Voiced bilabial implosive

{{redirect|Bilabial implosive|the voiceless implosive|Voiceless bilabial implosive}}

{{Infobox IPA

|ipa symbol=ɓ

|ipa number=160

|decimal=595

|x-sampa=b_<

|imagefile=IPA Unicode 0x0253.svg

|imagesize=150px

|braille=236

|braille2=b

}}

The voiced bilabial implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is {{angbr IPA|ɓ}}, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b_<.

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial implosive:

Occurrence

class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" \| Language !! Word !! IPA !! Meaning !! Notes
colspan="2" \|Akatek \|p'eyp'al \|[ɓejɓal] \|'the walking (thing)' \|
colspan="2" \|Balanta-Ganja \|{{lang\|bjt\|ɓaara}}? \|[ɓaːra]? \|'heron' \| Possible allophone for /b/.{{Cite web \|title=Balanta-Ganja (Fgañja / فْگَݧْجَ) \|url=https://omniglot.com/writing/balantaganja.htm \|website=Omniglot \|language=English}}
colspan="2" \| Ega{{Harvcoltxt\|Connell\|Ahoua\|Gibbon\|2002\|p=100}}	colspan="2" align="center" \| {{IPA\|[ɓá]}}	'send away'
English \| Southern American{{Harvcoltxt\|Wells\|1982\|p=489}} \| body \| {{IPA\|[ɓʌdi]}} \| 'body' \| Possible realization of word-initial {{IPA\|/b/}}. See English phonology
colspan="2" \| Fula{{Harvcoltxt\|Keer\|1999\|p=82}}	{{lang\|ff\|fulɓe}} {{lang\|ff-Adlm\|𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫}}	{{IPA\|[fulɓe]}}	'Fulbe person' (g.)
colspan="2" \| Goemai	{{lang\|ank\|ḅas}}	{{IPA\|[ɓas]}}	'to fetch'
colspan="2" \| Hausa	{{lang\|ha\|ɓaɓewa}} / {{lang\|ha-Arab\|ݑَݑٜىٰوَا}}	{{IPA\|[ɓaɓɛua]}}	'quarreling'
colspan="2" \| Jamaican Patois{{Harvcoltxt\|Devonish\|Harry\|2004\|p=456}}	{{lang\|jam\|beat}}	{{IPA\|[ɓiːt]}}	'beat'	Allophone of {{IPA\|/b/}} in the onset of prominent syllables.
colspan="2" \| Kalabari{{Harvcoltxt\|Harry\|2003\|p=113}}	{{lang\|ijn\|ḅá}}	{{IPA\|[ɓá]}}	'kill'
colspan="2" \| Khmer	{{lang\|km\|បារាំង}}/{{Transliteration\|km\|barăng}}	{{IPA\|[ɓaːraŋ]}}	noun: 'France' adjective: 'French'	See Khmer phonology
colspan="2" \|Konso{{Cite book \|last=Orkaydo \|first=Ongaye Oda \|title=A Grammar of Konso \|year=2013 \|pages=11}} \|{{lang\|kxc\|bad}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓaɗ]}} \|‘to hide’ \|
colspan="2" \|Kwaza \|{{lang\|xwa\|bura}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓuɾa]}} \|'put [the] hat on!' \|
colspan="2" \|Latundê{{Harvcoltxt\|Telles\|2013\|p=298}} \| colspan="2" align="center" \|{{IPA\|[ˌɓa:ˈnãn]}} \|'(they) are two' \|One of the possible realisations of {{IPA\|/p/}}.
Mayan \|Yucatec \|{{lang\|yua\|balam}} \|[ɓalam] \|'jaguar' \|
colspan="2" \| Mam \| {{lang\|mam\|qanbʼax}} \| {{IPA\|[qamɓaʂ]}} \| 'foot' \|
colspan="2" \| Mono{{Harvcoltxt\|Olson\|2004\|p=233}}	{{lang\|mnh\|‘balœ}}	{{IPA\|[ɓálə́]}}	'at'
Punjabi \| Dialectal \| {{lang\|pa\|ਬੱਕਰੀ}} / {{lang\|pnb\|بکری}} \| {{IPA\|[ˈɓək.krɪ]}} \| 'goat' \|
colspan="2' \| Paumarí{{Harvcoltxt\|Everett\|2003\|p=23}}	{{lang\|pad\|{{`}}bo'da\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ɓoɗa]}}	'old'
colspan="2" \|Saraiki{{Cite book\|last1=Bashir\|first1=Elena\|author1-link=Elena Bashir\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajrEDwAAQBAJ&q=A+Descriptive+Grammar+of+Hindko,+Punjabi,+and+Saraiki\|title=A Descriptive Grammar of Hindko, Panjabi, and Saraiki\|last2=J. Conners\|first2=Thomas\|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG\|year=2019\|isbn=9781614512257\|volume=4 of Mouton-CASL Grammar Series\|pages=28\|language=en\|chapter=3.3.1.3\|quote=Saraiki has four voiced implosive stops: bilabial /ɓ/, alveolar /ɗ/, palatal /ʄ/, and velar /ɠ/.}} \|{{lang\|skr\|ٻال}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓɑː.l]}} \| rowspan="2" \|'child' \|
colspan="2" \| Sindhi \| {{lang\|sd\|ٻر}} \| {{IPA\|[ɓaˑrʊ]}} \|
colspan="2" \|Serer{{Harvcoltxt\|Mc Laughlin\|2005\|p=203}} \| {{lang\|srr\|ɓood}}/ {{lang\|srr-Arab\|ࢠࣷودْ}} \| {{IPA\|[ɓoːd]}} \| 'to crawl' \| Contrasts {{IPA\|/ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/}}.
colspan="2" \|Southern Nambikwara{{Harvcoltxt\|Netto\|2018\|p=\|pp=105, 106}} \| colspan="2" align="center" \|{{IPA\|[ɓa̰h]}} \|'ask excuse' \|One of the possible realisations of {{IPA\|/p/}}.
colspan="2" \| Shona	{{lang\|sn\|baba}}	{{IPA\|[ɓàːɓá]}}	'father'
colspan="2" \| Tera{{Harvcoltxt\|Tench\|2007\|p=228}}	{{lang\|ttr\|ɓala}}	{{IPA\|[ɓala]}}	'to talk'	Contrasts phonemically with palatalized implosive, {{IPA\|/ɓʲ/}}
colspan="2" \| Tukang Besi	colspan=2 align=center \| {{IPA\|[aɓa]}}	'previous'
colspan="2" \| Vietnamese{{Harvcoltxt\|Thompson\|1959\|pp=458–461}}	{{lang\|vi\|bạn}}	{{IPA\|[ɓan̪˧ˀ˨ʔ]}}	'you'	See Vietnamese phonology
colspan="2" \|Standard Zhuang \|{{lang\|za\|lajmbwn}} \|{{IPA\|[la̋ːɓɯ̌n]}} \|'world' \|
colspan="2" \| Zulu	{{lang\|zu\|ubaba}}	{{IPA\|[úˈɓàːɓá]}}	'my father'

Notes

References

{{Citation

|last1=Connell

|first1=Bruce

|last2=Ahoua

|first2=Firmin

|last3=Gibbon

|first3=Dafydd

|year=2002

|title=Ega

|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association

|volume=32

|issue=1

|pages=99–104

|doi=10.1017/S002510030200018X

|doi-access=free

}}

{{Citation

|last1=Devonish

|first1=H.

|last2=Harry

|first2=Otelamate G.

|year= 2004

|editor=Kortman, B

|editor2=Shneider E. W.

|chapter=Jamaican phonology

|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English

|volume=1

|series=phonology

|pages=441–471

|place=Berlin

|publisher=Mouton De Gruyter

}}

{{Citation

|last=Everett

|first=Daniel L.

|date=2003

|title=Iambic Feet in Paumari and the Theory of Foot Structure

|journal=Linguistic Discovery|volume=2

|issue=1

|doi=10.1349/ps1.1537-0852.a.263

|issn=1537-0852|doi-access=free

}}

{{Citation

|last=Harry

|first=Otelamate G.

|year=2003

|title=Kalaḅarị-Ịjo

|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association

|volume=33

|issue=1

|pages=113–120

|doi=10.1017/S002510030300121X

|doi-access=free

}}

{{Citation

|last=Keer

|first=Edward

|year=1999

|title=Geminates, The OCP and The Nature of CON

|publisher=Rutgers University

}}

{{Citation

|last=Mc Laughlin

|first=Fiona

|year=2005

|title=Voiceless implosives in Seereer-Siin

|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association

|volume=35

|issue=2

|pages=201–214

|doi=10.1017/S0025100305002215

|s2cid=145717014

}}

{{Citation

|last=Olson

|first=Kenneth S.

|year=2004

|title=Mono

|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association

|volume=34

|issue=2

|pages=233–238

|doi=10.1017/S0025100304001744

|url=https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/11/37/52/113752932904084361138922206226269471614/Olson2004.pdf

|doi-access=free

}}

{{Citation

|last=Tench

|first=Paul

|year=2007

|title=Tera

|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association

|volume=37

|issue=1

|pages=228–234

|doi=10.1017/s0025100307002952

|doi-access=free

}}

{{Citation

|last=Thompson

|first=Laurence

|year=1959

|title=Saigon phonemics

|journal=Language

|volume=35

|issue=3

|pages=454–476

|doi=10.2307/411232

|jstor=411232

}}

{{Citation

|last=Wells

|first=John C.

|year=1982

|title=Accents of English

|volume=3: Beyond the British Isles

|publisher=Cambridge University Press

|isbn=0-521-24225-8

}}

{{Citation|last=Netto|first=Luiz|title=Fonologia do grupo Nambikwára do Campo|date=2018|type=Master's dissertation|publisher=Federal University of Pernambuco|url=https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/30688|language=pt-BR|place=Recife|pages=105, 106}}
{{citation|first=Stella|last=Telles|year=2013|journal=Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas|volume=8|issue=2|title=Traços laringais em Latundê (Nambikwára do Norte)|pages=291–306 |language=pt-BR|place=Belém|doi=10.1590/S1981-81222013000200005|doi-access=free}}

External links

{{phoible|ɓ}}

Category:Bilabial consonants

Category:Implosives

Category:Voiced oral consonants

class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" \| Language !! Word !! IPA !! Meaning !! Notes
colspan="2" \|Akatek \|p'eyp'al \|[ɓejɓal] \|'the walking (thing)' \|
colspan="2" \|Balanta-Ganja \|{{lang\|bjt\|ɓaara}}? \|[ɓaːra]? \|'heron' \| Possible allophone for /b/.{{Cite web \|title=Balanta-Ganja (Fgañja / فْگَݧْجَ) \|url=https://omniglot.com/writing/balantaganja.htm \|website=Omniglot \|language=English}}
colspan="2" \| Ega{{Harvcoltxt\|Connell\|Ahoua\|Gibbon\|2002\|p=100}}	colspan="2" align="center" \| {{IPA\|[ɓá]}}	'send away'
English \| Southern American{{Harvcoltxt\|Wells\|1982\|p=489}} \| body \| {{IPA\|[ɓʌdi]}} \| 'body' \| Possible realization of word-initial {{IPA\|/b/}}. See English phonology
colspan="2" \| Fula{{Harvcoltxt\|Keer\|1999\|p=82}}	{{lang\|ff\|fulɓe}} {{lang\|ff-Adlm\|𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫}}	{{IPA\|[fulɓe]}}	'Fulbe person' (g.)
colspan="2" \| Goemai	{{lang\|ank\|ḅas}}	{{IPA\|[ɓas]}}	'to fetch'
colspan="2" \| Hausa	{{lang\|ha\|ɓaɓewa}} / {{lang\|ha-Arab\|ݑَݑٜىٰوَا}}	{{IPA\|[ɓaɓɛua]}}	'quarreling'
colspan="2" \| Jamaican Patois{{Harvcoltxt\|Devonish\|Harry\|2004\|p=456}}	{{lang\|jam\|beat}}	{{IPA\|[ɓiːt]}}	'beat'	Allophone of {{IPA\|/b/}} in the onset of prominent syllables.
colspan="2" \| Kalabari{{Harvcoltxt\|Harry\|2003\|p=113}}	{{lang\|ijn\|ḅá}}	{{IPA\|[ɓá]}}	'kill'
colspan="2" \| Khmer	{{lang\|km\|បារាំង}}/{{Transliteration\|km\|barăng}}	{{IPA\|[ɓaːraŋ]}}	noun: 'France' adjective: 'French'	See Khmer phonology
colspan="2" \|Konso{{Cite book \|last=Orkaydo \|first=Ongaye Oda \|title=A Grammar of Konso \|year=2013 \|pages=11}} \|{{lang\|kxc\|bad}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓaɗ]}} \|‘to hide’ \|
colspan="2" \|Kwaza \|{{lang\|xwa\|bura}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓuɾa]}} \|'put [the] hat on!' \|
colspan="2" \|Latundê{{Harvcoltxt\|Telles\|2013\|p=298}} \| colspan="2" align="center" \|{{IPA\|[ˌɓa:ˈnãn]}} \|'(they) are two' \|One of the possible realisations of {{IPA\|/p/}}.
Mayan \|Yucatec \|{{lang\|yua\|balam}} \|[ɓalam] \|'jaguar' \|
colspan="2" \| Mam \| {{lang\|mam\|qanbʼax}} \| {{IPA\|[qamɓaʂ]}} \| 'foot' \|
colspan="2" \| Mono{{Harvcoltxt\|Olson\|2004\|p=233}}	{{lang\|mnh\|‘balœ}}	{{IPA\|[ɓálə́]}}	'at'
Punjabi \| Dialectal \| {{lang\|pa\|ਬੱਕਰੀ}} / {{lang\|pnb\|بکری}} \| {{IPA\|[ˈɓək.krɪ]}} \| 'goat' \|
colspan="2' \| Paumarí{{Harvcoltxt\|Everett\|2003\|p=23}}	{{lang\|pad\|{{`}}bo'da\|italic=yes}}	{{IPA\|[ɓoɗa]}}	'old'
colspan="2" \|Saraiki{{Cite book\|last1=Bashir\|first1=Elena\|author1-link=Elena Bashir\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajrEDwAAQBAJ&q=A+Descriptive+Grammar+of+Hindko,+Punjabi,+and+Saraiki\|title=A Descriptive Grammar of Hindko, Panjabi, and Saraiki\|last2=J. Conners\|first2=Thomas\|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG\|year=2019\|isbn=9781614512257\|volume=4 of Mouton-CASL Grammar Series\|pages=28\|language=en\|chapter=3.3.1.3\|quote=Saraiki has four voiced implosive stops: bilabial /ɓ/, alveolar /ɗ/, palatal /ʄ/, and velar /ɠ/.}} \|{{lang\|skr\|ٻال}} \|{{IPA\|[ɓɑː.l]}} \| rowspan="2" \|'child' \|
colspan="2" \| Sindhi \| {{lang\|sd\|ٻر}} \| {{IPA\|[ɓaˑrʊ]}} \|
colspan="2" \|Serer{{Harvcoltxt\|Mc Laughlin\|2005\|p=203}} \| {{lang\|srr\|ɓood}}/ {{lang\|srr-Arab\|ࢠࣷودْ}} \| {{IPA\|[ɓoːd]}} \| 'to crawl' \| Contrasts {{IPA\|/ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/}}.
colspan="2" \|Southern Nambikwara{{Harvcoltxt\|Netto\|2018\|p=\|pp=105, 106}} \| colspan="2" align="center" \|{{IPA\|[ɓa̰h]}} \|'ask excuse' \|One of the possible realisations of {{IPA\|/p/}}.
colspan="2" \| Shona	{{lang\|sn\|baba}}	{{IPA\|[ɓàːɓá]}}	'father'
colspan="2" \| Tera{{Harvcoltxt\|Tench\|2007\|p=228}}	{{lang\|ttr\|ɓala}}	{{IPA\|[ɓala]}}	'to talk'	Contrasts phonemically with palatalized implosive, {{IPA\|/ɓʲ/}}
colspan="2" \| Tukang Besi	colspan=2 align=center \| {{IPA\|[aɓa]}}	'previous'
colspan="2" \| Vietnamese{{Harvcoltxt\|Thompson\|1959\|pp=458–461}}	{{lang\|vi\|bạn}}	{{IPA\|[ɓan̪˧ˀ˨ʔ]}}	'you'	See Vietnamese phonology
colspan="2" \|Standard Zhuang \|{{lang\|za\|lajmbwn}} \|{{IPA\|[la̋ːɓɯ̌n]}} \|'world' \|
colspan="2" \| Zulu	{{lang\|zu\|ubaba}}	{{IPA\|[úˈɓàːɓá]}}	'my father'

Voiced bilabial implosive

Features

Occurrence

See also

Notes

References

External links