Oliver (given name)

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}

{{Infobox given name

| name = Oliver

| image = Mort de Roland.jpg

| image_size =

| caption = Mort de Roland, depicting the death of Roland in The Song of Roland. One part of the story tells how Roland's best friend Oliver died with him.

| pronunciation = {{IPAc-en|'|ɒ|l|ɪ|v|əɹ}}

| gender = masculine

| meaning = From Olivier, an Old French form of the Germanic name Alfher (literally "elf army/warrior")

| region = Medieval France, Medieval England

| language = English

| usage = English, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Estonian, Italian, Russian, Catalan, Serbian, Croatian, Macedonian, Czech, Slovak, Spanish

| languageorigin = Old French and English

| alternative spelling =

| nickname = Ollie

| related names = Olivia, Olive, Olivier, Olivér, Oliwer, Oliwier, Oliviero, Óliver

| name day =

| derived =

| popularity =

| footnotes =

}}

Oliver is a masculine given name of Old French and Medieval British origin. The name has been generally associated with the Latin term olivarius, meaning "olive tree planter",{{Cite book|title=SYMBOLA HEROICA|first=Silvestro|last=Piestrasanta|author-link=Silvester Petra Sancta |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/symbolaheroica00piet |publisher=Amstelaedami, Apud Janssonio-Waesbergios & Henr. |location=Amsterdam|year=1682|language=la|chapter=Elogium Gentis Carafaeae ac stemma procerum ejus|page=XXX (30)}}{{Cite book |title=Athenae Belgicae, sive Nomenclator infer. |first=Franciscus |last=Sweertius |author-link=:fr:François Sweerts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aIJWTu5mYwsC|publisher=Gulielmus a Tungris|location=Antwerp|year=1628|language=la|pages=588–589}} or "olive branch bearer".Barton Sholod, "Charlemagne in Spain. The Cultural Legacy of Roncesvalles", [https://books.google.com/books?id=RF5RMtPJBiMC&dq=olivarius+name+origin&pg=PA144 p. 144] Other proposed origins include the Germanic names {{lang|gem-x-proto|wulfa-}} "wolf" and {{lang|gem-x-proto|harja-|italic=yes}} "army",[http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?actie=article&wdb=VMNW&id=ID46042&lemmodern=Olivier Modern Oliver] gtb.inl.nl the Old Norse Óleifr (a genuinely West Germanic name, perhaps from ala "all" & wēra "true"—possibly cognate with Álvaro) and the Anglo-Saxon Alfhere.{{Cite web | url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/oliver |title = Oliver |work=Online Etymology Dictionary}}

Oliver is one of Charlemagne's retainers in the 11th-century Song of Roland. The name was introduced to England by the Normans, where its form was possibly influenced again by its Anglo-Saxon cognate Alfhere.{{cite web |url=http://www.ancestry.com/learn/facts/default.aspx |title=Learn about the family history of your surname |publisher=Ancestry.com |access-date=2 March 2010}}. The webpage cited the following book: {{cite book|title=A Dictionary of First Names|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-280050-7|year=1996}} It was commonly used in medieval England, but became rare after the Restoration because of the unpopularity of Oliver Cromwell. The name was revived in the 19th century, possibly inspired by the title character of Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist (1838). Pet forms of the English given name include Ollie and, in medieval times, Noll.{{Cite web|title=Oliver Cromwell - Wikipedia|url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell|access-date=2021-02-14|website=en.m.wikipedia.org|language=en}}{{Circular reference|date=February 2021}}

Modern variants include French Olivier, Hungarian Olivér, Indonesian Oliver, Irish Oilibhéar or Oilibhéir, Scottish Gaelic Oilvreis, Portuguese Olívio,{{citation |last=Mark |first=Colin |title=The Gaelic-English Dictionary | publisher=Routledge |year=2006 |location=London |isbn=0-203-22259-8 |page=715 }} Italian Oliviero, Spanish Óliver, and Polish Oliwier or Oliwer.

In 2015, Oliver was the most popular given name for boys in Australia.{{cite web|url=http://parenting.kidspot.com.au/australias-100-most-popular-baby-names/ |title=Australia's 100 most popular baby names|publisher=Kidspot|date=2 April 2013|access-date=10 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110091657/http://parenting.kidspot.com.au/australias-100-most-popular-baby-names/#.Us8-yqxBRPh|archive-date=10 January 2014}} From 2013 to 2017, Oliver was the most popular given name for baby boys born in England.

In 2022, in the United States, the name Oliver was given to 15,076 boys, making it the third most popular name.{{Cite web |title=Popular Names in 2022 - USA |url=https://www.babynamesbase.com/popular-names-in-2022/ |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=Baby Names |language=en-US}} Also in 2022, it was the sixth most popular name given to boys in Canada.{{Cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1710014701|title=Table 17-10-0147-01 First names at birth by sex at birth, selected indicators (Number)|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=2024-08-25}}

The name Oliver is on the list of the 50 most common male names in Croatia. In 2023, 116 Olivers were born in Croatia, and according to the latest census, there are currently 1,719 people living in Croatia with that name.{{Cite web |title=Zaboravljeno ime ponovno je u modi. 2023. ga je dobilo 116 beba |url=https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2577011 |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=www.index.hr |language=hr}}

Variants

  • Breton: {{lang|br|Olier}}
  • Catalan: {{lang|ca|Oliver}}
  • French: {{lang|fr|Olivier}}
  • Icelandic: {{lang|is|Óliver}}
  • Hungarian: {{lang|hu|Olivér}}
  • Indonesian: {{lang|hu|Oliver}}
  • Irish: {{lang|ga|Oilibhéar}}, {{lang|ga|Oilibhéir}}
  • Italian: {{lang|it|Olivero}}, {{lang|it|Oliviero}}
  • Māori: {{lang|mi|Ōriwa}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.maoridictionary.co.nz/|title=Ōriwa - Te Aka Māori Dictionary|website=Ōriwa - Te Aka Māori Dictionary|accessdate=10 August 2023}}
  • Old French: {{lang|fro|Olivers}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=oliver|title=Oliver Name Meaning & Oliver Family History at Ancestry.com®|website=www.ancestry.com|accessdate=10 August 2023}}
  • Polish: {{lang|pl|Oliwier}}, {{lang|pl|Oliwer}}
  • Portuguese: {{lang|pt|Olívio}}
  • Russian: {{lang|ru|Оливер}}
  • Scottish Gaelic: {{lang|gd|Oilvreis}}
  • Spanish: {{lang|es|Oliverio}}
  • Ukrainian: {{lang|uk|Олівер}}

People with the given name "Oliver" include

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Fictional characters

See also

References