Daniel Kahneman#Focusing illusion

Daniel Kahneman was born in Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine, on March 5, 1934 while his mother Rachel (née Shenzon) was visiting her family.{{Cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/kahneman/facts/ |title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2002 |publisher=NobelPrize.org |access-date=February 13, 2020 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414083258/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/kahneman/facts/ |url-status=live}}{{cite news |last=Hershey |first=Robert D |last2=Traub |first2=Alex |date=March 27, 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman, Who Plumbed the Psychology of Economics, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240328025342/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |archive-date=March 28, 2024 |accessdate=March 27, 2024 |newspaper=The New York Times}}{{Cite news |last=Ferry |first=Georgina |date=4 April 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman Obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/apr/04/daniel-kahneman-obituary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404113306/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/apr/04/daniel-kahneman-obituary |archive-date=4 April 2024 |access-date=March 30, 2025 |work=The Guardian}} His parents were Lithuanian Jews who had emigrated to France in the early 1920s. He spent his childhood years in Paris. Kahneman and his family were in Paris when it was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1940. His father, Efrayim, was picked up in the first major round-up of French Jews, but he was released after six weeks due to the intervention of his employer, La Cagoule backer Eugène Schueller.{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=Michael |title= The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds |publisher= Penguin Random House |isbn=9780141983042 |year= 2017}}{{rp|52}} The family was on the run for the remainder of the war but survived except for Efrayim who died of diabetes in 1944. Kahneman and his family then moved to Mandatory Palestine in 1948, just before the creation of the state of Israel.

Kahneman wrote of his experience in Nazi-occupied France, explaining in part why he entered the field of psychology:

{{blockquote|It must have been late 1941 or early 1942. Jews were required to wear the Star of David and to obey a 6 p.m. curfew. I had gone to play with a Christian friend and had stayed too late. I turned my brown sweater inside out to walk the few blocks home. As I was walking down an empty street, I saw a German soldier approaching. He was wearing the black uniform that I had been told to fear more than others – the one worn by specially recruited SS soldiers. As I came closer to him, trying to walk fast, I noticed that he was looking at me intently. Then he beckoned me over, picked me up, and hugged me. I was terrified that he would notice the star inside my sweater. He was speaking to me with great emotion, in German. When he put me down, he opened his wallet, showed me a picture of a boy, and gave me some money. I went home more certain than ever that my mother was right: people were endlessly complicated and interesting.|source= NobelPrize Bio 2002 }}

In 1954, Kahneman received his Bachelor of Science degree, with a major in psychology and a minor in mathematics, from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Israeli intellectual Yeshayahu Leibowitz, whom Kahneman describes as influential in his intellectual development, was Kahneman's chemistry teacher at Beit-Hakerem High School, and Kahneman's physiology professor at university.{{Cite web |title=Interview with Daniel Kahneman |url=https://www.maxraskin.com/interviews/daniel-kahneman |access-date=March 1, 2022 |website=Interviews with Max Raskin |language=en-US |archive-date=March 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301165853/https://www.maxraskin.com/interviews/daniel-kahneman |url-status=live }} Kahneman was average in mathematics, but he thrived in psychology.{{Cite web |title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2002 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/kahneman/biographical/ |access-date=November 20, 2023 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US |archive-date=August 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814214533/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economic-sciences/laureates/2002/kahneman-bio.html |url-status=live }} Kahneman was led to psychology when he discovered in his teens that he was more interested in why people believe in God than in whether God exists, and more interested in indignation than in ethics.

In 1954, he began his military service in the Israel Defense Forces as a second lieutenant, serving for a year in infantry. He then served in the psychology department of the IDF. He developed a structured interview for combat recruits, which remained in use in the IDF for several decades. Kahneman describes his military service as a "very important period" in his life.{{Cite news |last=Akst |first=Daniel |title=Daniel Kahneman: How Companies Can Improve Their Hiring Process |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/daniel-kahneman-how-companies-can-improve-their-hiring-process-11632225600 |access-date=March 12, 2024 |publisher=WSJ |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312163342/https://www.wsj.com/articles/daniel-kahneman-how-companies-can-improve-their-hiring-process-11632225600 |url-status=live }}

In 1958, he went to the United States to study for his PhD in Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. His 1961 dissertation, advised by Susan Ervin, examined relations between adjectives in the semantic differential and allowed him to "engage in two of [his] favorite pursuits: the analysis of complex correlational structures and FORTRAN programming".

Kahneman received a bachelor's degree in psychology and mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1954 and a degree in psychology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1961, and went on to become a lecturer in psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem later in 1961 and was promoted to senior lecturer in 1966. His early work focused on visual perception and attention.{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Beatty |first2=Jackson |date=1966 |title=Pupil Diameter and Load on Memory |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1720478 |journal=Science |volume=154 |issue=3756 |pages=1583–1585 |doi=10.1126/science.154.3756.1583 |jstor=1720478 |pmid=5924930 |bibcode=1966Sci...154.1583K |s2cid=22762466 |issn=0036-8075 |access-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312165328/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1720478 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }} From 1965 to 1966, he was a visiting scientist at the University of Michigan, a fellow at the Center for Cognitive Studies and a lecturer in cognitive psychology at Harvard University in 1966 to 1967, and during the summers of 1968 and 1969 he was a visiting scientist at the Applied Psychology Research Unit in Cambridge. His work on attention led to a book, Attention and Effort, in which he presented a theory of effort based on studies of pupillary changes during mental tasks.{{Cite book |last=Kahneman |first=Daniel |title=Attention and effort |date=1973 |publisher=Prentice-Hall |isbn=9780130505187 }} Kahneman also developed rules of counterfactual thinking, and published "Norm Theory" with Dale Miller.{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Miller |first2=Dale T. |date=April 1986 |title=Norm theory: Comparing reality to its alternatives. |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.136 |journal=The Psychological Review |language=en |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=136–153 |doi=10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.136 |issn=1939-1471 |access-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517223511/https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-295X.93.2.136 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}

Kahneman's lengthy collaboration with Amos Tversky began in 1969, after Tversky gave a guest lecture at one of Kahneman's seminars at Hebrew University. Their first jointly written paper, "Belief in the Law of Small Numbers," was published in 1971. They published seven journal articles in the years 1971 to 1979. They flipped a coin to determine whose name would appear first on their initial paper and alternated thereafter.{{cite news |last1=Leonhardt |first1=David |title=From Michael Lewis, the Story of Two Friends Who Changed How We Think About the Way We Think |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/06/books/review/michael-lewis-undoing-project.html |work=The New York Times |date=December 6, 2016 |url-access=subscription |access-date=March 16, 2024 |archive-date=March 15, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315184840/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/06/books/review/michael-lewis-undoing-project.html |url-status=live }} Their article "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases" introduced the notion of anchoring. Kahneman and Tversky spent an entire year at an office in the Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem, writing this paper. They spent more than three years revising an early version of prospect theory that was completed in early 1975. The final version was published in 1979 in Econometrica, the leading economic journal at the time. That paper became the most cited in economics. Its success was due to its synthesis of ideas and results discussed at the time about economic behavior under risk in a simple model, whose predictions were systematically supported by psychological experiments.

The pair also teamed with Paul Slovic to edit a compilation entitled Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (1982) that was a summary of their work and of other recent advances that had influenced their thinking. Kahneman was ultimately awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2002 "for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty".{{Cite web |title=Daniel Kahneman |url=https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Kahneman.html |access-date=March 13, 2024 |publisher=Econlib |archive-date=November 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231112033828/https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Kahneman.html |url-status=live }} In the introduction of Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman acknowledges and shares that "our collaboration on judgment and decision making was the reason for the Nobel Prize that I received in 2002, which Amos Tversky would have shared had he not died, aged fifty-nine, in 1996".{{Cite book |last=Kahneman |first=Daniel |title=Thinking, Fast and Slow |publisher=Doubleday Canada |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-385-67651-9 |pages=10 |language=English}} Kahneman left Hebrew University in 1978 to take a position at the University of British Columbia. In 2021, Kahneman co-authored a book with Olivier Sibony and Cass Sunstein, titled Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment.{{Cite book |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |title=Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment |last2=Sibony |first2=Olivier |last3=Sunstein |first3=Cass |date=May 16, 2021 |publisher=Little, Brown Spark |isbn=9780008308995 |pages=37–38 |oclc=1242782025 }}

The Harvard psychologist and author Steven Pinker said of Kahneman that: "His central message could not be more important, namely, that human reason left to its own devices is apt to engage in a number of fallacies and systematic errors, so if we want to make better decisions in our personal lives and as a society, we ought to be aware of these biases and seek workarounds. That's a powerful and important discovery."{{Cite news |last=Jr |first=Robert D. Hershey |date=March 27, 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman, Who Plumbed the Psychology of Economics, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |access-date=March 29, 2024 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327153103/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |url-status=live }}

Kahneman and Tversky both spent the academic year 1977 to 1978 at Stanford University, Kahneman as a fellow at the school's Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences interdisciplinary research lab and Tversky with a visiting appointment at the university's psychology department.{{Cite web |date=July 11, 2018 |title=CASBS in the History of Behavioral Economics |publisher= Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences |url=https://casbs.stanford.edu/casbs-history-behavioral-economics |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313204925/https://casbs.stanford.edu/casbs-history-behavioral-economics |url-status=live }} Richard Thaler was a visiting professor at the Stanford branch of the National Bureau of Economic Research during that same year. According to Kahneman: "We soon became friends, and have ever since had a considerable influence on each other's thinking." Building in part on prospect theory and Kahneman and Tversky's body of work, Thaler published "Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice" in 1980, a paper which Kahneman called "the founding text of behavioral economics". Richard Thaler obtained a grant from the Russell Sage Foundation to spend the academic year 1984 to 1985 with Kahneman at the University of British Columbia.{{Cite web |title=Daniel Kahneman and Richard Thaler on the Beginning of Behavioral Economics |publisher= RSF www.russellsage.org |url=https://www.russellsage.org/daniel-kahneman-and-richard-thaler-beginning-behavioral-economics |access-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312163343/https://www.russellsage.org/daniel-kahneman-and-richard-thaler-beginning-behavioral-economics |url-status=live }} Together with Kahneman's friend Jack Knetsch they worked on two papers on fairness and on the endowment effect.{{Cite web |title=In Remembrance |url=https://www.benefitcostanalysis.org/in-remembrance |access-date=March 12, 2024 |website=www.benefitcostanalysis.org |archive-date=November 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111035543/https://www.benefitcostanalysis.org/in-remembrance |url-status=live }}

From 1979 to 1986, Kahneman published multiple articles and chapters.{{Cite web |title=Publications |url=https://kahneman.scholar.princeton.edu/publications |access-date=March 12, 2024 |website=Daniel Kahneman |language=en |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312165329/https://kahneman.scholar.princeton.edu/publications |url-status=live }} Kahneman published one chapter during the years 1987 to 1989.{{Cite book |last=Kahneman |first=Daniel |date=1988 |volume=314 |editor-last=Tietz |editor-first=Reinhard |editor2-last=Albers |editor2-first=Wulf |editor3-last=Selten |editor3-first=Reinhard |title=Bounded Rational Behavior in Experimental Games and Markets |publisher=Springer |pages=11–18 |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-48356-1_2 |isbn=9783642483561 }} A few papers on decision making appeared after that hiatus, notably cumulative prospect theory, and an explanation of risk-taking by unrealistic "bold forecasts", but the focus of Kahneman's research from that time was the study of subjective experience.{{Cite journal |last1=Tversky |first1=Amos |last2=Kahneman |first2=Daniel |date=October 1, 1992 |title=Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00122574 |journal=Journal of Risk and Uncertainty |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=297–323 |doi=10.1007/BF00122574 |issn=1573-0476|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Lovallo |first2=Dan |date=1993 |title=Timid Choices and Bold Forecasts: A Cognitive Perspective on Risk Taking |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2661517 |journal=Management Science |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=17–31 |doi=10.1287/mnsc.39.1.17 |jstor=2661517 |s2cid=53685999 |issn=0025-1909 |access-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312163342/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2661517 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}

Economists distinguish experienced utility—in the sense of Jeremy Bentham and utilitarianism—from decision utility, which is the utility explained by and derived from choices.{{cite book |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |title=Thinking, Fast and Slow |date=2011 |publisher=Farrar, Straus & Giroux |isbn=9780374533557}}{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=D. |last2=Wakker |first2=P. P. |last3=Sarin |first3=R. |date=May 1, 1997 |title=Back to Bentham? Explorations of Experienced Utility |url=https://doi.org/10.1162/003355397555235 |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |volume=112 |issue=2 |pages=375–406 |doi=10.1162/003355397555235 |hdl=1765/23011 |issn=0033-5533|hdl-access=free }} The experienced utility of an episode is formalized as the temporal integration of momentary utility.

Kahneman further distinguished the expected utility from both remembered and predicted utility. Predicted utility (better known as affective forecasting){{Citation |last1=Wilson |first1=Timothy D |title=Affective Forecasting |date=2003 |pages=345–411 |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(03)01006-2 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/s0065-2601(03)01006-2 |last2=Gilbert |first2=Daniel T|series=Advances in Experimental Social Psychology |volume=35 |isbn=978-0-12-015235-3 |url-access=subscription }} is the predicted experienced utility for a future experience.{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Snell |first2=Jackie |date=July 1992 |title=Predicting a changing taste: Do people know what they will like? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bdm.3960050304 |journal=Journal of Behavioral Decision Making |language=en |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=187–200 |doi=10.1002/bdm.3960050304 |issn=0894-3257 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164704/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bdm.3960050304 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }} Remembered utility is the evaluation of a past experience. The essential finding of many experiments is that memories of experienced utility are systematically inaccurate. Furthermore, the remembered evaluation of past episodes (remembered utility) is the best predictor of subsequent decision utility.{{Cite journal |last1=Fredrickson |first1=Barbara L. |last2=Kahneman |first2=Daniel |date=1993 |title=Duration neglect in retrospective evaluations of affective episodes |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.65.1.45 |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=45–55 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.65.1.45 |pmid=8355141 |s2cid=10576590 |issn=1939-1315 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327184532/https://scholar.google.com/scholar_casa?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpsycnet.apa.org%2FdoiLanding%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0022-3514.65.1.45%26 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Fredrickson |first2=Barbara L. |last3=Schreiber |first3=Charles A. |last4=Redelmeier |first4=Donald A. |date=November 1993 |title=When More Pain Is Preferred to Less: Adding a Better End |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00589.x |journal=Psychological Science |language=en |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=401–405 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00589.x |s2cid=8032668 |issn=0956-7976 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326045404/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00589.x |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Redelmeier |first1=Donald A |last2=Kahneman |first2=Daniel |date=July 1996 |title=Patients' memories of painful medical treatments: real-time and retrospective evaluations of two minimally invasive procedures |url=https://journals.lww.com/00006396-199607000-00002 |journal=Pain |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=3–8 |doi=10.1016/0304-3959(96)02994-6 |pmid=8857625 |s2cid=1522819 |issn=0304-3959 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327184531/https://journals.lww.com/pain/abstract/1996/07000/patients__memories_of_painful_medical_treatments_.2.aspx |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}

One of the cognitive biases of remembered utility is called the peak–end rule. It affects how people remember the pleasantness or unpleasantness of experiences. It states that a person's overall impression of past events is determined, for the most part, not by the total pleasure and suffering it contained, but by how it felt at its peak and at its end.{{cite journal |last1=Do |first1=Amy M. |last2=Rupert |first2=Alexander V. |last3=Wolford |first3=George |date=February 1, 2008 |title=Evaluations of pleasurable experiences: The peak–end rule |journal=Psychonomic Bulletin & Review |language=en |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=96–98 |doi=10.3758/PBR.15.1.96 |issn=1531-5320 |pmid=18605486 |doi-access=free}} For example, the memory of a painful colonoscopy is improved if the examination is extended by three minutes in which the scope is still inside but not moved anymore, resulting in a moderately uncomfortable sensation. This extended colonoscopy, despite involving more pain overall, is remembered less negatively due to the reduced pain at the end. This even increases the likelihood for the patient to return for subsequent procedures.{{cite journal |last1=Redelmeier |first1=Donald A. |last2=Katz |first2=Joel |last3=Kahneman |first3=Daniel |date=July 2003 |title=Memories of colonoscopy: a randomized trial |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12855328/ |journal=Pain |volume=104 |issue=1–2 |pages=187–194 |doi=10.1016/s0304-3959(03)00003-4 |issn=0304-3959 |pmid=12855328 |s2cid=206055276 |hdl-access=free |hdl=10315/7959 |access-date=February 23, 2021 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414040902/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12855328/ |url-status=live }}

The analysis of the experienced utility of short episodes readily extends to the broader notion of happiness. This connection led Kahneman, together with Ed Diener and Norbert Schwarz to organize a workshop, which yielded a book that covered a range of topics in hedonic psychology, which they defined as "the study of what makes experiences and life pleasant or unpleasant.{{Cite book |title=Well-being: the foundations of hedonic psychology |date=1999 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |isbn=9780871544247 |editor-last=Kahneman |editor-first=Daniel |editor-last2=Diener |editor-first2=Ed |editor-last3=Schwarz |editor-first3=Norbert}} It is concerned with feelings of pleasure and pain, of interest and boredom, of joy and sorrow, and of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. It is also concerned with the whole range of circumstances, from the biological to the societal, that occasion suffering and enjoyment.

Most studies of well-being use retrospective questions such as "How happy are you these days?". A smaller number of studies use experience sampling, in which people are probed at random times during the day, and asked to rate their experience of the present moment. Much later (source TED talk) Kahneman described this distinction in terms of two selves: the experiencing self, which is aware of pleasure and pain as they are happening, and the remembering self, which shows the aggregate pleasure and pain over an extended period of time.{{Citation |last=Kahneman |first=Daniel |title=The riddle of experience vs. memory |date=March 1, 2010 |url=https://www.ted.com/talks/daniel_kahneman_the_riddle_of_experience_vs_memory |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=November 4, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104150221/http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/daniel_kahneman_the_riddle_of_experience_vs_memory.html |url-status=live }}

Kahneman initially believed that the happiness of the experiencing self is the true measure of well-being. Around 2000, he assembled a team consisting of Alan Krueger, David Schkade, Norbert Schwarz and Arthur Stone. The mission of the team was to create a measure of experienced happiness that economists could take seriously. As a more practical substitute to the experience sampling techniques of the time, the team developed The Day-Reconstruction Method, in which participants described the day as a sequence of episodes, and rated the experience on several affective dimensions.{{Cite journal |last1=Stone |first1=Arthur A. |last2=Schwartz |first2=Joseph E. |last3=Schkade |first3=David |last4=Schwarz |first4=Norbert |last5=Krueger |first5=Alan |last6=Kahneman |first6=Daniel |date=2006 |title=A population approach to the study of emotion: Diurnal rhythms of a working day examined with the day reconstruction method. |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1528-3542.6.1.139 |journal=Emotion |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=139–149 |doi=10.1037/1528-3542.6.1.139 |pmid=16637757 |issn=1931-1516 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327184528/https://psycnet.apa.org/api/request/session.refresh |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Krueger |first2=Alan B |date=February 1, 2006 |title=Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being |url=https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/10.1257/089533006776526030 |journal=Journal of Economic Perspectives |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=3–24 |doi=10.1257/089533006776526030 |issn=0895-3309 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327184354/https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/089533006776526030 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }} Kahneman also participated in the formulation of the well-being module of the Gallup World Poll.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=February 10, 2005 |title=Are You Happy Now? |url=https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/14872/Happy-Now.aspx |access-date=March 13, 2024 |website=Gallup.com |language=en |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313175106/https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/14872/Happy-Now.aspx |url-status=live }} The effort to measure experienced happiness was only partly successful. Measures of affect are routinely included in well-being questionnaires, but the idea that experienced happiness is the better concept did not hold. Kahneman defined happiness in terms of "what I experience here and now",{{Cite news |title=Why Nobel Prize Winner Daniel Kahneman Gave Up on Happiness |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2018-10-07/ty-article-magazine/.premium/why-nobel-prize-winner-daniel-kahneman-gave-up-on-happiness/0000017f-e650-df5f-a17f-ffde36ed0000 |access-date=January 20, 2023 |publisher=Haaretz |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120102744/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2018-10-07/ty-article-magazine/.premium/why-nobel-prize-winner-daniel-kahneman-gave-up-on-happiness/0000017f-e650-df5f-a17f-ffde36ed0000 |url-status=live }} but says that in reality humans pursue life satisfaction,{{Citation |title=Daniel Kahneman on wellbeing and how to measure it {{!}} University of Oxford 2022 | date=October 7, 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf8rLu6vKgM |access-date=November 16, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=November 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116164022/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rf8rLu6vKgM |url-status=live }} which "is connected to a large degree to social yardsticks—achieving goals, meeting expectations".{{Cite news |last=Mandel |first=Amir |date=October 7, 2018 |title=Why Nobel Prize Winner Daniel Kahneman Gave Up on Happiness |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium.MAGAZINE-why-nobel-prize-winner-daniel-kahneman-gave-up-on-happiness-1.6528513 |newspaper=Haaretz |access-date=December 29, 2018 |archive-date=October 8, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008135016/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium.MAGAZINE-why-nobel-prize-winner-daniel-kahneman-gave-up-on-happiness-1.6528513 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Livni |first=Ephrat |date=December 21, 2018 |title=A Nobel Prize-winning psychologist says most people don't really want to be happy |url=https://qz.com/1503207/a-nobel-prize-winning-psychologist-defines-happiness-versus-satisfaction/ |website=Quartz |access-date=December 29, 2018 |archive-date=April 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417094658/https://qz.com/1503207/a-nobel-prize-winning-psychologist-defines-happiness-versus-satisfaction/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web|url=https://fs.blog/knowledge-podcast/daniel-kahneman/|title=Daniel Kahneman: Putting Your Intuition on Ice [The Knowledge Project Ep. #68]|access-date=October 15, 2021|archive-date=October 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026204816/https://fs.blog/knowledge-podcast/daniel-kahneman/|url-status=live}}

With David Schkade, Kahneman developed the notion of the focusing illusion to explain in part the mistakes people make when estimating the effects of different scenarios on their future happiness (also known as affective forecasting, which has been studied extensively by Daniel Gilbert). The "illusion" occurs when people consider the impact of one specific factor on their overall happiness, they tend to greatly exaggerate the importance of that factor, while overlooking the numerous other factors that would in most cases have a greater impact.{{cite journal |last1=Schkade |first1=David A. |author1-link= |last2=Kahneman |first2=Daniel |date=May 6, 2016 |title=Does Living in California Make People Happy? A Focusing Illusion in Judgments of Life Satisfaction |url=http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/biases/9_Psychological_Science_340_(Schkade).pdf |journal=Psychological Science |language=en |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=340–346 |doi=10.1111/1467-9280.00066 |issn=1467-9280 |s2cid=14091201 |access-date=February 26, 2021 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125075931/http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/biases/9_Psychological_Science_340_(Schkade).pdf |url-status=live }} In what has been considered his most famous dictum,{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=There are three sides to every story |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/there-are-three-sides-to-every-story/ |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=The Spectator Australia |language=en-US}} Kahneman described the illusion in Thinking, Fast and Slow, writing: “Nothing in life is as important as you think it is when you are thinking about it.”

A good example is provided by Kahneman and Schkade's 1998 paper, "Does living in California make people happy? A focusing illusion in judgments of life satisfaction". In that paper, students in the Midwest and in California reported similar levels of life satisfaction, but the Midwesterners thought their Californian peers would be happier. The only distinguishing information the Midwestern students had when making these judgments was the fact that their hypothetical peers lived in California. Thus, they "focused" on this distinction, thereby overestimating the effect of the weather in California on its residents' satisfaction with life.

Kahneman taught at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem from 1970–1978. He then became a professor at the University of British Columbia, leaving in 1986. Next, he taught at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1986 to 1994.{{Cite web |title=Daniel Kahneman |url=https://kahneman.scholar.princeton.edu/ |access-date=November 20, 2023 |website=kahneman.scholar.princeton.edu |archive-date=November 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120052616/https://kahneman.scholar.princeton.edu/ |url-status=live }} Thereafter, Kahneman was a senior scholar and faculty member emeritus at Princeton University's Department of Psychology and Princeton School of Public and International Affairs. He was also a fellow at Hebrew University and a Gallup Senior Scientist.

Kahneman and Amos Tversky's collaboration helped launch the field of behavioral economics.{{Cite journal |last=Shafir |first=Eldar |date=2024-05-03 |title=Daniel Kahneman obituary: psychologist who revolutionized the way we think about thinking |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=629 |issue=8012 |pages=526 |doi=10.1038/d41586-024-01344-6|doi-access=free |bibcode=2024Natur.629..526S }}

Kahneman and Tversky first crossed paths in the Psychology department at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1968.{{Cite magazine |last1=Sunstein |first1=Cass R. |last2=Thaler |first2=Richard |date=2016-12-07 |title=The Two Friends Who Changed How We Think About How We Think |url=https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-two-friends-who-changed-how-we-think-about-how-we-think |access-date=2024-05-13 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US |issn=0028-792X}} In the period between 1971 and 1979 they published work on judgment and decision-making that led to Kahneman winning the Nobel Prize. During this period they were described as “inseparable” and as “soul mates”.

After leaving Israel in 1978 and accepting positions at different universities, the intensity and exclusivity of their earlier period of joint collaboration was reduced. According to Kahneman the collaboration "tapered off" in the early 1980s, although they tried to revive it, but the period when Kahneman published almost exclusively with Tversky ended in 1983, when he published two papers with Anne Treisman, his wife since 1978. Factors contributing to this estrangement included Tversky receiving most of the external credit for the output of the partnership, and a reduction in the generosity with which Tversky and Kahneman interacted with each other,Michael Lewis. "The Undoing Project: A Friendship that Changed the World". Penguin, 2016 (ISBN 9780141983035) leading Kahneman to say, “I eventually divorced him”. However, they would continue to publish together until the end of Tversky's life, and worked together on the introduction to an edited collection of papers related to their work during the last six month's of Tversky's life.

Kahneman was first married to Irah Kahn, with whom he had two children, when they were students. Kahneman's daughter, Lenore Shoham, who works in technology, collaborated with her father on his Nobel lecture.{{Cite web|url = https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview|title = Daniel Kahneman: 'What would I eliminate if I had a magic wand? Overconfidence'|publisher = TheGuardian.com|date = July 18, 2015|access-date = March 24, 2019|archive-date = April 14, 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210414020453/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview|url-status = live}}{{Cite web |last=Kahneman |first=Daniel |date=December 8, 2002 |title=Maps of Bounded Rationality: A Perspective on Intuitive Judgement and Choice |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/kahnemann-lecture.pdf |publisher=nobelprize.org/ |access-date=November 20, 2023 |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216164826/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/kahnemann-lecture.pdf |url-status=live }} His son, Michael Kahneman, has schizophrenia; Kahneman was quoted as saying that Michael "would have been a very brilliant economist."{{cite news |last1=Hershey |first1=Robert D. |title=Daniel Kahneman, Who Plumbed the Psychology of Economics, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |access-date=31 March 2024 |work=New York Times |date=27 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329181758/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html |archive-date=29 March 2024}} They were later divorced.

From 1978 until her death in 2018 he was married to the cognitive psychologist Anne Treisman. They lived part-time in Berkeley, California.{{Cite episode | title = How do we really make decisions? | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-26258662 | access-date = February 19, 2019 | series = Horizon | series-link = List_of_Horizon_episodes#Series_50:_2013–2014 | network = BBC | station = BBC Two | date = February 24, 2014 | series-no = 2013-2014 | number = 9 | time = 00:20:13 | archive-date = April 17, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210417094657/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-26258662 | url-status = live }}{{cite news |last=Shariatmadari |first=David |title=A life in ... Interview Daniel Kahneman: 'What would I eliminate if I had a magic wand? Overconfidence' |work=The Guardian |date=July 15, 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview |access-date=March 24, 2019 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414020453/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview |url-status=live }} From 2020, he lived in New York City with Barbara Tversky, the widow of his long-time collaborator Amos Tversky.{{cite web |last1=Levitt |first1=Steven D. |title=Daniel Kahneman on Why Our Judgment is Flawed — and What to Do About It (26:20) |url=https://freakonomics.com/podcast/pima-daniel-kahneman/ |publisher=People I (Mostly) Admire |access-date=May 15, 2021 |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515121902/https://freakonomics.com/podcast/pima-daniel-kahneman/ |url-status=live }}

Kahneman's paternal uncle was Rabbi Yosef Shlomo Kahaneman, the head of the Ponevezh Yeshiva.

In 2015, Kahneman said he had always been "far on the left of the spectrum in Israeli politics" and that he had "hated the notion of occupation since the very beginning". He described himself as a very hard worker, "a worrier" and "not a jolly person", who is "quite capable of great enjoyment, and I've had a great life".{{Cite web |last=Shariatmadari |first=David |date=July 18, 2015 |title=Daniel Kahneman 'What Would I Eliminate if I Had a Magic Wand? Overconfidence': Interview |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414041807/https://amp.theguardian.com/books/2015/jul/18/daniel-kahneman-books-interview |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |access-date=November 11, 2020 |website=The Guardian}} Richard Thaler called his close friend an "avid pessimist." Thaler, a self-described optimist stated that he failed to convince Kahneman to spend less time worrying as Kahneman "claimed this was rational because he would not be disappointed as much with the outcomes of life."{{Cite web |last=Horsley |first=Scott |author-link=Scott Horsley |date=March 27, 2024 |title=Best-selling Psychologist of 'thinking, Fast and Slow,' Dies at 90 |url=https://www.npr.org/people/2788801/scott-horsley |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328004700/https://www.npr.org/2024/03/27/1241206604/thinking-fast-slow-psychology-behavioral-economics-daniel-kahneman-obit-nobel |archive-date=March 28, 2024 |access-date=March 16, 2025 |website=NPR}}

Kahneman died by assisted suicide on March 27, 2024, three weeks after his 90th birthday, in Switzerland, though the manner and location of his death was only revealed in March 2025.{{Cite web |last=Zweig |first=Jason |author-link=Jason Zweig |date=March 14, 2025 |title=The Last Decision by the World’s Leading Thinker on Decisions |url=https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/books/daniel-kahneman-assisted-suicide-9fb16124 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250322175333/https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/books/daniel-kahneman-assisted-suicide-9fb16124 |archive-date=March 22, 2025 |access-date=March 15, 2025 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}

Given his personal experience with dementia, from which his wife Anne Treisman had suffered, Kahneman received assistance from the Swiss organization Pegasos, and died in the municipality of Nunningen, Switzerland.{{Cite news |title=Nunningen SO: Nobelpreisträger kam für Sterbehilfe in die Schweiz |last=Boscovic |first=Antun |date=2025-03-25 |url=https://www.nau.ch/news/schweiz/nunningen-so-nobelpreistrager-kam-fur-sterbehilfe-in-die-schweiz-66943858 |trans-title=Nunningen SO: Nobel laureate came to Switzerland for euthanasia |language=de |quote=Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman was a world-renowned psychologist. At the age of 90, he came to Switzerland to die voluntarily – out of fear of dementia.}}

Former colleague and Princeton faculty member Eldar Shafir said that Kahneman "was a giant in the field" and that "many areas in the social sciences simply have not been the same since he arrived on the scene. He will be greatly missed".{{Cite web |last=Saxon |first=Jamie |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman, pioneering behavioral psychologist, Nobel laureate and 'giant in the field,' dies at 90 |url=https://www.princeton.edu/news/2024/03/28/daniel-kahneman-pioneering-behavioral-psychologist-nobel-laureate-and-giant-field |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=Princeton University}}{{Cite news |last=Guardian staff and Agencies |date=March 28, 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman, Renowned Psychologist and Nobel Prize Winner, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/mar/28/daniel-kahneman-death-age-90-psychologist-nobel-prize-winner-bio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328152609/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/mar/28/daniel-kahneman-death-age-90-psychologist-nobel-prize-winner-bio |archive-date=March 28, 2024 |access-date=March 28, 2024 |newspaper=The Guardian}} Behavioural economist Richard Thaler said Kahneman's work was "one of the most important accomplishments of 20th century science," and added, "It's hard to think of any psychologist whose work has influenced so many different fields".{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejc.com/news/world/nobel-prize-winning-psychologist-daniel-kahneman-dies-aged-90-k0rbpx1r|title=Nobel Prize-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman dies aged 90|first=Eliana|last=Jordan|website=www.thejc.com|access-date=March 29, 2024|archive-date=March 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328023628/https://www.thejc.com/news/world/nobel-prize-winning-psychologist-daniel-kahneman-dies-aged-90-k0rbpx1r|url-status=live}} Kahneman and Tversky were “the founders of our field”, said Ulrike Malmendier, a behavioral economist and member of the German official council of economic experts.{{Cite web |last1=Sandbu |first1=Martin |date=March 29, 2024 |title=Daniel Kahneman, Nobel Prize-winning psychologist, 1934-2024 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/bcd76311-0bdf-4e53-9af7-2d720a35eaa1 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240402165922/https://www.ft.com/content/bcd76311-0bdf-4e53-9af7-2d720a35eaa1 |archive-date=April 2, 2024 |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=The Financial Times}}

• In 1982, he received (joint with Amos Tversky), the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions from the American Psychological Association{{Cite web|url=https://www.apa.org/about/awards/scientific-contributions?tab=3|title=APA Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions|website=www.apa.org|access-date=March 11, 2024|archive-date=September 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928044039/https://www.apa.org/about/awards/scientific-contributions.aspx?tab=3|url-status=live}}
• In 1992, he received the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the Society for Consumer Psychology{{Cite web |title=Distinguished Scientific Contribution |url=https://myscp.org/awards/dsc-2/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Society for Consumer Psychology |language=en-US |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://myscp.org/awards/dsc-2/ |url-status=live }}
• In 1995, he was selected for the [https://apadiv1.org/awards-grants/apply/5tg8qboyearxv91mmm0vht/ Hilgard Award] for Lifetime Contributions to General Psychology{{Cite web |title=Apply for Awards Sponsored by Division 1 |url=https://apadiv1.org/awards-grants/apply/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=apadiv1.org |language=en |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://apadiv1.org/awards-grants/apply/ |url-status=live }}
• In 1995, he received (joint with Amos Tversky), the Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists{{Cite web |title=Warren Medal Recipients {{!}} The Society of Experimental Psychologists |url=https://www.sepsych.org/warren-medal-recipients/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |language=en-US |archive-date=December 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201035414/https://www.sepsych.org/warren-medal-recipients/ |url-status=live }}
• In 2001, he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/892035.html|title=Daniel Kahneman|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=December 1, 2016|archive-date=April 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418133305/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/892035.html|url-status=live}}
• In 2002, Kahneman received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, despite being a research psychologist, for his work in prospect theory. Kahneman stated he has never taken a single economics course – that everything that he knows of the subject he and Tversky learned from their collaborators Richard Thaler and Jack Knetsch.
• Kahneman, co-recipient with Tversky, earned the 2003 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award for Psychology.{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2003 |title=2003 – Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky – Grawemeyer Awards |url=http://grawemeyer.org/2003-daniel-kahneman-and-amos-tversky/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/http://grawemeyer.org/2003-daniel-kahneman-and-amos-tversky/ |url-status=live }}
• In 2004, he was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society.{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Daniel+Kahneman&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=June 10, 2021 |website=search.amphilsoc.org |archive-date=November 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127103436/https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Daniel+Kahneman&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |url-status=live }}
• In 2005, he received the [https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Decision-Analysis-Society/Decision-Analysis-Publication-Award Decision Analysis Publication Award] (for best paper published in 2003) by the Decision Analysis Society{{Cite web |title=Decision Analysis Publication Award |url=https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Decision-Analysis-Society/Decision-Analysis-Publication-Award |access-date=March 11, 2024 |publisher=INFORMS |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Decision-Analysis-Society/Decision-Analysis-Publication-Award |url-status=live }}
• In 2006, he received the Kampe de Feriet Award from the Society for Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty{{Cite web |title=IPMU – Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty |url=http://ipmu.lip6.fr/?KampeDeFerietAward |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=ipmu.lip6.fr |archive-date=November 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114173515/http://ipmu.lip6.fr/?KampeDeFerietAward |url-status=live }}
• In 2006, he received the Thomas Schelling Prize for intellectual contribution to public policy through the Kennedy School for Public Policy, Harvard University{{Cite web |last=gazetteimport |date=May 11, 2006 |title=Schelling and Neustadt winners named |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2006/05/schelling-and-neustadt-winners-named/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2006/05/schelling-and-neustadt-winners-named/ |url-status=live }}
• In 2006, he received (joint with Amos Tversky) the Frank P. Ramsey Medal of the Decision Analysis Society{{Cite web |last=INFORMS |title=Frank P. Ramsey Medal |url=https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Decision-Analysis-Society/Frank-P.-Ramsey-Medal |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=INFORMS |language=en-US |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203105/https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Community-Prizes/Decision-Analysis-Society/Frank-P.-Ramsey-Medal |url-status=live }}
• In 2007, he was presented with the American Psychological Association's Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology.
• In 2008, he received the John McGovern Award Lecture of The American Association for the Advancement of Science{{Cite web |date=March 11, 2024 |title=John P. McGovern Award Lecture in the Behavioral Sciences |url=https://www.aaas.org/awards/john-mcgovern-lecture |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=www.aaas.org/ |archive-date=December 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229232050/https://www.aaas.org/awards/john-mcgovern-lecture |url-status=live }}
• In 2008, Kahneman was elected to be a Corresponding Fellow at the British Academy{{Cite web |title=Psychology |url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/fellows/section/psychology/ |access-date=March 12, 2024 |website=The British Academy |language=en |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312143054/https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/fellows/section/psychology/ |url-status=live }}
• In 2010, he received the Tufts University, Leontief Prize{{Cite web |title=2010 Leontief Prize {{!}} Economics in Context Initiative |url=https://www.bu.edu/eci/about-us/leontief-prize/recipients10/ |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=www.bu.edu |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://www.bu.edu/eci/about-us/leontief-prize/recipients10/ |url-status=live }}
• In 2011, he became a Distinguished Fellow of The American Economic Association{{Cite web |title=American Economic Association |url=https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/distinguished-fellows |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=www.aeaweb.org |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905164612/https://www.aeaweb.org/honors_awards/disting_fellows.php |url-status=live }}
• In both 2011 and 2012, he made the Bloomberg 50 most influential people in global finance.{{dead link|date=March 2024}}
• On November 9, 2011, he was awarded the Talcott Parsons Prize by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.{{Cite web |date=January 1, 2012 |title=Two Systems in the Mind {{!}} American Academy of Arts and Sciences |url=https://www.amacad.org/news/two-systems-mind |access-date=March 14, 2024 |website=www.amacad.org |language=en |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://www.amacad.org/news/two-systems-mind |url-status=live }}
• His book Thinking, Fast and Slow was the winner of the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Award for Current Interest and the National Academy of Sciences Communication Award for the best book published in 2011.{{Cite web |date=September 13, 2012 |title=Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow Wins Best Book Award From Academies; Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Slate Magazine, and WGBH/NOVA Also Take Top Prizes in Awards' 10th Year |url=https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2012/09/daniel-kahnemans-thinking-fast-and-slow-wins-best-book-award-from-academies-milwaukee-journal-sentinel-slate-magazine-and-wgbh-nova-also-take-top-prizes-in-awards-10th-year |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=www.nationalacademies.org |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203105/https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2012/09/daniel-kahnemans-thinking-fast-and-slow-wins-best-book-award-from-academies-milwaukee-journal-sentinel-slate-magazine-and-wgbh-nova-also-take-top-prizes-in-awards-10th-year |url-status=live }}
• In 2012, he was accepted as corresponding academician at the Real Academia Española (Economic and Financial Sciences).
• In 2013, he received the McGovern Award in Science by the Cosmos Club{{Cite web |title=Extract from Annual Report—2013 |url=https://www.cosmosclubfoundation.org/reports/13report.html |access-date=March 11, 2024 |website=www.cosmosclubfoundation.org |archive-date=September 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925200608/http://cosmosclubfoundation.org/reports/13report.html |url-status=live }}
• In 2013, he received the SAGE-CASBS Award for Social Science{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2013 |title=2013 SAGE-CASBS Award winner Daniel Kahneman on 'Thinking, Fast and Slow' |publisher=Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences |url=https://casbs.stanford.edu/news/2013-sage-casbs-award-winner-daniel-kahneman-thinking-fast-and-slow |access-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311203104/https://casbs.stanford.edu/news/2013-sage-casbs-award-winner-daniel-kahneman-thinking-fast-and-slow |url-status=live }}
• On August 8, 2013, President Barack Obama announced that Daniel Kahneman would be a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.{{cite web | url = https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients | title = President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients | publisher = Office of the Press Secretary, The White House | date = August 8, 2013 | access-date = August 8, 2013 | archive-date = January 29, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170129133642/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients | url-status = live }}
• In December 2018, Kahneman was named a Gold Medal Honoree by The National Institute of Social Sciences.{{Cite web|url=http://www.socialsciencesinstitute.org/gold-medal-honorees|title=Gold Medal Honorees|website=The National Institute of Social Sciences|access-date=July 2, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702153336/http://www.socialsciencesinstitute.org/gold-medal-honorees|url-status=dead}}
• In 2015, The Economist listed him as the seventh most influential economist in the world.{{cite news| title = Influential economists – That ranking| url = https://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2015/01/influential-economists| newspaper = The Economist| date = January 2, 2015| access-date = April 4, 2015| archive-date = November 17, 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171117001830/https://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2015/01/influential-economists| url-status = live}}
• In 2019, Kahneman received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.{{cite web|title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|website=www.achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business|access-date=August 11, 2020|archive-date=December 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215023909/https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=2019 Summit Highlights Photo: Anthony D. Romero, Executive Director of the American Civil Liberties Union, presenting the Golden Plate Award to Dr. Daniel Kahneman, a recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics, at the 2019 International Achievement Summit.|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url=https://achievement.org/summit/2019/|access-date=October 6, 2020|archive-date=September 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919192934/https://achievement.org/summit/2019/|url-status=live}}
• In 2023, he was presented with the Helen Dinerman Award of the World Association for Public Opinion Research{{Cite web |title=The Helen Dinerman Prize |url=https://wapor.org/events/annual-conference/awards-funds/helen-dinerman-award/ |access-date=March 12, 2024 |website=World Association for Public Opinion Research |language=en-US |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312143055/https://wapor.org/events/annual-conference/awards-funds/helen-dinerman-award/ |url-status=live }}

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• 2001, University of Pennsylvania{{cite web |title=Commencement 2001: Sketches of the Honorary Degree Recipients |url=https://almanac.upenn.edu/archive/v47/n27/commencement2001.html |website=University of Pennsylvania Almanac |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309172729/https://almanac.upenn.edu/archive/v47/n27/commencement2001.html |url-status=live }}
• 2002, University of Trento{{cite web |last1=Zaninotto |first1=Enrico |title=Kahneman and Cole honorary doctors in economics |url=https://www.unitn.it/archivio/periodicounitn/periodicounitn.unitn.it/archive/periodicounitn/numero47/kahneman.html |website=www.unitn.it |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313200253/https://www.unitn.it/archivio/periodicounitn/periodicounitn.unitn.it/archive/periodicounitn/numero47/kahneman.html |url-status=live }}
• 2003, The New School{{cite web |title=NEW SCHOOL UNIVERSITY TO HOLD 67th COMMENCEMENT CEREMONY ON WEDNESDAY, MAY 21, 2003 AT 2:30 PM AT THE THEATER AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN |url=https://www.newschool.edu/pressroom/pressreleases/2003/051303_nsu_commence.html |website=www.newschool.edu |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313201815/https://www.newschool.edu/pressroom/pressreleases/2003/051303_nsu_commence.html |url-status=live }}
• 2003, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev{{cite web |title=Honorary Doctorates |url=https://in.bgu.ac.il/en/Pages/hondoc.aspx |website=in.bgu.ac.il |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313201816/https://in.bgu.ac.il/en/Pages/hondoc.aspx |url-status=live }}
• 2004, Harvard University{{cite web |title=History of honorary degrees |url=https://www.harvard.edu/about/history/honorary-degrees/ |website=www.harvard.edu |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 15, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315001857/https://www.harvard.edu/about/history/honorary-degrees/ |url-status=live }}
• 2004, The University of East Anglia{{cite web |title=Honorary Graduates |url=https://www.uea.ac.uk/web/about/alumni-and-supporters/graduation/honorary-graduates/-/categories/3687546 |website=www.uea.ac.uk |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313201816/https://www.uea.ac.uk/web/about/alumni-and-supporters/graduation/honorary-graduates/-/categories/3687546 |url-status=live }}
• 2004, University of British Columbia{{cite web |title=Honorary degrees – chronological |url=https://archives.library.ubc.ca/heraldry-congregation-graduation/honorary-degrees-conferred-by-ubc/honorary-degrees-chronological/ |website=archives.library.ubc.ca |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142838/https://archives.library.ubc.ca/heraldry-congregation-graduation/honorary-degrees-conferred-by-ubc/honorary-degrees-chronological/ |url-status=live }}
• 2005, University of Milan{{cite web |title=Honorary degrees and doctorates |url=https://en.unimib.it/about-us/university/our-history/honorary-master%E2%80%99s-degree |website=en.unimib.it |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313201818/https://en.unimib.it/about-us/university/our-history/honorary-master%E2%80%99s-degree |url-status=live }}
• 2006, Université de Paris I{{cite web |title=Les DHC |url=https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/universite/presentation/dhc |website=www.pantheonsorbonne.fr |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313201817/https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/universite/presentation/dhc |url-status=live }}
• 2006, University of Alberta{{cite web |title=Honorary degree recipients named |url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/~publicas/folio/43/16/14.html |website=sites.ualberta.ca |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203450/https://sites.ualberta.ca/~publicas/folio/43/16/14.html |url-status=live }}
• 2007, University of Rome La Sapienza{{cite web |title=Bilancio sociale 2017 |url=https://www.uniroma1.it/sites/default/files/field_file_allegati/bilanciosociale2017_0.pdf |website=www.uniroma1.it |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203451/https://www.uniroma1.it/sites/default/files/field_file_allegati/bilanciosociale2017_0.pdf |url-status=live }}
• 2009, Erasmus University{{cite web |title=Honorary doctorates |url=https://www.eur.nl/en/about-eur/organisation-administration/tradition-and-history/honorary-doctorates |website=www.eur.nl |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023095201/https://www.eur.nl/en/about-eur/organisation-administration/tradition-and-history/honorary-doctorates |url-status=live }}
• 2009, Georgetown University{{cite web |title=Honorary degree recipients |url=https://governance.georgetown.edu/honorary-degrees-list/ |website=governance.georgetown.edu |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=September 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924145306/https://governance.georgetown.edu/honorary-degrees-list/ |url-status=live }}
• 2010, University of Michigan{{cite web |title=Main Speaker Daniel Kahneman |url=https://news.umich.edu/main-speaker-daniel-kahneman/ |website=news.umich.edu |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203450/https://news.umich.edu/main-speaker-daniel-kahneman/ |url-status=live }}
• 2011, Carnegie-Mellon University{{cite web |title=CMU To Award Five Honorary Degrees * 2011, Honorary Fellow, Ruppin Academic Center www.ruppin.ac.il

|url=https://www.cmu.edu/piper/news/archives/2012/may/honorary-degrees.html |website=www.cmu.edu |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212055912/https://www.cmu.edu/piper/news/archives/2012/may/honorary-degrees.html |url-status=live }}

• 2013, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai{{cite web |title=Mount Sinai Honors Innovators in Scientific Research and Health Care Philanthropy at 2013 Commencement |url=https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2013/mount-sinai-honors-innovators-in-scientific-research-and-health-care-philanthropy-at-2013-commencement |website=www.mountsinai.org |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203451/https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2013/mount-sinai-honors-innovators-in-scientific-research-and-health-care-philanthropy-at-2013-commencement |url-status=live }}
• 2013, Cambridge University{{cite web |title=Selected honorands |url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/about-the-university/how-the-university-and-colleges-work/processes/honorary-degrees/selected-honorands |website=www.cam.ac.uk |date=February 22, 2013 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103124821/https://www.cam.ac.uk/about-the-university/how-the-university-and-colleges-work/processes/honorary-degrees/selected-honorands |url-status=live }}
• 2014, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem{{cite web |title=Honorary Doctorates |url=https://www3.huji.ac.il/htbin/hon_doc/doc_search.pl?search |website=www3.huji.ac.il |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=June 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606133240/https://www3.huji.ac.il/htbin/hon_doc/doc_search.pl?search |url-status=live }}
• 2014, Yale University{{cite web |title=Yale awards 12 honorary degrees at 2014 graduation |url=https://news.yale.edu/2014/05/19/yale-awards-12-honorary-degrees-2014-graduation |website=news.yale.edu |date=May 19, 2014 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190312103204/https://news.yale.edu/2014/05/19/yale-awards-12-honorary-degrees-2014-graduation |url-status=live }}
• 2015, McGill University{{cite web |title=McGill to award 16 honorary degrees |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-award-16-honorary-degrees%E2%80%A8-247695 |website=www.mcgill.ca |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203450/https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-award-16-honorary-degrees%E2%80%A8-247695 |url-status=live }}
• 2016, Stellenbosch University{{cite web |title=SU to honour foremost thought leaders |url=https://www.sun.ac.za/english/archive/Lists/English_News_Archive_110518/DispForm.aspx?ID=3151&ContentTypeId=0x010019F8BC5373DFA740B008FC720EA25DE601008842D5DFBB60F541BF61E7750F3D6BA5 |website=www.sun.ac.za |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203454/https://www.sun.ac.za/english/archive/Lists/English_News_Archive_110518/DispForm.aspx?ID=3151&ContentTypeId=0x010019F8BC5373DFA740B008FC720EA25DE601008842D5DFBB60F541BF61E7750F3D6BA5 |url-status=live }}
• 2016, University of Haifa{{cite web |title=Honorary Degrees |url=https://bog.haifa.ac.il/awards/ |website=bog.haifa.ac.il |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=February 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225195429/https://bog.haifa.ac.il/awards/ |url-status=live }}
• 2021, HEC Paris{{cite web |title=NOBEL LAUREATE AND HEC PARIS DOCTOR HONORIS CAUSA KAHNEMAN : "I'M A CHEERFUL PESSIMIST" |url=https://www.hec.edu/en/overview/news/nobel-laureate-and-hec-paris-doctor-honoris-causa-kahneman-i-m-cheerful-pessimist |website=www.hec.edu |date=October 12, 2021 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313203451/https://www.hec.edu/en/overview/news/nobel-laureate-and-hec-paris-doctor-honoris-causa-kahneman-i-m-cheerful-pessimist |url-status=live }}
• 2023, York University{{cite web |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |url=https://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |website=www.yorku.ca |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=September 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905123737/https://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |url-status=live }}

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• Anchoring-and-adjusting{{Cite journal |last=Teovanović |first=Predrag |date=February 28, 2019 |title=Individual Differences in Anchoring Effect: Evidence for the Role of Insufficient Adjustment |journal=Europe's Journal of Psychology |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=8–24 |doi=10.5964/ejop.v15i1.1691 |issn=1841-0413 |pmc=6396698 |pmid=30915170}}
• Attribute substitution{{Cite web |title=APA PsycNet |url=https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-02858-002 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=psycnet.apa.org |archive-date=October 19, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019012151/https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-02858-002 |url-status=live }}
• Availability heuristic{{Cite book |title=Heuristics and biases: the psychology of intuitive judgment |date=2013 |publisher=Cambridge Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-521-79679-8 |editor-last=Gilovich |editor-first=Thomas }}
• Base rate fallacy{{Cite web |title=Base Rate Fallacy |url=https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/base-rate-fallacy |access-date=March 29, 2024 |website=The Decision Lab |language=en |archive-date=February 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214212432/https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/base-rate-fallacy |url-status=live }}
• Cognitive bias{{Cite web |title=Cognitive Bias – an overview |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/cognitive-bias |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=www.sciencedirect.com |archive-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329013624/https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/cognitive-bias |url-status=live }}
• Conjunction fallacy{{Cite journal |last1=Wolford |first1=George |last2=Taylor |first2=Holly A. |last3=Beck |first3=Robert |title=The Conjunction Fallacy |url=https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03202645.pdf |journal=Memory & Cognition |date=1990 |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=47–53 |doi=10.3758/BF03202645 |pmid=2314227 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-date=January 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121060806/http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03202645.pdf |url-status=live }}
• Dictator game{{Cite journal |last=Pressman |first=Steven |date=June 2006 |title=Kahneman, Tversky, and Institutional Economics |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00213624.2006.11506929 |journal=Journal of Economic Issues |language=en |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=501–506 |doi=10.1080/00213624.2006.11506929 |issn=0021-3624 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329122615/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00213624.2006.11506929 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}
• Framing (social sciences){{Cite web |title=Framing Effect – an overview |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/framing-effect |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=www.sciencedirect.com |archive-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329014617/https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/framing-effect |url-status=live }}
• Loss aversion{{Cite web |last=BehavioralEconomics.com |title=Loss aversion |url=https://www.behavioraleconomics.com/resources/mini-encyclopedia-of-be/loss-aversion/ |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=BehavioralEconomics.com |archive-date=February 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211172806/https://www.behavioraleconomics.com/resources/mini-encyclopedia-of-be/loss-aversion/ |url-status=live }}
• Optimism bias{{Cite web |title=Optimism Bias |url=https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/optimism-bias |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=The Decision Lab |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929164736/https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/optimism-bias |url-status=live }}
• Peak–end rule{{Cite web |last=Ph.D |first=Jeremy Sutton |date=March 3, 2019 |title=What Is the Peak End Rule and How to Use It Smartly |url=https://positivepsychology.com/what-is-peak-end-theory/ |access-date=March 29, 2024 |website=PositivePsychology.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126151100/https://positivepsychology.com/what-is-peak-end-theory/ |url-status=live }}
• Planning fallacy{{Cite news |last=Anthony |first=Scott D. |date=August 1, 2012 |title=The Planning Fallacy and the Innovator's Dilemma |url=https://hbr.org/2012/08/the-planning-fallacy-and-the-i |access-date=March 29, 2024 |work=Harvard Business Review |issn=0017-8012 |archive-date=June 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608175107/https://hbr.org/2012/08/the-planning-fallacy-and-the-i |url-status=live }}
• Prospect theory{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Tversky |first2=Amos |date=1979 |title=Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1914185 |journal=Econometrica |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=263–291 |doi=10.2307/1914185 |jstor=1914185 |issn=0012-9682 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-date=March 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328090921/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1914185 |url-status=live }}
• Cumulative prospect theory{{Cite journal |last1=Tversky |first1=Amos |last2=Kahneman |first2=Daniel |date=October 1, 1992 |title=Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00122574 |journal=Journal of Risk and Uncertainty |language=en |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=297–323 |doi=10.1007/BF00122574 |issn=1573-0476 |access-date=March 12, 2024 |archive-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329122617/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00122574 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}
• Reference class forecasting{{Cite web |title=Reference Class Forecasting – Definition and examples |url=https://conceptually.org/concepts/reference-class-forecasting |access-date=March 29, 2024 |website=Conceptually |language=en-US |archive-date=March 9, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309003002/https://conceptually.org/concepts/reference-class-forecasting |url-status=live }}
• Representativeness heuristic{{Cite web |title=Representativeness Heuristic |url=https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/representativeness-heuristic |access-date=March 29, 2024 |website=The Decision Lab |language=en |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206015335/https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/representativeness-heuristic |url-status=live }}
• Simulation heuristic{{Cite web |title=simulation heuristic |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100507516 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |publisher=Oxford Reference |archive-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329014552/https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100507516 |url-status=live }}
• Status quo bias{{Cite journal |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Knetsch |first2=Jack L. |last3=Thaler |first3=Richard H. |date=1991 |title=Anomalies: The Endowment Effect, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1942711 |journal=The Journal of Economic Perspectives |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=193–206 |doi=10.1257/jep.5.1.193 |jstor=1942711 |issn=0895-3309 |access-date=March 29, 2024 |archive-date=September 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902221421/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1942711 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}

{{div col end}}

• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |year=1973 |title=Attention and Effort |publisher=Prentice-Hall }}
• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |last2= Slovic |first2= Paul |last3= Tversky |first3= Amos |year=1982 |title=Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}
• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |last2= Diener |first2= E. |last3= Schwarz |first3= N. |year=1999 |title=Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation }}
• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |last2= Tversky |first2= Amos |year=2000 |title=Choices, Values and Frames |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}
• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |last2= Gilovich |first2= Thomas |last3= Griffin |first3= Dale |year=2002 |title=Heuristics and Biases: The Psychology of Intuitive Judgment |publisher= Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521792608}}
• {{Cite book |last1= Kahneman |first1= Daniel |year=2011 |title=Thinking, Fast and Slow |title-link=Thinking, Fast and Slow |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |isbn=9780374275631}} (Reviewed by Freeman Dyson in The New York Review of Books, December 22, 2011, pp. 40–44)
• {{Cite book |last1=Kahneman |first1=Daniel |last2=Sibony |first2=Olivier |last3=Sunstein |first3=Cass R. |year=2021 |title=Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment |title-link=Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment |publisher=William Collins |isbn=9780008308995}}

{{Portal|Philosophy|Psychology|Biography|Business and economics}}

• Fooled by Randomness
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{{Reflist|30em|refs=

{{cite web | title = The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers. 71 Daniel Kahneman | url = https://foreignpolicy.com/2011/11/28/the-fp-top-100-global-thinkers-4/ | publisher = foreignpolicy.com | date = November 28, 2011 | access-date = November 3, 2012 | archive-date = June 11, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200611022413/https://foreignpolicy.com/2011/11/28/the-fp-top-100-global-thinkers-4/ | url-status = live }}

{{cite web | title = Daniel Kahneman: Biographical | url = https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2002/kahneman/biographical/ | publisher = Nobel Committee | last = Kahneman | first = Daniel | year = 2002 | access-date = May 1, 2017 | archive-date = August 14, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180814214533/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economic-sciences/laureates/2002/kahneman-bio.html | url-status = live }}

{{cite web|title=Daniel Kahneman, Ph.D. |url=http://www.gallup.com/corporate/25279/Daniel-Kahneman-PhD.aspx |publisher=The Gallup Organization |year=2012 |access-date=November 3, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103031127/http://www.gallup.com/corporate/25279/Daniel-Kahneman-PhD.aspx |archive-date=November 3, 2012 }}

{{cite news | title = A towering figure | url = http://www.apa.org/monitor/apr07/towering.html | publisher = American Psychological Association | work = Monitor on Psychology | last = Cynkar | first = Amy | date = April 4, 2007 | access-date = November 26, 2008 | archive-date = July 14, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190714233543/https://www.apa.org/monitor/apr07/towering.html | url-status = live }}

{{cite news | title = The 50 Most Influential People in Global Finance | url = http://topics.bloomberg.com/the-50-most-influential-people-in-global-finance/ | publisher = Bloomberg L.P. | access-date = November 3, 2012 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120716235136/http://topics.bloomberg.com/the-50-most-influential-people-in-global-finance/ | archive-date = July 16, 2012 | df = mdy-all }}

{{Cite news | title = Alex Shakar, Stephen King win Times Book Prizes | url = http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/jacketcopy/2012/04/alex-shakar-stephen-king-win-times-book-prizes.html | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | date = April 20, 2012 | access-date = November 3, 2012 | archive-date = June 29, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180629235648/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/jacketcopy/2012/04/alex-shakar-stephen-king-win-times-book-prizes.html | url-status = live }}

{{cite web | title = His Excellency Dr. Daniel Kahneman | url = https://racef.es/en/academicians/elected/the-honourable-dr-daniel-kahneman | publisher = www.racef.es | date = June 14, 2012 | access-date = November 2, 2012 | archive-date = April 17, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210417094708/https://racef.es/en/academicians/elected/the-honourable-dr-daniel-kahneman | url-status = live }}

}}

• {{TED speaker}}
• {{IMDb name|4928484}}
• {{Nobelprize}} including the Nobel Lecture "Maps of Bounded Rationality"
• Wenglinsky, Martin. [https://www.wenglinskyreview.com/wenglinsky-review-a-journal-of-culture-politics/2017/1/23/kahnemans-fallacies Kahneman's Fallacies, Thinking, Fast and Slow]. January 23, 2017
• [https://behavioralscientist.org/remembering-daniel-kahneman-a-mosaic-of-memories-and-lessons/ Remembering Daniel Kahneman: A Mosaic of Memories and Lessons] at Behavioral Scientist, April 11, 2024

{{s-start}}

{{s-ach|aw}}

{{s-bef | before = George A. Akerlof | before2 = A. Michael Spence | before3 = Joseph E. Stiglitz }}

{{s-ttl | title = Laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics | years = 2002 | alongside = Vernon L. Smith }}

{{s-aft | after = Robert F. Engle III | after2 = Clive W. J. Granger }}

{{s-end}}

{{Instecon}}

{{Game theory}}

{{Nobel laureates in economics 2001–2025}}

{{2002 Nobel Prize winners}}

{{Israeli Nobel laureates}}

{{Psychology}}

{{Decision theory}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kahneman, Daniel}}

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