Tropical cyclones in 2014
{{Short description|none}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2020}}
{{Tropical cyclones by year
| Track=Tropical cyclones in 2014.png
| First system=Ian
| First date=January 2, 2014
| Last system=Jangmi
| Last date=January 1, 2015
| Strongest system= Vongfong
| Pressure mbar/hPa= 900
| Pressure inHg= 26.58
| Longest system= Gillian
| Total days= 21
| Total systems=117
| Named systems=79
| Fatalities=870 total
| Damages=19680
| YearB=2013
| YearC=2014
| YearC2=14
| YearA2=15
| Five years=2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
}}
File:Halong, Genevieve, Iselle, and Julio 2014-08-06 0000Z.png, Hurricane Genevieve, Hurricane Iselle, and Hurricane Julio]]
File:2014 Worldwide TCs.png during 2014, from Narelle in January to Kate in December.]]
During 2014, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 117 tropical cyclones had formed this year to date. 79 tropical cyclones had been named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC). The most active basin in 2014 was the Western Pacific, which documented 23 named systems, while the Eastern Pacific, despite only amounting to 22 named systems, was its basin's most active since 1992. Conversely, both the North Atlantic hurricane and North Indian Ocean cyclone had a below average season numbering 9 and 3, respectively. Activity across the southern hemisphere's three basins—South-West Indian, Australian, and South Pacific—was spread evenly, with each region recording seven named storms apiece. So far, 26 Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including ten Category 5 tropical cyclones in the year, becoming as the third-most intense tropical cyclone activity on record, only behind with 1997 and 2018. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2014 (seven basins combined), as calculated by Colorado State University (CSU) was 724 units.
The strongest of these tropical cyclones was Typhoon Vongfong, which strengthened to a minimum barometric pressure of 900 mbar (hPa; {{convert|900|mbar|inHg|lk=on|abbr=on|sigfig=4|disp=out}}) before striking the east coast of Japan. The costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone in 2014 was Typhoon Rammasun, which struck China in July, causing US$8.08 billion in damage. Rammasun killed 222 people; 106 in Philippines, 88 in China and 28 in Vietnam.
Global atmospheric and hydrological conditions
{{see also|2014–16 El Niño event}}
During January 2014, after surveying various climate models, the World Meteorological Organization warned that there was an enhanced possibility of a weak El Niño event happening during 2014.{{cite report|title=El Niño/La Niña Update: January 2014 |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |date=30 January 2014 |url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/wcasp/documents/WMO_ENSO_Jan14_Eng.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112024/http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/wcasp/documents/WMO_ENSO_Jan14_Eng.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }} Over the next few months the climate of the Pacific Ocean started to exhibit features that suggested the impending onset of an El Niño event.{{cite journal|title=Pacific ENSO Update: 3rd Quarter 2014 |date=26 August 2014 |publisher=United States Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center |url=http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v20_n3.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329141712/http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v20_n3.pdf |url-status=live |volume=20 |issue=3 |archive-date=29 March 2016 }} Over the ocean, these features included: a rapid fall of the sea level in western Micronesia, as well as a large area of enhanced sea surface temperatures that were present at low latitudes near the International Date Line.{{cite journal|title=Pacific ENSO Update: Special Edition |date=26 August 2014 |url=http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v20_SB1.pdf |volume=20 |issue=SB1 |publisher=United States Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203214520/http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v20_SB1.pdf |archive-date=3 February 2016 |url-status=live }} In the atmosphere these features included persistent westerly winds at equatorial latitudes, which were displaced eastwards towards the Marshall Islands. A large area of atmospheric convection was present at a low latitude near the International Date Line, in association with the development of an unusual amount of early season tropical cyclones near the Marshall Islands. As a result of some of these conditions, an El Niño Watch was issued by the United States Climate Prediction Center (NOAA's CPC) and the International Research Institute for Climate and Society within their March 2014 diagnostic discussion.{{#tag:ref|An El Niño watch is issued by the Climate Prediction Center when conditions are favourable for the development of an El Niño within the next six months.{{cite report|date=6 March 2014 |title=ENSO Alert System |archive-date=18 March 2016 |url=http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_advisory/enso-alert-readme.shtml |url-status=live |publisher=United States Climate Prediction Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318201304/http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_advisory/enso-alert-readme.shtml }}|group="nb"}}{{cite report|date=6 March 2014 |title=El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) diagnostic discussion: March 2014 |archive-date=1 April 2014 |url=http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_disc_mar2014/ensodisc.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401082636/http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_disc_mar2014/ensodisc.pdf |publisher=United States Climate Prediction Center }}{{cite web|date=7 May 2014 |title=ENSO Blog: 8 May ENSO Diagnostic Discussion |archive-date=20 December 2015 |author1=Becker, Emily |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/blogs/enso/may-8-enso-diagnostic-discussion |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220195616/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/blogs/enso/may-8-enso-diagnostic-discussion |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |website=Climate.gov |url-status=live }}
Over the next few months, the atmosphere failed to respond in order to reinforce the developing El Niño, with the monsoon trough remaining weak and tropical cyclone activity slowing, while no episodes of strong westerly winds at a low latitude occurred. Some of the oceanic indicators of El Niño also failed to develop further, with a cooling of sea and sub surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific occurring.{{cite report|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |author=Climate Services Division |title=Fiji Annual Climate Summary 2014 |date=18 August 2015 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/Summary2.pdf |access-date=25 August 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053600/http://www.met.gov.fj/Summary2.pdf |url-status=live }} However, by the end of 2014, several of the El Niño indexes that were used to judge the state of the ENSO state, indicated that weak El Niño conditions had developed over the Pacific Ocean.{{cite journal|title=Pacific ENSO Update: 1st Quarter 2015 |date=3 March 2015 |publisher=United States Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center |url=http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v21_n1.pdf |url-status=live |volume=21 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329155737/http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v21_n1.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2016 }} As a result, a few of the international meteorological agencies, including the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Hong Kong Observatory reported that an El Niño event had developed during 2014, while others such as the Fiji Meteorological Service considered 2014 to be a near miss.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/dec/10/first-el-nino-in-five-years-declared-by-japans-weather-bureau |access-date=10 January 2016 |archive-date=14 March 2016 |url-status=live |title=First El Niño in five years declared by Japan's weather bureau |website=TheGuardian.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314071207/http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/dec/10/first-el-nino-in-five-years-declared-by-japans-weather-bureau }} At this time it was thought that the ENSO state would continue to hover at the borderline El Niño conditions, before easing back into neutral ENSO conditions.{{cite journal|title=Pacific ENSO Update: 2nd Quarter 2015 |date=29 May 2015 |publisher=United States Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center |volume=21 |issue=2 |url=http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v21_n2.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070616/http://www.weather.gov/media/peac/PEU/PEU_v21_n2.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}
Summary
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from:12/03/2014 till:20/03/2014 color:SPAC text:"Mike"
from:17/03/2014 till:19/03/2014 color:SPAC text:"21F"
from:18/03/2014 till:24/03/2014 color:WPAC text:"Caloy"
from:26/03/2014 till:05/04/2014 color:SWIO text:"Hellen"
from:01/04/2014 till:14/04/2014 color:AUSR text:"Ita"
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from:15/04/2014 till:22/04/2014 color:AUSR text:"Jack"
from:19/04/2014 till:21/04/2014 color:WPAC text:"TD"
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from:27/04/2014 till:02/05/2014 color:WPAC text:"Tapah"
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from:26/07/2014 till:29/07/2014 color:EPAC/CPAC text:"Hernan"
from:27/07/2014 till:11/08/2014 color:WPAC text:"Halong"
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from:31/07/2014 till:09/08/2014 color:EPAC/CPAC text:"Iselle"
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from:04/08/2014 till:15/08/2014 color:EPAC/CPAC text:"Julio"
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from:30/10/2014 till:05/11/2014 color:EPAC/CPAC text:"Vance"
from:30/10/2014 till:06/11/2014 color:WPAC text:"Nuri"
from:05/11/2014 till:08/11/2014 color:NIO text:BOB 04
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from:29/12/2014 till:31/12/2014 color:SWIO text:"Kate"
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from:28/12/2014 till:01/01/2015 color:WPAC text:"Jangmi"
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from:22/12/2013 till:31/12/2013 text:Dec. '13
from:01/01/2014 till:01/02/2014 text:January
from:01/02/2014 till:01/03/2014 text:February
from:01/03/2014 till:31/03/2014 text:March
from:01/04/2014 till:30/04/2014 text:April
from:01/05/2014 till:01/06/2014 text:May
from:01/06/2014 till:01/07/2014 text:June
from:01/07/2014 till:01/08/2014 text:July
from:01/08/2014 till:01/09/2014 text:August
from:01/09/2014 till:01/10/2014 text:September
from:01/10/2014 till:01/11/2014 text:October
from:01/11/2014 till:01/12/2014 text:November
from:01/12/2014 till:31/12/2014 text:December
from:01/01/2015 till:06/01/2015 text:Jan. '15
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=North Atlantic Ocean=
{{main|2014 Atlantic hurricane season}}
File:2014 Atlantic hurricane season summary.png
The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 2014.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} It was a below average season in which nine tropical cyclones formed. Eight of the nine designated cyclones attained tropical storm status, the fewest since the 1997 Atlantic hurricane season.{{cite news|author=Brian K Sullivan|title=Snowy End to Hurricane Season That Many Never Noticed|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-11-25/snowy-end-to-hurricane-season-that-many-never-noticed|newspaper=Bloomberg Business|date=November 25, 2014|access-date=February 3, 2015}} Of the eight tropical storms, six reached at least Category 1 hurricane intensity. The 2014 season extended the period without major hurricane landfalls in the United States to nine years, with the last such system being Hurricane Wilma in 2005. The lack of activity was attributed to an atmospheric circulation that favored dry, sinking air over the Atlantic Ocean and strong wind shear over the Caribbean Sea. Additionally, sea surface temperatures were near-average.{{cite web|url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/the-2014-atlantic-hurricane-season-ends-with-belowaverage-activity.html|title=The 2014 Atlantic Hurricane Season Ends With Below-Average Activity|author=Jeff Masters|date=December 1, 2014|publisher=Weather Underground|access-date=September 29, 2021}} A few notable events occurred during the season. Arthur made landfall between Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras as a Category 2 hurricane, becoming the first U.S. landfalling cyclone of that intensity since Hurricane Ike in 2008.{{cite web|author=Mike Watkins|title=Arthur makes landfall as a Category 2 Hurricane|url=http://hurricanetrack.com/2014/07/03/arthur-makes-landfall-as-a-category-2-hurricane/|work=HurricaneTrack|date=July 3, 2014|access-date=July 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709090152/http://hurricanetrack.com/2014/07/03/arthur-makes-landfall-as-a-category-2-hurricane/|archive-date=July 9, 2014|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}} Arthur also became the earliest known hurricane to strike the North Carolina coastline on record, doing so on July 4.{{cite web|author=Wes Hohenstein|title=Arthur hits NC with 100 mph winds, earliest strike in NC history|url=http://www.wncn.com/story/20647515/hurricane-arthur-will-effect-the-coast-tonight-but-be-gone-for-the-weekend|work=WNCN News|date=July 4, 2014|access-date=September 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714165940/http://www.wncn.com/story/20647515/hurricane-arthur-will-effect-the-coast-tonight-but-be-gone-for-the-weekend|archive-date=July 14, 2014}} In October, Fay became the first hurricane to make landfall on Bermuda since Emily in 1987. With Gonzalo striking the island only four days later, 2014 became the first season on record in which more than one hurricane struck Bermuda.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} Four hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall during the season and caused 21 deaths and at least $233 million in damage. Hurricane Cristobal also caused fatalities, though it did not strike land.{{cite news|newspaper=CBC News|date=July 9, 2014|access-date=July 10, 2014|title=Arthur power outage may have contributed to Woodstock death|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/arthur-power-outage-may-have-contributed-to-woodstock-death-1.2701077}}
- {{cite report|author=National Weather Service Office in Tallahassee, Florida|work=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|year=2014|access-date=December 9, 2014|title=Florida Event Report: Thunderstorm Wind|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=516702}}
- {{cite report|author=National Weather Service Office in Newport/Morehead City, North Carolina|work=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|year=2014|access-date=December 9, 2014|title=North Carolina Event Report: Tropical Storm|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=536963}}
- {{cite report|work=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|year=2015|access-date=May 29, 2015|title=Massachusetts Event Reports: July 3–4, 2014|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=ALL&beginDate_mm=07&beginDate_dd=03&beginDate_yyyy=2014&endDate_mm=07&endDate_dd=04&endDate_yyyy=2014&county=ALL&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=25%2CMASSACHUSETTS}}
- {{cite news|agency=The Canadian Press|newspaper=Global News|date=November 19, 2014|access-date=December 9, 2014|title=Updated: Province to help pay for damage caused by post-tropical storm Arthur|url=http://globalnews.ca/news/1681031/new-brunswick-to-help-pay-for-damage-caused-by-post-tropical-storm-arthur/|location=Fredericton, New Brunswick}}
- {{cite news|newspaper=IRI Radio-Canada|date=July 9, 2014|access-date=July 11, 2014|title=Arthur en Haute-Gaspésie : Marsoui, Mont-Louis et les autres|url=http://ici.radio-canada.ca/regions/est-quebec/2014/07/09/001-gaspesie-haute-gaspesie-degats-arthur.shtml|language=fr}}
- {{cite report|author=Eric S. Blake|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Bertha|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL032014_Bertha}}|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=December 18, 2014|access-date=May 24, 2015|location=Miami, Florida|pages=2, 3|format=PDF}}
- {{cite report|author=National Weather Service Office in Jacksonville, Florida|work=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|year=2014|access-date=December 21, 2014|title=Florida Event Report: Rip Current|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=537888}}
- {{cite news|author=Melanie Adams|newspaper=Southern Daily Echo|date=August 11, 2014|access-date=August 14, 2014|title=Yachtsman killed after getting caught in strong winds in The Solent|url=http://www.dailyecho.co.uk/news/11401937.Yachtsman_killed_after_getting_caught_in_strong_winds/}}
- {{cite report|author=Richard J. Pasch|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Cristobal|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL042014_Cristobal}}|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=February 11, 2015|access-date=May 24, 2015|location=Miami, Florida|pages=2, 3|format=PDF}}
- {{cite web|author=European Commission Humanitarian Aid department|title=Bahamas – Tropical Cyclone CRISTOBAL (ECHO Daily Flash 22 August)|date=August 22, 2014|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=May 21, 2015|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/bahamas/bahamas-tropical-cyclone-cristobal-echo-daily-flash-22-august}}
- {{cite news|title=Cristóbal se fortalece en el Caribe; se convertiría en huracán|date=August 25, 2014|newspaper=El Economista|access-date=May 21, 2015|language=es|url=http://eleconomista.com.mx/internacional/2014/08/25/cristobal-se-fortalece-caribe-se-convertiria-huracan}}
- {{cite news|author=Scott Dance|date=August 28, 2014|newspaper=The Baltimore Sun|access-date=May 21, 2015|title=Swimming restrictions in place in Ocean City as Cristobal stirs up seas, drowning Va. teen|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2014/08/28/swimming-restrictions-in-place-in-ocean-city-as-cristobal-stirs-up-seas-drowning-va-teen/}}
- {{cite news|author=Sergio Bichao|title=Teen drowns in NJ shore rip current|date=August 28, 2014|newspaper=The Delaware News Journal|access-date=May 20, 2015|url=http://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/local/2014/08/28/teen-drowns-nj-shore-rip-current/14728803/}}
- {{cite news|author=Miriam Vallejano|newspaper=Conexión Total|date=September 3, 2014|access-date=September 5, 2014|title=Deja Dolly 1 muerto, 3 comunidades aisladas y daños en Tampico Alto|url=http://conexiontotal.mx/2014/09/03/deja-dolly-1-muerto-3-comunidades-aisladas-y-danos-en-tampico-alto/|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905095949/http://conexiontotal.mx/2014/09/03/deja-dolly-1-muerto-3-comunidades-aisladas-y-danos-en-tampico-alto/|archive-date=2014-09-05|url-status=dead}}
- {{cite news|author=Armando Castillo|newspaper=La Verdad de Tamaulipas|date=September 18, 2014|access-date=September 20, 2014|title=Estiman en 80 millones daños en red carretera|url=http://laverdad.com.mx/desplegar_noticia.php?seccion=LOCAL¬a=182159|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924042353/http://laverdad.com.mx/desplegar_noticia.php?seccion=LOCAL¬a=182159|archive-date=2014-09-24|url-status=dead}}
- {{cite news|newspaper=Milenio|date=September 12, 2014|access-date=September 20, 2014|title=Estiman en 7 mdp daños en El Mante por "Dolly"|url=http://www.milenio.com/region/Dolly-Mante-danos_por_Dolly_0_371362933.html|language=es}}
- {{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL072014_Fay}}|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fay|author=Todd B. Kimberlain|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=December 17, 2014|access-date=May 24, 2015|location=Miami, Florida|format=PDF}}
- {{cite report|author=Daniel P. Brown|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Gonzalo|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL082014_Gonzalo}}|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 20, 2015|access-date=January 21, 2015|location=Miami, Florida|pages=2, 3|format=PDF}}
- {{cite news|agency=Associated Press|title=Hurricane Gonzalo strengthens, threatens Bermuda|date=October 14, 2014|newspaper=CBC News|access-date=October 14, 2014|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/hurricane-gonzalo-strengthens-threatens-bermuda-1.2797631}} The Atlantic hurricane season officially ended on November 30, 2014.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}}
Tropical cyclogenesis began in early July, with the development of Hurricane Arthur on July 1, ahead of the long-term climatological average of July 9. Early on July 3, the system intensified into a hurricane, preceding the climatological average of August 10.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Climatology|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/climo/#bac|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Hurricane Center|access-date=May 23, 2014|location=Miami, Florida}} Later that month, a tropical depression developed over the eastern Atlantic, but dissipated after only two days. There were also two tropical cyclones in August, with the development of hurricanes Bertha and Cristobal. Despite being the climatological peak of hurricane season, only two additional systems originated in September – Tropical Storm Dolly and Hurricane Edouard. In October, three storms developed, including hurricane Fay and Gonzalo and Tropical Storm Hanna.{{cite web|url={{NHC TCR url|id=summary_atlc_2014}}|title=2014 Atlantic Hurricane Season|author=Richard J. Pasch|date=May 1, 2015|publisher=National Hurricane Center|access-date=July 22, 2015|location=Miami, Florida}} The most intense tropical cyclone – Hurricane Gonzalo – peaked with maximum sustained winds of {{convert|145|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}} on October 16 which is a Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. It was the first Category 4 hurricane since Hurricane Ophelia in 2011.{{cite web|author=John P. Cangialosi|date=October 15, 2014|title=Hurricane Gonzalo Discussion Number 13|publisher=National Hurricane Center|location=Miami, Florida|access-date=October 15, 2014|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2014/al08/al082014.discus.013.shtml}} The final tropical cyclone of the season was Hanna, which dissipated on October 28.
The season's activity was reflected with an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) rating of 67.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} This was nearly double that of the previous season, but still well below the 1981–2010 median of 92.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} The ACE value in October was higher than August and September combined, which has not occurred since 1963.
= Eastern & Central Pacific Oceans =
{{main|2014 Pacific hurricane season}}
File:2014 Pacific hurricane season summary map.png
The season's first named storm, Amanda, developed on May 23, shortly after the official start to the Pacific hurricane season on May 15. On May 24, the system intensified into a hurricane, transcending the climatological average date of June 26 for the first hurricane. The next day, Amanda attained major hurricane status, over a month sooner than the average date of July 19.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Climatology|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/climo/#bac|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Hurricane Center|access-date=May 23, 2014|location=Miami, Florida}} Owing to Amanda's extreme intensity the ACE value for May was the highest on record in the East Pacific at 18.6 units, eclipsing the previous record of 17.9 units set in 2001.{{cite report|author=Hurricane Specialists Unit|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=June 1, 2014|access-date=March 2, 2015|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary|location=Miami, Florida|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWSEP/2014/TWSEP.201406031119.txt|format=.TXT}} Hurricane Cristina became the second's major hurricane, the system broke the previous record set by Hurricane Darby in 2010 which reached major status on June 25. However, this record was broken by Hurricane Blanca in 2015 which reached major status on June 3. Through June 14, the seasonal ACE reached its highest level since 1971, when reliable records began, for so early in the season. By the end of June, the ACE total remained at 230% of the normal value,{{cite report|author=Hurricane Specialist Unit|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWSEP/2014/TWSEP.201407011622.txt|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Hurricane Center|date=July 1, 2014|access-date=August 13, 2014|location=Miami, Florida}} before subsiding to near-average levels to end July.{{cite report|author=Hurricane Specialist Unit|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWSEP/2014/TWSEP.201408011447.txt|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Hurricane Center|date=August 1, 2014|access-date=August 13, 2014|location=Miami, Florida|format=.TXT}} By late July, the basin became rejuvenated, with 3 systems forming during the final 10 days of the month. Activity in August ramped up significantly, with four hurricanes developing during the month, two of which became major hurricanes, excluding Iselle and Genevieve, which formed in July, but became a major hurricane during August. By the end of August, ACE values rose to 60% above the 30-year average.{{cite report|author=Hurricane Specialist Unit|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=September 1, 2014|access-date=September 2, 2014|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary|location=Miami, Florida|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWSEP/2014/TWSEP.201409011429.txt|format=.TXT}}
Continued, though less prolific, activity extended through September with four hurricanes developing that month. ACE values remained 45% above-average by the end of the month.{{cite report|author=Hurricane Specialists Unit|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=October 1, 2014|access-date=October 1, 2014|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary|location=Miami, Florida|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/text/TWSEP/2014/TWSEP.201410011427.txt|format=.TXT}} Following the rapid intensification of Hurricane Simon to a Category 3 hurricane during the afternoon of October 4, the 2014 season featured the highest number of major hurricanes in the Eastern Pacific basin since the advent of satellite imagery. With eight such storms east of 140°W, the year tied with the record set in the 1992 season.{{cite report|author=Daniel P. Brown|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=September 14, 2014|access-date=September 14, 2014|title=Hurricane Odile Discussion Number 17|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2014/ep15/ep152014.discus.017.shtml|location=Miami, Florida}}{{cite report|author=Jack L. Beven II|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=October 4, 2014|access-date=October 4, 2014|title=Hurricane Simon Discussion Number 13|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2014/ep19/ep192014.discus.013.shtml|location=Miami, Florida}} However, this record was surpassed by the 2015 Pacific hurricane season.
{{clear}}
Systems
A total of 114 systems formed globally in 2014 with 71 of them causing significant damage, deaths, and/or setting records for their basin.
=January=
File:Colin Jan 11 2014 0820Z.jpg]]
The month of January was very active with 18 systems, starting with Ian bringing damages in Fiji and Tonga.
Adding on, Lingling was the first disturbance in the West Pacific, affecting Philippines. Colin became the strongest tropical cyclone in the month of January this 2014, but it stayed well from land. 14 more disturbances formed on different basins, 6 are named by their respective meteorological agencies.
=February=
File:Faxai Mar 4 2014 0305Z.jpg]]
In the month of February, 11 systems formed, of which 6 were named. Typhoon Faxai became the strongest tropical cyclone of the month, affecting the Caroline Islands and the Mariana Islands. Edilson brought considerable damages and heavy rainfall to Mauritius and Réunion, and Guito did the same to Mozambique and Madagascar.
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Tropical cyclones formed in February 2014 |
| width="5%" | Storm name
! width="15%"| Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
|---|
| Edilson
|February 3–7 |105 (65) |978 |None |None | |
| Fobane
|February 5–16 |110 (70) |975 |None |None |None | |
| 11U
|February 7–10 |Not specified |994 |None |None | |
| 13F
|February 16–19 |Not specified |1003 |None |None | |
| Guito
|February 17–21 |110 (70) |980 |None |None | |
| 14F
|February 23–26 |Not specified |1002 |None |None | |
| Kofi
|February 24–March 4 |100 (65) |980 |None |None | |
| 13
|February 25–March 1 |75 (45) |993 |None |None |None | |
| Hadi
|February 26–March 20 |75 (45) |992 |Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Queensland |None |None | |
| Faxai
|February 27–March 5 |120 (75) |975 |Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands |Minimal |1 |
| 12U
|February 28–March 2 |Not specified |Not specified |None |None |None | |
=March=
File:Hellen 2014-03-30 0721Z.jpg]]
In the month of March, 8 systems formed, of which 5 were named. Cyclone Hellen was one of the most powerful tropical cyclones in the Mozambique Channel on record, as well as the most intense of the 2013–14 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: however, it made landfall on Madagascar with winds of {{convert|110|km/h|mph}}. In the Australian basin, Cyclone Gillian was the second most powerful cyclone of the 2013–14 Australian region cyclone season and the strongest in the basin in the last four years. 17F, Lusi, Mike, and 21F formed in the South Pacific basin while Caloy formed in the West Pacific basin near the Philippines.
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Tropical cyclones formed in March 2014 |
| width="5%" | Storm name
! width="15%"| Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
|---|
| Gillian
|March 6–27 |220 (140) |927 |Queensland, Northern Territory, East Timor, Indonesia, Christmas Island |Minimal |None | |
| 17F
|March 6–8 |Not specified |1005 |None |None | |
| Lusi
|March 7–14 |150 (90) |960 |$3 million |10 |
| TD
|March 11–12 |Not specified |1008 |None |None | |
| Mike
|March 12–20 |65 (40) |990 |Minimal |None | |
| 21F
|March 17–19 |45 (30) |998 |None |None | |
| Caloy
|March 17–24 |Not specified |1004 |None |None | |
| Hellen
|March 26–April 5 |230 (145) |915 |Mozambique, Comoro Islands, Madagascar |Unknown |8 |{{cite web|publisher=AllAfrica|date=March 30, 2014|access-date=March 31, 2014|location=Maputo, Mozambique|title=Mozambique: Four Dead in Torrential Rains in Pemba|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201403310488.html}}{{cite web|work=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=April 1, 2014|access-date=April 1, 2014|title=Tropical Depression Hellen overview (as of 1 April 2014)|url=http://reliefweb.int/map/madagascar/tropical-depression-hellen-overview-1-april-2014}} |
=April=
File:Ita Apr 11 2014 0355Z.jpg]]
In the month of April, 7 systems formed, the second-least active month of this year; however, 5 storms were named. Severe Tropical Cyclone Ita was the strongest tropical cyclone in the Australian region by minimum central pressure since George in 2007, and since Monica in 2006 by wind speed. In the Australian basin, including Ita, 2 more systems formed: Jack and a weak 17U. Ivanoe formed in the South-West Indian Ocean basin, while Peipah (Domeng), a weak tropical depression, and Tapah existed in the West Pacific basin.
=May=
File:Amanda May 25 2014 1445Z.png]]
May of 2014 was one of the least active months in the history of worldwide tropical cyclogenesis despite an extant El Niño event, with two tropical cyclones forming. One of them was BOB 02, a depression that brought relief to Odisha, which had been suffering from a heat wave that claimed 22 lives. Coastal areas previously reporting temperatures near {{convert|40|C|F|abbr=on}} fell below {{convert|30|C|F|abbr=on}} during the system's passage.{{cite web|publisher=The New Indian Express |date=May 26, 2014 |access-date=May 29, 2014 |title=Heavy Rains Lash Odisha; Flood Alert in 6 Districts |location=Bhubaneswar, India |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Heavy-Rains-Lash-Odisha-Flood-Alert-in-6-Districts/2014/05/26/article2246174.ece |archive-date=May 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530031154/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Heavy-Rains-Lash-Odisha-Flood-Alert-in-6-Districts/2014/05/26/article2246174.ece |url-status=dead }} The other was Amanda, which was the strongest Eastern Pacific tropical cyclone ever recorded in the month of May,{{cite web|author=Stacy R. Stewart|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP012014_Amanda.pdf|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Amanda|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Hurricane Center|date=June 24, 2014|access-date=December 26, 2016}} and it is also the strongest cyclone of the month with a wind speed of {{convert|135|kn|mph}} and a pressure of {{convert|932|hPa|inHg}}.
=June=
File:Cristina Jun 12 2014 1445Z.png]]
=July=
File:Genevieve 2014-08-08 VIIRS.jpg]]
=August=
File:Marie 2014-08-24 2040Z.jpg]]
=September=
File:Odile_2014-09-14_0600Z.jpg]]
=October=
File:Vongfong 2014-10-08 0410Z.jpg]]
=November=
File:Hagupit 2014-12-04 0438Z.jpg]]
A total of 7 storms formed within the month of November, of which 4 were named. Typhoon Hagupit was the strongest storm of the month and the second-most intense storm of the year, impacting the Philippines a few weeks after Sinlaku affected the Philippines as a tropical depression. Cyclone Qendresa was a rare system that caused damages and 3 deaths in Italy.
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Tropical cyclones formed in November 2014 |
| width="5%" | Storm name
! width="15%"| Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
|---|
| BOB 04
|November 5–8 |55 (35) |1000 |None |None |None | |
| Qendresa
|November 5–11 |110 (70) |978 |Libya, Tunisia, Italy, Malta, Greece |$250 million |3 |
| Adjali
|November 15–21 |110 (70) |987 |None |None |None | |
| 01F
|November 21–26 |Not specified |1003 |Tokelau, Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna, Samoan Islands |Minimal |None | |
| 02
|November 24–30 |55 (35) |997 |Diego Garcia, Mauritius, Rodrigues |None |None | |
| Sinlaku (Queenie)
|November 26–30 |85 (50) |990 |Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia |$4.26 million |4 |
| Hagupit (Ruby)
|November 30–December 12 |215 (130) |905 |Caroline Islands, Palau, Philippines, Vietnam |$114 million |18 |
=December=
File:Kate Dec 27 2014 0400Z.jpg]]
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Tropical cyclones formed in December 2014 |
| width="5%" | Storm name
! width="15%"| Dates active ! width="10%" | Max wind ! width="5%" | Pressure ! width="30%" | Areas affected ! width="10%" | Damage ! width="5%" | Deaths ! width="5%" | Refs |
|---|
| 01U
|December 3–4 |55 (35) |1000 |None |None |None | |
| Bakung
|December 10–13 |95 (60) |991 |None |None | |
| 03U
|December 13–15 |Not specified |Not specified |None |None |None | |
| 02F
|December 16–17 |Not specified |1007 |None |None |None | |
| 03F
|December 20–26 |55 (35) |998 |None |None | |
| 04F
|December 21–24 |Not specified |1000 |None |None | |
| Kate
|December 21–31 |165 (105) |950 |Minimal |None | |
| 05F
|December 23–29 |Not specified |1000 |None |None | |
| Jangmi (Seniang)
|December 28–January 1 |75 (45) |996 |$28.4 million |66 |{{cite web|url=http://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1367/NDRRMC_Update_Sitrep_22_Effects_of_TS_SENIANG_10Jan2015_0800H.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110063726/http://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1367/NDRRMC_Update_Sitrep_22_Effects_of_TS_SENIANG_10Jan2015_0800H.pdf |archive-date=January 10, 2015 |title=SitRep No. 22 re Effects of Tropical Storm SENIANG |publisher=National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council |date=January 10, 2015 |access-date=January 10, 2015 |url-status=dead }} |
Global effects
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| width="320" | Season name
! width="250" | Areas affected ! width="65" | Systems formed ! width="65" | Named storms ! width="100" | Damage (USD) ! width="50" | Deaths |
|---|
| 2014 Atlantic hurricane season
|Yucatán Peninsula, Cayman Islands, Cuba, United States, Canada, Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, The Bahamas, Bermuda, Iceland, Ireland, United Kingdom, Hispaniola, West Africa, Cape Verde, Azores |9 |8 |$371.6 million |21 |
| 2014 Pacific hurricane season
|Mexico, Baja California Sur, Southwestern United States, Hawaii, Johnston Atoll, Central America, Colima, Sonora, Nayarit |23 |22 |$1.52 billion |49 |
| 2014 Pacific typhoon season
|Micronesia, Taiwan, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Laos, Russian Far East, Thailand, Myanmar, Alaska |31 |22 |$12.92 billion |572 |
| 2014 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
|India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea |8 |3 |$3.58 billion |183 |
| 2013–14 Australian region cyclone season5
|Indonesia, Australia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea |12 |7 |$1.15 billion |22 |
| 2014–15 Australian region cyclone season5
|Indonesia, Australia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea |4 |2 |None |None |
| 2013–14 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season5
|Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion |11 |7 |$89.2 million |11 |
| 2014–15 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season5
|Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion |2 |1 |None |None |
| 2013–14 South Pacific cyclone season5
|Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Tonga, New Zealand, Samoan Islands, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Solomon Islands |12 |5 |$48 million |12 |
| 2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season5
|Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Tonga, New Zealand, Samoan Islands, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Solomon Islands |5 |None |None |None |
| Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone
|Libya, Tunisia, Italy, Malta, Greece |1 |1 |$250 million |3 |
| Worldwide
|(See above) |{{#expr:9+23+31+8+12+4+11+2+12+5}}{{efn|name=System/Fatality Counting|The sum of the number of systems and fatalities in each basin will not equal the number shown as the total. This is because when systems move between basins, it creates a discrepancy in the actual number of systems and fatalities.}} |{{#expr:8+22+22+3+7+2+7+1+2+5+0}} |> $19.68 billion |870 |
{{Notelist}}
Notes
{{Reflist|group=nb}}
1 Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 2014 are counted in the seasonal totals.
2 Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 2014 are counted in the seasonal totals.
3 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
4 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
5The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses gust winds.
See also
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
References
{{Reflist|2}}
External links
{{Tropical cyclones by decade/2010–2019}}
Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers
- [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ US National Hurricane Center] – North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific
- [http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/ Central Pacific Hurricane Center] – Central Pacific
- [http://www.jma.go.jp/en/typh/ Japan Meteorological Agency] – NW Pacific
- [http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/index.php?lang=en India Meteorological Department] – Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea
- [http://www.meteo.fr/temps/domtom/La_Reunion/webcmrs9.0/anglais/ Météo-France – La Reunion] – South Indian Ocean from 30°E to 90°E
- [http://www.met.gov.fj/ Fiji Meteorological Service] – South Pacific west of 160°E, north of 25° S
Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers
- [http://meteo.bmkg.go.id/siklon Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia] – South Indian Ocean from 90°E to 141°E, generally north of 10°S
- [http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/ Australian Bureau of Meteorology (TCWC's Perth, Darwin & Brisbane)] – South Indian Ocean & South Pacific Ocean from 90°E to 160°E, generally south of 10°S
- [http://www.pngmet.gov.pg/warnings/smartalert/ Papua New Guinea National Weather Service] – South Pacific Ocean from 141°E to 160°E, generally north of 10°S
- [http://metservice.com/ Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited] – South Pacific west of 160°E, south of 25°S
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