People's Justice Party (Malaysia)

File:Anwar Ibrahim (cropped 1).jpg

The economy of Malaysia was affected by the 1997 Asian financial crisis.{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysianbar.org.my/article/news/legal-and-general-news/general-news/splits-in-umno-and-opposition-unity|title=Splits in Umno and Opposition unity|author=Wong Chin Huat|work=The Sun|date=17 August 2007|access-date=29 September 2021|via=Malaysian Bar|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928181719/https://www.malaysianbar.org.my/article/news/legal-and-general-news/general-news/splits-in-umno-and-opposition-unity|url-status=live}} The Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance at the time, Anwar Ibrahim has instituted a series of economic reforms and austerity measures in response. These actions were exacerbated when he tabled controversial amendments to the Anti-Corruption Act that sought to increase the powers of the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC).{{cite web|url=http://www.limkitsiang.com/archive/1999/Oct99/sg2012.htm|title=Media statement by Lim Kit Siang|author=Lim Kit Siang|publisher=Democratic Action Party|year=1999|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061108230207/http://www.limkitsiang.com/archive/1999/Oct99/sg2012.htm|archive-date=8 November 2006|url-status=dead|author-link=Lim Kit Siang}} The then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad disagreed with these measures and ultimately sacked Anwar from all his posts.{{cite web|url=https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/1998/10/mal-o03.html|title=Behind the sacking and arrest of Anwar Ibrahim|author=Peter Symonds|publisher=World Socialist Web Site|date=3 October 1998|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526075734/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/1998/10/mal-o03.html|archive-date=26 May 2018|url-status=dead}} This incident and the circumstances in which it happened led to a public outcry in what became known as the Reformasi movement, but it also resulted in the arrest and subsequent incarceration of Anwar on what many believed to be politically motivated charges of sexual misconduct and corruption.{{cite web|url=http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA280271998?open&of=ENG-381|title=[MALAYSIA] The arrest of Anwar Ibrahim and his political associates|publisher=Amnesty International|date=3 October 1998|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060607215526/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA280271998?open&of=ENG-381|archive-date=7 June 2006|url-status=dead}}

The movement, which began while the country hosted the Commonwealth Games, initially demanded the resignation of Malaysia's then-Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad, and for the end of alleged corruption and cronyism within the Barisan Nasional-led (BN) government. It would go on to become a reformist movement demanding social equality and social justice in Malaysia. The movement consisted of civil disobedience, demonstrations, sit-ins, rioting, occupations and online activism.{{Cite web |last=Suhaimi |first=Kay |date=4 May 2018 |title=Sejarah Penubuhan Parti KeADILan Rakyat dan Pakatan Harapan |url=https://iluminasi.com/bm/sejarah-penubuhan-parti-keadilan-rakyat-dan-pakatan-harapan.html |access-date=11 May 2019 |publisher=Iluminasi |language=ms}}

Once Anwar had been detained, the Reformasi movement continued to develop, with "Justice for Anwar" remaining a potent rallying call. Before his arrest, Anwar had designated his wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, as the successor of the movement. Wan Azizah developed an enormous following, attracting thousands to her speeches. For a time, these followers held massive weekend street demonstrations, mostly in Kuala Lumpur but also occasionally in Penang and other cities, for "keadilan" (justice) and against Mahathir.

Building on the momentum of Reformasi, a political movement called the Social Justice Movement ({{langx|ms|Pergerakan Keadilan Sosial}}), also known as ADIL, was launched on 10 December 1998 and was led by Wan Azizah.{{Cite web|url=http://mgrnk.tripod.com/index2.html|title=Pergerakan Keadilan Sosial (ADIL)|language=ms|publisher=Pergerakan Keadilan Sosial (ADIL)|date=10 December 1998|access-date=11 May 2019|archive-date=27 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627122406/http://mgrnk.tripod.com/index2.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2018/02/06/di-sebalik-harapan-rakyat-kepada-pkr/|title=Di sebalik harapan rakyat kepada PKR|language=ms|publisher=Free Malaysia Today|author=Zin Mahmud|date=6 February 2018|access-date=11 May 2019|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626134455/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2018/02/06/di-sebalik-harapan-rakyat-kepada-pkr/|url-status=dead}} However, facing difficulties in registering ADIL as a political party, the Reformasi movement instead merged with the Muslim Community Union of Malaysia ({{langx|ms|Ikatan Masyarakat Islam Malaysia}}), a minor Islamic political party based in Terengganu, and relaunched it as the National Justice Party ({{langx|ms|Parti Keadilan Nasional}}), also known as PKN or KeADILan, on 4 April 1999. The registration was just in time for the new party to take part in the 1999 general elections.{{cite web|url=http://www.indianmalaysian.com/sound/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=1195|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713025141/http://www.indianmalaysian.com/sound/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=1195|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 July 2011|title=PKR's watershed election|author=Azam Aris|publisher=Indian Malaysian Online|date=26 February 2008|access-date=26 May 2018}} The launch of KeADILan put to rest months of speculation about whether Wan Azizah and Anwar would merely remain in ADIL, join PAS, or try to stage a coup against UMNO. Although Keadilan was multiracial, its primary target was middle-class, middle-of-the-road Malays, particularly from UMNO. The party has been noted as having rough similarities with the now-defunct multi-racial social democratic Parti Keadilan Masyarakat Malaysia.{{cite web|url=http://www.agendadaily.com/A-Kadir-Jasin-Other-Thots/a-cautionary-tale-of-two-coalitions.html|title=A cautionary tale of two coalitions|author=A Kadir Jasin|publisher=Agenda Daily|date=21 January 2011|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=6 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106094034/http://www.agendadaily.com/A-Kadir-Jasin-Other-Thots/a-cautionary-tale-of-two-coalitions.html|url-status=dead}} The party was joined by the Democratic Action Party (DAP), the Malaysian People's Party (PRM) and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) in a big tent alliance of liberals, socialists, and Islamists known as Barisan Alternatif to take on the ruling BN coalition in the 1999 general elections.{{Cite web|url=http://www.keadilandaily.com/selepas-15-tahun-keadilan-kini-bertambah-kuat/|title=Selepas 15 tahun, KEADILAN kini bertambah kuat|language=ms|publisher=Keadilan Daily|author=Lyn Nasir|date=4 April 2014|access-date=11 May 2019|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626132957/http://www.keadilandaily.com/selepas-15-tahun-keadilan-kini-bertambah-kuat/|url-status=live}}

Between 27 and 30 September 1999, seven activists, including Keadilan leaders; Vice-President Tian Chua, Gobalakrishnan Nagapan, Youth leader Mohd Ezam Mohd Nor, Fairus Izuddin and Dr Badrul Amin Baharun; were arrested and as a result prevented from contesting in the elections.{{cite web|url=https://aliran.com/oldsite/ms990922.html|title=The Rakyat have Awakened and They want Justice|author=Francis Loh|publisher=Aliran Media|date=22 September 1999|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=15 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515191109/https://aliran.com/oldsite/ms990922.html|url-status=live}} Further arrests were made on 10 April 2001 and those arrested were subsequently charged and incarcerated under the Internal Security Act.{{cite web|url=http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA280062001?open&of=ENG-MYS|title=Malaysia: Fear of torture or ill-treatment / incommunicado detention / prisoners of conscience|publisher=Amnesty International|date=12 April 2001|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061027033717/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA280062001?open&of=ENG-MYS|archive-date=27 October 2006|url-status=dead}} They became known as the Reformasi 10.{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2004/malaysia0504/2.htm|title=II. Background: The ISA in Law and Practice|publisher=Human Rights Watch|year=2004|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305200155/https://www.hrw.org/reports/2004/malaysia0504/2.htm|url-status=live}}

The legislative elections of 29 November 1999 were convened in advance, the pretext being the start of Ramadan. As the outgoing Parliament was dissolved on 11 November, the campaign was very short, drawing strong criticism from the opposition. The party entered the campaign with many of its key leaders under arrest along with many disadvantages, as the short campaign was marked by the distribution of pornographic videocassettes implicating former Deputy Prime Minister Anwar in the villages, as well as the opposition having a lack of access to written and audiovisual media.{{cite web | url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2197_99.htm | title=MALAYSIA: Parliamentary elections Dewan Rakyat, 1999 }} As a result of the mounting disadvantages, the election saw the party winning only five parliamentary seats in the elections despite gaining 11.67% of the total votes cast. However, Wan Azizah was elected as the Member of Parliament for Permatang Pauh; the seat formerly held by her husband, Anwar Ibrahim, with a majority of 9,077 votes. The Barisan Alternatif as a whole gained 40.21% of the total votes cast with PAS winning 27 seats and DAP winning ten seats. The big opposition winner was PAS, which gained 20 seats as well as a majority in two Assemblies in the northern States of Kelantan and Terangganu. As for the BN coalition of Mahathir Mohamad, it however scored a two-thirds majority with 148 seats (despite losing 14 seats). Nevertheless, the BN coalition lost power in two of the thirteen states, along with four members of Mahathir's Cabinet who also lost their seats. For the first time in Malaysia's history, UMNO, the dominant Malay-based party which had ruled the country for 40 years since independence, received less than half of the total vote of ethnic Malays.

The post election period saw negotiations between KeADILan and Parti Rakyat Malaysia on a possible merger.{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0WDQ/is_2000_April_10/ai_61824928|title=FOCUS: Anwar's party sees future in merger with socialists|work=Kyodo News International|publisher=bnet|date=10 April 2000|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304033459/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0WDQ/is_2000_April_10/ai_61824928|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}} Despite some opposition in both parties to the move,{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/3882|title=PRM votes to dissolve, merge with Keadilan|author=Susan Loone|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=15 July 2001|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=15 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515085158/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/3882|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/5621|title=Abim factions opposition to Keadilan-PRM merger plan triggers party split|author=K Kabilan|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=23 November 2001|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=15 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515073739/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/5621|url-status=live}} a 13-point Memorandum of Understanding was eventually signed by the two parties on 5 July 2002.{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/12333|title=Leadership transition details included in Keadilan, PRM merger MoU|author=Arfaeza A Aziz|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=24 July 2002|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=15 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515174203/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/12333|url-status=live}} On 3 August 2003, the new merged entity was officially launched and assumed its current name.{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/16581|title=PKR launched, promises to be truly multi-racial|author=Beh Lih Yi|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=3 August 2003|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=5 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705092430/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/16581|url-status=live}} Somehow, as PRM had yet to be de-registered by the authorities, the remained dissidents convened a National Congress in Johor Bahru and elected a new Executive Committee led by former PRM youth leader, Hassan Abdul Karim to resume political activities on 17 April 2005.

File:Anwar Ibrahim speaking.jpg

As the new amendments to the party constitution had yet to be approved by the Registrar of Societies, candidates from PRM contested the 2004 general election using the symbol of the old National Justice Party.{{cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/18439|title=PRM to contest elections under allys symbol|author=Yap Mun Ching|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=20 January 2004|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=12 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512113108/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/18439|url-status=live}} The party fared poorly in the elections and only managed to retain one parliamentary seat, Permatang Pauh which is held by Dr Wan Azizah, despite winning 9% of the popular vote. The poor showing was later attributed to malapportionment and gerrymandering in the delineation of constituencies, with one estimate suggesting that on average, a vote for the BN government was worth 28 times the vote of a Keadilan supporter.{{cite web|url=http://malaysia-today.net/blog2006/newsncom.php?itemid=2028|title=22/01: German electoral system more democratic|author=Jacqueline Ann Surin|work=The Sun|publisher=Malaysia Today|date=6 June 2005|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218201013/http://malaysia-today.net/blog2006/newsncom.php?itemid=2028|archive-date=18 December 2007|url-status=dead}}{{unreliable source?|date=May 2018}}

On 2 September 2004, in a decision by the Federal Court, Anwar Ibrahim's sodomy conviction was overturned and he was freed. This unexpected turn of events came timely for KEADILAN which was facing flagging morale due to its dismal performance in the elections.

In December 2005 PKR organised its second national congress.{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysia-today.net/PKR/2005/11/keadilan-akan-adakan-kongres-kedua.htm|title=keADILan akan adakan kongres kedua|language=ms|publisher=Malaysia Today|date=2 November 2005|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218193945/http://www.malaysia-today.net/PKR/2005/11/keadilan-akan-adakan-kongres-kedua.htm|archive-date=18 December 2007|url-status=dead}}{{unreliable source?|date=May 2018}} Among the motions passed was the New Economic Agenda{{cite web|first=Anwar|last=Ibrahim|url=http://www.jahilgoblog.net/image/mea.pdf|title=New Economic Agenda|publisher=jahilgoblog.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025195423/http://www.jahilgoblog.net/image/mea.pdf |archive-date=25 October 2020 }} that envisioned a non-racial economic policy to replace the race-based New Economic Policy. PKR managed a breakthrough into Sarawak politics in May 2006. In Sarawak state elections, Dominique Ng, a lawyer and activist, won in the Padungan constituency in Kuching, a majority Chinese locale. KEADILAN lost narrowly in Saribas, a Malay-Melanau constituency by just 94 votes. Sarawak is a traditional BN stronghold. PKR has also pursued an aggressive strategy of getting key personalities from within and outside politics. In July 2006, Khalid Ibrahim, former CEO of Permodalan Nasional Berhad and Guthrie, was appointed as Treasurer of the PKR.

In the 2008 elections, PKR won 31 seats in Parliament, with the DAP and PAS making substantial gains as well with 28 seats and 23 seats respectively. In total, the taking of 82 seats by the opposition to BN's 140 seats made it the best performance in Malaysian history by the opposition, and denied BN the two-thirds majority required to make constitutional changes in the Dewan Rakyat.

PKR also successfully contested the state legislative elections which saw the loose coalition of PKR, DAP and PAS forming coalition governments in the states of Kelantan, Kedah, Penang, Perak and Selangor. The offices of the Menteri Besar of Selangor and the Deputy Chief Minister of Penang were held by KEADILAN elected representatives, Khalid Ibrahim and Mohd Fairus Khairuddin, respectively.

On 14 April 2008, Anwar celebrated his official return to the political stage, as his ban from public office expired a decade after he was sacked as deputy prime minister. One of the main reasons the opposition seized a third of parliamentary seats and five states in the worst ever showing for the BN coalition that has ruled for half a century, was due to him leading at the helm.{{cite web|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hFSMeru-BqR2BIAOAQY_ul-3Klhg|title=Malaysian opposition leader Anwar marks end of political ban|work=Agence France-Presse|date=12 April 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002110627/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hFSMeru-BqR2BIAOAQY_ul-3Klhg|archive-date=2 October 2012|url-status=dead}} A gathering of more than 10,000 supporters greeted Anwar in a rally welcoming back his return to politics. In the midst of the rally, police interrupted Anwar after he had addressed the rally for nearly half an hour and forced him to stop the gathering.{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysia-today.net/2008/04/15/malaysia-police-halt-anwar-speech/|title=Malaysia police halt Anwar speech|work=Agence France-Presse and Google|publisher=Malaysia Today|date=15 April 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=17 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217133650/https://www.malaysia-today.net/2008/04/15/malaysia-police-halt-anwar-speech/|url-status=live}}{{unreliable source?|date=May 2018}}

Malaysia's government intensified its efforts on 6 March to portray opposition figure Anwar Ibrahim as political turncoats, days ahead of Malaysian general election, 2008 on 8 March that would determine whether he posed a legitimate threat to the ruling coalition.{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/06/malaysia.elections.ap/index.html|title=Malaysia government attacks Anwar|publisher=CNN|date=6 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921232324/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/06/malaysia.elections.ap/index.html|archive-date=21 September 2008|url-status=dead}} Campaigning wrapped up 7 March for general elections that would see gains for Malaysia's opposition amid anger over race and religion among minority Chinese and Indians.{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/07/malay.elex.ap/index.html|title=Malaysian PM suffers election shock|publisher=CNN|date=8 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612112135/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/07/malay.elex.ap/index.html|archive-date=12 June 2008|url-status=dead}} Malaysians voted on 8 March 2008 in parliamentary elections. Election results showed that the ruling government suffered a setback when it failed to obtain two-thirds majority in parliament, and five out of 12 state legislatures were won by the opposition parties.{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7284682.stm|title=Election setback for Malaysia PM|work=BBC News|date=8 March 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-date=13 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313215030/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7284682.stm|url-status=live}} Reasons for the setback of the ruling party, which had retained power since the nation declared independence in 1957, were the rising inflation, crime and ethnic tensions.{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/09/malaysia.elections/index.html|title=Malaysia's PM rejects calls to resign|publisher=CNN|date=6 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608223102/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/03/09/malaysia.elections/index.html|archive-date=8 June 2008|url-status=dead}}

Malaysia's government and ruling coalition declared defeat in a landslide victory in the by-election by Anwar Ibrahim. Muhammad Muhammad Taib, information chief of the United Malays National Organisation which leads the BN coalition stated: Yes of course we have lost . . . we were the underdogs going into this race.{{cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=4470&icid=4&d_str=20080826|title=Malaysian government declares by-election defeat to Anwar|work=Agence France-Presse|publisher=The Standard (Hong Kong)|date=26 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220200743/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=4470&icid=4&d_str=20080826|archive-date=20 December 2011|url-status=dead}} Malaysia's Election Commission officials announced Anwar won by an astounding majority against Arif Shah Omar Shah of National Front coalition and over Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi's UMNO.{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7581446.stm|title=Anwar Ibrahim wins landslide vote|work=BBC News|date=26 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-date=11 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511111215/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7581446.stm|url-status=live}} Reuters reported that according to news website Malaysiakini, Anwar Ibrahim had won with a majority of 16,210 votes. He had won 26,646 votes, while BN's Arif Omar won 10,436 votes.{{cite web|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-malaysia-anwar/website-says-anwar-wins-malaysia-vote-with-big-majority-idUKKLR31057520080826|title=Website says Anwar wins Malaysia vote with big majority|author1=David Chance|author2=Faisal Aziz|author3=Alex Richardson|publisher=Reuters (UK)|date=26 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-date=13 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513011210/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-malaysia-anwar/website-says-anwar-wins-malaysia-vote-with-big-majority-idUKKLR31057520080826|url-status=dead}} Anwar's People's Justice Party's spokeswoman Ginie Lim told BBC: "We won already. We are far ahead".

On 28 August 2008, Anwar, dressed in a dark blue traditional Malay outfit and black "songkok" hat, took the oath at the main chamber of Parliament house in Kuala Lumpur, as MP for Permatang Pauh at 10.03 am before Speaker Tan Sri Pandikar Amin Mulia. He formally declared Anwar the leader of the 3-party opposition alliance. With his wife Wan Azizah Wan Ismail and his daughter Nurul Izzah Anwar, also a parliamentarian, Anwar announced: "I'm glad to be back after a decade. The prime minister has lost the mandate of the country and the nation".{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/08/27/malaysia.anwar.ap/|title=Anwar sworn in as member of Malaysian parliament|publisher=CNN|date=28 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080924043225/http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/08/27/malaysia.anwar.ap/|archive-date=24 September 2008|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=https://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-35210120080828|title=NEWSMAKER – Malaysia Anwar sworn in, ends political exile|author=Faisal Aziz|publisher=Reuters India|date=28 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-date=12 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112025057/http://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-35210120080828|url-status=dead}} Anwar needed at least 30 government lawmakers especially from Sabah and Sarawak MPs' votes to defect to form a government.{{cite web|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jl2uOGMOucxq_mE5rD3BAogvtmmQ|title=Malaysia's Anwar returns to parliament|publisher=Agence France-Presse and Google|date=27 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520164327/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jl2uOGMOucxq_mE5rD3BAogvtmmQ|archive-date=20 May 2011|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.theedgedaily.com/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.article.Article_70d784f0-cb73c03a-11151520-ee17815a|title=Anwar sworn in, appointed as Opposition Leader|publisher=The Edge Daily|date=28 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829114257/http://www.theedgedaily.com/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.article.Article_70d784f0-cb73c03a-11151520-ee17815a|archive-date=29 August 2008|url-status=dead}}

In June 2010, Suara Keadilan's publication was suspended for publishing a report which claimed a government agency is bankrupt. Suara Keadilan is run by opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim's PKR party. The Home Ministry, which oversees Malaysia's newspapers, said it was not satisfied with the paper's explanation for the allegedly inaccurate report.{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iCE_3NhRLnZWOn6HCm3DDPaXTY0w|title=Malaysia suspends main opposition newspaper|publisher=Agence France-Presse and Google|date=29 June 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705110259/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iCE_3NhRLnZWOn6HCm3DDPaXTY0w|archive-date=5 July 2010|url-status=dead}}

{{main|Kajang Move}}

In 2014, the Party's Strategy Director then Vice-President-cum-Secretary-General, Rafizi Ramli initiated the failed Kajang Move in a bid to topple the 14th Menteri Besar of Selangor, Abdul Khalid Ibrahim, and install the party's de facto leader Anwar Ibrahim as his replacement. The political manoeuvre resulted in a nine-month political crisis within the state of Selangor and the Pakatan Rakyat coalition, that also involved the palace of Selangor, a by-election costing RM1.6 million in taxpayers’ money, the party losing one seat in Selangor's assembly and Malaysian Parliament. PKR also ended up not getting the Menteri Besar that it wanted.{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/2-out-of-3-kajang-move-aims-met-with-the-last-on-the-way-says-pkrs-rafizi|title=2 out of 3 Kajang Move aims met with the last on the way, says PKR's Rafizi|author=Eileen Ng|publisher=The Malaysian Insider|date=5 October 2014|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129212354/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/2-out-of-3-kajang-move-aims-met-with-the-last-on-the-way-says-pkrs-rafizi|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=dead}} The crisis concluded with the appointment of PKR's Deputy President, Azmin Ali, as the 15th Menteri Besar of Selangor. Most analysts say that the Kajang Move was a great failure.{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/with-azmin-as-mb-the-failure-of-pkrs-kajang-move-say-analysts|title=With Azmin as MB, the failure of PKR's Kajang Move, say analysts|author=Eileen Ng|publisher=The Malaysian Insider|date=23 September 2014|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925073208/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/with-azmin-as-mb-the-failure-of-pkrs-kajang-move-say-analysts|archive-date=25 September 2014|url-status=dead}}

On 12 September 2018, the incumbent Danyal Balagopal Abdullah resigned as Member of Parliament for Port Dickson to allow Anwar Ibrahim, who had been granted a royal pardon by the country's monarch the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to re-enter parliament after a 3-year absence. The resignation caused the Port Dickson by-election, 2018 and was dubbed the 'PD Move'. Anwar won the seat with an increased majority against six other candidates.{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/opinion/columnists/analysis/2018/09/13/anwar-to-make-his-grand-return-in-pd-it-is-a-sure-win-for-datuk-seri-anwar-ibrahim-in-port-dickson-b/|title=Anwar to make his grand return in PD|author=Joceline Tan|work=The Star Online|date=13 September 2018|access-date=14 October 2018|archive-date=14 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914130631/https://www.thestar.com.my/opinion/columnists/analysis/2018/09/13/anwar-to-make-his-grand-return-in-pd-it-is-a-sure-win-for-datuk-seri-anwar-ibrahim-in-port-dickson-b/|url-status=live}}

The 2020 Malaysian political crisis culminated in the collapse of the Pakatan Harapan government. The political crisis began when several political forces, including then PKR deputy president Azmin Ali, attempted to depose the current government led by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad by forming a new government without going through a general election. This was achieved through backroom deals popularly known as the Sheraton Move, which saw the withdrawal of BERSATU from the coalition as well as the exit of Azmin Ali along with 10 other PKR MPs. This deprived the coalition of its majority and paved the way for Muhyiddin Yassin, the President of BERSATU, to form a backdoor government positioning himself as Prime Minister with the support of the newly formed Perikatan Nasional coalition.

During the political crisis, in a Facebook Live broadcast of a night prayer session at Anwar Ibrahim's residence, Anwar said that he had been informed of a "treachery" being committed that involved "former friends from BERSATU and a small group from PKR".{{cite news |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/malaysia-anwar-mahathir-pakatan-harapan-umno-pas-12462606 |title=Anwar Ibrahim says he has been betrayed by Pakatan Harapan partners amid talk of new ruling coalition |work=Channel Newsasia |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=26 February 2020 |archive-date=26 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226160122/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/malaysia-anwar-mahathir-pakatan-harapan-umno-pas-12462606 |url-status=live }} Azmin Ali, in a later statement, claimed that his action was to protect then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, who was forced to choose a date for the transition of power during Pakatan Harapan's presidential meeting on 21 February, and that the statutory declaration presented to the Agong was to cement support for Mahathir, not to elect a new prime minister.{{cite news |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/02/25/team-azmin-distributes-sd-to-cement-support-for-dr-m-not-form-new-govt-says-ex-pkr-leader/ |title=Team Azmin distributes SD to cement support for Dr M, not form new govt, says ex-PKR leader |work=Free Malaysia Today |date=25 February 2020 |access-date=1 March 2020 |archive-date=26 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226154710/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/02/25/team-azmin-distributes-sd-to-cement-support-for-dr-m-not-form-new-govt-says-ex-pkr-leader/ |url-status=live }} He further said that the real traitor was the faction that tried to usurp Mahathir.{{cite news |url=https://www.thesundaily.my/local/move-was-to-protect-mahathir-azmin-ali-KA2046914 |title='Move was to protect Mahathir': Azmin Ali |work=The Sun Daily |date=25 February 2020 |access-date=1 March 2020 |archive-date=1 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301081856/https://www.thesundaily.my/local/move-was-to-protect-mahathir-azmin-ali-KA2046914 |url-status=live }}

On 24 February 2020, PKR held a press conference where its general secretary, Saifuddin Nasution Ismail, announced that Azmin and vice-president Zuraida Kamaruddin had been sacked by the party.{{cite news |url=https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/azmin-zuraida-sacked-from-pkr/ar-BB10jqFy?li=BBr8Hnu |title=Azmin, Zuraida sacked from PKR |date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |work=MSN |archive-date=24 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224082254/https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/azmin-zuraida-sacked-from-pkr/ar-BB10jqFy%3Fli%3DBBr8Hnu |url-status=live }} Saifuddin explained that they were expelled due to their actions on 23 February which went against the party's official line regarding the position of Prime Minister.{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2020/02/24/azmin-zuraida-sacked-from-party-of-malaysias-anwar-ibrahim.html |title=Azmin, Zuraida sacked from party of Malaysia's Anwar Ibrahim |work=The Jakarta Post |date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |archive-date=24 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224093059/https://www.thejakartapost.com/amp/seasia/2020/02/24/azmin-zuraida-sacked-from-party-of-malaysias-anwar-ibrahim.html |url-status=live }} Azmin later announced that he would be forming an independent bloc in parliament along with Zuraida and nine other Azmin-aligned PKR MPs who left the party following his expulsion.{{cite news |url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/02/24/azmin-and-zuraida-seen-entering-dr-ms-seri-kembangan-house-after-his-resign/1840391 |title=Azmin and Zuraida seen entering Dr M's Seri Kembangan house after his resignation as PM |work=Malay Mail |date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |archive-date=24 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224082257/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/02/24/azmin-and-zuraida-seen-entering-dr-ms-seri-kembangan-house-after-his-resign/1840391 |url-status=live }} A large number of PKR grassroots members aligned with Azmin's camp left the party once the political crisis began, including thousands of members across the country{{cite news |url=https://www.hmetro.com.my/node/549609/amp |title=2,000 ahli PKR Pasir Puteh keluar parti |work=Harian Metro |language=ms |trans-title=2,000 PKR Pasir Puteh members left the party |date=29 February 2020 |access-date=20 March 2020 |archive-date=20 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320090652/https://www.hmetro.com.my/node/549609/amp |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.bharian.com.my/node/661111/amp |title=563 ahli PKR Cabang Kota Raja keluar parti |language=ms |trans-title=563 Kota Raja PKR branch members left the party |work=Berita Harian |date=1 March 2020 |access-date=20 March 2020 |archive-date=20 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320090103/https://www.bharian.com.my/node/661111/amp |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/72266/BERITA/Politik/Ahli-PKR-Perak-keluar-parti-berjemaah |title=Ahli PKR Perak keluar parti 'berjemaah'|language=ms |trans-title=Perak PKR members left the party 'together' |date=2 March 2020 |access-date=20 March 2020 |work=Sinar Harian |archive-date=20 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320091359/https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/72266/BERITA/Politik/Ahli-PKR-Perak-keluar-parti-berjemaah |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.bernama.com/bm/politik/news.php?id=1821535 |title=500 ahli PKR Cabang Arau dan Padang Besar keluar parti |language=ms |trans-title=500 Arau PKR branch members left the party |work=Bernama |date=15 March 2020 |access-date=21 March 2020 |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716143428/https://www.bernama.com/bm/politik/news.php?id=1821535 |url-status=live }} along with three Kelantan division chiefs who announced their resignation on 26 February.{{cite news |url=https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/512349 |title=Tiga ketua cabang PKR Kelantan isytihar keluar parti |language=ms |trans-title=Three Kelantan PKR branch leaders announces leaving the party |date=26 February 2020 |access-date=21 March 2020 |work=MalaysiaKini |archive-date=21 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321061836/https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/512349 |url-status=live }}

On 4 March 2020, the Penang Exco of Agriculture, Agro-based Industries, Rural Development and Health, Afif Bahardin, resigned from his position in Penang State Executive Council.{{cite news |url=https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/azmin-ally-afif-quits-as-penang-exco/ar-BB10IuvS |title=Azmin ally Afif quits as Penang exco |work=MSN |date=4 March 2020 |access-date=4 March 2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714090503/https://www.msn.com/en-my/news/national/azmin-ally-afif-quits-as-penang-exco/ar-BB10IuvS |url-status=live }} Aligned with Azmin Ali's camp,{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/04/afif-bahardin-forced-to-resign-from-state-govt |title=Afif Bahardin forced to resign from state govt |date=4 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |work=The Star (Malaysia) |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714112124/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/04/afif-bahardin-forced-to-resign-from-state-govt |url-status=live }} he claimed to have been pressured by party leadership to resign from his post.{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/04/i-was-pressured-to-resign-as-exco-claims-dr-afif |title=I was pressured to resign as exco, claims Dr Afif |date=4 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |work=The Star (Malaysia) |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714090505/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/04/i-was-pressured-to-resign-as-exco-claims-dr-afif |url-status=live }} He was replaced by Norlela Ariffin, the MLA for Penanti, who was appointed as the new state councillor and sworn in on 12 March.{{cite news |url=https://www.nst.com.my/node/573040/amp |work=New Straits Times |title=PKR's Norlela Ariffin replaces Penang exco Afif Bahardin |date=9 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |archive-date=10 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200310211148/https://www.nst.com.my/node/573040/amp |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.hmetro.com.my/mutakhir/2020/03/553835/dr-norlela-angkat-sumpah |title=Dr Norlela angkat sumpah |language=ms |trans-title=Dr Norlela sworn in |date=12 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |work=Harian Metro |archive-date=12 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312224148/https://www.hmetro.com.my/mutakhir/2020/03/553835/dr-norlela-angkat-sumpah |url-status=live }} On the same day, Chong Fat Full, the Azmin-aligned MLA of Pemanis in Johor, announced his resignation from the party to become a Perikatan-aligned independent. This handed the alliance a marginal 29-27 majority in the state assembly and allowed the takeover of a key Harapan state.{{cite news |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/513241 |title=PKR rep quits, gives Perikatan majority in Johor |work=MalaysiaKini |date=4 March 2020 |access-date=4 March 2020 |archive-date=4 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304093320/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/513241 |url-status=live }}

The collapse of Harapan governments at the state level continued on 12 May in Kedah when two Azmin-aligned MLAs, Robert Ling Kui Ee of Sidam and Azman Nasrudin of Lunas, left the party to become Perikatan-aligned independents.{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/12/pkr039s-sidam-rep-cites-loss-of-confidence-in-anwar-for-leaving-party |title=PKR's Sidam rep cites loss of confidence in Anwar for leaving party |date=12 May 2020 |access-date=12 May 2020 |work=The Star (Malaysia) |archive-date=17 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517120128/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/12/pkr039s-sidam-rep-cites-loss-of-confidence-in-anwar-for-leaving-party |url-status=live }} Along with four of six BERSATU MLAs defecting, their withdrawal to Perikatan gave the coalition a 23-13 majority and allowed Kedah state opposition leader, Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor, to announce the formation of a new government with PAS at the helm, taking over from the previous BERSATU Chief Minister, Mukhriz Mahathir, who was aligned to Pakatan Harapan.{{cite news|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/05/12/kedah-opposition-leader-announces-formation-of-perikatan-state-govt-collaps/1865438|title=Kedah Opposition leader announces formation of Perikatan state govt, collapse of Pakatan and Mukhriz's reign as MB|date=12 May 2020|access-date=12 May 2020|work=Malay Mail|archive-date=21 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521112643/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/05/12/kedah-opposition-leader-announces-formation-of-perikatan-state-govt-collaps/1865438|url-status=live}}{{cite news | url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/12/kedah-pas-says-23-reps-have-lost-confidence-in-mukhriz | title=Kedah PAS says 23 reps have lost confidence in Mukhriz | date=12 May 2020 | access-date=12 May 2020 | work=The Star (Malaysia) | archive-date=17 May 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517052312/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/05/12/kedah-pas-says-23-reps-have-lost-confidence-in-mukhriz | url-status=live }} Another departure followed on 17 May as Srikandi Keadilan Chief, Nurainie Haziqah Shafii, left the party claiming to have "lost confidence in the struggle and the direction of PKR".{{Cite web|url = https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/83953/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-Srikandi-PKR-keluar-parti|title = Ketua Srikandi PKR keluar parti|date = 17 May 2020|access-date = 14 July 2020|archive-date = 14 July 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200714190447/https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/83953/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-Srikandi-PKR-keluar-parti|url-status = live}}

The month of June witnessed more departures of PKR members and representatives, beginning with MP for Lubok Antu, Jugah Muyang, resigning from the party on 5 June. He was previously elected as an independent before joining PKR after they formed the federal government, but left the party for BERSATU after it became the new ruling party, joining it along with the independent MP of Bukit Gantang, Syed Abu Hussin Hafiz, who was previously elected under UMNO.{{Cite web |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/06/05/pkr-veep-from-sarawak-quits-party-pledges-loyalty-to-muhyiddin-gps/ |title=PKR MP from Sarawak quits party, pledges loyalty to Muhyiddin, GPS|publisher=Free Malaysia Today |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627222523/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/06/05/pkr-veep-from-sarawak-quits-party-pledges-loyalty-to-muhyiddin-gps/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.theborneopost.com/2020/06/06/lubok-antu-mp-pledges-support-for-muhyiddin-pn-coalition/|title=Lubok Antu MP pledges support for Muhyiddin, PN coalition|date=6 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714125443/https://www.theborneopost.com/2020/06/06/lubok-antu-mp-pledges-support-for-muhyiddin-pn-coalition/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/06/696913/jugah-keluar-pkr-ikrar-sokong-pm|title=Jugah keluar PKR, ikrar sokong PM|date=5 June 2020|access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=5 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605193301/https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/06/696913/jugah-keluar-pkr-ikrar-sokong-pm|url-status=live}} The departure of Azmin allies continued when Daroyah Alwi, the Deputy Speaker & Exco of the Selangor state assembly as well as the Women's Deputy Chief, announced her resignation from the party to became a Perikatan-aligned independent on 13 June,{{Cite web|last=Zain|first=Oleh Ruwaida Md|date=2020-06-13|title=Dr Daroyah Alwi bawa 35 pemimpin, akar umbi keluar PKR|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/06/699913/dr-daroyah-alwi-bawa-35-pemimpin-akar-umbi-keluar-pkr|access-date=2020-07-08|website=BH Online|language=ms|archive-date=14 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614025819/https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/06/699913/dr-daroyah-alwi-bawa-35-pemimpin-akar-umbi-keluar-pkr|url-status=live}} followed by Afif Bahardin, the former Youth Deputy Chief, on 24 June,{{Cite web|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/06/24/penang-rep-dr-afif-bahardin-drops-pkr-for-bersatu/1878416|title=Penang rep Dr Afif Bahardin drops PKR for Bersatu | Malay Mail|date=24 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130102419/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/06/24/penang-rep-dr-afif-bahardin-drops-pkr-for-bersatu/1878416|url-status=live}} Meanwhile, Haniza Talha, the PKR Women's Chief, was sacked by the party on 29 June{{Cite web|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/06/29/pkr-confirms-sacking-of-five-leaders-including-womens-chief-haniza-talha/1879717|title=PKR confirms sacking of five leaders including Women's chief Haniza Talha|publisher=Malay Mail|date=29 June 2020 |access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714095904/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/06/29/pkr-confirms-sacking-of-five-leaders-including-womens-chief-haniza-talha/1879717|url-status=live}} and was forced to resign as a State Exco member on 11 July.{{Cite news|url=https://www.edgeprop.my/content/1710194/selangor-mb-haniza-talha-no-longer-state-exco-member|title=EdgeProp.my|access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714064657/https://www.edgeprop.my/content/1710194/selangor-mb-haniza-talha-no-longer-state-exco-member|url-status=live}} Haniza described PKR's decision to sack her from the party as an “act of revenge”.{{Cite web|url = https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/532284|title = Haniza describes her sacking as an 'act of revenge'|date = 29 June 2020|access-date = 14 July 2020|archive-date = 14 July 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200714065418/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/532284|url-status = live}} On the same day, she was replaced by Kuantan MP, Fuziah Salleh, as the party's new Women's Chief.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/07/11/fuziah-salleh-appointed-new-pkr-women039s-chief|title=Fuziah Salleh appointed new PKR women's chief|access-date=14 July 2020|archive-date=12 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200712031918/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/07/11/fuziah-salleh-appointed-new-pkr-women039s-chief|url-status=live}}

Salleh Said Keruak, a prominent politician from UMNO, cancelled his application to join PKR on 30 June citing the party's internal turmoil. He said the decision was made in April, and with the cancellation, remained an independent since leaving UMNO in 2018 before rejoining the party in September 2020. Previously, Salleh had applied to join PKR in October of the previous year.{{Cite web|url = https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/90089/BERITA/Politik/Salleh-batalkan-permohonan-sertai-PKR|title = Salleh batalkan permohonan sertai PKR|date = 30 June 2020|access-date = 14 July 2020|archive-date = 15 July 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200715152550/https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/90089/BERITA/Politik/Salleh-batalkan-permohonan-sertai-PKR|url-status = live}}

The departures continued throughout July when Terengganu Women's Chief, Sharifah Norhayati Syed Omar Alyahya, left PKR along with 131 other members on 1 July, claiming injustice in the party's top leadership.{{Cite web|url = https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/07/706324/ketua-wanita-pkr-terengganu-keluar-parti|title = Ketua Wanita PKR Terengganu keluar parti|date = July 2020|access-date = 14 July 2020|archive-date = 13 September 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200913074633/https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/07/706324/ketua-wanita-pkr-terengganu-keluar-parti|url-status = live}} This was followed by Penang MLA of Sungai Acheh, Zulkifli Ibrahim, who was sacked from PKR before joining BERSATU on 4 July.{{Cite web |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/07/04/after-being-sacked-from-pkr-sg-acheh-rep-zulkifli-ibrahim-to-support-pn/ |title=After being sacked from PKR, Sg Acheh rep Zulkifli Ibrahim to support PN | Free Malaysia Today |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=4 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704132629/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/07/04/after-being-sacked-from-pkr-sg-acheh-rep-zulkifli-ibrahim-to-support-pn/ |url-status=live }} On the same day, two municipal councillors, Jess Choy of Selayang and Shoba Selvarajoo of Shah Alam, resigned from the party.{{Cite web |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/06/04/2-pkr-councillors-quit-party/ |title=2 PKR councillors quit party | Free Malaysia Today |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627225020/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/06/04/2-pkr-councillors-quit-party/ |url-status=live }} This was followed Jempol division chief, Karip Mohd Salleh, who left the party with 25 other members for Perikatan Nasional on 15 July.{{Cite web|url=https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/92332/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-PKR-Cabang-Jempol-isytihar-keluar-parti|title=Ketua PKR Cabang Jempol isytihar keluar parti|date=15 July 2020|access-date=15 July 2020|archive-date=15 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715223533/https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/92332/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-PKR-Cabang-Jempol-isytihar-keluar-parti|url-status=live}} On 30 July, MLA of Inanam & Sabah's Assistant Minister of Finance, Kenny Chua Teck Ho, was sacked for backing UMNO's Musa Aman as Chief Minister of Sabah.{{Cite web|url = https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/536717|title = LIVE | Assembly dissolution gazetted, Musa shows he has the numbers|date = 30 July 2020|access-date = 30 July 2020|archive-date = 30 July 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200730061743/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/536717|url-status = live}}

BERSATU's Kuala Krau Division Chief, Mohamad Rafidee Hashim, left the party and joined PKR on 9 August, stating his action was because "the party was more consistent and principled in its efforts to fight for reform".{{cite news|url=https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/95836/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-Bersatu-Kuala-Krau-keluar-parti-sertai-PKR|title=Bekas Ketua Bersatu Kuala Krau keluar parti, sertai PKR|date=9 August 2020|access-date=9 August 2020|work=Sinar Harian|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130102420/https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/95836/BERITA/Politik/Ketua-Bersatu-Kuala-Krau-keluar-parti-sertai-PKR|url-status=live}}

The defections continued when two MPs, Steven Choong of Tebrau and Larry Sng of Julau became independents on 27 and 28 February 2021. They would go on to form the Parti Bangsa Malaysia (PBM) and declare their support for the ruling Perikatan Nasional coalition.{{Cite web |url=https://www.malaysianow.com/news/2021/02/28/2-pkr-mps-quit-declare-support-for-muhyiddin-in-blow-to-party/ |title=2 PKR MPS quit, declare support for Muhyiddin in blow to party |date=28 February 2021 |access-date=13 March 2021 |archive-date=11 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311135013/https://www.malaysianow.com/news/2021/02/28/2-pkr-mps-quit-declare-support-for-muhyiddin-in-blow-to-party/ |url-status=live }}

The exodus of MPs ended on 13 March 2021 when PKR vice-president Xavier Jayakumar of Kuala Langat announced his resignation as both vice-president and party member, citing his 'frustrations' by the events of the past year and subsequently becoming a Perikatan-aligned independent MP.{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/03/13/kuala-langat-mp-xavier-jayakumar-leaves-pkr|title=Kuala Langat MP Xavier Jayakumar leaves PKR|author=Wani Muthiah|date=13 March 2021|work=The Star|access-date=13 March 2021|archive-date=13 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313023157/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/03/13/kuala-langat-mp-xavier-jayakumar-leaves-pkr|url-status=live}}

A supporter of liberal democracy,{{cite book|editor=Zairil Khir Johari |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W9j7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA130 |title=Finding Malaysia making Sense of an Eccentric Nation |date=2016 |publisher=SIRD | isbn=9789672165972}} PKR's constitution has as one of their core principles,{{cite web|url=http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=23&Itemid=33|title=Core Principles|publisher=People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|date=4 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304163819/http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=23&Itemid=33|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}} the establishment of "a society that is just and a nation that is democratic, progressive and united". In practice, the party has primarily focused on promoting social justice,{{cite web|url=http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=683&Itemid=38|title=KEADILAN questions progress of gender equality|publisher=People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|date=4 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304163911/http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=683&Itemid=38|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}} economic justice,{{cite web|url=http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=643&Itemid=38|title=Fair share of oil revenue for Sabah: Jeffrey|publisher=People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|date=4 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304163830/http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=643&Itemid=38|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}}{{cite journal|title=Ethnic Politics in Malaysia: Prospects for National Integration|journal=Nationalism and Ethnic Politics|volume=19|issue=2|author=Noriyuki Segawa|publisher=Taylor & Francis Online|date=29 May 2013|pages=210–232|doi=10.1080/13537113.2013.788918|s2cid=144977212}} eliminating political corruption{{cite web|url=http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=637&Itemid=38|title=Education Expenditure & Contracts|publisher=People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|date=4 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304163825/http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=637&Itemid=38|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}} and human rights issues{{cite web|url=http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=665&Itemid=38|title=Malaysian opposition politician arrested at protest over village demolition|publisher=People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|date=4 March 2008|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304163839/http://en.keadilanrakyat.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=665&Itemid=38|archive-date=4 March 2008|url-status=dead}} within a non-ethnic framework.{{cite journal|title=Malaysia — democracy and the end of ethnic politics?|journal=Australian Journal of International Affairs|volume=62|issue=4|author=Maznah Mohamad|publisher=Taylor & Francis Online|date=28 November 2008|pages=441–459|doi=10.1080/10357710802480691|s2cid=154845768}}

President

Deputy President

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{{col-2}}

• President:
• Anwar Ibrahim
• Deputy President:
• Nurul Izzah Anwar
• Vice Presidents (elected):
• Amirudin Shari
• Ramanan Ramakrishnan
• Aminuddin Harun
• Chang Lih Kang
• Vice Presidents (appointed):
• Women's Chief:
• Fadhlina Sidek
• Youth Chief:
• Muhammad Kamil Abdul Munim
• Secretary-General:
• Fuziah Salleh
• Treasurer:
• William Leong Jee Keen
• Information Chief:
• Chief Organising Secretary:
• Communications Director:
• Strategy Director:
• State Chairman:
• Perlis:
• Kedah
• Kelantan
• Terengganu:
• Penang:
• Perak:
• Pahang:
• Selangor:
• Federal Territories:
• Negeri Sembilan:
• Malacca:
• Johor:
• Sabah: Mustapha Sakmud
• Sarawak:

{{col-2}}

• Central Leadership Council Members (elected):
• Fahmi Fadzil
• Adam Adli
• Chan Ming Kai
• Gunarajah George
• Mohd Azlan Helmi
• Maszlee Malik
• Goh Choon Aik
• Nor Azrina Surip
• Elizabeth Wong Keat Ping
• {{ill|Abang Zulkifli Abang Engkeh|ms}}
• Siti Aishah Shaik Ismail
• Syed Ahmad Syed Abdul Rahman Al-Hadad
• Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir
• {{ill|Amidi Abdul Manan|ms}}
• Lee Chean Chung
• Nor Azam Karap
• Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh
• Kumaresan Aramugam
• Sim Chon Siang
• Sivamalar Ganapathy
• Central Leadership Council Members (appointed):
• State Deputy Chairman:
• Perlis:
• Kedah
• Kelantan
• Terengganu:
• Penang:
• Perak:
• Pahang:
• Selangor:
• Federal Territories:
• Negeri Sembilan:
• Malacca:
• Johor:
• Sabah:
• Sarawak:

{{col-end}}

{{main|Members of the Dewan Negara, 15th Malaysian Parliament}}

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

• His Majesty's appointee:
• Saifuddin Nasution Ismail
• Saraswathy Kandasami
• Fuziah Salleh
• Abun Sui Anyit
• {{ill|Manolan Mohamad|ms|Manolan Mohamad}}
• Tengku Zafrul Aziz
• {{ill|Isaiah Jacob|ms|Isaiah Jacob}} (Kuala Lumpur)
• Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly:
• Ahmad Azam Hamzah
• Penang State Legislative Assembly:
• Amir Md Ghazali
• Selangor State Legislative Assembly:
• {{ill|Mohammad Redzuan Othman|ms|Mohammad Redzuan Othman}}

{{div col end}}

{{main|Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 15th Malaysian Parliament}}

PKR has 31 members in the House of Representatives.

{{main|List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2023–present)}}

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Selangor State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|12|56|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Penang State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|7|40|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|5|36|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Kedah State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|2|36|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

{{col-4}}

Johor State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|1|56|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Perak State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|5|59|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Perlis State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|1|15|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

{{col-4}}

Pahang State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|3|47|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Sabah State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|2|79|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Sarawak State Legislative Assembly {{Composition bar|0|82|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

{{col-4}}

Malacca State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|0|28|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Kelantan State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|0|45|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

Terengganu State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|0|33|hex={{People's Justice Party (Malaysia)/meta/shading}}}}

{{col-end}}

• List of political parties in Malaysia
• Malaysian General Election
• Politics of Malaysia
• Pakatan Rakyat
• Pakatan Harapan

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{commons category|People's Justice Party}}

• {{official|http://www.keadilanrakyat.org/}}
• {{facebook|KeadilanRakyat}}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20190715170618/http://www.keadilandaily.com/ Suara Keadilan]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20121128231427/http://demirakyat.my/ DemiRakyat]

{{Pakatan Harapan}}

{{Malaysian political parties}}

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