Oakham

The name of the town means "homestead or village of Oc(c)a" or "hemmed-in land of Oc(c)a".{{cite web |author=University of Nottingham - Institute of Name Studies School of English |url=http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Rutland/Oakham |title=Key to English Place-names |publisher=Kepn.nottingham.ac.uk |date= |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-date=13 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513162332/http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Rutland/Oakham |url-status=live}}

There are two tiers of local government covering Oakham, at parish (town) and unitary authority level: Oakham Town Council and Rutland County Council. The town council is based at Rol House on Long Row.{{cite web |title=Oakham Town Council |url=https://oakhamtowncouncil.gov.uk/ |access-date=19 August 2024}} The county council is also based in the town, at Catmose House.

Oakham was an ancient parish, and gave its name to the Oakham Hundred, one of the five historic hundreds of Rutland.{{cite web |title=Oakham Hundred / Soke |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10075725 |website=A Vision of Britain through Time |publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth |access-date=18 August 2024}} When elected parish and district councils were created under the Local Government Act 1894, Oakham was given a parish council and included in the Oakham Rural District. The parish was removed from the rural district in 1911 to become the Oakham Urban District, with the parish council being replaced by an urban district council. The urban district was abolished in 1974 and a new parish council established, taking the name Oakham Town Council.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Local Government (Successor Parishes) Order 1973|year=1973|number=1110|access-date=19 August 2024}}

Oakham, along with the rest of Rutland, has been represented at Westminster by the Conservative Member of Parliament Alicia Kearns since 2019.

Women in the Oakham South East ward had the fifth-highest life expectancy at birth, 95.7 years, of any ward in England and Wales in 2016.{{cite news |last1=Bennett |first1=James |display-authors=etal |title=Contributions of diseases and injuries to widening life expectancy inequalities in England from 2001 to 2016: a population-based analysis of vital registration data |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30214-7/fulltext |access-date=23 November 2018 |publisher=Lancet public health |date=22 November 2018 |archive-date=31 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531054055/https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30214-7/fulltext |url-status=live}}

The urban area of the town now extends into the neighbouring parish of Barleythorpe, to the north-west of the town centre.

==Landmarks==

Tourist attractions in Oakham include All Saints' Church and Oakham Castle. Another historic feature is the open-air market held in the town's market place every Wednesday and Saturday. Nearby is the Buttercross with an octagonal stone-slate roof and the wooden stocks – both Grade I listed buildings.{{NHLE |num=1073278 |desc=Market Cross |access-date=1 October 2006}}{{NHLE |num=1073279 |desc=Stocks |access-date=15 May 2021}}

{{main|All Saints' Church, Oakham}}

File:Oakham Castle and All Saints' Church.jpg, with the spire of All Saints' Church beyond]]

The spire of Oakham parish church, built during the 14th century, dominates distant views of the town for several miles in all directions. Restored in 1857–1858 by Sir George Gilbert Scott, the church is a Grade I listed building.{{NHLE |num=1073305 |desc=CHURCH OF ALL SAINTS, Oakham |access-date=20 June 2017}}

{{main|Oakham Castle}}

Only the great hall of the Norman castle is still standing, surrounded by steep earthworks marking the inner bailey. The hall dates from about 1180–1190. The architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner, in his Leicestershire and Rutland volume of the Buildings of England series, noted; "It is the earliest hall of any English castle surviving so completely, and it is doubly interesting in that it belonged not to a castle strictly speaking, but rather to a fortified manor house." The building is decorated with Romanesque architectural details, including six carvings of musicians. It is a Grade I listed building.{{NHLE |num=1073277 |desc=Oakham "Castle" |access-date=1 October 2006}} The hall was in use as an assize court until 1970 and is still occasionally used as a coroner's court or Crown Court. It is also licensed for weddings.

The outer bailey of the castle, which is still surrounded by low earthworks, lies to the north of the castle. Known as Cutts Close, it is now a park. The park has some deep hollows which are remnants of the castle's dried-up stew ponds (fishponds).{{Cite web |title=Oakham Castle |work=Rutland On Line |url=http://www.rutnet.co.uk//pp/Gold/viewGold.asp?id=824 |access-date=20 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301001547/http://www.rutnet.co.uk/pp/Gold/viewGold.asp?id=824 |archive-date=1 March 2007 |url-status=dead}} A {{sclass2|Castle|corvette|1}} named HMS Oakham Castle was launched in July 1944.{{Cite web |title=Castle Class Corvettes |work=Battleships-Cruisers |url=http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/castle_class_corvettes.htm |access-date=20 February 2007 |archive-date=14 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061014061342/http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/castle_class_corvettes.htm |url-status=live}}

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File:Oakham Castle Horseshoes.jpg

Traditionally, members of royalty and peers of the realm who visited or passed through the town had to pay a forfeit in the form of a horseshoe. This unique custom has been enforced for over 500 years, but nowadays it only happens on special occasions (such as royal visits), when an outsize ceremonial horseshoe, specially made and decorated, is hung in the great hall of the castle. There are now over 200 of these commemorative shoes on its walls. Not all are dated and some of the earliest (which would doubtless have been ordinary horseshoes given without ceremony by exasperated noblemen) may not have survived. The earliest datable one is an outsize example commemorating a visit by King Edward IV in about 1470. Recent horseshoes commemorate visits by Princess Anne (1999), Prince Charles (2003) and Princess Alexandra (2005). The horseshoes hang with the ends pointing down; while this is generally held to be unlucky, in Rutland this was thought to stop the Devil from sitting in the hollow. The horseshoe motif appears in the county council's arms and on Ruddles beer labels.

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{{Main|Rutland County Museum}}

The museum is located in the old Riding School of the Rutland Fencible Cavalry which was built in 1794–1795.{{cite web |title=Rutland County Museum |url=https://rutlandcountymuseum.org.uk/ |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-date=3 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103082732/https://rutlandcountymuseum.org.uk/ |url-status=live }} The museum houses a collection of objects relating to local rural and agricultural life, social history and archaeology.

{{Main|Statue of Elizabeth II, Oakham}}

A statue of Elizabeth II by Hywel Pratley was unveiled on 21 April 2024, which would have been the 98th birthday of the late Queen. The 7ft (2.1m) tall sculpture on a limestone base was commissioned by the Lord Lieutenant of Rutland and funded through donations from businesses and members of the public, at the cost of £125,000.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leicestershire-68870129|title=Rutland: Hundreds attend Queen Elizabeth II statue unveiling|work=BBC News|first=Jeremy|last=Ball|first2=Asha|last2=Patel|date=21 April 2024|access-date=23 April 2024}}

File:oakhamfront.jpg

Oakham railway station is a stop on the Birmingham–Peterborough line. It is served by two train operating companies:

• CrossCountry operates a generally hourly service between {{rws|Birmingham New Street}}, {{rws|Leicester}}, {{rws|Peterborough}}, {{rws|Cambridge}} and {{rws|Stansted Airport}}.{{Cite web |work=CrossCountry |title=Trains Timetables |date=2 June 2024 |access-date=27 August 2024 |url= https://www.crosscountrytrains.co.uk/travel-updates-information/train-timetables |quote=}}
• East Midlands Railway operate a small number of services in the morning and evening to {{rws|Norwich}}, {{rws|Nottingham}}, {{rws|Kettering}}, {{rws|Melton Mowbray}} and Peterborough.{{Cite web |work=East Midlands Railway |title=Timetables |date=2 June 2024 |access-date=27 August 2024 |url= https://www.eastmidlandsrailway.co.uk/timetables |quote=}}

Most bus services in Oakham are operated by Centrebus and Blands. Routes link the town with Corby, Melton Mowbray and Stamford.{{Cite web|title=Stops in Oakham|url=https://bustimes.org/localities/oakham-rutland |website=Bustimes.org |access-date=27 August 2024}}

The Oakham Canal connected the town to the Melton Mowbray Navigation, the River Soar and the national waterways system between 1802 and 1847.

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East Midlands and ITV Central. Television signals are received from the Waltham TV transmitter.{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Waltham|title= Full Freeview on the Waltham (Leicestershire, England) transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=25 September 2023}}

Rutland's local radio stations are BBC Radio Leicester on 104.9 FM, Smooth East Midlands on 106.6 FM, Hits Radio East Midlands on 106.0 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Midlands (which used to be Rutland Radio) on 107.2 FM, Sabras Radio on 91.0 FM and Rutland and Stamford Sound, a community based radio station which broadcast on DAB and online to the county and Stamford in Lincolnshire.{{Cite web |url=https://www.rutlandandstamfordsound.co.uk/ |title=Rutland and Stamford |access-date=26 September 2023}}

The Rutland Mercury and Rutland Times are the local newspapers that serve the area.{{Cite web |url=https://rutland-time.co.uk |title=Rutland Times |access-date=26 September 2023}}{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-emids/rutland-stamford-mercury/|title=Rutland & Stamford Mercury|date=24 May 2014|website=British Papers|accessdate=26 September 2023}}

Image:Oakham Buttercross.jpg, with Oakham School beyond]]

Oakham School is an English public school, founded together with Uppingham School in 1584. The original school building survives, north-east of the church. It has across its south front the inscription Schola Latina – Graeca – Hebraica A° 1584 and above its door a stone with an inscription in Latin, Greek and Hebrew.

Oakham School is the owner of the town's former workhouse. Built in 1836–1837 by the Oakham Poor Law Union, it held 167 inmates until its conversion into Catmose Vale Hospital. It now contains two of the school houses for girls.

Catmose College, founded in 1920, is a state-funded secondary school. Harington School is a sixth form centre next to it. Rutland County College, previously Rutland Sixth Form College, moved from the outskirts of the town to Great Casterton.

Oakham United Football Club won the Peterborough and District Football League in 2015 and gained promotion to the United Counties League First Division.Ambitious Oakham United looking to be top local side in the UCL Division One: [https://www.stamfordmercury.co.uk/sport/ambitious-oakham-united-looking-to-be-top-local-side-in-the-ucl-division-one-1-6768443/ Ambitious Oakham United looking to be top local side in the UCL Division One] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218224100/https://www.stamfordmercury.co.uk/sport/ambitious-oakham-united-looking-to-be-top-local-side-in-the-ucl-division-one-1-6768443/ |date=18 February 2020}}, accessdate 18 February 2020. It currently plays in the {{English football updater|OakhamUn}}.

Oakham Rugby Football Club plays at the Rutland Showground.

Oakham Cricket Club plays at the Lime Kilns off Cricket Lawns.

• Stuart Broad (born 1986), cricketer
• John Furley (1847–1909), cricketer
• Sir Jeffrey Hudson (1619 – c. 1682) became a royal court dwarf.
• Tom Marshall – artist and photo colouriser, grew up in Oakham.
• Thomas Merton (1915–1968), a religious scholar, studied at Oakham School in 1929–1932.
• Titus Oates (1649–1705), perjuror
• Jonnie Peacock (born 1993), Paralympic runner
• Weston Stewart (1887–1969), Anglican bishop

Oakham is twinned with:

• Barmstedt, Germany
• Dodgeville, Wisconsin, United States

File:Oakham Church perspective corrected.jpg|All Saints' Church from footpath between Church Street and Market Place

File:Oakham_Church_and_cottage.jpg|All Saints' Church seen from Northgate

File:OakhamStocks.jpg|The stocks, under the Buttercross

File:OakhamInscription.jpg|Inscription above the Old School door

File:Oakham_Cutts_Close.jpg|Cutts Close park - looking southwest towards the original Oakham School building, with the bandstand to the right

File:Hudson's Cottage, Oakham - geograph.org.uk - 65742.jpg|Plaque on Jeffery Hudson's Cottage

File:Dean's Street, Oakham - geograph.org.uk - 23833.jpg|Dean's Street, a quiet back street

File:Victoria Hall, Oakham.jpg|Victoria Hall, built 1839, serves as a community venue and public hall

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Commons category|Oakham}}

{{Wikivoyage}}

• [http://www.oakhamtowncouncil.gov.uk/ Oakham Town Council]
• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121027210654/http://www.oakhamtownpartnership.co.uk/ Oakham Town Partnership]}}
• [http://www.discoveroakham.org/ Discover Oakham]
• [http://oakham.oakhamteam.org.uk/ All Saints Church, Oakham]
• [http://www.aboutbritain.com/OakhamCastle.htm Oakham Castle]
• [http://www.rutland.gov.uk/ Rutland County Council]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060924122206/http://users.ox.ac.uk/~peter/workhouse/Oakham/Oakham.shtml Oakham workhouse]

{{Rutland}}

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Category:Towns in Rutland

Category:County towns in England

Category:Civil parishes in Rutland

Category:Market towns in Rutland