_title = Established

| established_date = 1628

| established_title2 = City status

| established_date2 = 1824

| unit_pref = Imperial

| area_footnotes =

| area_total_sq_mi = 15

| elevation_footnotes ={{Cite web |url=http://population.mongabay.com/population/barbados/3374036/bridgetown |title=Population of Bridgetown, Barbados |publisher=Population.mongabay.com |date=2012-01-18 |access-date=2012-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609225310/http://population.mongabay.com/population/barbados/3374036/bridgetown |archive-date=9 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}

| elevation_m = 1

| population_total = 110000

| population_as_of = 2014

| population_footnotes =

| population_density_sq_mi= auto

| postal_code_type =

| postal_code =

| area_code = +1 246

| website =

| footnotes ={{designation list | embed=yes

| designation1 = WHS

| designation1_offname = Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison

| designation1_date = 2011

| designation1_type = Cultural

| designation1_criteria = ii, iii, vi

| designation1_number = [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1376 1376]

| designation1_free1name = Region

| designation1_free1value = Americas

}}

| timezone = AST

|utc_offset = −04:00

}}

Bridgetown (UN/LOCODE: BB BGI)[https://service.unece.org/trade/locode/bb.htm Barbados codes], United Nations – Code for Trade and Transport Locations (UN/LOCODE) via UNECE is the capital and largest city of Barbados. Formerly The Town of Saint Michael, the Greater Bridgetown area is located within the parish of Saint Michael. Bridgetown is sometimes locally referred to as "The City", but the most common reference is simply "Town". As of 2014, its metropolitan population stands at roughly 110,000.

The Bridgetown port, found along Carlisle Bay (at {{Coord|13.106|N|59.632|W|region:BB_type:landmark|name=Bridgetown port}}) lies on the southwestern coast of the island. Parts of the Greater Bridgetown area (as roughly defined by the Ring Road Bypass or more commonly known as the ABC Highway),{{Cite news |title=Restore priority of B'town Redevelopment Plan |url=http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=letters&NewsID=23551 |newspaper=The Barbados Advocate |date=21 March 2012 |access-date=14 April 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731042013/http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=letters&NewsID=23551|archive-date=2012-07-31|url-status=dead}} sit close to the borders of the neighbouring parishes Christ Church and St. James. The Grantley Adams International Airport for Barbados, is located {{convert|16|km|mi|0}} southeast of Bridgetown city centre. It is the largest and only airport on the island. It has daily flights to major cities in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and the Caribbean. There is no longer a local municipal government, but it is a constituency of the national Parliament. During the short-lived 1950s-1960s Federation of the British West Indian Territories, Bridgetown was one of three capital cities{{Cite web |url=http://www.trinicenter.com/kwame/2010/1505.htm |title=W.I. Federation: Failure From the Start |last=Nantambu |first=Dr. Kwame |date=12 December 2005 |publisher=Trinicenter.com |access-date=1 September 2012 }} within the region being considered to be the Federal capital of the region.{{Cite book |last1=Kasperson |first1=Roger E. |last2=Minghi |first2=Julian V. |title=The Structure of Political Geography |year=2011 |publisher=Transaction Publishers |location=New Brunswick, NJ |isbn=978-1-4128-1854-4 |lccn=2011003509 |pages=350–365 |chapter=Decision Making }}{{Cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=Gordon K. |title=The Growth of the Modern West Indies |year=2004 |isbn=976-637-171-7 |pages=350–365 }}

The present-day location of the city was established by English settlers in 1628; a previous settlement under the authority of Sir William Courten was at St. James Town. Bridgetown is a major West Indies tourist destination, and the city acts as an important financial, informatics, convention centre, and cruise ship port of call in the Caribbean region. On 25 June 2011, "Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison" was added as a World Heritage Site of UNESCO.{{Cite web |url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/barbados_enters_world_heritage_list_with_bridgetown_and_its_garrison_hiraizumi_japan_and_germanys_beech_forests_also_inscribed/

|title=Barbados enters World Heritage List with Bridgetown and its Garrison; Hiraizumi (Japan) and Germany's Beech Forests also inscribed |date=25 June 2011 |work=UNESCOPRESS |publisher=UNESCO |access-date=26 June 2011 |quote=The World Heritage Committee has inscribed three new sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage List so far today: the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany as an extension to the World Heritage site of Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (Slovakia, Ukraine), Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison, the first heritage site of Barbados to enter the World Heritage List; and Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites}}{{Cite news|title=Barbados makes the list!|first=Allison|last=Ramsay|url=http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=local&NewsID=18380|newspaper=The Barbados Advocate|date=26 June 2011|access-date=26 June 2011|quote=Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison site was considered for nomination after Barbados became signatory to the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage Convention in 2002. Barbados submitted the nomination dossier to UNESCO World Heritage Centre on February 1, 2009, and that was among 45 proposals which were examined by the World Heritage Committee in June 2010. A total of 35 nominations including natural, cultural and mixed properties are being reviewed by the Committee. The session will end on 29 June.|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326082049/http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=local&NewsID=18380|archive-date=26 March 2012|df=dmy-all}}{{Cite news |title=Historic Bridgetown now a World Heritage Site |url=http://www.cbc.bb/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2075:historic-bridgetown-now-a-world-heritage-site&catid=36:local-news&Itemid=59 |agency=Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) |date=26 June 2011 |access-date=26 June 2011 |quote=The World Heritage Committee, meeting in Paris, said Bridgetown and its garrison deserved a place on the List, which is {{sic|comprised |hide=y|of}} more than 900 cultural or natural sites around the world regarded as having outstanding universal value.. }}

History

Although the island was totally abandoned or uninhabited when the British arrived, one of the few traces of indigenous pre-existence on the island was a primitive bridge constructed over the Careenage area's swamp at the centre of Bridgetown. It was thought that this bridge was created by a people indigenous to the Caribbean known as the Tainos. Upon finding the structure, the British settlers began to call what is now the Bridgetown area Indian Bridge. Scholars widely believe that the Tainos were driven from Barbados to the neighbouring island of Saint Lucia, during an invasion by the Kalinagos, another indigenous people of the region. Eventually after 1654 when a new bridge was constructed over the Careenage by the British, the area became known as The Town of Saint Michael and later as Bridgetown, after Sir Tobias Bridge.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Bridgetown is the only city outside the present United States that George Washington visited. (George Washington House, the house where he stayed, is included within the boundaries of the Garrison Historic Area.) Two of Washington's ancestors, Jonathon and Gerrard Hawtaine, were early planters on the island. Their grandmother was Mary Washington of Sulgrave, Northamptonshire, England. In 2011, historic buildings in Bridgetown were designated as a protected area by UNESCO.{{Cite news|title=Guard our heritage|author=Staff writer|url=http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=editorial&NewsID=18426|newspaper=The Barbados Advocate|date=29 June 2011|access-date=3 July 2011|quote=The World Heritage Committee (WHC) determined that historic Bridgetown and its Garrison fulfil the following roles: 1) "exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; 2) bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilisation which is living or which has disappeared; 3) be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history".|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326082214/http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=editorial&NewsID=18426|archive-date=26 March 2012}}

= Early settlement =

File:Pg013 Title The history of Barbados by Sir Robert H. Schombourgk.jpg statue Bridgetown, Barbados in 1848, removed in 2020]]

File:Pg012 Bridgetown in Barbados (cropped).jpg in 1848]]

English settlement of Bridgetown began on 5 July 1628 under Charles Wolverstone, who brought with him 64 settlers to these lands formally claimed by James Hay, the Earl of Carlisle. Wolverstone had been sent by a group of London merchants, headed by Sir Marmaduke Rawdon. They had been granted a lease{{Cite book |last1=Carrington |first1=Sean |last2=Fraser |first2=Henry |title=A~Z of Barbados Heritage |year=2003 |publisher=Macmillan Caribbean |isbn=0-333-92068-6 |pages=185–186 |chapter=Settlement of Barbados }} to {{convert|10000|acre|ha}} of land by the Earl of Carlisle in settlement of debts. Wolverstone granted each of the settlers {{convert|100|acre|ha}} of land on the northern side of the Careenage waterway for the purpose of general settlement.{{Cite book |last1=Alleyne |first1=Warren |title=Historic Bridgetown |year=1978 |publisher=The Barbados National Trust |pages=7, 8 |chapter=I "The Beginning" }} The southern shore on Needham's Point was claimed by Carlisle's agents in October 1628. In 1631, many acres of land directly facing Carlisle Bay were passed to Henry Hawley, the new Governor; but after reports of his dishonest behaviour he was arrested and forcibly returned to England in 1639. An investigation by a commission in 1640 found that much of Hawley's land transactions were legitimate and properly showed{{clarify|date=January 2019}} these lands (including the town site) as being attributed to the Earl of Carlisle. Bridgetown was built with a street layout resembling early English medieval or market towns, with its narrow serpentine street and alley configuration. It is estimated that between 1627 and 1807, approximately 387,000 enslaved Africans were sent to Barbados.{{Cite web |title=BBC - History - British History in depth: Slavery and Economy in Barbados |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/barbados_01.shtml |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en-GB |quote=It is estimated that between 1627 to 1807, some 387 000 Africans were shipped to the island against their will, in overcrowded, unsanitary ships, which made the Middle Passage a synonym for barbaric horror.}}

= From town to city =

{{See also|Districts of Barbados#City of Bridgetown}}

In 1824, Barbados became the seat of the Anglican Diocese of Barbados and the Leeward Islands. The St Michael's Parish Church became a cathedral, so that Bridgetown became a city. In 1842, Barbados, Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, Saint Vincent, and Saint Lucia were split into separate dioceses by Royal Letters Patent which also decreed that the Town of Bridgetown should be called the City of Bridgetown.{{London Gazette |issue=20146 |date=30 September 1842 |page=2631 }}

From 1800 until 1885, Bridgetown was the main seat of Government for the former British colonies of the Windward Islands. During this period, the resident Governor of Barbados also served as the Colonial head of the Windward Islands. After the Government of Barbados officially exited from the Windward Islands union in 1885, the seat was moved from Bridgetown to St. George's on the neighbouring island of Grenada.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

File:Bridgetown coa.gif

In December 1925, a committee sought to petition the King for a Royal Charter of Incorporation to provide local government in the city, proposed to consist of a mayor, 8 aldermen, 12 common councillors, a town clerk, a head-borough or chief constable, and such other officers as would be deemed necessary. It was proposed that the island's House of Assembly should seek to incorporate the city instead of using a Royal Charter.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

This proposal did not succeed, but in 1958 the Local Government Act was passed in Barbados. This provided a separate administration for the city, with a mayor; 6 city aldermen; and 12 city councillors, four for each of the three wards in the city.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

On 20 September 1960, the College of Arms in London granted arms to the City of Bridgetown. The armorial bearings were designed by the late Neville Connell, the then director of the Barbados Museum and Historical Society, and H. W. Ince, the Honorary Secretary of the Society.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Local government in Barbados did not last long. In April 1967, the Local Government Councils were dissolved and replaced by an Interim Commissioner for Local Government. The Corporation of Bridgetown thus ceased to exist, and its records and paraphernalia were deposited in both the Government Department of Archives and Barbados Museum and Historical Society.{{Cite book |last=Alleyne |first=Warren |year=1978 |title=Historic Bridgetown |publisher=The Barbados National Trust |location=Barbados}} Today, Bridgetown and surrounding constituencies are administered by members of the Barbadian parliament.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Geography and climate

= Geography =

File:Bridgetown aerial.JPG

As established in the early 17th century, Bridgetown's centre was originally composed of a swamp, which was drained and filled in to make way for development.{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=S.D. |date=2007-01-01 |title=Paying the levy: Taxable wealth in Bridgetown, Barbados, 1680–1715 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1016/j.hisfam.2007.08.004 |journal=The History of the Family |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=116–129 |doi=10.1016/j.hisfam.2007.08.004 |issn=1081-602X|url-access=subscription }}

= Boundaries =

The earliest boundaries of Bridgetown are contained by way of an Act passed on 4 April 1660 called, "to prevent the danger which may happen by fire, in or about any of the seaport towns of the Island". The southern limit was declared to be the River (Careenage), whilst the western limit was declared to be the western boundary of St. Michael's (now St. Mary's) Churchyard, and extending in a direct line to the seaside. The town's other limits consisted of properties of certain citizens' names in this statute, the location of which cannot now be determined with certainty. The boundaries were not redefined until 1822.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}{{cite web |title=1376-ICOMOS-1786-en.pdf |url=https://whc.unesco.org/document/152514&usg=AOvVaw1aoTJqbiHCgPe54yjz2sUF&opi=89978449|website=ICOMOS |publisher=ICOMOS |access-date=2 March 2024}}

Through Statutory Instrument (S.I) 1984 No. 141, Road Traffic Act, CAP. 295, ROAD TRAFFIC REGULATIONS, and under Schedule Sec. No. 6: The Boundaries of Bridgetown, Speightstown, Holetown and Oistin are cited as follows: 1) "City of Bridgetown" – "Bridgetown" – "The City":{{Cite web |url=http://208.109.177.6/en/showdoc/cr/1984_141/se:105?splitmode=true#Pd61946487e5056 |title=Road Traffic Act |access-date=17 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218090249/http://208.109.177.6/en/showdoc/cr/1984_141/se:105?splitmode=true#Pd61946487e5056 |archive-date=18 February 2018 |url-status=dead }}

{{blockquote|The area bounded by Highway 7 at the junction of Bay Street with Jemmotts Lane; thence in a north easterly and northerly direction following Jemmotts Lane, Martindales Road and Halls Road to the junction of Halls Road not including the said boundary roads; thence in a westerly direction following Tweedside Road and Roebuck Street to the junction of Country Road with Roebuck Street; thence in a northerly, westerly, and south-westerly direction following Country Road and Passage Road and Westbury Road to the junction of Westbury Road with President Kennedy Drive; thence in a southwesterly direction following President Kennedy Drive to its junction with Samuel Jackman Prescod Boulevard not including President Kennedy Drive; thence in a southerly and westerly direction following Samuel Jackman Prescod Boulevard to its junction with Princess Alice Highway not including Samuel Jackman Prescod Boulevard; thence continuing in a westerly direction to a point on the sea-coast; thence in a south-easterly direction following the sea coast to the junction of Bay Street with Jemmotts Lane.{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}} }}

Beyond the boundary outlined, the wider Greater Bridgetown metropolitan area technically occupies most of the parish of Saint Michael, an area which covers around {{convert|39|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The above portion for the Road Traffic Act also omits much of the 90 acres of new land originally formed by completion of the Port of Bridgetown in 1961.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

= Careenage =

At the heart of Bridgetown is the Careenage and Constitution River. The Careenage can be considered a marina for boaters entering or exiting the inner basin located directly in front of the Parliament buildings of Barbados. This body of water provides the city with direct access from medium-sized yachts or small craft boats. Although moderately shallow, the Careenage slices Bridgetown into two parts. During the rainy season the Constitution River flows into the Careenage area and acts as an outflow for water from the country's interior storm drainage network. Flowing into the Carlisle Bay on the southwest coast of the island.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

= Climate =

Bridgetown features a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw), with relatively constant temperatures throughout the course of the year. While fairly hot, Bridgetown is cooled somewhat by the trade winds that affect weather in Barbados in general. Bridgetown's record high of {{convert|33.1|°C|1}} in September 2005 and record low of {{convert|16.5|°C|1}} on 2 January 1984. Bridgetown features distinct wet and dry seasons, with a relatively lengthy wet season and a shorter dry season. Its wet season is from June through December, while the dry season covers the remaining months.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

{{climate chart

| Bridgetown, Barbados

|23.3|29.1|68.1

|23.0|29.2|41.7

|23.4|29.7|38.9

|24.2|30.2|58.1

|25.0|30.6|74.1

|25.2|30.7|101.2

|25.1|30.7|121.5

|24.8|30.9|150.6

|24.8|31.0|162.6

|24.7|30.8|179.6

|24.5|30.3|172.6

|23.9|29.6|91.0

|float=right

|clear=right

}}

{{Weather box

|width = auto

|location = Bridgetown (Grantley Adams International Airport) 1991–2020, extremes 1944–present

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|Jan record high C = 32.0

|Feb record high C = 31.2

|Mar record high C = 31.9

|Apr record high C = 32.6

|May record high C = 33.1

|Jun record high C = 32.7

|Jul record high C = 32.4

|Aug record high C = 35.0

|Sep record high C = 33.3

|Oct record high C = 33.3

|Nov record high C = 33.3

|Dec record high C = 31.3

|year record high C = 35.0

|Jan high C = 29.1

|Feb high C = 29.2

|Mar high C = 29.7

|Apr high C = 30.2

|May high C = 30.6

|Jun high C = 30.7

|Jul high C = 30.7

|Aug high C = 30.9

|Sep high C = 31.0

|Oct high C = 30.8

|Nov high C = 30.3

|Dec high C = 29.6

|Jan mean C = 26.0

|Feb mean C = 25.9

|Mar mean C = 26.3

|Apr mean C = 27.0

|May mean C = 27.7

|Jun mean C = 27.8

|Jul mean C = 27.8

|Aug mean C = 27.9

|Sep mean C = 27.9

|Oct mean C = 27.7

|Nov mean C = 27.2

|Dec mean C = 26.6

|Jan low C = 23.3

|Feb low C = 23.0

|Mar low C = 23.4

|Apr low C = 24.2

|May low C = 25.0

|Jun low C = 25.2

|Jul low C = 25.1

|Aug low C = 24.8

|Sep low C = 24.8

|Oct low C = 24.7

|Nov low C = 24.5

|Dec low C = 23.9

|Jan record low C = 16.5

|Feb record low C = 18.0

|Mar record low C = 17.4

|Apr record low C = 19.0

|May record low C = 19.4

|Jun record low C = 20.0

|Jul record low C = 19.3

|Aug record low C = 19.1

|Sep record low C = 20.6

|Oct record low C = 20.6

|Nov record low C = 18.0

|Dec record low C = 17.4

|year record low C = 16.5

|rain colour = green

|Jan rain mm = 68.1

|Feb rain mm = 41.7

|Mar rain mm = 38.9

|Apr rain mm = 58.1

|May rain mm = 74.1

|Jun rain mm = 101.2

|Jul rain mm = 121.5

|Aug rain mm = 150.6

|Sep rain mm = 162.6

|Oct rain mm = 179.6

|Nov rain mm = 172.6

|Dec rain mm = 91.0

|year rain mm =

|Jan rain days = 11

|Feb rain days = 9

|Mar rain days = 8

|Apr rain days = 8

|May rain days = 8

|Jun rain days = 11

|Jul rain days = 15

|Aug rain days = 16

|Sep rain days = 13

|Oct rain days = 15

|Nov rain days = 14

|Dec rain days = 11

|year rain days =

|Jan humidity = 77

|Feb humidity = 76

|Mar humidity = 75

|Apr humidity = 76

|May humidity = 77

|Jun humidity = 79

|Jul humidity = 80

|Aug humidity = 81

|Sep humidity = 81

|Oct humidity = 82

|Nov humidity = 82

|Dec humidity = 78

|year humidity =

|Jan sun = 263.5

|Feb sun = 248.6

|Mar sun = 272.8

|Apr sun = 261.0

|May sun = 263.5

|Jun sun = 225.0

|Jul sun = 251.1

|Aug sun = 260.4

|Sep sun = 234.0

|Oct sun = 238.7

|Nov sun = 228.0

|Dec sun = 254.2

|year sun =

|Jand sun = 8.5

|Febd sun = 8.8

|Mard sun = 8.8

|Aprd sun = 8.7

|Mayd sun = 8.5

|Jund sun = 7.5

|Juld sun = 8.1

|Augd sun = 8.4

|Sepd sun = 7.8

|Octd sun = 7.7

|Novd sun = 7.6

|Decd sun = 8.2

|yeard sun =

|source 1 = Barbados Meteorological Services{{Cite web

| url = http://www.barbadosweather.org/barbados-weather-climate-data.php

| title = Barbados Weather Climate Data

| publisher = Barbados Meteorological Services

| access-date = 6 January 2022

| archive-date = 26 December 2012

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121226031058/http://www.barbadosweather.org/barbados-weather-climate-data.php

| url-status = dead

}}

|source 2 = Meteo Climat (record highs and lows){{Cite web

| url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=1505

| title = Station Grantley

| publisher = Meteo Climat

| language = fr

| access-date = 6 November 2016}}

|date=August 2010

}}

The City

{{wide image|BridgetownBarbadosPanarama.jpg|900px|Bridgetown, showing Chamberlain Bridge and Parliament Building}}

File:Bridgetown1.jpg

File:Bridgetown, Barbados, April 2007.jpg

In the centre lies the main street of Bridgetown which is Broad Street which runs directly through the centre of the city. Broad Street passes the Parliament Buildings and serves as the centre of city's shopping area.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Another major traffic artery into the city is Bay Street (which turns into Highway 7) and leads toward the South Coast of Barbados and the Parish of Christ Church. There are also other notable streets in Bridgetown, including:{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

  • Swan Street – which is parallel to Broad Street, to the north.
  • Roebuck Street – which leads towards Queens Park to the North, and East of Swan Street.
  • Tudor Street – which comes from the north, intersects Swan Street and runs perpendicular to Broad Street.
  • The Spring Garden Highway, which lies to the west of the city, plays host to over 85,000 bystanders and participants in the annual Grand Kadooment Carnival Parade.

= Neighbourhoods =

= Landmarks/points of interest =

  • National Heroes Square (formerly Trafalgar Square) and Fountain Garden{{Cite web |url=http://www.funbarbados.com/Sights/S_trafalgarsquare.CFM |title=Trafalgar Square |access-date=30 January 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430034149/http://www.funbarbados.com/Sights/S_trafalgarsquare.CFM |archive-date=30 April 2013 |url-status=dead}}

File:Parliament Building (46667270015).jpg

= Harbour =

{{Main|Port of Bridgetown}}

The Bridgetown Port (or "Deep Water Harbour" as it is also known) is the major port of entry for cruise and cargo ships docking in Barbados. The Deep Water Harbour lies a short distance across Carlisle Bay northwest of the Careenage Canal. Found along the Princess Alice Highway, and west of the city's centre around Fontabelle.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

The Harbour port acts as one of the major shipping and transhipment hubs from international locations for the entire Eastern Caribbean. Recently, the Bridgetown Port was dredged to allow safe access and berthing for the new league of "super cruise ships". The dredging project was completed in 2002 and the city can now host many of the largest cruise ships in the world.

The port of Bridgetown also handles goods for the domestic needs of the island. The island's main exports of mainly agricultural products also make use of the harbour facilities.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

File:Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison-115167.jpg

Bridgetown also has a smaller canal in the centre of the city, named the Careenage, a.k.a. "Constitution River". The Constitution River should not be confused with the Deep Water Harbour. The smaller Constitution River feeding into the west coast lies about a half kilometre south of the large harbour. The Careenage is just large enough for pleasure craft or fishing boats and has two main bridges near the city center which span the shallow Careenage.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Society and culture

File:High street Barbados.jpg

File:Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison-115165.jpg

Bridgetown serves as a principal centre of commercial activity in Barbados, as well as a central hub for the island's public transport system. Many of the ministries and departments of the island's government are located within the Greater Bridgetown area. The Public Buildings or parliament, which stand at the heart of the city directly north of Heroes Square, house the third oldest continuous parliament in the British Commonwealth. Indeed, at one point in the city's early history, Bridgetown was the most important city of all British possessions in the New World due to the city's easterly location in the Caribbean region.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

The headquarters of the National Library Service of Barbados is located in Bridgetown. The main branch is found on Coleridge Street, in a coral-stone building, built in the style of the English Renaissance.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

File:Barbados Mutual Life Assurance Society building, Bridgetown.jpg

For a city of its size, the Greater Bridgetown area is home to several prestigious educational institutions. The city serves as the seat of one of the three campuses of the University of the West Indies in the northern suburb of Cave Hill. The campus sits on a bluff offering views of Bridgetown and its port. The Barbados Community College is located {{convert|3|mi|km|spell=in}} east of the Central Business District in a suburb known as "The Ivy", while the sprawling campus of the Samuel Jackman Prescod Polytechnic is located just beyond the eastern limits of the city in a suburb known as "The Pine". In addition, the city houses such distinguished secondary schools as Harrison College, Combermere and The St. Michael School. The American University of Barbados, School of Medicine located in Wildey area of the Parish of Saint Michael located roughly 4 km east of Bridgetown, it lies on the border with the Parish of Christ Church.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

The City of Bridgetown also played host to the 1994 United Nations Global Conference on Sustainable Development of Small Islands States. Bridgetown has branches of some of the largest banks in the world and English-speaking Caribbean and is internationally recognised as an emerging financial domicile. The city underwent considerable redevelopment in preparation for the 2007 World Cricket Cup Finals held at the historic Kensington Oval. The stadium was renovated to a state-of-the-art sports facility accommodating 30,000 spectators. Live viewership for the 2007 event was estimated to be over 100 million people worldwide.{{Cite web

| last= Mukherjee|first= Sharmistha

| work= Business Standard

|date=25 March 2011|title=ICC Cricket World Cup draws record viewership|url=http://www.sify.com/finance/icc-cricket-world-cup-draws-record-viewership-news-equity-ldzbb5gebaf.html|access-date=2023-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828112820/http://www.sify.com/finance/icc-cricket-world-cup-draws-record-viewership-news-equity-ldzbb5gebaf.html |archive-date=28 August 2011 }}

= Utilities and local services =

File:Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison-115163.jpg

Today, Bridgetown is a fully modern and thriving city, with access to many modern services including a piped water supply (said to be naturally among the purest in the world), electricity, natural gas supply, cutting-edge telecommunications, wireless services, internet cafes, and a good overall infrastructure. The city is also served by an impressive conference facility known as the Sherbourne Conference Centre.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Economy

{{See also|Economy of Barbados}}

Barbados' main exports are sugar, rum, and molasses. The island is also involved in other industries namely tourism and the offshore sector.{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=UNESCO World Heritage |title=The Industrial Heritage of Barbados: The Story of Sugar and Rum |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5942/ |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |language=en}}

= Stock exchange =

  • Barbados Stock Exchange (BSE), The city of Bridgetown has a stock exchange with securities of Barbadian and regional Caribbean companies.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

= Business/specifics =

Business: Banks are open 08:00–15:00,

Hours: Monday to Thursday, and 08:00–17:00 on Fridays.

The main banks are:{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

{{See also|List of banks in Barbados}}

Automatic Teller Machines are available.

Shops are open:

  • 08:00–18:00 weekdays and
  • 08:00–12:00 Saturdays.

Payment cards are widely accepted.

Electricity: 115 volts AC, 50 cycles.

Most hotels have 220 AC.

Telecommunications: the international dialing code for Barbados is +1.246 followed by seven digits.

On the island, use the seven digits alone.

When on the island, to call anywhere in the United States or Canada simply dial +1 (area code) + seven digit phone number.

Emergency numbers:

Police: 211 (emergency only)

Fire: 311

Ambulance: 511

Coast Guard and Defense Force: +1.246.427.8819

Transportation

{{Main|Transportation in Barbados}}

The city has access to daily flights via the island's airport, the Sir Grantley Adams International Airport (GAIA) located on the ABC Highway/Highway 7 in Seawell, Christ Church. The city of Bridgetown and New York City in the United States, were the only cities in the western hemisphere to be served by regularly scheduled British Airways Concorde flights. Additionally, the GAIA has been chosen as one of only four global display sites for the retired supersonic aircraft. The Airport is in the final stages of an expansion project, which will also include the construction of an aviation museum to house the retired Concorde aircraft.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

All seven of Barbados's primary highways begin close to the City of Bridgetown, in the Parish of Saint Michael. They all fan out to the north, south and east to other parts of the island. Driving is done of the left-hand side of the road with a speed limit of {{convert|60|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} in built-up areas. The speed limit on the ABC Highway is generally {{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} except in built-up areas. Water transport is regulated by the Barbados Port Authority.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

= Public buses =

Public buses that head northward to destinations such as Holetown and Speightstown, and to some locations in St. Michael including the University of the West Indies – (Cave Hill Campus), leave from the Princess Alice Bus Terminal which lies to the west of the city centre. Buses for points east and south leave from the Fairchild Street Bus Terminal, which is on the eastern edge of the city centre, near to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH).{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

= Route taxis =

Route taxis are privately owned minivans which operate as taxicabs for hire.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Diplomatic missions in Barbados

{{See also|List of diplomatic missions in Barbados}}

= Twin towns – sister cities =

Bridgetown is twinned with:

  • {{flagdeco|CAN}} Bridgetown, Nova Scotia, Canada (9 July 2004){{cite web |url=http://www.foreign.gov.bb/Userfiles/File/B'town,%20B'dos%20&%20B'town,%20Nova%20Scotia%20-%20Twinning%20%20July%2009.%202004.pdf |url-access= |title=Remarks by Senior Minister Dame Billie Miller at the Signing Ceremony on the Occasion of the Twinning of Bridgetown, Nova Scotia and Bridgetown, Barbados |last=Miller |first=Dame Billie |date=2004-07-09 |department= |website=Foreign.gov.bb |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and International Business (Barbados) |agency= |location= |at=Bridgetown, N.S., Canada |language= |access-date=2017-01-19 |url-status= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928020746/http://www.foreign.gov.bb/Userfiles/File/B'town,%20B'dos%20&%20B'town,%20Nova%20Scotia%20-%20Twinning%20%20July%2009.%202004.pdf |archive-date=2007-09-28 |quote= }}
  • {{flagdeco|UK}} Hackney, United Kingdom (1982){{Cite web|title=Twinning {{!}} Hackney Council|url=https://hackney.gov.uk/twinning/|access-date=2023-01-02|website=hackney.gov.uk}}
  • {{flagdeco|CN}} Hunan province, China (2023){{cite web |url=http://www.enghunan.gov.cn/hneng/News/Localnews/202306/t20230626_29384578.html |url-access= |title=Hunan, Bridgetown Establish Friendship Province-city Ties |date=June 26, 2023 |editor-last=Jiangjiang |editor-first=Yu |department=Hunan University |publisher=Hunan Provincial People's Government |agency= |location= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date=June 27, 2024 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote= |trans-quote=}}{{cite web |url=http://www.enghunan.gov.cn/hneng/AboutHunan/GlobalAssociations/SisterCities/201508/t20150811_1817678.html |url-access= |title=Hunan's International Sister Cities at the Provincial Level |author= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author2= |author-link2= |date= |orig-date= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor= |editor-link= |editor-last2= |editor-first2= |editor-link2= |department=Hunan University |website= |series= |publisher=Hunan Provincial People's Government |agency= |script-title= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |access-date=June 24, 2024 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote= |trans-quote= |ref= |postscript=}}
  • {{flagdeco|US}} New York City, New York, United States (22 October 2024){{Cite web |last=Austin |first=Sharon |date=2024-10-22 |title=Sister-City Agreement Between Bridgetown & New York Signed |url=https://gisbarbados.gov.bb/blog/sister-city-agreement-between-bridgetown-new-york-signed/ |access-date=2024-10-23 |website=GIS |language=en-US}}
  • {{flagdeco|US}} Wilmington, North Carolina, United States (28 June 2004){{Cite web|url=http://www.scawilmington.org/Barbados.html|title=Wilmington's Sister Cities|website=Sister Cities Association of Wilmington|access-date=2021-12-03}}

Notable people

File:Pirate Flag of Stede Bonnet.svg.]]

See also

References

{{Reflist|30em}}