Cleveland, Yorkshire

Cleveland has a centuries-long association with the area from Middlesbrough to Pickering and Thirsk to Whitby, effectively the eastern half of Yorkshire's North Riding. Ralph, Archdeacon of Cleveland, was the area's first archdeacon recorded, before 1174.{{Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae |last=Greenway |first=Diana E. |period=1066–1300|volume=6 |pages=36–40}} A Dukedom of Cleveland was first created in the 17th century.

{{see also|ironstone mining in Cleveland and North Yorkshire}}

The Cleveland Hills were key suppliers of the ironstone which was essential to running blast furnaces alongside the River Tees. Cleveland's rich ore has created a significant industrial heritage arising from its central role in the 19th century iron boom that led to Middlesbrough growing from a hamlet into a major industrial town in only a matter of decades. Teesport is one of the United Kingdom's main ports, initially due to the iron boom, with other heavy industrial plants between Middlesbrough and Redcar.

Legislation creating the Cleveland Parliamentary constituency (1885–1974) was the first use of Cleveland referring narrowly to land around the River Tees. The constituency was created by the division of the North Riding constituency, and was succeeded in name by the Cleveland and Whitby for the February 1974 general election. The county of Cleveland followed on similar boundaries, also including areas north of the River Tees.

The official name, from 1974, of the "CLEVELAND" (TS postcode was formed from "TeeS" or "Tees-Side") postal county refers to a larger area including the non-metropolitan county and to the moors.Royal Mail, Address Management Guide Edition 4, (2004)

Cleveland is a common place name in the US and Canada, but relatively few of these places are named directly after this region in England. Many of the towns, as well as two counties and a national forest, are named after US President Grover Cleveland. Other towns are named after the City of Cleveland, Ohio, which in turn was named in honor of Moses Cleaveland, a founder of the city.

{{for-multi|sites covering the former county|List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Cleveland|sites covered by the county council of North Yorkshire|List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in North Yorkshire}}

File:North_York_Moors_map_en.png

The area is geographically varied:

• North York Moors
• Howardian Hills
• Roseberry Topping: a distinctive hill. Its original roughly conical form was undercut by extensive mining, giving it a jagged appearance that many have thought reminiscent of the Matterhorn mountain.
• Cleveland Basin
• River Tees
• River Leven
• Eston Nab

File:2007Kirkleatham8.JPG

• North Yorkshire
• Middlesbrough
• Redcar and Cleveland
• Stockton-on-Tees (south Tees)

• Lord Lieutenant of Cleveland
• High Sheriff of Cleveland
• Duke of Cleveland
• Earl of Cleveland

• Cleveland Bay
• Cleveland Way
• Cleveland Mountain Rescue Team
• Cleveland Police and the Cleveland Police and Crime Commissioner
• Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company, major structural engineering company
• Cleveland Shopping Centre
• Ironstone mining in Cleveland and North Yorkshire
• Regiones

{{reflist}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20130703114146/http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/results.aspx?index=0 Images of Cleveland] at the English Heritage Archive

{{North Yorkshire}}

{{Yorkshire}}

Category:Ancient subdivisions of Yorkshire