1452

• February – Alexăndrel retakes the throne of Moldavia, in his long struggle with Petru Aron.
• February 22 – William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas is killed by James II of Scotland, at Stirling Castle.
• March 17 – Reconquista – Battle of Los Alporchones (around the city of Lorca in Murcia): The combined forces of the Kingdom of Castile, and its subsidiary kingdom of Murcia, defeat the Emirate of Granada.{{cite book|author=Thomas Devaney|title=Enemies in the Plaza: Urban Spectacle and the End of Spanish Frontier Culture, 1460-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xzbKBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158|date=3 April 2015|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-9134-6|pages=158}}
• March 19 – Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, becomes the last to be crowned in Rome.{{Cite news|url=http://www.onthisday.com/events/date/1452|title=Historical Events in 1452|work=OnThisDay.com|access-date=2017-08-08|language=en}}
• May 31 – Revolt of Ghent: Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, officially declares war on Ghent.
• June 18 – Pope Nicholas V issues the bull Dum Diversas, legitimising the colonial slave trade.
• October
• English troops under John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, land in Guyenne, France, and retake most of the province without a fight.
• Byzantine–Ottoman Wars: The Ottoman governor of Thessaly, Turakhan Beg, breaks through the Hexamilion wall for the fourth time, and ravages the Peloponnese Peninsula to prevent the Byzantine Despotate of the Morea from assisting Constantinople, during the final Ottoman siege of the imperial capital.{{cite book|title=The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), volume II: The Fifteenth Century|last=Setton|first=Kenneth M.|year=1978|publisher=DIANE Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Sz2VYI0l1IC |isbn=0-87169-127-2|page=146}}

• A major volcanic eruption, 1452/1453 mystery eruption, has a subsequent global cooling effect (the eruption releases more sulfate than any other event in the previous 700 years).
• Portuguese navigator Diogo de Teive discovers the islands of Corvo and Flores, in the Azores.
• Battle of Bealach nam Broig, a Scottish clan battle.
• Edinburgh officially becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Scotland.{{cite web|title=Why is Edinburgh the capital of Scotland?|url=https://edinburghtourist.co.uk/questions/why-edinburgh-capital-scotland/|work=Edinburgh Tourist|date=June 20, 2018 |accessdate=2021-07-25}}

File:Santa Joana, Princesa de Portugal.jpg]]

• February 6 – Joanna, Princess of Portugal (d. 1490)
• February 14
• Davide Ghirlandaio, Italian painter and mosaicist (d. 1525){{cite book|author=Ira Moskowitz|title=Great Drawings of All Time: Italian, thirteenth through nineteenth century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C-dOAAAAYAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Kodansha International|isbn=978-0-87011-263-8|page=139}}
• Pandolfo Petrucci, tyrant of Siena (d. 1512)
• March 10 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon, Aragonese king and first king of a united Spain (by marriage to Isabella of Castile) (d. 1516){{cite web |title=Ferdinand II {{!}} Biography & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-II-king-of-Spain |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=30 June 2020 |language=en}}
• April 15 – Leonardo da Vinci, Italian artist and inventor (d. 1519){{cite web |title=Leonardo da Vinci {{!}} Biography, Art, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonardo-da-Vinci |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=3 May 2019 |language=en}}
• April 19 – King Frederick of Naples (d. 1504){{cite book|author=Richard J. Walsh|title=Charles the Bold and Italy (1467-1477): Politics and Personnel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4Wvl-xRpAoC&pg=PA302|year=2005|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-0-85323-838-6|pages=302}}
• May 18 – Henry the Younger of Poděbrady, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1492)
• July 27
• Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. 1508){{cite book|author=Grolier Incorporated|title=Academic American encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmANAQAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Grolier|page=233|isbn=9780717220687 }}
• Lucrezia Crivelli, mistress of Ludovico Sforza (d. 1534) (approximate date)
• August 12 – Abraham Zacuto, Spanish Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian (d. 1515)
• September 21 – Girolamo Savonarola, Italian religious reformer (d. 1498){{cite book|author1=Sandro Botticelli|author2=Musée national du Luxembourg (France)|author3=Palazzo Strozzi (Florence, Italie).|title=Botticelli: From Lorenzo the Magnificent to Savonarola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=usrqAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Skira|isbn=978-88-8491-565-8|page=227}}
• October 2 – King Richard III of England (d. 1485){{cite web |title=Richard III {{!}} Biography & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-III-king-of-England |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=26 June 2020 |language=en}}
• December 6 – Antonio Mancinelli, Italian humanist pedagogue and grammarian (d. 1505)
• December 10 – Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician (d. 1531)
• Date unknown
• Diogo Cão, Portuguese explorer (d. 1486)
• Hugh Oldham, English bishop and patron of education (d. 1519)

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| footer = Švitrigaila and Michał Bolesław Zygmuntowicz (Michael Žygimantaitis) died on February 10, 1452

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File:Conrad IV arrests his brother Conrad VII.jpg]]

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• February 10
• Švitrigaila, Grand Prince of Lithuania
• Michał Bolesław Zygmuntowicz (Michael Žygimantaitis), Prince of Black Ruthenia
• February 14 – Konrad VII the White, Duke of Oleśnica
• February 22 – William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas (b. 1425)
• April 20 – Reinhard III, Count of Hanau (1451–1452) (b. 1412)
• May – John Stafford, Archbishop of Canterbury{{cite book |author1=Fryde, E. B. |author2=Greenway, D. E. |author3=Porter, S. |author4=Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology|edition=Third revised |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1996 |isbn=0-521-56350-X |page=233}}
• October – Nicholas Close, English bishop
• probable – Gemistus Pletho, Greek philosopher

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