Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology

• Taosi Astronomical Observatory, Xiangfen County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, China

• Shadow clocks invented in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia

• 11th–7th century BCE, Zhou dynasty astronomical observatory (灵台) in Fenghao (today's Xi'an), China

• Thirteen Towers solar observatory, Chankillo, Peru
• Antikythera Mechanism, a geared astronomical computer that calculates lunar and solar eclipses, the position of the Sun and the Moon the lunar phase (age of the moon), has several lunisolar calendars, including the Olympic Games calendar. It is at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens, Greece.{{Cite journal |last1=Freeth |first1=T. |last2=Bitsakis |first2=Y. |last3=Moussas |first3=X. |last4=Seiradakis |first4=J. H. |last5=Tselikas |first5=A. |last6=Mangou |first6=H. |last7=Zafeiropoulou |first7=M. |last8=Hadland |first8=R. |last9=Bate |first9=D. |last10=Ramsey |first10=A. |last11=Allen |first11=M. |last12=Crawley |first12=A. |last13=Hockley |first13=P. |last14=Malzbender |first14=T. |last15=Gelb |first15=D. |date=November 2006 |title=Decoding the ancient Greek astronomical calculator known as the Antikythera Mechanism |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05357 |journal=Nature |volume=444 |issue=7119 |pages=587–591 |doi=10.1038/nature05357 |pmid=17136087 |bibcode=2006Natur.444..587F |s2cid=4424998 |issn=0028-0836|url-access=subscription }}

• 220-206 BCE, Han dynasty astronomical observatory (灵台) in Chang'an and Luoyang. During East Han dynasty, astronomical observatory (灵台) built in Yanshi, Henan Province, China
• 220-150 BCE, Astrolabe invented by Apollonius of Perga

• 5th century – Observatory at Ujjain, India

• 632–647 – Cheomseongdae observatory is built in the reign of Queen Seondeok at Gyeongju, then the capital of Silla (present day South Korea)
• 618–1279 – Tang dynasty-Song dynasty, observatories built in Chang'an, Kaifeng, Hangzhou, China

• 700–96 – Brass astrolabe constructed by Muhammad al-Fazari based on Hellenistic sources

• 9th century – quadrant invented by Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in 9th century Baghdad and is used for astronomical calculations{{Citation |last=King |first=David A. |year=2002 |title=A Vetustissimus Arabic Text on the Quadrans Vetus |journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |volume=33 |issue=112 |pages=237–255 [237–8]|bibcode = 2002JHA....33..237K |doi=10.1177/002182860203300302 |s2cid=125329755 }}
• 800–33 – The first modern observatory research institute built in Baghdad, Iraq, by Arabic astronomers during time of Al-Mamun{{Citation |last=Kennedy |first=Edward S. |year=1962 |title=Review: The Observatory in Islam and Its Place in the General History of the Observatory by Aydin Sayili |journal=Isis |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=237–239 |doi=10.1086/349558 }}
• 825–35 – Al-Shammisiyyah observatory by Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi in Baghdad, Iraq{{citation|title=The Book of Bodies and Distances of Habash al-Hasib|last=Langermann|first=Y. Tzvi|journal=Centaurus|year=1985|volume=28|issue=2|pages=108–128 [112]|doi=10.1111/j.1600-0498.1985.tb00831.x|bibcode = 1985Cent...28..108T }}

• 10th century – Large astrolabe of diameter 1.4 meters constructed by Ibn Yunus{{cite book|title=The Cambridge illustrated history of the world's science|last=Ronan|first=Colin|date=1983|page=214}}
• 994 – First sextant constructed in Ray, Iran, by Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi. It was a very large mural sextant that achieved a high level of accuracy for astronomical measurements.{{MacTutor|id=Al-Khujandi|title=Al-Khujandi}}

• 1000 – Mokattam observatory in Egypt for Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
• 11th century – Planisphere invented by BiruniWill Durant (1950). The Story of Civilization IV: The Age of Faith, pp. 239–45.
• 11th century – Universal latitude-independent astrolabe invented by Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel){{cite book |title=The History of Cartography: Cartography in the traditional Islamic and South Asian societies |volume = 2| year = 1992| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 0-226-31635-1| pages = 28–9 |author1=John Brian Harley |author2=David Woodward |author3=G. Malcolm Lewis}}
• 1023 – Hamedan observatory in Persia
• c. 1030 – Treasury of Optics by Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) of Iraq and Egypt
• 1074–92 – Malikshah Observatory at Isfahan used by Omar Khayyám

• 1100–50 – Jabir ibn Aflah develops instruments resembling and perhaps inspiring the torquetum, an observational instrument and mechanical analog computer device{{citation|first=R. P.|last=Lorch|title=The Astronomical Instruments of Jabir ibn Aflah and the Torquetum|journal=Centaurus|volume=20|issue=1|year=1976|pages=11–34|doi=10.1111/j.1600-0498.1976.tb00214.x|bibcode = 1976Cent...20...11L }}
• 1119–25 – Cairo al-Bataihi observatory for Al-Afdal Shahanshah

• 1259 – Maragheh observatory and library of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi built in Persia under Hulagu Khan
• c. 1270 – Terrace for Managing Heaven 26 observatory network of Guo Shoujing under Khubilai Khan
• 1276 – Dengfeng Star Observatory Platform, Gaocheng, Dengfeng City, Henan Province, China

• 1371 – The idea of using hours of equal time length throughout the year in a sundial was the innovation of Ibn al-Shatir{{cite web|title=History of the sundial|url=http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conWebDoc.353|publisher=National Maritime Museum|access-date=2008-07-02|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010044606/http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conWebDoc.353|archive-date=2007-10-10}}{{citation|title=The Sundial And Geometry|first=Lawrence|last=Jones|journal=North American Sundial Society|volume=12|issue=4|date=December 2005}}

• 1420 – Samarkand observatory of Ulugh Beg
• 1437 - Zij-i Sultani is published, the first star catalog since the Almagest
• 1442 – Beijing Ancient Observatory in China
• 1467–71 – Observatory at Nagyvarad Oradea, Kingdom of Hungary for Matthias Corvinus. Tabula Varadensis.
• 1472 – The Nuremberg observatory of Regiomontanus and Bernhard Walther.{{cite book|last=Pedersen|first=Olaf|title=A Survey of the Almagest|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyalmagest00pede|url-access=limited|year=2010|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0387848259|pages=[https://archive.org/details/surveyalmagest00pede/page/n20 20]}}

• 1560 – Kassel observatory under Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hesse
• 1575–80 – Constantinople Observatory of Taqi ad-Din under Sultan Murad III
• 1576 – Royal Danish Astronomical Observatory Uraniborg at Hven by Tycho Brahe
• 1577–80 – Taqi al-Din invents a mechanical astronomical clock that measures time in seconds, one of the most important innovations in 16th-century practical astronomy, as previous clocks were not accurate enough to be used for astronomical purposes.{{cite encyclopedia | first = Sevim | last = Tekeli | title = Taqi al-Din | year = 1997 | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures | publisher = Kluwer Academic Publishers | isbn = 0-7923-4066-3 | url = https://www.springer.com/philosophy/philosophy+of+sciences/book/978-1-4020-4425-0 }}
• 1577–80 – Taqi al-Din invents framed sextant
• 1581 – Royal Danish Astronomical Observatory Stjerneborg at Hven by Tycho Brahe

• 1600 – Prague observatory in Benátky nad Jizerou by Tycho Brahe
• 1603 – Johann Bayer's Uranometria is published
• 1608 – Hans Lippershey tries to patent an optical refracting telescope, the first recorded functional telescope
• 1609 – Galileo Galilei builds his first optical refracting telescope
• 1616 – Niccolò Zucchi experiments with a reflecting telescope
• 1633 – Construction of Leiden University Observatory
• 1641 – William Gascoigne invents telescope cross hairs
• 1641 – Danzig/Gdansk observatory of Jan Hevelius
• 1642 – Copenhagen University Royal observatory
• 1661 – James Gregory proposes an optical reflecting telescope with parabolic mirrors
• 1667 – Paris Observatory
• 1668 – Isaac Newton constructs the first "practical" reflecting telescope, the Newtonian telescope{{cite book|author=A. Rupert Hall|title=Isaac Newton: Adventurer in Thought|url=https://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonadven0000hall|url-access=registration|year=1996|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-56669-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonadven0000hall/page/67 67]}}
• 1672 – Laurent Cassegrain designs the Cassegrain telescope
• 1675 – Royal Greenwich Observatory of England
• 1684 – Christiaan Huygens publishes "Astroscopia Compendiaria" in which he described the design of very long aerial telescopes

• 1704 – First observatory at Cambridge University (based at Trinity College)
• 1724 – Indian observatory of Sawai Jai Singh at Delhi
• 1725 – St. Petersburg observatory at Royal Academy
• 1732 – Indian observatories of Sawai Jai Singh at Varanasi, Ujjain, Mathura, Madras
• 1733 – Chester Moore Hall invents the achromatic lens refracting telescope
• 1734 – Indian observatory of Sawai Jai Singh at Jaipur
• 1753 – Real Observatorio de Cádiz (Spain)
• 1753 – Vilnius Observatory at Vilnius University, Lithuania
• 1758 – John Dollond reinvents the achromatic lens
• 1761 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle 62 observing station network for observing the transit of Venus
• 1769 – Short reflectors used at 63 station network for transit of Venus
• 1774 – Vatican Observatory (Specola Vaticana), originally established as the Observatory of the Roman College.
• 1780 – Florence Specola observatory
• 1789 – William Herschel finishes a 49-inch (1.2 m) optical reflecting telescope, located in Slough, England
• 1798 – Real Observatorio de la Isla de Léon (actualmente Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada) (Spain)

• 1803 National Astronomical Observatory (Colombia), the first observatory in the Americas{{Cite journal|last=Keenan|first=Philip C.|date=February 1, 1991|title=The Earliest National Observatories in Latin America|journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy|volume=22|issue=1|pages=21–30|bibcode=1991JHA....22...21K|doi=10.1177/002182869102200104|s2cid=117712616 }}
• 1836 Swathithirunal opened Trivandrum observatory
• 1839 Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre (inventor of the daguerreotype photographic process) attempts to photograph the moon. Tracking errors in guiding the telescope during the long exposure made the photograph came out as an indistinct fuzzy spot
• 1840 – John William Draper takes make a successful photographic image of the Moon, the first astronomical photograph
• 1845 – Lord Rosse finishes the Birr Castle Leviathan of Parsonstown, located in Parsonstown, Ireland
• 1849 – Santiago observatory set up by USA, later becomes Chilean National Observatory (now part of the University of Chile)[http://home.earthlink.net/~claelliott/chron1840.htm Chronology of Science in the United States 1840–1849 (derived from Clark A. Elliott, History of Science in the United States: A Chronology and Research Guide – New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1996, pp. 34–177)].
• 1859 – Kirchhoff and Bunsen develop spectroscopy
• 1864 – Herschel's so-called GC (General Catalogue) of nebulae and star clusters published
• 1868 – Janssen and Lockyer discover Helium observing spectra of the Sun
• 1871 – German Astronomical Association organized network of 13 (later 16) observatories for stellar proper motion studies
• 1863 – William Allen Miller and Sir William Huggins use the photographic wet collodion plate process to obtain the first ever photographic spectrogram of a star, Sirius and Capella.[http://astro-canada.ca/_en/a2311.html Spectrometers, ASTROLab of Mont-Mégantic National Park]
• 1872 – Henry Draper photographs a spectrum of Vega that shows absorption lines.
• 1878 – Dreyer published a supplement to the GC of about 1000 new objects, the New General Catalogue
• 1883 – Andrew Ainslie Common uses the photographic dry plate process and a 36-inch (91 cm) reflecting telescope in his backyard to record 60 minute exposures of the Orion nebula that for the first time showed stars too faint to be seen by the human eye.{{cite book| author = J. B. Hearnshaw| title = The Measurement of Starlight: Two Centuries of Astronomical Photometry| url = https://archive.org/details/measurementofsta0000hear| url-access = registration| date = 1996-05-02| publisher = Cambridge University Press| isbn = 978-0-521-40393-1| page = [https://archive.org/details/measurementofsta0000hear/page/122 122] }}
• 1887 – Paris conference institutes Carte du Ciel project to map entire sky to 14th magnitude photographically
• 1888 – First light of 91cm refracting telescope at Lick Observatory, on Mount Hamilton near San Jose, California
• 1889 – Astronomical Society of the Pacific founded
• 1890 – Albert A. Michelson proposes the stellar interferometer
• 1892 – George Ellery Hale finishes a spectroheliograph, which allows the Sun to be photographed in the light of one element only
• 1897 – Alvan Clark finishes the Yerkes telescope, located in Williams Bay, Wisconsin

• 1902 – Dominion Observatory, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada established
• 1904 – Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington founded
• 1907 – F.C. Brown and Joel Stebbins develop a selenium cell photometer at the University of Illinois Observatory.

• 1912 – Joel Stebbins and Jakob Kunz begin to use a photometer using a photoelectric cell at the University of Illinois Observatory.
• 1917 – Mount Wilson {{convert|100|in|m|adj=on}} optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Mount Wilson, California
• 1918 – 1.8m Plaskett Telescope begins operation at the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
• 1919 – International Astronomical Union (IAU) founded

• 1930 – Bernard-Ferdinand Lyot invents the coronagraph
• 1930 – Karl Jansky builds a 30-meter long rotating aerial radio telescope This was the first radio telescope.
• 1933 – Bernard-Ferdinand Lyot invents the Lyot filter
• 1934 – Bernhard Schmidt finishes the first {{convert|14|in|mm|adj=on}} Schmidt optical reflecting telescope
• 1936 – Palomar {{convert|18|in|mm|adj=on}} Schmidt optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Palomar, California
• 1937 – Grote Reber builds a {{convert|31|ft|m|adj=on}} radio telescope

• 1941 – Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov invents the Maksutov telescope which is adopted by major observatories in the Soviet Union and internationally. It is now also a popular design with amateur astronomers
• 1946 – Martin Ryle and his group perform the first astronomical observations with a radio interferometer
• 1947 – Bernard Lovell and his group complete the Jodrell Bank {{convert|218|ft|m|adj=on}} non-steerable radio telescope
• 1949 – Samuel Oschin telescope optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Palomar, California
• 1949 – Palomar {{convert|200|in|m|adj=on}} optical reflecting telescope (Hale Telescope) begins regular operation, located in Palomar, California

• 1953 – Luoxue Mountain Cosmic Rays Research Center, Yunnan Province, in China founded
• 1954 – Earth rotation aperture synthesis suggested (see e.g. Christiansen and Warburton (1955))
• 1956 – Dwingeloo Radio Observatory 25 m telescope completed, Dwingeloo, Netherlands
• 1957 – Bernard Lovell and his group complete the Jodrell Bank 250-foot (75 m) steerable radio telescope (the Lovell Telescope)
• 1957 – Peter Scheuer publishes his P(D) method for obtaining source counts of spatially unresolved sources
• 1959 – Radio Observatory of the University of Chile, located at Maipú, Chile founded
• 1959 – The 3C catalogue of radio sources is published (revised in 1962)
• 1959 – The C. Donald Shane telescope Opened at Lick Observatory

• 1960 – Owens Valley 27-meter radio telescopes begin operation, located in Big Pine, California
• 1961 – Parkes 64-metre radio telescope begins operation, located near Parkes, Australia
• 1962 – European Southern Observatory (ESO) founded
• 1962 – Kitt Peak solar observatory founded
• 1962 – Green Bank, West Virginia 90m radio telescope
• 1962 – Orbiting Solar Observatory 1 satellite launched
• 1963 – Arecibo 300-meter radio telescope begins operation, located in Arecibo, Puerto Rico
• 1964 – Martin Ryle's {{convert|1|mi|km|adj=on}} radio interferometer begins operation, located in Cambridge, England
• 1965 – Owens Valley 40-meter radio telescope begins operation, located in Big Pine, California
• 1967 – First VLBI images, with 183 km baseline
• 1969 – Observations start at Big Bear Solar Observatory, located in Big Bear, California
• 1969 – Las Campanas Observatory

• 1970 – Cerro Tololo telescope begins operation, located in Cerro Tololo, Chile
• 1970 – Kitt Peak National Observatory {{convert|158|in|m|adj=on}} optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located near Tucson, Arizona
• 1970 – Uhuru x-ray telescope satellite
• 1970 – Antoine Labeyrie performs the first high-resolution optical speckle interferometry observations
• 1970 – Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope completed, near Westerbork, Netherlands
• 1972 – 100 m Effelsberg radio telescope inaugurated (Germany)
• 1973 – UK Schmidt Telescope 1.2 metre optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Anglo-Australian Observatory near Coonabarabran, Australia
• 1974 – Anglo-Australian Telescope {{convert|153|in|m|adj=on}} optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Anglo-Australian Observatory near Coonabarabran, Australia
• 1975 – Gerald Smith, Frederick Landauer, and James Janesick use a CCD to observe Uranus, the first astronomical CCD observation
• 1975 – Antoine Labeyrie builds the first two-telescope optical interferometer
• 1976 – The 6-m BTA-6 (Bolshoi Teleskop Azimutalnyi or “Large Altazimuth Telescope”) goes into operation on Mt. Pashtukhov in the Russian Caucasus
• 1978 – Multiple Mirror {{convert|176|in|m|adj=on}} equivalent optical/infrared reflecting telescope begins operation, located in Amado, Arizona
• 1978 – International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) telescope satellite
• 1978 – Einstein High Energy Astronomy Observatory x-ray telescope satellite
• 1979 – UKIRT {{convert|150|in|m|adj=on}} infrared reflecting telescope begins operation, located at Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii
• 1979 – Canada-France-Hawaii {{convert|140|in|m|adj=on}} optical reflecting telescope begins operation, located at Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii
• 1979 – NASA Infrared Telescope Facility[http://irtfweb.ifa.hawaii.edu/] {{convert|120|in|m|adj=on}} infrared reflecting telescope begins operation, located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii

• 1980 – Completion of construction of the VLA, located in Socorro, New Mexico
• 1983 – Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) telescope
• 1984 – IRAM 30-m telescope at Pico Veleta near Granada, Spain completed
• 1987 – 15-m James Clerk Maxwell Telescope UK submillimetre telescope installed at Mauna Kea Observatory
• 1987 – 5-m Swedish-ESO Submillimetre Telescope (SEST) installed at the ESO La Silla Observatory
• 1988 – Australia Telescope Compact Array aperture synthesis radio telescope begins operation, located near Narrabri, Australia
• 1989 – Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite

• 1990 – Hubble 2.4m space Telescope launched, mirror found to be flawed
• 1991 – Compton Gamma Ray Observatory satellite
• 1993 – Keck 10-meter optical/infrared reflecting telescope begins operation, located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii
• 1993 – Very Long Baseline Array of 10 dishes
• 1995 – Cambridge Optical Aperture Synthesis Telescope (COAST)—the first very high resolution optical astronomical images (from aperture synthesis observations)
• 1995 – Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope of thirty 45 m dishes at Pune
• 1996 – Keck 2 10-meter optical/infrared reflecting telescope begins operation, located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii
• 1997 – The Japanese HALCA satellite begins operations, producing first VLBI observations from space, 25,000 km maximum baseline
• 1998 – First light at VLT1, the 8.2 m ESO telescope

• 2001 – First light at the Keck Interferometer. Single-baseline operations begin in the near-infrared.
• 2001 – First light at VLTI interferometry array. Operations on the interferometer start with single-baseline near-infrared observations with the 103 m baseline.
• 2005 – First imaging with the VLTI using the AMBER optical aperture synthesis instrument and three VLT telescopes.
• 2005 – First light at SALT, the largest optical telescope in the Southern Hemisphere, with a hexagonal primary mirror of 11.1 by 9.8 meters.
• 2007 – First light at Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC), in Spain, the largest optical telescope in the world with an effective diameter of 10.4 meters.
• 2021 — James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), was launched 25 December 2021 on an ESA Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana and will succeed the Hubble Space Telescope as NASA's flagship mission in astrophysics.
• 2023 — Euclid, was launched on 1 July 2023 on a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida, to study dark matter and energy.
• 2023 — XRISM was launched on 6 September 2023 on a H-IIA rocket to study the formation of the universe and the dark matter.

• Iranian National Observatory 3.4 m (first light planned in 2020) {{cite journal |last1= Khosroshai|first1= Habib|date=1 May 2018 |title= Linking a noble past to future challenges|journal= Nature Astronomy|volume= 2|issue= 5|pages= 429|doi= 10.1038/s41550-018-0465-5|bibcode= 2018NatAs...2..429K|doi-access= free}}
• Extremely Large Telescope (first light planned in 2027)

{{Further|Category:Telescopes under construction}}

• Public Telescope (PST), German project of astrofactum. Launch was planned for 2019,{{cite web |url=http://www.publictelescope.org |title=Public Telescope: Erstes öffentliches Weltraumteleskop |work=astrofactum |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109044959/http://www.publictelescope.org/ |archive-date=9 November 2017 |access-date=8 October 2019 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |last=Lossau |first=Norbert |url=https://www.welt.de/print/wams/wissen/article130596441/Weltraumteleskop-fuer-jedermann.html |title=Weltraumteleskop für jedermann |work=Welt |date=27 July 2014 |access-date=8 October 2019 |language=de}}{{cite web |last=Wiederer |first=Christian |url=http://www.publictelescope.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015-02-Popular-Astronomy-UK.pdf |title=The first public space telescope |work=Popular Astronomy UK |date=February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171015/http://www.publictelescope.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015-02-Popular-Astronomy-UK.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=8 October 2019 |url-status=dead}} but the project's website is now defunct and no updates have been provided on the fate of the effort.
• Mid/late-2021 – Science first light of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory is anticipated for 2021 with full science operations to begin a year later.{{cite web |title=Vera C. Rubin Observatory |url=https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/rubinobservatory/ |website=AURA Astronomy |access-date=16 September 2020}}{{cite news |last1=Wu |first1=Katherine J. |title=For the First Time, a National U.S. Observatory Has Been Named for a Female Astronomer: Vera Rubin |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-telescope-facility-renamed-commemorate-dark-matter-scientist-vera-rubin-180973923/ |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}{{cite news |title=What Does the Future of Astronomy Hold? We'll Find Out Soon |url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/what-does-the-future-of-astronomy-hold-well-find-out-soon |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=Discover Magazine |language=en}}
• Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, part of NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Program. Launch is tentatively scheduled for 2027.

• Timeline of telescope technology
• List of largest optical telescopes historically
• Extremely large telescope

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite book| author = Michael A. Hoskin| title = The Cambridge Illustrated History of Astronomy| year = 1997| publisher = Cambridge University Press| isbn = 978-0-521-41158-5 }}
• {{cite book| author = Edgardo Marcorini| title = Scienza e tecnica| year = 1988| isbn = 978-0-87196-475-5 }}
• {{cite book| author = George Ochoa| author2 = Melinda Corey| title = The Wilson Chronology of Science and Technology: A Record of Scientific Discovery and Technological Invention, from the Stone Age to the Information Age| year = 1997| publisher = New York : H.W. Wilson| isbn = 978-0-8242-0933-9| url-access = registration| url = https://archive.org/details/wilsonchronology00ocho_0}}
• {{cite book| author = Rushdī Rāshid|author2=Régis Morelon | title = Encyclopedia of History of Arabic Science: Astronomy- theoretical and applied| year = 1996| publisher = Psychology Press| isbn = 978-0-415-12410-2 }}

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Telescopes, observatories, and observing technology

Telescopes, observatories, and observing technology

Category:Astronomical observatories

Category:Astronomical imaging

Category:Observational astronomy

Category:Telescopes