Perikatan Nasional

{{main|2020 Malaysian political crisis}}

Since the morning of 23 February 2020, a faction from Parti Keadilan Rakyat led by its deputy president Azmin Ali who also served as Minister of Economic Affairs, BERSATU's Supreme Council, Muafakat Nasional of Malaysian Islamic Party-United Malays National Organisation pact retreat, UMNO's own Supreme Council, and GPS's member of the parliament; all held separate meetings in various locations.{{cite news |url=http://www.astroawani.com/berita-politik/apa-maksud-5-mesyuarat-politik-diadakan-serentak-hari-ini-231458?amp=1 |title=Apa maksud 5 mesyuarat politik diadakan serentak hari ini? |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=26 February 2020 |work=Astro Awani |language=ms}} These meetings, particularly that of BERSATU and Azmin Ali's faction led to rumours that the formation of a new governing coalition was being undertaken.{{cite news |url=https://malaysiagazette.com/2020/02/23/azmin-mesyuarat-di-hotel-hamzah-zainuddin-dan-baru-bian-turut-hadir/ |title=Azmin mesyuarat di hotel, Hamzah Zainuddin dan Baru Bian turut hadir |author=Kasthuri Jeevendran |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |language=ms |work=Malaysia Gazette}} Later in the evening, an entourage of party leaders including Azmin, BERSATU President and then-Minister of Home Affairs Muhiyiddin, UMNO president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, PAS president Hadi Awang, GPS chairman Abang Johari Openg and Parti Warisan Sabah president Shafie Apdal arrived at the Istana Negara to seek an audience with the Yang di-Pertuan AgongSee update at 7:11pm - Istana Negara {{cite news |url=https://m.malaysiakini.com/news/511939 |title=New coalition: Anwar in emergency meeting, Azmin vows to continue reform agenda |work=Malaysia Kini |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020}} It was rumoured that the leaders were there to brief the Agong about the formation government and to declare their support for a new prime minister, effectively blocking PKR's president Anwar Ibrahim from the position.{{cite news |url=https://says.com/my/news/pas-umno-bersatu-amanah-and-10-pkr-mps-said-to-be-forming-a-new-coalition-govt |title=PAS, UMNO, Bersatu, Amanah And 10 PKR MPs Said To Be Forming A New Coalition Govt |work=SAYS |author=Sadho Ram |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/feb/24/anwar-ibrahim-decries-traitors-amid-cracks-in-deal-to-make-him-malaysias-next-pm |work=The Guardian |title=Malaysia's PM Mahathir Mohamad resigns amid political turmoil |last=Ratcliffe |first=Rebecca |date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020}} Once the meeting had concluded, several opposition party leaders, including UMNO's Ismail Sabri Yaakob and PAS's Hadi Awang then joined Azmin's supporters at Sheraton Hotel in Petaling Jaya.{{cite news |url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/02/23/azmin-arrives-at-sheraton-hotel-first-sighting-since-rumoured-new-coalition/1840150 |title=Azmin arrives at Sheraton Hotel, first sighting since rumoured new coalition |author=Yiswaree Palansamy |work=Malay Mail |date=23 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020}} The purpose of the gathering was later revealed to be a dinner event called "Majlis Makan Malam Muafakat Ahli Parlimen" celebrating the achievement of a "consensus" among MPs, of which 131 were in attendance, from both the government and opposition.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/02/23/consensus-dinner-ends-with-131-mps-all-smiles|title=Consensus dinner ends with 131 MPs all smiles|website=The Star|date=23 February 2020 |access-date=2020-03-03}}{{Cite web|url=https://malaysiagazette.com/2020/02/24/%f0%9f%8e%a5-lensa-mgtv-kunci-mulut-makan-malam-muafakat-ahli-parlimen/|title=🎥 LENSA MGTV {{!}} KUNCI MULUT!!! Makan Malam Muafakat Ahli Parlimen|date=2020-02-23|website=MalaysiaGazette|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-02}} This sparked controversy as people began to wonder of the purpose and meaning of the event, causing a split in the Pakatan Harapan coalition. The events that day were dubbed the "Sheraton Move",{{Cite web|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/512745|title=Our week-long struggle has succeeded, says Azmin|date=2020-03-01|website=Malaysiakini|access-date=2020-03-02}} and it was known as one of the longest Sundays in Malaysian politics.{{Cite web|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2020/02/23/something-may-happen-tomorrow-says-anwar/|title=Something may happen tomorrow, says 'betrayed' Anwar|last=Chung|first=Nicholas|date=2020-02-23|website=Free Malaysia Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-02}}

It was later confirmed by former prime minister of Malaysia, Mohd. Najib Abdul Razak, that he, as well as MPs from the UMNO, signed statutory declarations in support of the then-Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad lead an alliance called Perikatan Nasional; however, their agreement was conditional.{{Cite web|url=https://malaysiagazette.com/2020/02/23/najib-sokong-gabungan-parti-baharu-tetapi-ada-syarat/|title=Najib sokong gabungan parti baharu tetapi ada syarat|date=2020-02-23|website=MalaysiaGazette|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-02}}

On the following day, Azmin Ali and PKR vice-president Zuraida Kamaruddin were sacked from the party, as announced by secretary general, Saifuddin Nasution Ismail that afternoon,{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/658651/azmin-zuraida-dipecat|title=Azmin, Zuraida dipecat|last=NSTP|first=Oleh Wartawan|date=2020-02-24|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}} as several other members of the party announced their departure from the party in solidarity with the two.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/658669/11-ahli-parlimen-pkr-keluar-parti|title=11 Ahli Parlimen PKR keluar parti|last=Arifin|first=Oleh Latifah|date=2020-02-24|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}} Following this, Mahathir announced his resignation from his position as prime minister,{{Cite web|url=http://www.astroawani.com/berita-politik/tun-mahathir-letak-jawatan-perdana-menteri-pengerusi-bersatu-231527|title=Tun Mahathir letak jawatan Perdana Menteri, Pengerusi Bersatu {{!}} Astro Awani |author=Astro Awani |date=24 February 2020 |website=www.astroawani.com|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}} and BERSATU President, Muhyiddin Yassin, announced that the party would officially leave the Pakatan Harapan coalition.{{Cite web|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/bahasa/2020/02/24/ppbm-keluar-pakatan-harapan/|title=PPBM keluar Pakatan Harapan|last=Reporters|first=F. M. T.|date=2020-02-24|website=Free Malaysia Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-02}} This caused the coalition to lose its majority in the Dewan Rakyat, marking the downfall of the almost 2 year old Pakatan Harapan government.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/658690/ph-hilang-majoriti-jadi-kerajaan-pusat|title=PH hilang majoriti jadi Kerajaan Pusat|date=2020-02-24|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}}

The royal palace announced that the Agong had accepted Mahathir's resignation and appointed him as interim prime minister in order to oversee the country's administration until the formation of a new government.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/658793/agong-lantik-tun-m-sebagai-pm-interim|title=Agong lantik Tun M sebagai PM interim|last=Razali|first=Oleh Safeek Affendy|date=2020-02-24|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}}{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/02/25/dr-mahathirs-surprises-as-pm4-pm7-and-pm8|title=Dr Mahathir's surprises as PM4, PM7 and PM8|website=The Star|date=25 February 2020 |access-date=2020-03-03}}

Having other plans in mind, Mahathir decided to call for all MPs to unite under a non-partisan unity government, where all parties in parliament would take part in the government.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/659771/perutusan-khas-dr-mahathir-mengenai-keadaan-politik-negara|title=Perutusan khas Dr Mahathir mengenai keadaan politik negara|date=2020-02-27|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-03-02}} This was rejected by almost every other party as they refused to be in the same government as their rivals, most notably Muafakat Nasional (UMNO and PAS) and the DAP. Muafakat Nasional called for the dissolution of the parliament and snap elections, stating that the only solution was by letting the people choose the government.{{Cite web|url=http://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/muafakat-nasional-calls-dissolution-parliament-will-support-new-coalition-dr-m-if-dap-not|title=Muafakat Nasional calls for dissolution of Parliament, will support new coalition by Dr M if DAP not included|date=2020-02-25|website=The Edge Markets|access-date=2020-03-02}}

To resolve the issue, the Agong summoned every member of the Dewan Rakyat for an audience so that he may interview each of them personally so as to determine who had the support of the majority of parliament to form a new government as prime minister. This is because Article 43 (2) (a) of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia states that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall need to appoint the Prime Minister from among the members of the Dewan Rakyat, who in his judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of the parliament. However, none of them gained the majority support of the parliament, that is at least 112 members, since Barisan Nasional and PAS voted for the dissolution of the parliament, while Pakatan Harapan and BERSATU named Anwar Ibrahim and Mahathir respectively.

On the afternoon of 28 February, BERSATU Secretary-General Datuk Marzuki Yahaya announced that all of its 36 MPs have decided on nominating party president Muhyiddin for the position of Prime Minister instead of Mahathir.{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/02/28/bersatu-nominates-muhyiddin-as-8th-pm|title=Bersatu nominates Muhyiddin as 8th PM|website=The Star|date=28 February 2020 |access-date=2020-03-03}} However, a number of BERSATU MPs later denied that they had nominated Muhiyiddin and were still supporting Mahathir. In the evening, both Barisan Nasional and Muafakat Nasional also announced their support for Muhiyiddin to succeed Mahathir as the next prime minister.{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/02/28/umno-pas-back-muhyiddin-as-8th-pm|title=BN, PAS back Muhyiddin as 8th PM (updated)|website=The Star|access-date=2020-03-03}} This was soon followed by claims made by political analysts in Sabah and Sarawak that local parties such as GBS, GPS, and Warisan intended to support Muhiyiddin as prime minister, securing him a majority in parliament.{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/02/28/sabah-s039wak-expected-to-back-new-alliance-led-by-muhyiddin|title=Sabah, S'wak expected to back new alliance led by Muhyiddin|website=The Star|access-date=2020-03-03}}

On the evening of 29 February 2020, the Agong announced that Muhyiddin had gained majority support and was appointed as the 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia. He was sworn in the following day at Istana Negara.

File:Logo Kerajaan Campuran Perikatan Nasional.png

File:Logo Perikatan Nasional.svg

This coalition previously preceded by the Malaysian Party Alliance Association or also known as the Persatuan Perikatan Parti Malaysia (PPPM). This association was led by two leaders. The Malaysian Party Alliance Association (PPPM) was led by Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Datuk Seri Panglima Jeffrey Gapari Kitingan (Leadership from, 3 March 2020 - 24 March 2020).{{cite news |title=Datuk Seri Panglima Jeffrey Kitingan & Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin: PPPM - PN|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/09/14/ros-confirms-perikatan-as-registered-entity-says-approved-on-aug-7/1903174 |access-date=21 November 2020 |agency=Malay Mail |date=14 September 2020}}

On 17 May 2020, the leaders of BERSATU, BN, PAS, GPS, PBS, and STAR issued a joint statement saying that all their 111 MPs support formalising the Perikatan Nasional alliance which was previously an ad hoc agreement and also a political association. The parties' leaders also announced that they had been working on a memorandum of understanding to facilitate cooperation within the PN alliance. Key provisions of the MOU include upholding the Malaysian Constitution, the sovereignty of the Malay Rulers, the principles of Rukun Negara, and ensuring the welfare and interest of Malaysians of all religions and race.{{cite news |title= BN, PAS, GPS, PBS and STAR support formation of PN |url=https://www.thesundaily.my/local/bersatu-bn-pas-gps-pbs-and-star-support-formation-of-pn-NK2419917#pk_campaign=MASwpn&pk_kwd=Bersatu%2C+BN%2C+PAS%2C+GPS%2C+PBS+and+STAR+support+formation+of+PN |access-date=17 May 2020 |work=The Sun Daily |date=17 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517114334/https://www.thesundaily.my/local/bersatu-bn-pas-gps-pbs-and-star-support-formation-of-pn-NK2419917 |archive-date=17 May 2020}} The Registrar of Societies (RoS) confirmed on 14 September 2020 that Perikatan Nasional was registered on 7 August 2020 as Parti Perikatan Nasional ({{lit|Perikatan Nasional Party}}).{{cite news |title=RoS confirms Perikatan as registered entity, says approved on Aug 7 |url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/09/14/ros-confirms-perikatan-as-registered-entity-says-approved-on-aug-7/1903174 |access-date=21 November 2020 |agency=Malay Mail |date=14 September 2020}}

GERAKAN Party joined the coalition after GRS Alliance Party won in 2020 Sabah state election and became the 5th major-component in Perikatan Nasional.

MIPP joined PN coalition to represent ethnic Indian community in April 2024

The first participation in an election for the National Alliance Party is in the 2020 Sabah state election. The party has made its first appearance in Sabah and won 17 state assembly seats, supporting the GRS Alliance Party. After the first appearance in the 2020 Sabah state election, the party then made a second appearance in the 2021 Malacca state election, and then made a third appearance in the 2022 Johor state election.

• Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR), (2020–2022)https://www.astroawani.com/berita-politik/star-sah-tinggalkan-pn-jeffrey-kitingan-395238

• Malaysian United Indigenous Party of Sabah (Sabah BERSATU), (2020–2022) (resigned under Hajiji Noor) (rejoined PN under Ronald Kiandee on December 11, 2022).{{efn|A large part of Sabah BERSATU leadership under Hajiji Noor resigned on 10 December 2022. New leadership under Ronald Kiandee confirmed allegiance with PN on 11 December 2022.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2022/12/1037660/pemimpin-bersatu-sabah-keluar-parti-kekal-bawah-grs-hajiji|title=Pemimpin BERSATU Sabah keluar parti, kekal bawah GRS - Hajiji|last=Abdullah|first=Izwan|date=2022-12-10|website=BHarian Online|access-date=2022-12-11}}}}

• Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP), (2020–2024){{Cite web|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/bahasa/tempatan/2024/12/14/sapp-umum-keluar-pn-kata-presiden|title=SAPP umum keluar PN, kata presiden|first=F. M. T.|last=Reporters|date=14 December 2024|website=Free Malaysia Today | FMT}}

Perikatan Nasional Party leadership structure :{{cite news |title=Perikatan Nasional tubuhkan Majlis Presiden - Tuan Ibrahim |language=MS |trans-title=The National Alliance establishes the Council of Presidents - Mr. Ibrahim |author=Abd Hadi Che Awang |date=May 31, 2020 |work=Astro Awani |url=http://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/perikatan-nasional-tubuhkan-majlis-presiden-tuan-ibrahim-245048}}{{cite web |author=Hamzah Zainuddin |title=PENUBUHAN BADAN PERHUBUNGAN NEGERI DAN PELANTIKAN PENGARAH PILIHAN RAYA PERIKATAN NASIONAL |url=https://www.facebook.com/hamzahzainudinofficial/posts/1223048478093945 |website=via Facebook}}

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• Chairman:
• Muhyiddin Yassin (BERSATU)
• Deputy Chairman:
• Abdul Hadi Awang (PAS)
• Dominic Lau Hoe Chai (GERAKAN)
• Punithan Paramsiven (MIPP)
• Hamzah Zainudin (BERSATU)
• Secretary-General:
• Mohamed Azmin Ali (BERSATU)
• Treasurer-General:
• Vacant
• Information Chief:
• Mohd Radzi Md Jidin (BERSATU)
• Deputy Secretary-General:
• Takiyuddin Hassan (PAS)
• Women Chief:
• Mas Ermieyati Samsudin (BERSATU)
• Youth Chief:
• Afnan Hamimi Taib Azamudden (PAS)
• Elections Director:
• Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor (PAS)
• Supreme Council Members:
• Ronald Kiandee (BERSATU)
• Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man (PAS)
• Oh Tong Keong (GERAKAN)
• Radzi Jidin (BERSATU)
• Idris Ahmad (PAS)
• Loh Kah Yong (GERAKAN)
• Subramaniam Surunaryan (MIPP)
• Manimaran Kanappram (MIPP)
• Executive Secretary:
• Saiful Adli Mohd Arshad (BERSATU)
• State Chairman:
• Johor: Sahruddin Jamal (BERSATU)
• Kedah: Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor (PAS)
• Kelantan: Ahmad Yakob (PAS)
• Malacca: Mohd Yadzil Yaakub (BERSATU)
• Negeri Sembilan: Mohamad Hanifah Abu Baker (BERSATU)
• Pahang: Saifuddin Abdullah (BERSATU)
• Penang: Dominic Lau Hoe Chai (GERAKAN)
• Perak: Ahmad Faizal Azumu (BERSATU)
• Perlis: Shahidan Kassim (PAS)
• Sabah: Ronald Kiandee (BERSATU)
• Sarawak: Jaziri Alkaf Suffian (BERSATU)
• Selangor: Azmin Ali (BERSATU)
• Terengganu: Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar (PAS)
• Federal Territories: Radzi Jidin (BERSATU)

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{{main|Members of the Dewan Negara, 15th Malaysian Parliament}}

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

• Kedah State Legislative Assembly:
• Abd Nasir Idris (PAS)
• Musoddak Ahmad (PAS)
• Kelantan State Legislative Assembly:
• Nik Mohamad Abduh Nik Abdul Aziz (PAS)
• Wan Martina Wan Yusoff (PAS)
• Perlis State Legislative Assembly:
• Azahar Hassan (BERSATU)
• Baharuddin Ahmad (PAS)
• Terengganu State Legislative Assembly:
• Hussin Ismail (PAS)
• Che Alias Hamid (PAS)

{{div col end}}

Perikatan Nasional has 68 MPs in the Dewan Rakyat as shown below.

{{main|List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2023–present)}}

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Terengganu State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|32|32|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Kelantan State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|42|45|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Perlis State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|14|15|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Kedah State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|33|36|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

{{col-4}}

Perak State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|26|59|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Pahang State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|17|47|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Selangor State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|21|56|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Penang State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|11|40|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

{{col-4}}

Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|5|36|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Malacca State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|3|28|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Johor State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|3|56|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

{{col-4}}

Sabah State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|1|79|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

Sarawak State Legislative Assembly{{Composition bar|0|82|hex={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}}}

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{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• James Chin (2020) [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342277257_Malaysia_the_2020_putsch_for_Malay_Islam_supremacy Malaysia: the 2020 putsch for Malay Islam supremacy] . The Round Table 109(3):288-297. DOI: 10.1080/00358533.2020.1760495
• James Chin (2020) [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339814672_The_new_ruling_coalition_Malaysia_takes_a_turn_to_the_right_and_many_of_its_people_are_worried The new ruling coalition Malaysia takes a turn to the right, and many of its people are worried], The Conversation, March 2020

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