General Dynamics#Divestitures

{{Short description|Defense manufacturing conglomerate}}

{{Infobox company

| name = General Dynamics Corporation

| logo = General Dynamics logo.svg

| logo_upright = 1.25

| image = General Dynamics Headquarters.jpg

| image_upright = 1.2

| image_caption = The headquarters of General Dynamics in February 2021

| type = Public

| traded_as = {{unbulleted list|{{nyse|GD}}|S&P 100 component|S&P 500 component}}

| industry = {{unbulleted list|Aerospace|Defense|Shipbuilding}}

| foundation = {{start date and age|1893}} as the Holland Torpedo Boat Company

| founder = John Philip Holland

| location_city = Reston, Virginia

| location_country = United States

| area_served = Worldwide

| key_people = Phebe Novakovic (chairman and CEO)

| products = {{flatlist|

}}

| services = {{flatlist|

}}

| revenue = {{increase}} {{US$|47.7 billion|link=yes}} (2024)

| operating_income = {{increase}} {{US$|4.79 billion}} (2024)

| net_income = {{increase}} {{US$|3.78 billion}} (2024)

| assets = {{increase}} {{US$|55.9 billion}} (2024)

| equity = {{increase}} {{US$|22.1 billion}} (2024)

| num_employees = 117,000 (2024)

| divisions = {{ubl|Aerospace | Marine Systems | Combat Systems | Technologies}}

| subsid = {{flatlist|

}}

| homepage = {{url|https://www.gd.com/|gd.com}}

| footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/40533/000004053325000008/gd-20241231.htm |title=General Dynamics Corporation 2024 Annual Report (Form 10-K) |date=February 7, 2025 |publisher=U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission}}

| intl =

}}

General Dynamics Corporation (GD) is an American publicly traded aerospace and defense corporation headquartered in Reston, Virginia. As of 2020, it was the fifth largest defense contractor in the world by arms sales and fifth largest in the United States by total sales.{{cite web |title=SIPRI Arms Industry Database |url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/armsindustry |publisher=Stockholm International Peace Research Institute |access-date=7 August 2022}} The company is a Fortune 100 company and was ranked {{Numero|94}} in 2022.{{Cite web|title=General Dynamics Company Profile|url=https://fortune.com/company/general-dynamics/fortune500|access-date=2021-12-15|website=Fortune|language=en}}

Formed in 1952 with the merger of submarine manufacturer Electric Boat and aircraft manufacturer Canadair,{{Cite news |author=Robert Trumbull |title=General Dynamics to Sell Candadair; Ottawa Says It Will Acquire Aircraft-Manufacturing Unit for $38 Million |date=1975-11-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/11/29/archives/general-dynamics-to-sell-canadair-ottawa-says-it-will-acquire.html |access-date=2019-08-21}} the corporation today consists of ten subsidiary companies with operations in 45 countries. The company's products include Gulfstream business jets, {{sclass|Virginia|submarine|5}} and {{sclass|Columbia|submarine|4}} nuclear-powered submarines, {{sclass|Arleigh Burke|destroyer|4|}} guided-missile destroyers, M1 Abrams tanks, and Stryker armored fighting vehicles.

In 2024, General Dynamics had worldwide sales of $47.7 billion and a workforce of approximately 117,000 full-time employees. The current chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) is Phebe Novakovic.

History

=Electric Boat=

{{main|General Dynamics Electric Boat}}

General Dynamics traces its ancestry to John Philip Holland's Holland Torpedo Boat Company.{{cite book |author=David Claerbaut |title=Duffy Daugherty: A Man Ahead of His Time |year=2018 |pages=67–73 |publisher=Michigan State University Press |doi=10.14321/j.ctv47wfsz.13 |jstor=10.14321/j.ctv47wfsz.13 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.14321/j.ctv47wfsz |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510041214/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.14321/j.ctv47wfsz |archive-date=2019-05-10 }} In 1899, Isaac Rice bought the company from Holland and renamed it Electric Boat Company.{{cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/general-dynamics-corporation-history/|title=History of General Dynamics Corporation|publisher=Funding Universe |access-date=April 22, 2020}} Electric Boat was responsible for developing the U.S. Navy's first modern submarines, which were purchased by the Navy in 1900.{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/General-Dynamics-Corp|title=General Dynamics Corp|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=April 22, 2020}}

In 1906, Electric Boat subcontracted submarine construction to the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, to build the submarines they had designed and won contracts for. Between 1917 and 1924, the company was named Submarine Boat Corporation. In 1933, Electric Boat acquired ownership of a shipyard in Groton, Connecticut, to build submarines.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} The first submarine built in Groton to be delivered to the U.S. Navy was USS Cuttlefish in 1934.{{Cite news |last=Streeter |first=Jim |date=May 11, 2018 |title=History Revisited: Electric Boat Company's astounding manufacturing diversity |url=https://www.theday.com/local-news/20180511/history-revisited-electric-boat-companys-astounding-manufacturing-diversity/ |work=The Day |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208165608/https://www.theday.com/local-news/20180511/history-revisited-electric-boat-companys-astounding-manufacturing-diversity/ |archive-date=February 8, 2024 |url-status=live |access-date=February 8, 2024}}

Electric Boat was cash-flush but lacking in work following World War II, during which it produced 80 submarines for the Navy, with its workforce shrinking from 13,000 to 4,000 by 1946. President and chief executive officer John Jay Hopkins started looking for companies that would fit into Electric Boat's market in hopes of diversifying.

=Canadair purchase=

{{Further|Canadair}}

Canadair was owned by the Canadian government and was suffering from the same post-war malaise as Electric Boat. It was up for sale, and Hopkins bought the company for $10 million in 1946. The factory alone was worth more than $22 million, according to the Canadian government's calculations, excluding the value of the remaining contracts for planes or spare parts. However, Canadair's production line and inventory systems were in disorder when Electric Boat purchased the company. Hopkins hired Canadian-born mass-production specialist H. Oliver West to take over the president's role and return Canadair to profitability. Shortly after the takeover, Canadair began delivering its new Canadair North Star (a version of the Douglas DC-4) and was able to deliver aircraft to Trans-Canada Airlines, Canadian Pacific Airlines, and British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) well in advance of their contracted delivery times.{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/canadair50yearhistory/introduction|title=introduction - canadair50yearhistory|website=sites.google.com|access-date=2019-08-21|archive-date=2022-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801125039/https://sites.google.com/site/canadair50yearhistory/introduction|url-status=dead}}

Defense spending increased with the onset of the Cold War, and Canadair went on to win many Canadian military contracts for the Royal Canadian Air Force and became a major aerospace company. These included Canadair CT-133 Silver Star trainer, the Canadair Argus long-range maritime reconnaissance and transport aircraft, and the Canadair F-86 Sabre. Between 1950 and 1958, 1,815 Sabres were built. Canadair also produced 200 CF-104 Starfighter supersonic fighter aircraft, a license-built version of the Lockheed F-104.

In 1976, General Dynamics sold Canadair to the Canadian Government for $38 million. Canadair was acquired by Bombardier Inc. in 1986.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/08/19/business/company-news-canadair-to-be-sold-to-bombardier-inc.html|title=COMPANY NEWS; Canadair to Be Sold To Bombardier Inc.|last=Salpukas|first=Agis|date=1986-08-19|work=The New York Times |access-date=2019-08-21|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}

=General Dynamics emerges=

Aircraft production became increasingly important at Canadair, and Hopkins argued that the name "Electric Boat" was no longer appropriate—so Electric Boat was reorganized as General Dynamics on 21 February 1952.{{cite web |url=http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Aerospace/generaldynamics/Aero35.htm |title=General Dynamics Corporation |publisher=U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission |access-date=2008-12-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081112045623/http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Aerospace/generaldynamics/Aero35.htm |archive-date=2008-11-12 }}

General Dynamics purchased Convair from the Atlas Group in March 1953. The sale was approved by government oversight with the provision that GD would continue to operate out of Air Force Plant 4 in Fort Worth, Texas. This factory had been set up in order to spread out strategic aircraft production and rented to Convair during the war to produce B-24 Liberator bombers.

Convair worked as an independent division inside General Dynamics and, over the next decade, developed the F-106 Delta Dart interceptor, the B-58 Hustler bomber, and the Convair 880 and 990 airliners. Convair also developed the Atlas missile, the US's first operational intercontinental ballistic missile.{{Cite book |last=Johnsen |first=Frederick A. |title=Captured Eagles: Secrets of the Luftwaffe |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-78200-973-3 |location=Oxford, UK |pages=146 |language=en}}

General Dynamics purchased Liquid Carbonic Corporation in September 1957 and controlled it as a wholly owned subsidiary until a Federal antitrust ruling required its sale to shareholders in January 1969, being bought later that month by Houston Natural Gas Company.{{Cite web |url=https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/258/36/1510699/ |title=United States v. General Dynamics Corporation, 258 F. Supp. 36 (S.D.N.Y. 1966)}}{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/28/archives/market-place-hitormiss-notification.html |title=Market Place| newspaper=The New York Times| date=1975-03-28| last1=Metz| first1=Robert}}

From 1955 to 1960, General Dynamics hired Erik Nitsche as a graphic designer to develop designs for corporate reports and advertising material{{Cite news |last=Heller |first=Steven |date=1998-11-29 |title=Erik Nitsche, 90, Modernist Graphic Designer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/29/nyregion/erik-nitsche-90-modernist-graphic-designer.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}} including the "Atoms for Peace" series of posters for the 1955 International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in Geneva, Switzerland. These designs have become iconic examples of the mid-century modernist graphic design style.{{Cite web |date=2018-02-23 |title=Erik Nitsche's Modernist Vision |url=https://www.swanngalleries.com/news/vintage-posters/2018/02/erik-nitsche-modernist-vision/ |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Swann Galleries News |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Erik Nitsche |url=https://www.oneclub.org/adc-hall-of-fame/-bio/erik-nitsche |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=www.oneclub.org |language=en}}

=Management churn=

Hopkins fell seriously ill in 1957 and was eventually replaced by Frank Pace later that year. Meanwhile, John Naish succeeded Joseph McNarney as president of Convair. Chicago industrialist Henry Crown became the company's largest shareholder and merged his Material Service Corporation with GD in 1959.{{Cite book |first=Stewart |last=Alsop |title=America's Big New Rich |date=July 17, 1965 |publisher=The Saturday Evening Post}}

GD subsequently reorganized into Eastern Group in New York City and Western Group in San Diego, California, with the latter taking over all of the aerospace activities and dropping the Convair brand name from its aircraft in the process.{{cite book |author=Donald M. Pattillo |date=2001 |publisher=University of Michigan Press|title=Pushing the Envelope: The American Aircraft Industry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=shwtKbTbEuEC&q=general+dynamics+reorganize+western+eastern+group&pg=PA225|pages=225, 226 |isbn=0472086715 |access-date=April 20, 2020}}

Frank Pace retired under pressure in 1962 and Roger Lewis, former Assistant Secretary of the Air Force and Pan American Airways CEO, was brought in as CEO. The company recovered, then fell back into the same struggles. In 1970, the board brought in McDonnell Douglas president Dave Lewis (no relation) as chairman and CEO, who served until retiring in 1985.

=Aviation in the 1960s=

During the early 1960s the company bid on the United States Air Force's Tactical Fighter, Experimental (TFX) project for a new low-level "penetrator". Robert McNamara, newly installed as the Secretary of Defense, forced a merger of the TFX with U.S. Navy plans for a new long-range "fleet defender" aircraft. Since GD lacked experience designing naval aircraft, it partnered with Grumman to develop a version for aircraft carrier operations. After four rounds of bids and changes, the GD/Grumman team finally won the contract over a Boeing submission.

The land-based F-111 first flew in December 1964; the carrier-capable F-111B flew in May 1965, but proved overweight and underpowered for the navy's needs.{{cite web|url=https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/13_sep2018-cancelled-f111b-1-180969916/|title=Was the Navy's F-111 Really That Bad?|work=Air&Space Magazine|author=Robert Bernier |access-date=April 22, 2020}} With the naval version not accepted, production estimates for 2,400 F-111s including exports were sharply reduced, but GD still made a $300 million profit on the project. Grumman went on to use many of the innovations of the F-111 in the F-14 Tomcat, an aircraft designed solely as a carrier-borne fighter.

=Reorganization=

In May 1965, GD reorganized into 12 operating divisions based on product lines. The board decided to build all future planes in Fort Worth, ending plane production at Convair's original plant in San Diego but continuing with space and missile development there. In October 1970, Roger Lewis left and David S. Lewis from McDonnell Douglas was named CEO. Lewis required that the company headquarters move to St. Louis, Missouri, which occurred in February 1971.{{Cite news|url=http://www.stltoday.com/business/local/boeing-moving-defense-hq-from-st-louis-to-d-c/article_029c405c-5f9b-5445-9008-3f8084708306.html|title=Boeing moving defense HQ from St. Louis to D.C. area|last=Brown|first=Lisa|work=Saint Louis Post-Dispatch |access-date=2017-04-12|language=en}}

=F-16 success=

{{Unreferenced section|date=June 2020}}

In 1972, GD bid on the USAF's Lightweight Fighter (LWF) project. GD and Northrop were awarded prototype contracts. GD's F-111 program was winding down, and the company needed a new aircraft contract. It organized its own version of Lockheed's Skunk Works, the Advanced Concepts Laboratory, and responded with a new aircraft design incorporating advanced technologies. The company submitted a design in a 1972 competition for a new lightweight fighter, which it won. This was the F-16 Fighting Falcon.{{Cite book |last=Piehler |first=G. Kurt |title=Encyclopedia of Military Science |date=2013-07-24 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-1-4129-6933-8 |location=Thousand Oaks, CA |pages=576 |language=en}}

GD's YF-16 first flew in January 1974 and proved to have slightly better performance than the YF-17 in head-to-head testing. It entered production as the F-16 in January 1975 with an initial order of 650 and a total order of 1,388. The F-16 also won contracts worldwide, beating the F-17 in foreign competition as well. GD built an aircraft production factory in Fort Worth, Texas. F-16 orders eventually totaled more than 4,600, making it the company's largest and most successful program and the world's most common fixed-wing aircraft in military service. 2025 World Air Forces, Flight Global, p. 10.

=Land Systems and Marine Systems focus=

{{main|General Dynamics Land Systems}}

{{More citations needed|section|date=June 2020}}

In 1976, General Dynamics sold the struggling Canadair back to the Canadian government for $38 million. By 1984, General Dynamics had four divisions: Convair in San Diego, General Dynamics-Fort Worth, General Dynamics-Pomona, and General Dynamics-Electronics. In 1985 a further reorganization created the Space Systems Division from the Convair Space division. In 1985, GD also acquired Cessna. In 1986 the Pomona division (which mainly produced the Standard Missile and the Phalanx CIWS for the Navy) was split up, creating the Valley Systems Division. Valley Systems produced the Stinger surface-to-air missile and the Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM). Both units were recombined into one entity in 1992.

Henry Crown, still GD's largest shareholder, died on 15 August 1990. Following this, the company started to rapidly divest its under-performing divisions under CEO William Anders. Cessna was re-sold to Textron in January 1992, the San Diego and Pomona missile production units to General Motors-Hughes Aerospace in May 1992, the Fort Worth aircraft production to Lockheed in March 1993 (a nearby electronics production facility was separately sold to Israeli-based Elbit Systems, marking that company's entry into the US market), and its Space Systems Division to Martin Marietta in 1994. The remaining Convair Aircraft Structure unit was sold to McDonnell Douglas in 1994. The remains of the Convair Division were simply closed in 1996. GD's exit from the aviation world was short-lived, and in 1999 the company acquired Gulfstream Aerospace. The Pomona operation was closed shortly after its sale to Hughes Aircraft.

In 1995, General Dynamics purchased the privately held Bath Iron Works shipyard in Bath, Maine, for $300 million, diversifying its shipbuilding portfolio to include U.S. Navy surface ships such as guided-missile destroyers.{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-08-18-fi-36555-story.html|title=General Dynamics to Buy Bath Iron Works Shipyard : Defense: The purchase would give the contractor access to $2 billion in orders for Navy ships.|date=1995-08-18|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US |access-date=2019-09-13}} In 1998, the company acquired NASSCO, formerly National Steel and Shipbuilding Company, for $415 million. The San Diego shipyard produces U.S. Navy auxiliary and support ships as well as commercial ships that are eligible to be U.S.-flagged under the Jones Act.{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-oct-09-fi-30651-story.html|title=Defense Giant to Purchase Nassco for $415 Million|date=1998-10-09|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US |access-date=2019-09-13}}

Having divested itself of its aviation holdings, GD concentrated on land and sea products. GD purchased Chrysler's defense divisions in 1982, renaming them General Dynamics Land Systems. In 2003, it purchased the defense divisions of General Motors as well. It is now a major supplier of armored vehicles of all types, including the M1 Abrams, LAV 25, Stryker, and a wide variety of vehicles based on these chassis. Force Protection, Inc. was acquired by General Dynamics Land Systems in November 2011 for $350 million.

=General Dynamics UK=

{{main|General Dynamics UK}}

In 1997, General Dynamics acquired Computing Devices Ltd based in Hastings, England, which had developed avionics and mission systems for the Panavia Tornado, British Aerospace Harrier II and Hawker Siddeley Nimrod.{{cite web |title=Transatlantic Defence Industrial Relationship: An Audit and Commentary |url=https://www.cna.org/CNA_files/PDF/D0005452.A1.pdf |website=CNA |access-date=3 September 2020}}{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Hugh |title=Protest over Hastings Firm's Links to US Child Detention |url=https://www.hastingsindependentpress.co.uk/news/protest-over-hastings-firms-links-to-us-child-detention/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |work=Hastings Independent |date=30 November 2018}} In 2001, Computing Devices Canada (CDC) was awarded a contract from the UK Ministry of Defence to supply tactical communication systems for their Bowman program. The work for this was carried out at its new UK headquarters in Oakdale, Wales, and the company was renamed General Dynamics UK Limited.{{cite news |title=Defence firm sets sights on 500 jobs |url=https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/4620006.defence-firm-sets-sights-on-500-jobs/ |access-date=3 September 2020 |work=South Wales Argus |date=22 August 2001}} {{As of|2020}}, it comprises two business units: General Dynamics Land Systems – UK and General Dynamics Mission Systems – UK and operates in eight sites across the United Kingdom.{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://generaldynamics.uk.com/about/about-us/ |website=General Dynamics UK |access-date=3 September 2020}} It is currently responsible for delivering the General Dynamics Ajax family of armored vehicles, the Foxhound light protected patrol vehicle and the Morpheus communications system to the UK Ministry of Defence.

=21st century=

File:Gulfstream G650 departs Bristol 23rdAug2014 arp.jpg departs Bristol Airport, England, in 2014.]]

In 2004, General Dynamics bid for the UK company Alvis plc, the leading British manufacturer of armored vehicles. In March the board of Alvis Vickers voted in favor of the £309m takeover. However at the last minute BAE Systems offered £355m for the company. This deal was finalized in June 2004.{{cite news|date=4 June 2004|title=BAE outguns US rival with £355m bid for Alvis|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/jun/04/themilitary|access-date=30 June 2017}}

On August 19, 2008, GD agreed to pay $4 million to settle a lawsuit brought by the US Government claiming that a GD unit fraudulently billed the government for defectively manufactured parts used in US military aircraft and submarines. The US alleged that GD defectively manufactured or failed to test parts used in US military aircraft from September 2001 to August 2003, such as for the C-141 Starlifter transport plane. The GD unit involved, based in Glen Cove, New York, closed in 2004.The Washington Post, "General Dynamics To Settle Suit For $4 Million", August 19, 2008, p. D4.

In 2014, the government of Canada announced it had selected the General Dynamics Land Systems subsidiary in London, Ontario, to produce Light Armoured Vehicles for Saudi Arabia as part of a $10 billion deal with the Canadian Commercial Corporation.{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/general-dynamics-canada-wins-10b-deal-with-saudi-arabia-1.2537934|title=General Dynamics Canada wins $10B deal with Saudi Arabia|last=Cudmore|first=James|date=14 February 2014|publisher=CBC News |access-date=13 September 2019}} The sale has been criticized by political opponents because of the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen.{{cite news |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/union-asks-ndp-to-keep-saudi-armoured-vehicles-deal-under-wraps-fearing-significant-job-losses |title=Union asks NDP to keep Saudi armoured vehicles deal 'under wraps', fearing 'significant' job losses |work=Postmedia Network |date=30 September 2015 |access-date=30 September 2015 |author=De Bono, Norman}}{{cite news |title=Advocates urge Ottawa to cease sales of military goods to Saudi Arabia amid growing backlash against war in Yemen |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-advocates-urge-ottawa-to-cease-sales-of-military-goods-to-saudi-arabia/ |work=The Globe and Mail |date=20 June 2019 }} In December 2018, after Prime Minister Justin Trudeau suggested Canada might scrap the deal, the company warned that doing so could lead to "billions of dollars in liability" and risk the loss of thousands of jobs.{{cite news |title=General Dynamics warns Canada: Cancelling Saudi deal would cost billions |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/general-dynamics-saudi-arabia-canada-armoured-vehicles-deal-khashoggi-1.4950565 |publisher=CBC/Radio-Canada |date=18 December 2018}}{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/general-dynamics-canada-wins-10b-deal-with-saudi-arabia-1.2537934|title=General Dynamics warns Canada: Canceling Saudi deal would cost billions|last=Ljunggren|first=David|date=17 December 2018|agency=Reuters |publisher=CBC |access-date=13 September 2019}} Trudeau has since said that while he is critical of Saudi conduct, he cannot simply scrap the deal because "Canada as a country of the rule of law needs to respect its contracts."{{Cite news |url=https://business.financialpost.com/investing/general-dynamics-reports-financial-fallout-with-saudi-arabia-after-khashoggi-killing|title=Tension between Canada and Saudi Arabia is now weighing on an American defence giant's earnings |website=Financial Post|date=2019-02-13|language=en-CA|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418044259/https://business.financialpost.com/investing/general-dynamics-reports-financial-fallout-with-saudi-arabia-after-khashoggi-killing|archive-date=2019-04-18 |access-date=2019-09-13}} On 30 January 2019, CEO Phebe Novakovic warned investors that the matter had "significantly impacted" the company's cash flow because Saudi Arabia was nearly $2 billion in arrears on its payments.{{cite news |title=General Dynamics reports financial fallout with Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.pressherald.com/2019/02/12/general-dynamics-reports-financial-fallout-with-saudi-arabia/ |agency=The Washington Post |work=Press Herald |quote="Our payment issue got caught up in a larger international political issue, diplomatic issue," Novacovik told investors. "While we got some payment last year, those diplomatic contretemps slowed the payment that we otherwise anticipated."}}

In 2018, General Dynamics acquired information technology services giant CSRA for $9.7 billion, and merged it with GDIT.{{Cite news |url=https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2018/04/03/general-dynamics-completes-csra-acquisition/|title=General Dynamics completes CSRA acquisition|last=Mehta|first=Aaron|date=2018-04-04|website=Defense News|language=en-US |access-date=2019-08-21}}

General Dynamics has been accused by groups such as Code Pink and Green America of "making money from human suffering by profiting off the migrant children held at U.S. detention camps"{{Cite web|url=https://www.codepink.org/general_dynamics|title=General Dynamics: Divest from War & Prisons |publisher=Code Pink |access-date=2019-08-21}} due to its IT services contracts with the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, the government agency that operates shelters for unaccompanied children to include those separated from their families as part of the Trump administration family separation policy.{{Cite news |url=https://qz.com/1309460/defense-contractors-like-general-dynamics-are-profiting-from-child-detention-and-you-might-be-too/ |title=US defense contractors profit from child detention—and you might, too |last=Fernholz |first=Tim |work=Quartz |access-date=2018-06-20 |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |url=https://www.star-telegram.com/news/politics-government/national-politics/article213385464.html |title=Job postings offer clues to inner workings of facilities for immigrant children |work=Fort Worth Star-Telegram |access-date=2018-06-20 |language=en}} The company says it has no role in constructing or operating detention centers, and that its contracts to provide training and technical services began in 2000 and have spanned across four presidential administrations.{{Cite web|url=https://www.gd.com/en/about-gd/faqs|title=Frequently Asked Questions |publisher=General Dynamics |language=en |access-date=2019-08-21}}

It was announced in September 2018 that the U.S. Navy awarded contracts for 10 new Arleigh Burke-class destroyers from General Dynamics Bath Iron Works and Huntington Ingalls Industries.{{cite web |last1=MarEx |title=U.S. Navy Places Advance Order for 10 New Destroyers |url=https://maritime-executive.com/article/u-s-navy-places-advance-order-for-10-new-destroyers |website=maritime-executive.com |access-date=30 September 2018}}

Former U.S. Secretary of Defense General Jim Mattis re-joined the company's board of directors in August 2019. He had previously served on the board, but resigned and divested before becoming Secretary of Defense.{{Cite news |url=https://politi.co/2OJGryI|title=Jim Mattis rejoining General Dynamics board of directors|last=Feldscher|first=Jacqueline|website=Politico|language=en |access-date=2019-08-21}}

In September 2020, General Dynamics announced a strategic counter-drone partnership, providing General Dynamics' global network with access to Dedrone's complete drone detection and defeat technology.[https://uasweekly.com/2020/09/04/general-dynamics-mission-systems-and-dedrone-enter-strategic-partnership/ "General Dynamics Mission Systems and Dedrone Enter Strategic Partnership"] UAS Weekly. Retrieved September 24, 2020.

In December 2020, the board of directors for General Dynamics announced a regular quarterly dividend of $1.10, payable on February 5, 2021.{{Cite press release |title=General Dynamics Board Declares Dividend|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/general-dynamics-board-declares-dividend-301185056.html|access-date=2020-12-27|publisher=PR Newswire|language=en}}{{Cite news |title=General Dynamics Board Declares Dividend|url=https://www.wfmz.com/news/pr_newswire/pr_newswire_business/general-dynamics-board-declares-dividend/article_0fa2ec3b-7fe2-5df5-813b-077613b6640f.html|access-date=2020-12-27|publisher=WFMZ |language=en}}

On December 26, 2020, General Dynamics confirmed that their business division General Dynamics Land Systems was awarded a $4.6 billion contract by the U.S. Army for M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams main battle tanks.{{Cite web|date=2020-12-21|title=General Dynamics Unit Gets $4B Army Contract to Produce Modern Battle Tanks|url=https://www.govconwire.com/2020/12/general-dynamics-unit-gets-4b-army-contract-to-produce-modern-battle-tanks/|access-date=2020-12-27|language=en-US}}

According to a report by Reuters, General Dynamics was the primary contractor for a United States military-run propaganda campaign to spread disinformation about the Sinovac Chinese COVID-19 vaccine, including using fake social media accounts to spread the disinformation that the Sinovac vaccine contained pork-derived ingredients and was therefore haram under Islamic law.{{Cite news |last=Bing |first=Chris |last2=Schechtman |first2=Joel |date=June 14, 2024 |title=Pentagon Ran Secret Anti-Vax Campaign to Undermine China during Pandemic |url=https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-covid-propaganda/ |work=Reuters}} The campaign primarily targeted people in the Philippines and used a social media hashtag for "China is the virus" in Tagalog. The campaign ran from the spring of 2020 to mid-2021. In 2024, General Dynamics IT was awarded a $493 million contract by The Pentagon. According to an unnamed source cited by Reuters, a military audit of General Dynamics's work on the project concluded that the company had engaged in sloppy tradecraft and took inadequate precautions to conceal the origins of the fake accounts created for the campaign.

General Dynamics' supply of weapons to Israel in the Gaza war has led to protests at facilities in Pittsfield, Massachusetts; Lincoln, Nebraska; Saco, Maine; New London, Connecticut; and Garland, Texas. {{Cite web |last=Bellow |first=Heather |date=2023-10-20 |title=Activists protest General Dynamics in Pittsfield over defense contracts and the Israel-Hamas war |url=https://www.berkshireeagle.com/news/local/pittsfield-general-dynamics-israel-hamas-palestinians-war-berkshire-communists-activists/article_ec204d1c-6ee4-11ee-8e1e-cb6121da994b.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=The Berkshire Eagle |language=en}}{{cite news |title=Pro-Palestinian Protest Outside General Dynamics |url=https://www.dailynebraskan.com/diversity_inclusion/gallery-pro-palestinian-protest-outside-general-dynamics/collection_58f97ac4-804e-11ee-b0a8-87a8bd3c9d5f.html |work=Daily Nebraskan |date=November 10, 2023}}{{cite news |title=Portland City Council unanimously backs resolution calling for ceasefire in Gaza |url=https://mainemorningstar.com/briefs/portland-city-council-unanimously-backs-resolution-calling-for-ceasefire-in-gaza/ |work=Maine Morning Star |date=January 4, 2024}}{{Cite web |date=March 4, 2024 |title=Arrests at anti-nuke protest with Oppenheimer cutouts at Electric Boat in New London |url=https://www.theday.com/police-fire-reports/20240304/anti-nuke-protest-leads-to-arrests-at-eb-in-new-london/ |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.theday.com |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Choi |first=Hojun |date=2024-03-07 |title=Pro-Palestinian demonstrators arrested at Garland facility for aerospace and defense firm |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2024/03/07/pro-palestinian-demonstrators-arrested-at-garland-facility-for-aerospace-and-defense-firm/ |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=Dallas News |language=en}}

Acquisitions timeline

=20th-century acquisitions=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Year

!Acquisition

!Business group

1947

|Canadair{{Cite web |title=Our History |publisher=General Dynamics |url=https://www.gd.com/about-gd/our-history |access-date=2022-12-27 |language=en}}

|Aerospace

1953

|Convair{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/03/02/archives/boards-approve-convair-merger-general-dynamics-to-step-up-as-vast.html|title=Boards Approve Convair Merger; General Dynamics to Step Up as Vast Defense Complex if Stockholders Concur|work=The New York Times|date=March 2, 1954 |access-date=April 22, 2020}}

|Aerospace

1955

|Stromberg-Carlson{{cite web|url=https://www.gd.com/about-gd/our-history|title=Our History|publisher=General Dynamics |access-date=April 22, 2020}}

|Combat Systems

1957

|Liquid Carbonic Corporation{{cite web|url=https://explore.chicagocollections.org/marcxml/chicagohistory/30/rj49z1s/|title=Liquid Carbonic Industries Corporation records|publisher=Chicago Collections |access-date=April 22, 2020}}

|Aerospace

1959

|Material Service Corporation{{Cite web |title=Irving Crown, who helped found the Material Service Corp.,... |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/03/02/Irving-Crown-who-helped-found-the-Material-Service-Corp/4418541659600/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |publisher=UPI |language=en}}

|

1982

|Chrysler's combat systems{{Cite news |date=1982-03-17 |title=Chrysler Unit Sold |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/17/business/chrysler-unit-sold.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |issn=0362-4331}}

|Combat Systems

1995

|Bath Iron Works{{Cite news |date=1995-08-18 |title=General Dynamics to Buy Bath Iron Works Shipyard : Defense: The purchase would give the contractor access to $2 billion in orders for Navy ships. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-08-18-fi-36555-story.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}

|Marine Systems

1996

|Teledyne Vehicle Systems{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/08/business/450-million-dynamics-deal-for-two-units.html|title=$450 Million Dynamics Deal For Two Units|work=The New York Times|date=November 8, 1996 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Marine Systems

1997

|Advanced Technology Systems{{Cite news|title=General Dynamics Will Acquire Pair of Lockheed Martin Units |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB84737564019142500 |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}

|Combat Systems

1997

|Lockheed Martin Defense Systems{{cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/washington/stories/1997/03/24/daily5.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020619083016/http://www.bizjournals.com/washington/stories/1997/03/24/daily5.html|title=Lockheed Martin improves debt rating|website=Washington Business Journal|archivedate=June 19, 2002|date=1997|accessdate=June 20, 2024}}

|Combat Systems

1997

|Lockheed Martin Armament Systems

|Combat Systems

1997

|Computing Devices International{{Cite web |title=Computing Devices International :: Rochester Avionic Archives |url=https://rochesteravionicarchives.co.uk/manufacturer/computing-devices-international |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=rochesteravionicarchives.co.uk}}

|Technologies

1998

|National Steel and Shipbuilding Company{{Cite news |date=1998-10-09 |title=Defense Giant to Purchase Nassco for $415 Million |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-oct-09-fi-30651-story.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}

|Marine Systems

1999

|Gulfstream Aerospace{{Cite news |date=1999-05-18 |title=Forstmann Nets $5B from Gulfstream Sale |newspaper=New York Post |url=https://nypost.com/1999/05/18/forstmann-nets-5b-from-gulfstream-sale/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |language=en-US}}

|Aerospace

1999

|GTE Government Systems{{Cite news |date=1999-06-23 |title=General Dynamics, GTE in Deal |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jun-23-fi-49320-story.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}

|Technologies

2000

|Saco Defense{{cite web |url=http://www.generaldynamics.com/news/press-releases/detail.cfm?customel_dataPageID_1811=13292|title=General Dynamics Completes Acquisition of Saco Defense Corp.|date=June 30, 2000|publisher=General Dynamics |access-date=28 May 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529052121/http://www.generaldynamics.com/news/press-releases/detail.cfm?customel_dataPageID_1811=13292|archive-date=29 May 2014}}{{cite news|url=https://www.courant.com/1998/05/20/colts-agrees-to-buy-gunmaker-in-maine/|title=Colt's Agrees To Buy Gunmaker In Maine|date=May 20, 1998|newspaper=Hartford Courant |access-date=28 May 2014}}

|Combat Systems

=21st-century acquisitions=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Year

!Acquisition

!Business group

2001

|PrimeX Technologies Inc.[http://www.bizjournals.com/tampabay/stories/2001/01/22/daily19.html "Primex Technologies acquired by General Dynamics"] Tampa Bay Business Journal, January 24, 2001.

|Technologies

2001

|Motorola Integrated Systems{{Cite news |date=2001-08-07 |title=General Dynamics to By a Motorola Unit |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/07/business/company-news-general-dynamics-to-buy-a-motorola-unit.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |issn=0362-4331}}

|Technologies

2001

|Galaxy Aerospace Company{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB988724351894337276|title=General Dynamics Agrees to Buy Galaxy Aerospace for $330 Million|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=May 1, 2001 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Aerospace

2001

|Santa Bárbara Sistemas{{Cite book |last=DK |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9I_DgAAQBAJ&dq=Acquired+Spain's+%5B%5BGeneral+Dynamics+Santa+B%C3%A1rbara+Sistemas%7CSanta+B%C3%A1rbara+Sistemas%5D%5D,+one+of+the+world's+oldest+arms+manufacturers.&pg=PA140 |title=Tank: The Definitive Visual History of Armored Vehicles |date=2017-04-04 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-1-4654-6603-7 |language=en}}

|Combat Systems

2002

|EWK Eisenwerke Kaiserslautern{{cite web |title=General Dynamics European Land Systems (GDELS) - Defence Procurement International |url=https://www.defenceprocurementinternational.com/profile/general-dynamics-european-land-systems |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=defenceprocurementinternational.com}}

|Combat Systems

2003

|GM Defense{{Cite web |title=History {{!}} GM Defense L.L.C. |url=https://www.gmdefensellc.com/content/site/us/en/gm-defense/home/about/history.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=gmdefensellc.com}}{{Cite web |title=GM Defense - A Case Study of Success |url=https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2021/6/4/gm-defense---a-case-study-of-success |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=National Defense Magazine |language=en}}

|Combat Systems

2003

|Steyr-Daimler-Puch Spezialfahrzeug{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}

|Combat Systems

2003

|Veridian and Digital Systems Resources{{Cite news |title=General Dynamics to acquire DSR in Fairfax|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/stories/2003/07/28/daily24.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=bizjournals.com}}

|Technologies

2003

|Datron's Intercontinental Manufacturing Company{{cite news|url=https://aviationweek.com/brief-general-dynamics-completes-imco-buy|title=In Brief: General Dynamics completes IMCO buy|work=Aviation Week & Space Technology|date=September 5, 2003 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Combat Systems

2004

|Spectrum Astro{{Cite web |title=General Dynamics finishes buy of Spectrum Astro |url=https://washingtontechnology.com/articles/2004/07/12/general-dynamics-finishes-buy-of-spectrum-astro.aspx |website=washingtontechnology.com |date=12 July 2004 |access-date=2019-11-09}}

|Aerospace

2004

|MOWAG{{Cite news |date=2004-03-11 |title=Alvis bought out by General Dynamics |url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/mar/11/themilitary.money |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}

|Combat Systems

2005

|MAYA Viz Ltd {{cite news|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/business/businessnews/2005/04/02/Defense-giant-buys-Maya-Viz/stories/200504020124|title=Defense giant buys Maya Viz|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|last=Shropshire|first=Corilyn|date=April 2, 2005 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Technologies

2005

|Tadpole Computer{{cite news|url=https://aviationweek.com/general-dynamics-acquires-tadpole-computer|title=General Dynamics acquires Tadpole Computer|work=Aviation Week & Space Technology|date=August 17, 2005 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Technologies

2005

|Itronix{{Cite news |title=Goodbye Itronix. General Dynamics pulls the plug on line of ultrarugged computers |website=The Spokesman-Review |url=https://www.spokesman.com/blogs/officehours/2013/apr/30/goodbye-itronix-general-dynamics-plugs-plug-line-ultrarugged-computers/ |access-date=2022-12-27}}

|Technologies

2006

|FC Business Systems {{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/2005/12/14/general-dynamics-to-buy-fc-systems/ed0f2304-1087-4c48-b112-421a23479327/|title=General Dynamics to Buy FC Systems |newspaper=The Washington Post|last=Merle|first=Renae|date=December 14, 2005 |access-date=April 23, 2020}}

|Technologies

2006

|Anteon International{{Cite web |title=StackPath |url=https://www.militaryaerospace.com/communications/article/16713105/general-dynamics-to-acquire-anteon-for-22-billion |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=militaryaerospace.com|date=14 December 2005 }}

|Technologies

2007

|Mediaware International {{cite web |url=https://www.militaryaerospace.com/communications/article/16724900/general-dynamics-acquires-mediaware-international|title=General Dynamics acquires Mediaware International|publisher=Military & Aerospace Electronics|date=November 15, 2007|access-date=April 25, 2020}}

|Technologies

2008

|ViPS, Inc.[http://investor.shareholder.com/hlth/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=313710 "HLTH Announces Agreement to Sell ViPS Unit to General Dynamics for $225 Million"]. HLTH Corporation Press Release, June 3, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011012055/http://investor.shareholder.com/hlth/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=313710 |date=October 11, 2008}}

|Technologies

2008

|Jet Aviation[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/19/AR2008081902603.html?hpid=sec-business "General Dynamics to Boost Gulfstream With Jet Aviation Purchase"]. The Washington Post, August 20, 2008.

|Aerospace

2009

|Axletech International[https://www.carlyle.com/media-room/news-release-archive/general-dynamics-completes-acquisition-axletech-international "General Dynamics Completes Acquisition of AxleTech International"]. The Carlyle Group, January 4, 2009.

|Combat Systems

2010

|Kylmar Ltd.{{Cite news |url=http://archive.boston.com/business/articles/2010/06/22/general_dynamics_acquires_kylmar_ltd/ |title=General Dynamics acquires Kylmar Ltd.|work=The Boston Globe |access-date=2017-09-20}}

|Combat Systems

2011

|Vangent, Inc.[https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/capitalbusiness/general-dynamics-to-acquire-arlington-contractor-for-nearly-1-billion/2011/08/16/gIQAHHKkJJ_story.html "General Dynamics to Acquire Arlington Contractor for Nearly $1 Billion"]. The Washington Post, August 16, 2011.

|Technologies

2011

|Metro Machine Imperial Docks Inc.{{Cite news |title=General Dynamics completes Metro Machine {{as written|acqu|istion [sic]}} |url=https://www.pilotonline.com/business/shipyards/article_05a039a4-0ce4-5165-b994-ffa65b624422.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=The Virginian-Pilot}}

|Marine Systems

2011

|Force Protection Inc.[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-generaldynamics-idUSTRE7A64U420111107 General Dynamics to buy Force Protection]. Reuters.

|Combat Systems

2012

|Earl Industries’ Ship Repair Division{{Cite web |title=StackPath |url=https://www.militaryaerospace.com/defense-executive/article/16720256/general-dynamics-to-acquire-ship-repair-division-of-earl-industries |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=militaryaerospace.com|date=3 July 2012 }}

|Marine Systems

2012

|Open Kernel Labs[http://www.nicta.com.au/media/current/general_dynamics_acquires_nicta_start-up_open_kernel_labs General Dynamics acquires NICTA start-up Open Kernel Labs]. NICTA, September 12, 2012.

|Technologies

2012

|Applied Physical Sciences{{cite press release |title=General Dynamics Acquires Applied Physical Sciences Corp. |url=http://www.gd.com/news/press-releases/2012/12/general-dynamics-acquires-applied-physical-sciences-corp |date=December 21, 2012 |publisher=General Dynamics |access-date=December 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220034010/http://www.gd.com/news/press-releases/2012/12/general-dynamics-acquires-applied-physical-sciences-corp |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |url-status=dead }}

|Aerospace

2016

|Bluefin Robotics{{cite press release |title=General Dynamics Mission Systems Acquires Bluefin Robotics |url=https://gdmissionsystems.com/articles/2016/02/22/news-2016-general-dynamics-mission-systems-acquires-bluefin-robotics |date=February 23, 2016 |publisher=General Dynamics Mission Systems}}

|Marine Systems

2018

|CSRA Inc.{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2018/02/12/general-dynamics-buying-csra-6-8-billion/328387002/ |title=General Dynamics buying CSRA for about $6.8 billion|author=The Associated Press|author-link=The Associated Press|work=USA Today |location=McLean, Virginia |date=February 12, 2018 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}{{cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/12/general-dynamics-to-buy-csra-for-9-point-6-billion-in-cash.html |title=General Dynamics to buy government IT contractor CSRA for $6.8 billion |agency=Reuters |work=CNBC |publisher=NBCUniversal News Group |location=Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey |date=February 12, 2018 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/general-dynamics-buying-csra-for-6-8-billion-1518436856 |title=General Dynamics Buying CSRA for $6.8 Billion |first1=Doug |last1=Cameron |first2=Cara |last2=Lombardo |work=The Wall Street Journal |location=New York City |date=February 12, 2018 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}

|Technologies

2018

|Hawker Pacific{{Cite news |date=2018-04-12 |title=General Dynamics' unit buys HNA's Hawker Pacific for $250 million |language=en |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hawker-pacific-m-a-general-dynamics-idUSKBN1HJ0GV |access-date=2022-12-27}}

|Aerospace

2018

|FWW Fahrzeugwerk GmbH{{Cite news |title=GD European Land Systems acquires Germany's FWW Fahrzeugwerk |url=https://www.asdnews.com/news/defense/2018/12/03/gd-european-land-systems-acquires-germanys-fww-fahrzeugwerk-gmbh |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=asdnews.com |language=EN}}

|Combat Systems

=Divestitures=

class="wikitable sortable"

!Year

!Divestiture

!Purchaser

1953

|Liquid Carbonic Corporation{{cite web |url=https://explore.chicagocollections.org/marcxml/chicagohistory/30/rj49z1s/ |title=ECC {{!}} Liquid Carbonic Industries Corporation records |publisher=Chicago Collections |access-date=April 24, 2020}}

|Houston Natural Gas Co.

1957

|Asbestos Corporation Limited

|Société nationale de l'amiante (SNA)

1967

|General Atomics{{cite web |url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/general-atomics-history/ |title=History of General Atomics |publisher=FundingUniverse |access-date=April 24, 2020}}

|Gulf Oil

1976

|Canadair{{Cite web |date=2020-08-27 |title=General Dynamics History: Founding, Timeline, and Milestones |url=https://www.zippia.com/general-dynamics-careers-4875/history/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=zippia.com |language=en-US}}

|Canadian government

1991

|Data Systems Division[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-10-06-mn-432-story.html General Dynamics Sells a Third San Diego Unit]. Los Angeles Times, October 06, 1992.

|Computer Sciences Corporation

1995

|Tactical Missiles Division

|Hughes Aircraft Company

1992

|Cessna{{cite web |title=Cessna History 1927–1939 |url=http://cessna.com/CessnaHistory/His/History-1927-1939.html |url-status=dead |publisher=Cessna |access-date=May 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227150253/http://cessna.com/CessnaHistory/His/History-1927-1939.html |archive-date=February 27, 2011}}

|Textron

1992

|Electronics Division{{Cite news |title=General Dynamics to sell electronics unit |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/10/05/General-Dynamics-to-sell-electronics-unit/7380718257600/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |publisher=UPI |language=en}}

|The Carlyle Group

1993

|Fort Worth Division (F-16s){{Cite news |title=Lockheed completes acquisition of GD's Fort Worth division |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/03/01/Lockheed-completes-acquisition-of-GDs-Fort-Worth-division/8147730962000/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |publisher=UPI |language=en}}

|Lockheed Corporation

1994

|Space Systems Division{{cite news |title=General Dynamics Sells Atlas Rocket Unit |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-12-23-fi-4948-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |date=23 December 1993 |access-date=25 September 2014}}

|Martin Marietta

1994

|Convair's aerostructure unit{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-02-fi-11075-story.html |title=Convair Plant in San Diego to Close by 1996: Manufacturing: Move will end 1,900 jobs and the city's long tradition of building planes |work=Los Angeles Times |last=Kraul |first=Chris |date=July 2, 1994 |access-date=April 25, 2020}}

|McDonnell Douglas

2006

|Material Service{{Cite web |title=Hanson complete acquisition of Material Service |website=Agg-Net |date=October 2006 |url=https://www.agg-net.com/news/hanson-complete-acquisition-of-material-service |access-date=2022-12-27}}

|Hanson

2007

|Freeman United Coal Mining Co.[http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/1054910/crown_ii_mine_closing_freeman_coal_sold_to_new_company Crown II Mine Closing; Freeman Coal Sold to New Company]. Red Orbit, September 4, 2007.

|Springfield Coal Co.

2010

|Spacecraft development and manufacturing[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023171701/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9E84AEG0.htm Orbital buys General Dynamics' spacecraft business ]. BusinessWeek.

|Orbital Sciences Corporation

2014

|Advanced Systems{{Cite web |title=StackPath |url=https://kippsdesanto.com/deals/kippsdesanto-co-advises-general-dynamics-advanced-information-systems-inc-on-the-sale-of-its-advanced-systems-line-of-business-to-macdonald-dettwiler-and-associates-ltd/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=kippsdesanto.com|date=20 October 2014 }}

|MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates

Company outline

=Business units=

As of 2021, General Dynamics consists of ten separate businesses organised as four operating segments:{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

; Aerospace

; Marine Systems

; Combat Systems

;Technologies

=Corporate governance=

General Dynamics current chairman and chief executive officer is Phebe N. Novakovic.

class="wikitable"
Board Member || Role
Phebe N. NovakovicChairman and chief executive officer
James S. CrownLead Director
Rudy F. deLeonDirector
Cecil D. HaneyDirector and chair, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Mark M. MalcolmDirector
James N. MattisDirector
C. Howard NyeDirector and chair, Audit Committee
Robert K. SteelDirector and chair, Sustainability Committee
Catherine B. ReynoldsDirector and chair, Finance and Benefit Plans Committee
Laura J. SchumacherDirector and chair, Compensation Committee
John G. StrattonDirector
Peter A. WallDirector

As of December 2022.{{Cite web |title=Corporate Governance - Board of Directors |url=https://investorrelations.gd.com/corporate-governance/board-of-directors/default.aspx |access-date=2022-12-01 |publisher=General Dynamics}}

=Financials=

General Dynamics had $30.9 billion in sales as of 2017—primarily military, but also civilian (with its Gulfstream Aerospace unit) and conventional shipbuilding and repair (with its National Steel and Shipbuilding subsidiary.){{Cite news |title=General Dynamics |url=http://fortune.com/fortune500/general-dynamics/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615050543/http://fortune.com/fortune500/general-dynamics/ |archive-date=2019-06-15 |access-date=2018-11-10 |website=Fortune |language=en-US}}

For the fiscal year 2022, General Dynamics reported net income of US$3.309 billion, with an annual revenue of US$39.407 billion, an increase of 2.44% over the previous fiscal cycle. General Dynamics's shares traded at over $254 per share in 2022, and its market capitalization was valued at US$62.46 billion in December 2022.{{Cite web |title=General Dynamics Financial Statements 2005-2022 {{!}} GD |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/GD/general-dynamics/financial-statements |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=macrotrends.net}}

class="wikitable float-left" style="text-align: right;"

!Year

!Revenue
in mil. US$

!Net income
in mil. US$

!Assets
in mil. US$

!Employees

2005

|20,975

|1,461

|19,700

|72,200

2006

|24,063

|1,856

|22,376

|81,000

2007

|27,240

|2,072

|25,733

|83,500

2008

|29,300

|2,459

|28,373

|92,300

2009

|31,981

|2,394

|31,077

|91,700

2010

|32,466

|2,624

|32,545

|90,000

2011

|32,677

|2,526

|34,883

|95,100

2012

|30,992

|−332

|34,309

|92,200

2013

|30,930

|2,357

|35,494

|96,000

2014

|30,852

|2,533

|35,337

|99,500

2015

|31,781

|3,036

|31,997

|99,900

2016

|30,561

|2,572

|33,172

|98,800

2017

|30,973

|2,912

|35,046

|98,600

2018

|36,193

|3,345

|45,408

|105,600

2019

|39,350

|3,484

|49,349

|102,900

2020

|37,925

|3,167

|51,308

|100,700

2021

|38,469

|3,257

|50,073

|103,100

2022

|39,407

|3,390

|51,585

|106,500

As of January 2023.{{cite web |title=SEC EDGAR: General Dynamics |url=https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=40533&owner=exclude |access-date=2023-02-07 |publisher=U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission}}

= Carbon emissions =

General Dynamics reported Total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for 2021 at 696,118 mt (-8.7% year over year) and aims to reducing greenhouse gas emissions 40% by 2034. The company is on track to become carbon neutral before 2060.{{cite web |url=https://www.responsibilityreports.com/HostedData/ResponsibilityReports/PDF/NYSE_GD_2021.pdf |title=General Dynamics - 2021 Corporate Sustainability Report |pages=48–51}}

class="wikitable"

|+ General Dynamics's annual total CO2e Emissions (in Metric Tons){{cite web|url=https://www.responsibilityreports.com/HostedData/ResponsibilityReportArchive/g/NYSE_GD_2020.pdf |title=General Dynamics - 2020 Corporate Sustainability Report |pages=40}}

2014201520162017201820192020

!2021

901,666817,293821,773784,264794,161762,200696,118

|681,454

= Company demographics =

In 2021, General Dynamics's U.S. workforce was 21% veterans, 23% female, and 27% people of color. The US Department of Labor awarded the company the 2021 HIRE Vets Gold Award.{{Cite web |title=US Department of Labor announces recipients of 2021 HIRE Vets Medallion Awards |publisher=U.S. Department of Labor |url=https://www.dol.gov/newsroom/releases/vets/vets20211110 |access-date=2022-12-16}} The company has 26 Employee Resource Groups serving 10 employee segments.{{Cite web |title=General Dynamics Corporation - ResponsibilityReports.com |url=https://www.responsibilityreports.com/Company/general-dynamics-corporation |access-date=2022-12-16 |website=responsibilityreports.com}} Approximately 20% of the company's employees are represented by labor unions such as International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM), The International Union, and United Auto Workers (UAW). Independent research published by American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD), U.S. Department of Labor, Military Times, U.S. Veterans Magazine, Professional Women's Magazine, Forbes, and Fortune selected General Dynamics as a top employer. General Dynamics' community contributions in 2021 were 70% in Education & Social Services, 18% in Arts & Culture, and 12% in Service Member Support.

Products

=Aircraft systems=

=Marine systems=

=Missile systems=

=Combat systems=

File:M1A1 Twin Bridges training area 2C Republic of Korea 1-23 Infantry.jpg

File:Stryker ICV front q.jpg

File:GAU-17 machine gun fired from UH-1N Huey in 2006.jpg

  • Former General Dynamics Pomona Division
  • Phalanx CIWS
  • General Dynamics Land Systems{{cite web |title=General Dynamics Land Systems |url=http://www.gdls.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970212201334/http://www.gdls.com/ |archive-date=12 February 1997 |access-date=10 October 2014}}
  • General Dynamics Robotic Systems{{cite web |title=General Dynamics Robotic Systems |url=http://www.gdrs.com/}}
  • Autonomous Navigation System[http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=22 General Dynamics Robotic Systems – Autonomous Navigation System (ANS)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403222443/http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=22|date=2015-04-03}}
  • Mobile Detection and Assessment Response System[http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=27 General Dynamics Robotic Systems – Mobile Detection Assessment and Response System (MDARS)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220135913/http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=27|date=2008-12-20}}
  • Unmanned Surface Vehicle[http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=31 General Dynamics Robotic Systems – Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928063934/http://www.gdrs.com/robotics/programs/program.asp?UniqueID=31|date=2008-09-28}}
  • Expeditionary tank
  • M1 Abrams series main battle tank
  • Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle
  • Heavy Assault Bridge program
  • LAV series
  • Stryker Armored Combat Vehicle
  • XM2001 Crusader self-propelled howitzer
  • General Dynamics Armament and Technical Products{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081004070105/http://www.gdatp.com/ General Dynamics Armament and Technical Products (GDATP)]}}
  • GAU-17 (Minigun)
  • GAU-19
  • General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems{{cite web |date=2013-10-21 |title=General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems |url=http://www.gd-ots.com/ |access-date=2014-08-17 |publisher=Gd-ots.com}}
  • General Dynamics European Land Systems (GDELS)[http://www.gdels.com/about_us/our_company.asp About Us – Our Company] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220052811/http://www.gdels.com/about_us/our_company.asp|date=2015-02-20}} General Dynamics
  • GDELS-Steyr
  • ASCOD AFV (Ulan)
  • Pandur II
  • GDELS-Mowag
  • Mowag Duro
  • Mowag Eagle
  • Mowag Piranha
  • GDELS-Santa Bárbara Sistemas
  • Leopard 2E
  • ASCOD AFV (Pizarro)
  • General Dynamics United Kingdom Limited
  • Scout SV

=Information Systems and Technology=

Information Systems and Technology represent 34% of the company's revenue as of 2014.{{cite news |title=National Security Inc. |url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/top-secret-america/articles/national-security-inc/ |access-date=10 October 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}

=Launch vehicles=

See also

References

=Citations=

{{Reflist|30em}}

=Sources=

{{Refbegin}}

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20091026192115/http://geocities.com/gwmccue/ Patents owned by General Dynamics Corporation]. US Patent & Trademark Office. URL accessed on 5 December 2005.
  • {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026192115/http://geocities.com/gwmccue/ |date=October 26, 2009 |title=Founder of the Electric Boat Company}} from a GeoCities-hosted website
  • Compton-Hall, Richard. The Submarine Pioneers. Sutton Publishing, 1999.
  • Franklin, Roger. The Defender: The Story of General Dynamics. Harper & Row, 1986.
  • General Dynamics. Dynamic America. General Dynamics/Doubleday Publishing Company, 1960.
  • Goodwin, Jacob. Brotherhood of Arms: General Dynamics and the Business of Defending America. Random House, 1985.
  • Pederson, Jay P. (Ed.). International Directory of Company Histories, Volume 40. St. James Press, March 2001. {{ISBN|1-55862-445-7}}. (General Dynamics section, pp. 204–210). See also International Directory of Company Histories, Volume 86. St. James Press, July 2007. {{ISBN|1-4144-2970-3}} (General Dynamics/Electric Boat Corporation section, pp. 136–139).
  • Morris, Richard Knowles. John P. Holland 1841–1914, Inventor of the Modern Submarine. The University of South Carolina Press, 1998. (Book originally copyrighted and published by the United States Naval Institute Press, 1966.)
  • Morris, Richard Knowles. Who Built Those Subs?. United States Naval Institute Press, October 1998. (125th Anniversary issue)
  • Rodengen, Jeffrey. The Legend of Electric Boat, Serving The Silent Service. Write Stuff Syndicate, 1994. Account revised in 2007.

{{Refend}}