neobatrachia

Separating the Anura into the Archaeo-, Meso- and Neobatrachia is somewhat controversial; as more research is done and more knowledge is gained, it is becoming even less clear, because many characteristics used for this differentiation apply to more than one group.

Neobatrachia are usually sorted into five superfamilies, but this division is also controversial, as some families are placed into different superfamilies by different authors. In addition, several families have been revealed to be paraphyletic and consequently divided to make them correspond to clades and thus be natural, evolutionary groups. This has approximately doubled the number of presently recognized neobatrachian families.

The clades and families currently accepted in the Neobatrachia are:{{Cite journal |last=Feng |first=Yan-Jie |last2=Blackburn |first2=David C. |last3=Liang |first3=Dan |last4=Hillis |first4=David M. |last5=Wake |first5=David B. |last6=Cannatella |first6=David C. |last7=Zhang |first7=Peng |date=2017-07-18 |title=Phylogenomics reveals rapid, simultaneous diversification of three major clades of Gondwanan frogs at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary |url=https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1704632114 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=114 |issue=29 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1704632114 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=5530686 |pmid=28673970}}{{Cite web |title=Amphibian Species of the World |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/ |access-date=2022-08-20 |website=amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org}}

• Superfamily Heleophrynoidea:
• Heleophrynidae – ghost frogs
• Clade Australobatrachia:
• Calyptocephalellidae – Chilean toads
• Superfamily Myobatrachoidea
• Limnodynastidae – Australian ground frogs
• Myobatrachidae – Australian froglets
• Superfamily Hyloidea:
• Allophrynidae – Tukeit hill frogs
• Amphignathodontidae – marsupial frogs (sometimes in Hemiphractidae)
• Alsodidae
• Batrachylidae
• Clade Brachycephaloidea
• Caligophrynidae Fouquet et al, 2023
• Brachycephalidae – saddleback toads
• Ceuthomantidae – emerald-barred frogs
• Craugastoridae Hedges, Duellmann & Heinicke, 2008 (formerly in Brachycephalidae)
• Eleutherodactylidae Lutz, 1954 (formerly in Brachycephalidae)
• Neblinaphrynidae Fouquet et al, 2023
• Strabomantidae Hedges, Duellmann & Heinicke, 2008 (some formerly in Brachycephalidae)
• Bufonidae – true toads
• Centrolenidae – glass frogs
• Ceratophryidae – horned toads
• Cycloramphidae
• Clade Dendrobatoidea
• Aromobatidae – skunk frog (sometimes in Dendrobatidae)
• Dendrobatidae – poison dart frogs
• Hemiphractidae – marsupial frogs
• Hylidae – true tree frogs and relatives
• Hylodidae – giant Neotropical torrent frogs
• Leiuperidae (sometimes in Leptodactylidae)
• Leptodactylidae – southern frogs, tropical frogs
• Odontophrynidae
• Rhinodermatidae – Darwin's frogs
• Telmatobiidae – water frogs
• Superfamily Sooglossoidea:
• Nasikabatrachidae – purple frogs
• Sooglossidae – Seychelles frogs
• Superfamily Ranoidea:
• Microhylidae – narrow-mouthed frogs
• Clade Afrobatrachia:
• Arthroleptidae – squeakers
• Brevicipitidae – rain frogs
• Hemisotidae – shovelnose frogs
• Hyperoliidae – sedge frogs, "bush frogs"
• Clade Natatanura:
• Ceratobatrachidae
• Conrauidae
• Dicroglossidae – fork-tongued frogs
• Micrixalidae – dancing frogs
• Mantellidae – Malagasy frogs
• Nyctibatrachidae – night frogs
• Odontobatrachidae
• Petropedetidae – torrent frogs
• Phrynobatrachidae – puddle frogs
• Ptychadenidae – grassland frogs
• Pyxicephalidae
• Ranidae – true frogs
• Ranixalidae – Indian frogs
• Rhacophoridae – shrub frogs, "bush frogs", "moss frogs"

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{{Commons category}}

• {{cite journal

| last = Gissi

| first = Carmela

| title = Mitochondrial phylogeny of Anura (Amphibia): A case study of congruent phylogenetic reconstruction using amino acid and nucleotide characters

| doi = 10.1016/j.gene.2005.07.034

| journal = Gene

| volume = 366

| pages = 228–237

|date=February 2006 |author2=Diego San Mauro |author3=Graziano Pesole |author4=Rafael Zardoya

| pmid = 16307849

| issue = 2

}}

• {{cite journal

| last = Hoegg

| first = Simone

| title = Phylogeny and comparative substitution rates of frogs inferred from sequences of three nuclear genes

| journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution

| volume = 21

| pages = 1188–1200

|date=July 2004 |author2=Miguel Vences |author3=Henner Brinkmann |author4=Axel Meyer

| doi = 10.1093/molbev/msh081

| pmid = 14963093

| issue = 7

| doi-access = free

}}

• {{cite journal

| last = San Mauro

| first = Diego

| title = Initial diversification of living amphibians predated the breakup of Pangaea

| journal = American Naturalist

| volume = 165

| pages = 590–599

|date=May 2005 |author2=Miguel Vences |author3=Marina Alcobendas |author4=Rafael Zardoya |author5=Axel Meyer

| pmid = 15795855

| issue = 5 | doi=10.1086/429523

| s2cid = 17021360

|url=https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/3880726/39160_170248y.pdf}}

{{Anura}}

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Category:Amphibian suborders

Category:Extant Aptian first appearances