Trichocereinae

{{Short description|Subtribe of cacti}}

{{automatic taxobox

|image = Haageocereus pacalaensis.jpg

|image_caption = Haageocereus pacalaensis of the tribe Trichocereeae.

|taxon = Trichocereinae

|authority = Buxb. (1958)

|subdivision_ranks = Genera

|subdivision = See text

|type_genus =Trichocereus

}}

Trichocereinae is a subtribe of cactus that are particular to South America.{{cite thesis |last=Lendel |first=Anita |date=2013 |title=South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) |publisher=University of Zurich |doi=10.5167/UZH-93287 |url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/93287 |access-date=2023-10-10 |degree=Dr. sc. nat.}} There are 28 recognized genera in this subtribe.

Description

Arborescent to shrubby, Trichocereinae normally form unsegmented, spherical to columnar stems that are usually ribbed, tuberculate, or ribbed-warty.

The small to fairly large, regular or bilaterally symmetrical flowers appear laterally or below the apex and open day or night. The flower cup is scaled or covered with hair.

The fruits are fleshy to berry-like and sometimes burst open lengthwise. They contain small to medium-sized seeds that vary in shape. Hilum and micropyle of seeds are fused to united. Appendages are usually absent. A strophic is present in some.{{cite book | last=Anderson | first=Edward F. | last2=Eggli | first2=Urs | title=Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon | publisher=Ulmer | publication-place=Stuttgart (Hohenheim) | date=2005 | isbn=3-8001-4573-1 | language=de | pages=58–59}}

Genera

The composition of the subtribes of the tribe Cereeae varies. The list below is based on genera accepted by Plants of the World Online {{As of|2025|March|lc=yes}}.{{cite web |title=Cactaceae Juss. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url= https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 |access-date=2025-03-29}} Most were placed in subtribe Trichocereinae by Lendel in 2013. Reicheocactus (listed here) was not included in Lendel's analysis, and was described as basal to the subtribe. Pygmaeocereus was placed in Trichocereinae in a 2023 study.

class="wikitable"
ImageGenusLiving species
175pxAcanthocalycium {{small|Backeb. 1936}}*Acanthocalycium klinglerianum (Cárdenas) Lodé

175pxArthrocereus {{small|A.Berger 1929}}* Arthrocereus glaziovii (K.Schum.) N.P.Taylor & Zappi
  • Arthrocereus melanurus (K.Schum.) Diers, P.Br. & Esteves
  • Arthrocereus rondonianus Backeb. & Voll
  • Arthrocereus spinosissimus (Buining & Brederoo) F.Ritter
  • 175pxBorzicactus {{small|Riccob. 1909}}* Borzicactus fieldianus Britton & Rose
  • Borzicactus hutchisonii G.J.Charles
  • Borzicactus icosagonus (Kunth) Britton & Rose
  • Borzicactus leonensis (Madsen) G.J.Charles
  • Borzicactus longiserpens (Leuenb.) G.J.Charles
  • Borzicactus neoroezlii F.Ritter
  • Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose
  • Borzicactus sepium (Kunth) Britton & Rose
  • Borzicactus silvaticus Janke
  • Borzicactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach
  • 175pxChamaecereus {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Chamaecereus luisramirezii {{Au|Lodé & F.Carlier}}
  • Chamaecereus saltensis {{Au|(Speg.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Chamaecereus schreiteri {{Au|(A.Cast.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Chamaecereus silvestrii {{Au|(Speg.) Britton & Rose}}
  • Chamaecereus stilowianus {{Au|(Backeb.) Schlumpb.}}
  • 175pxCleistocactus {{small|Lem. 1861}}*Cleistocactus ayopayanus Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus baumannii (Lem.) Lem.
  • Cleistocactus brookeae Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus buchtienii Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus candelilla Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus capadalensis F.Ritter
  • Cleistocactus chrysocephalus (F.Ritter) Mottram
  • Cleistocactus corroanus {{small| Cárdenas}}
  • Cleistocactus dependens Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus herrerae {{small| L.E.Alomía}}
  • Cleistocactus hildegardiae F.Ritter
  • Cleistocactus hyalacanthus (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss.
  • Cleistocactus inquisivensis (Cárdenas) N.P.Taylor
  • Cleistocactus laniceps (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss.
  • Cleistocactus luribayensis Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus micropetalus F.Ritter
  • Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus parviflorus (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss.
  • Cleistocactus pungens F.Ritter
  • Cleistocactus reae Cárdenas
  • Cleistocactus ritteri Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus samaipatanus (Cárdenas) D.R.Hunt
  • Cleistocactus smaragdiflorus (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose
  • Cleistocactus strausii (Heese) Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus tominensis (Weing.) Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus variispinus F.Ritter
  • Cleistocactus viridiflorus Backeb.
  • Cleistocactus winteri D.R.Hunt
  • 175pxDenmoza {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Denmoza rhodacantha {{small|(Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose}}
    175pxEchinopsis {{small|Zucc. 1837}}*Echinopsis albispinosa {{Au|K.Schum.}}
  • Echinopsis aurea {{Au|Britton & Rose}}
  • Echinopsis breviflora {{Au|(Backeb.) M.Lowry}}
  • Echinopsis calochlora {{Au|K.Schum.}}
  • Echinopsis chalaensis {{Au|(Rauh & Backeb.) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley}}
  • Echinopsis chrysantha {{Au|Werderm.}}
  • Echinopsis clavata {{Au|(F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt}}
  • Echinopsis cuzcoensis {{Au|(Britton & Rose) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley}}
  • Echinopsis densispina {{Au|Werderm.}}
  • Echinopsis haematantha {{Au|(Speg.) D.R.Hunt}}
  • Echinopsis jajoana {{Au|(Backeb.) Blossf.}}
  • Echinopsis lageniformis {{Au|(C.F.Först.) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley}}
  • Echinopsis marsoneri {{Au|Werderm.}}
  • Echinopsis oligotricha {{Au|(Cárdenas) M.Lowry}}
  • Echinopsis oxygona {{Au|(Link) Zucc. ex Pfeiff. & Otto}}
  • Echinopsis rauschii {{Au|Friedrich}}
  • Echinopsis rojasii {{Au|Cárdenas}}
  • Echinopsis tacaquirensis {{Au|(Vaupel) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley}}
  • Echinopsis torrefluminensis {{Au|M.Lowry}}
  • Echinopsis werdermannii {{Au|Frič ex Fleisch.}}
  • 175pxEspostoa {{small|Britton & Rose 1920}}*Espostoa blossfeldiorum {{small|(Werderm.) Buxb.}}
  • Espostoa calva {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Espostoa cremnophila {{small|Hoxey}}
  • Espostoa frutescens {{small|Madsen}}
  • Espostoa hylaea {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Espostoa lanata {{small|(Kunth) Britton & Rose}}
  • Espostoa melanostele {{small|(Vaupel) Borg}}
  • Espostoa mirabilis {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Espostoa senilis {{small|(F.Ritter) N.P.Taylor}}
  • Espostoa superba {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Espostoa utcubambensis {{small|G.J.Charles}}
  • 150pxHaageocereus {{small|Backeb. 1933}}*Haageocereus acranthus {{small|(Vaupel) Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus × comosus {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus decumbens {{small|(Vaupel) Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus fascicularis {{small|(Meyen) F.Ritter}}
  • Haageocereus platinospinus {{small|(Werderm. & Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus pseudomelanostele {{small|(Werderm. & Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus repens {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Haageocereus tenuis {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Haageocereus versicolor {{small|(Werderm. & Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • 175pxHarrisia {{small|Britton 1908 publ. 1909}}*Harrisia aboriginum {{small|Small ex Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia adscendens {{small|(Gürke) Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia bonplandii {{small|(J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia brookii {{small|Britton}}
  • Harrisia caymanensis {{small|A.R.Franck}}
  • Harrisia divaricata {{small|(Lam.) Backeb.}}
  • Harrisia earlei {{small|Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia eriophora {{small|(Pfeiff.) Britton}}
  • Harrisia fernowii {{small|Britton}}
  • Harrisia fragrans {{small|Small ex Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia gracilis {{small|(Mill.) Britton}}
  • Harrisia martinii {{small|(Labour.) Britton}}
  • Harrisia pomanensis {{small|(F.A.C.Weber ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose}}
  • Harrisia portoricensis {{small|Britton}}
  • Harrisia regelii {{small|(Weing.) Borg}}
  • Harrisia taetra {{small|Areces}}
  • Harrisia tetracantha {{small|(Labour.) D.R.Hunt}}
  • Harrisia tortuosa {{small|(J.Forbes) Britton & Rose}}
  • Lasiocereus {{small|F.Ritter}}
    (uncertainly in this subtribe)
    *Lasiocereus fulvus F.Ritter
  • Lasiocereus rupicola F.Ritter
  • 175pxLeucostele {{small|Backeb. 1953}}*Leucostele atacamensis {{small|(Phil.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele bolligeriana {{small|(Mächler & Helmut Walter) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele chiloensis {{small|(Colla) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele deserticola {{small|(Werderm.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele faundezii {{small|(Albesiano) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele litoralis {{small|(Johow) P.C.Guerrero & Helmut Walter}}
  • Leucostele nigripilis {{small|(Phil.) P.C.Guerrero & Helmut Walter}}
  • Leucostele pectinifera {{small|(Albesiano) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele skottsbergii {{small|(Backeb.) P.C.Guerrero & Helmut Walter}}
  • Leucostele terscheckii {{small|(J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele tunariensis {{small|(Cárdenas) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele undulosa {{small|(Albesiano) Schlumpb.}}
  • Leucostele werdermanniana {{small|(Backeb.) Schlumpb.}}
  • 175pxLobivia {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Lobivia acchaensis {{small|Eb.Scholz}}
  • Lobivia ancistrophora {{small|(Speg.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia arachnacantha {{small|Buining & F.Ritter}}
  • Lobivia ayopayana {{small|(F.Ritter & Rausch) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia backebergii {{small|(Werderm.) Blatt.}}
  • Lobivia bridgesii {{small|(Salm-Dyck) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia caineana {{small|Cárdenas}}
  • Lobivia calorubra {{small|(Cárdenas) Rausch}}
  • Lobivia cardenasiana {{small|Rausch}}
  • Lobivia chrysochete {{small|(Werderm.) Wessner}}
  • Lobivia cinnabarina {{small|(Hook.) Britton & Rose}}
  • Lobivia ferox {{small|Britton & Rose}}
  • Lobivia hertrichiana {{small|Backeb.}}
  • Lobivia hoevenii {{small|Rausch}}
  • Lobivia kuehhasii {{small|Rausch}}
  • Lobivia lateritia {{small|(Gürke) Britton & Rose}}
  • Lobivia mamillosa {{small|(Gürke) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia maximiliana {{small|(Heyder ex A.Dietr.) Backeb. ex Rausch}}
  • Lobivia minutiflora {{small|(Rausch) Schlumpb. & M.Lowry}}
  • Lobivia obrepanda {{small|(Salm-Dyck) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia pampana {{small|Britton & Rose}}
  • Lobivia pamparuizii {{small|(Cárdenas) Schlumpb.}}
  • Lobivia pentlandii {{small|(Hook.) Britton & Rose}}
  • Lobivia pereziensis {{small|(Cárdenas) Lodé}}
  • Lobivia pugionacantha {{small|(Rose & Boed.) Backeb.}}
  • Lobivia rauschii {{small|Zecher}}
  • Lobivia schieliana {{small|Backeb.}}
  • Lobivia sucrensis {{small|(Cárdenas) Lodé}}
  • Lobivia tegeleriana {{small|Backeb.}}
  • Lobivia tiegeliana {{small|Wessner}}
  • 175pxLoxanthocereus {{small|Backeb. 1937}}*Loxanthocereus acanthurus {{small|(Vaupel) Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus camanaensis {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus clavispinus {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus faustianus {{small|(Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus hoffmannii {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Loxanthocereus hoxeyi {{small|(G.J.Charles) Lodé}}
  • Loxanthocereus hystrix {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus jajoanus {{small|(Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus pachycladus {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus peculiaris {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus sextonianus {{small|(Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus sulcifer {{small|Rauh & Backeb.}}
  • Loxanthocereus xylorhizus {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • 175pxMatucana {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Matucana aurantiaca {{small|(Vaupel) Buxb.}}
  • Matucana aureiflora {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Matucana charlesiorum {{small|Hoxey}}
  • Matucana chrysacantha {{small|Hoxey & G.J.Charles}}
  • Matucana formosa {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Matucana gigantea {{small|G.J.Charles}}
  • Matucana haynii {{small|(Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose}}
  • Matucana hoxeyi {{small|(G.J.Charles) G.J.Charles}}
  • Matucana huagalensis {{small|(Donald & A.Lau) Bregman, Meerst., Melis & A.B.Pullen}}
  • Matucana intertexta {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Matucana klopfensteinii {{small|Cieza & Pino}}
  • Matucana krahnii {{small|(Donald) Bregman}}
  • Matucana madisoniorum {{small|(Hutchison) G.D.Rowley ex D.R.Hunt}}
  • Matucana oreodoxa {{small|(F.Ritter) Slaba}}
  • Matucana paucicostata {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Matucana pughii {{small|G.J.Charles}}
  • Matucana pujupatii {{small|(A.B.Lau & Donald) Bregman}}
  • Matucana rebutiiflora {{small|G.J.Charles}}
  • Matucana ritteri {{small|Buining}}
  • Matucana roseiflora {{small|(G.J.Charles) G.J.Charles & Hoxey}}
  • Matucana tuberculata {{small|(Donald) Bregman, Meerst., Melis & A.B.Pullen}}
  • Matucana weberbaueri {{small|(Vaupel) Backeb.}}
  • 175pxMila {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Mila caespitosa {{small|Britton & Rose}}
    175pxOreocereus {{small|Riccob. 1909}}*Oreocereus celsianus {{small|(Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A.Berger ex Riccob.}}
  • Oreocereus doelzianus {{small|(Backeb.) Borg}}
  • Oreocereus hempelianus {{small|(Gürke) D.R.Hunt}}
  • Oreocereus leucotrichus {{small|(Phil.) Wagenkn.}}
  • Oreocereus pseudofossulatus {{small| D.R.Hunt}}
  • Oreocereus ritteri {{small|Cullmann}}
  • Oreocereus tacnaensis {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Oreocereus trollii {{small|(Kupper) Backeb.}}
  • 175pxOroya {{small|Britton & Rose 1922}}*Oroya borchersii (Boed.) Backeb.
  • Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
  • 175pxPygmaeocereus {{small|H.Johnson & Backeb.}}*Pygmaeocereus bieblii {{small|Diers}}
  • Pygmaeocereus bylesianus {{small|M.O. Andreae & Backeb.}}
  • Pygmaeocereus densiaculeatus {{small|Backeb.}}
  • 175pxRauhocereus {{small|Backeb. 1956 publ. 1957}}*Rauhocereus riosaniensis Backeb.
    175pxReicheocactus {{small|Backeb. 1942}}*Reicheocactus famatimensis {{small|(Speg.) Schlumpb.}}
    175pxSetiechinopsis {{small|Backeb. ex de Haas 1940}}*Setiechinopsis mirabilis {{Au|(Speg.) Backeb. ex de Haas}}
    175pxSoehrensia {{small|Backeb. 1938}}*Soehrensia angelesiae {{Au|(R.Kiesling) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia arboricola {{Au|(Kimnach) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia bruchii {{Au|(Britton & Rose) Backeb.}}
  • Soehrensia camarguensis {{Au|(Cárdenas) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia candicans {{Au|(Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia caulescens {{Au|(F.Ritter) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia formosa {{Au|(Pfeiff.) Backeb.}}
  • Soehrensia grandiflora {{Au|(Britton & Rose) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia hahniana {{Au|(Backeb.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia huascha {{Au|(F.A.C.Weber) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia × mendocina {{Au|(Méndez) Schlumpb.}} (S. candicans × S. strigosa.)
  • Soehrensia quadratiumbonata {{Au|(F.Ritter) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia sandiensis {{Au|(Hoxey) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia schickendantzii {{Au|(F.A.C.Weber) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia serpentina {{Au|(M.Lowry & M.Mend.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia shaferi {{Au|(Britton & Rose) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia smrziana {{Au|(Backeb.) Backeb.}}
  • Soehrensia spachiana {{Au|(Lem.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia strigosa {{Au|(Salm-Dyck) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia tarijensis {{Au|(Vaupel) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia thelegona {{Au|(F.A.C.Weber) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia thelegonoides {{Au|(Speg.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia vasquezii {{Au|(Rausch) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia volliana {{Au|(Backeb.) Schlumpb.}}
  • Soehrensia walteri {{Au|(R.Kiesling) Schlumpb.}}
  • 175pxTrichocereus {{small|(A.Berger) Riccob. 1909}}*Trichocereus macrogonus {{small|(Salm-Dyck) Riccob.}}
  • Trichocereus macrogonus var. macrogonus
  • Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Albesiano & R.Kiesling
  • Trichocereus spinibarbis {{small|(Otto ex Pfeiff.) F.Ritter}}
  • Trichocereus uyupampensis {{small|Backeb.}}
  • 175pxVatricania {{small|Backeb. 1950}}*Vatricania guentheri {{small|(Kupper) Backeb.Greenm. ex Gleason}}
    175pxWeberbauerocereus {{small|Backeb. 1942 }}*Weberbauerocereus albus {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Weberbauerocereus cephalomacrostibas {{small|(Werderm. & Backeb.) F.Ritter}}
  • Weberbauerocereus churinensis {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Weberbauerocereus cuzcoensis {{small|Kníže}}
  • Weberbauerocereus madidiensis {{small|Quispe & A.Fuentes}}
  • Weberbauerocereus rauhii {{small|Backeb.}}
  • Weberbauerocereus weberbaueri {{small|(K.Schum. ex Vaupel) Backeb.}}
  • Weberbauerocereus winterianus {{small|F.Ritter}}
  • Intergeneric hybrids

    Naturally occurring hybrids between genera in the subtribe include:

    Artificial hybrids include:

    References

    {{Reflist|refs=

    {{Cite journal |last1=Romeiro-Brito |first1=Monique |last2=Taylor |first2=Nigel P. |last3=Zappi |first3=Daniela C. |last4=Telhe |first4=Milena C. |last5=Franco |first5=Fernando F. |last6=Moraes |first6=Evandro M. |date=2023 |title=Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=132 |issue=5 |pages=989–1006 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcad153 |name-list-style=amp |pmc=10808018 }}

    }}