1537

• January 1 – Princess Madeleine of Valois, the 16-year-old daughter of François I, King of France, is married to King James V of Scotland in a ceremony at the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris. Already in ill health at the time of the marriage, Madaleine lives only six more months before dying at the Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh on July 7.{{cite book |last=Seward |first=Desmond |author-link=Desmond Seward |title=Prince of the Renaissance: The Golden Life of François I |url=https://archive.org/details/princeofrenaissa00sewa |publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co |location= New York |year=1973 |isbn=9780026097000 |page=194}}
• January 6 – Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence is assassinated by Lorenzino de' Medici, a distant cousin, who claims that he wants to reintroduce republican rule but has to flee to Venice. Instead Cosimo I of the junior branch of the Medici becomes the new duke.
• January 16 – Bigod's Rebellion, an uprising by Roman Catholics, led by Francis Bigod against Henry VIII of England and Protestant Rebellion, begins with an unsuccessful attempt to seize Scarborough Castle in Yorkshire.{{cite ODNB |last=Hicks |first=Michael |year=2004 |title=Bigod, Sir Francis (1507–1537) |id=2375}}
• January 19 – Most of Bigod's forces are captured by the English Army at a dawn raid of their camp at Beverley, Yorkshire, but Bigod escapes to Mulgrave and then to what is then the County of Cumberland.
• January – At the battle of Ollantaytambo, the Inca Emperor Manco Inca Yupanqui defeats the Spanish led by Hernando Pizarro and the Spaniards' Indian allies
• February 10 – Francis Bigod, leader of Bigod's rebellion is captured at Cumberland by the English Army and imprisoned at Carlisle Castle. He is hanged at Tyburn on June 2.
• March 8 – Chipatá, now in the Santander Department of the Republic of Colombia, is founded by the Spanish conquistadors Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada and his brother Hernán Pérez de Quesada as the first settlement in what will become the Spanish colony of Nueva Granada, which will later be divided into the nations of Colombia and Venezuela.
• March 12 – Recife is founded by the Portuguese, in Brazil.{{cite journal |last1=da Silva |first1=Jorge José Araujo |title=O MANGUEZAL E A SOCIEDADE PERNAMBUCANA-BRASI |journal=Revista Geográfica de América Centra |date=2011 |pages=1–22 |url=https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/4517/451744820676.pdf |access-date=23 August 2023|language=pt}}{{cite web |title=Da Cartografia dos Antigos Engenhos à Cartografia Holandesa e Portuguesa |url=https://www.ufmg.br/rededemuseus/crch/simposio/BORBOREMA_ANA_CLAUDIA_B_ET_AL.pdf |website=Brazilian Syposium on Historical Cartography |access-date=23 August 2023|language=pt}}

• April 1 – The Archbishop of Norway, Olav Engelbrektsson, flees from Trondheim to Lier, Belgium.{{cite thesis |last=Ekroll |first=Øystein |date=2015 |title=The Octagonal Shrine Chapel of St Olav at Nidaros Cathedral |url=https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/handle/11250/2372702 |type=PhD |page=35 |publisher=Nσorwegian University of Science and Technology |access-date=23 August 2023|language=en}}{{cite book |last1=Holte |first1=Roar |title=Erkebiskop Olav Engelbrektsson taler sin sak. En analyse av erkebiskopens politiske korrespondanse og utvalgte notater 1523-1533 |date=2014 |publisher=University of Oslo |page=2 |url=https://www.duo.uio.no/handle/10852/40198 |access-date=23 August 2023|language=no}}
• April 18 – Diego de Almagro successfully charges Manco Inca's siege of Cuzco, thereby saving his antagonists, the Pizarro brothers.{{cite book |last=Hemming |first=John |title = The Conquest of the Incas |url = https://archive.org/details/conquestofincas0000hemm_j0r5| year = 1993 |publisher = London: Macmillan|isbn=0-333-10683-0 }}
• April 20 – Spanish conquest of the Muisca: Bacatá, the main settlement of the Muisca Confederation, is conquered by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, effectively ending the Confederation in the Colombian Eastern Andes.{{cite book|author=Kathleen Romoli|title=Colombia: Gateway to South America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JOtrAAAAMAAJ|year=1944|publisher=Doubleday, Doran, Incorporated|page=105}}
• May 17 –
• The siege by Norwegian and Danish Protestants of Steinvikholm Castle in Norway, the former residence of the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Norway, ended after a month when the Catholic defenders surrendered to the Danish commander, Tord Roed.{{{cite book| last=Beek|first=Dag Johan|title=I erkebiskopens tid|publisher=|location=Kristiansand|year=2013|isbn=978-82-999312-0-5|language=Norwegian}}
• The Ottoman Empire invaded southern Italy, attacking the cities of Apulia, Otranto and Brindisi, in a campaign that would last until November 22.{{cite book |last=Turnbull | first=Stephen R. |title=The Ottoman Empire, 1326–1699 | publisher=Osprey Publishing Ltd |year=2003 |page=52 |isbn=978-0-415-96913-0}}
• June 2 – Pope Paul III publishes the encyclical Sublimis Deus, which declares the natives of the New World to be rational beings with souls, who must not be enslaved or robbed.{{cite book |last1=Maxwell |first1=John Francis |title=Slavery and the Catholic Church |date=1975 |publisher=Barry Rose Publishers |location=Chichester |isbn=978-0-85992-015-5 |pages=69–70 |url=https://archive.org/details/slaverycatholicc0000maxw/page/68/mode/2up?q=1537 |access-date=23 August 2023}}{{cite book |last1=Lynch |first1=John |title=New worlds : a religious history of Latin America |date=2012 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |isbn=978-0-300-16680-4 |page=32 |url=https://archive.org/details/newworldsreligio0000lync/page/32/mode/2up?q=1537 |access-date=23 August 2023}}
• June 23 – The Siege of Hamar ends with the arrest of Bishop Mogens Lauritssøn, and the Catholic rebellion is definitively ended in Norway.

• July 12– Rodrigo Orgóñez occupies and sacks the Inca center of Vitcos at the battle of Abancay, but Manco Inca Yupanqui escapes and establishes the independent Neo-Inca State elsewhere in Vilcabamba, Peru.{{cite book |last1=Hemming |first1=John |title=The conquest of the Incas |date=1993 |publisher=Papermac |location=London |isbn=978-0-333-51794-9 |page=224 |url=https://archive.org/details/conquestofincas0000hemm_j0r5/page/224/mode/2up?q=Vilcabamba |access-date=23 August 2023}}
• July 22 – Upon the death of his father, Bhim Singh, Ratan Singh becomes the new ruler of the Kingdom of Amber with a capital at Amber in what is now the Rajasthan state in India{{cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938|publisher=Orient Longman Limited|year=1984|page=33|isbn=81-250-0333-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&pg=PA33}}
• July 23 – The third Ottoman–Venetian War begins as the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent leads an invasion of the Republic of Venice. The war will continue until October 2, 1540.{{cite book|title=The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire|pages=39|author=Aksin Somel, Selcuk|isbn=9780810875791|date=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBoyoNNKh78C|access-date=1 September 2021}}
• August 2 – The battle of Montemurlo, an attempt by residents of the former Republic of Florence to overthrow Cosimo I de' Medici, Duke of Florence and restore the republican government, ends in failure. The Medici family then takes revenge on the supporters of the Republic, including the Republic commander, General Piero Strozzi.
• August 12 – The coronation of Christian III as King of Denmark and King of Norway takes place at Copenhagen.[http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/The-Royal-Lineage The Royal Lineage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150314224944/http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/The-Royal-Lineage |date=2015-03-14 }}
• August 15 – The city of Asunción, now the capital of the South American nation of Paraguay, is founded by Juan de Salazar de Espinosa.{{cite book |last1=Schuster |first1=Adolph N. |title=Paraguay. Land, Volk, Geschichte, Wirtschaftsleben und Kolonisation |date=1929 |publisher=Strecker u. Schröder |page=151 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6LVAAAAMAAJ&q=%2215%20august%201537%22 |access-date=23 August 2023 |language=de}}
• August 25 – The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, is formed.
• August 26–The siege of the island of Corfu is started by the Ottoman Empire Navy, commanded by Suleiman the Magnificent.{{cite book |last=Garnier |first=Edith |title=L'Alliance Impie |date=2008 |publisher=Editions du Felin |isbn=978-2-86645-678-8 |page=135 |language=fr}} Suleiman abandons the siege in September after an outbreak of plague, and the Ottoman troops return home.{{cite book |last1=Setton |first1=Kenneth Meyer |title=The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571 |date=1976 |publisher=American Philosophical Society |isbn=978-0-87169-161-3 |pages=431–432 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EgQNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA431 |access-date=23 August 2023 |language=en}}{{cite book |last1=Cheetham |first1=Nicolas |title=Mediaeval Greece |date=1 January 1981 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-10539-1 |page=253 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=htxy53T7QLkC&q=1537 |access-date=23 August 2023 |language=en}}
• September 2 – King Christian III of Denmark and Norway appoints Gjeble Pederssøn as Norway's first Lutheran bishop for the Church of Norway.{{cite encyclopedia|title=Gjeble Pederssøn |encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon |editor-last=Godal | editor-first=Anne Marit | editor-link=Anne Marit Godal |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=http://www.snl.no/Gjeble_Pederssøn|language=no|access-date=26 July 2018}}
• September 12 – King Carlos I of Spain (who is also the Holy Roman Emperor) issues a royal decree providing for the first election in the New World, allowing he citizens of the Province of Rio de la Plata (now Paraguay) to elect a replacement for the late Captain-General Pedro de Mendoza.{{cite book|last=Rivarola|first= Juan Bautista |year=1952|title=La Ciudad de Asunción y la Cédula Real del 12 Setiembre de 1537: Una Lucha por la Libertad|trans-title=The City of Asunción and the Royal Decree of 12 September 1537: A Fight for Freedom|publisher= A. G., Impr. Militar|location= Asunción, Paraguay|oclc= 10830133|language=es}} Domingo Martínez de Irala is elected the new Captain-General in 1538.{{cite journal|author=Abente, Diego |year=1989|title=The Liberal Republic and the Failure of Democracy|journal=The Americas|volume=45|issue=4|pages =525–546 (525–526)|doi=10.2307/1007311|jstor=1007311}}

• October 15 – Following the baptism of her son, the future Edward VI of England, Jane Seymour begins suffering from puerperal fever. The Queen consort dies nine days later.{{cite book|author1=Carole Levin|author2=Anna Riehl Bertolet|author3=Jo Eldridge Carney|title=A Biographical Encyclopedia of Early Modern Englishwomen: Exemplary Lives and Memorable Acts, 1500-1650|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kDglDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA280|date=3 November 2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-315-44071-2|pages=280}}

File:Silver coin of Kashmir Sultanate.jpg Shams al-Din Shah II, 1537-38]]

• November 1 – In what is now the Central American nation of Honduras, the Spanish conquistadore Alonso de Cáceres arrives at the Peñol de Cerquín, the mountaintop fortress of King Lempira of the Lencas, the indigenous leader of the resistance against European rule. Cáceres sends envoys to request Lempira to surrender. In response, Lempira has the Spanish messengers executed.Robert S. Chamberlain, The Conquest and Colonization of Honduras: 1502–1550(Octagon Books, 1953) p.53 {{OCLC|640057454}}
• November 27 – Alfonso d'Avalos, the Marquis of Vasto in Italy, enters into a three-month truce with the French Duke of Montmorency to negotiate a peace for which areas would be under French control.Christine Shaw, (2019).The Italian Wars 1494-1559: War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe (Routledge, 2019) p.222
• December 9 – Petar Keglević takes office as the new Ottoman Governor of Croatia and of Slavonia.[https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/keglevic-petar-hrvatsko-slavonsko-dalmatinski-ban Hrvatska enciklopedija- Keglević, Petar]
• December 28 – The Ordonnance de Montpellier, establishing the first system in Europe for all writers to submit copies of their printed work to the government for review and maintenance in a library, is signed into law by King François I of France. The law provides that a book cannot be legally sold until a copy has been deposited in the royal library.{{cite book| last=Larivière| first=Jules| year= 2000| title=Guidelines for Legal Deposit Legislation| publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| location=Paris| url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001214/121413Eo.pdf |chapter=History of Legal Deposit}}{{cite web|url=http://billets.domec.net/tag/François%20Ier |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150917190044/http://billets.domec.net/tag/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ier |archivedate=2015-09-17|title=Texte intégral de l'ordonnance de Montpellier |language=fr}}

• Spanish counquistadors in what are now Peru and Colombia become the first Europeans to discover the potato, one of the staple foods for the indigenous residents, while exploring the houses of who have fled from their homes. Pedro Cieza de León, part of the expedition to Colombia, mentions the potato in a book that he publishes 16 years laterCarolyn A. Nadeau, Food Matters: Alonso Quijano's Diet and the Discourse of Food in Early Modern Spain (University of Toronto Press, 2015) p.95 while Don Juan Castellanos refers to the edible plant as part of a military report on raiding an Inca village in Peru.Redcliffe N. Salaman, The History and Social Influence of the Potato (Cambridge University Press, 1949, reprinted 1985) p.36 The potato is introduced to Europe more than 30 years later, in 1570.Barry Walker and Huw Lloyd, with Gerald Cheshire, Peruvian Wildlife: A Visitor's Guide to the Central Andes (Bradt Travel Guides, 2007) p.34
• Kashmiri sultan Muhammad Shah dies and he is succeeded by Shams al-Din Shah II as sultan of Kashmiri Shah Mir Sultanate in 1537.
• Kiritimati (Acea or "Christmas Island") is probably sighted by the Spanish mutineers from Hernando de Grijalva's expedition.{{cite journal |last1=Maude |first1=H. E. |last2=Heyen |first2=G. H. |title=Spanish Discoveries in the Central Pacific: A Study in Identification |journal=The Journal of the Polynesian Society |date=1959 |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=284–326 |jstor=20703766 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20703766 |access-date=23 August 2023 |issn=0032-4000}}
• The Indian city of Bangalore is first mentioned in print. .{{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=William Wilson |title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India |date=1885 |publisher=Trübner & Company |page=68 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uI4bAQAAIAAJ&dq=Bangalore+first+mentioned+%221537%22&pg=PA68 |access-date=23 August 2023 |language=en}}
• The dissolution of the monasteries takes place in Norway, as religious organizations are dissolved by King Christian III; these include Bakke Abbey, Munkeby Abbey, Tautra Abbey, Nidarholm Abbey, Gimsøy Abbey and Utstein Abbey.
• Publication is made of two complete Bible translations into English, both based on Tyndale's. Myles Coverdale's 1535 text is the first to be printed in England (by James Nicholson in Southwark, London){{cite book |last1=Simpson |first1=William Sparrow |title=S. Paul's Cathedral Library: A Catalogue of Bibles, Rituals, and Rare Books |date=1893 |publisher=E. Stock |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Enc_AAAAIAAJ&dq=James+Nicholson+in+Southwark+Myles+Coverdale+1535+%221537%22&pg=PA7 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=en}} The Matthew Bible, edited by John Rogers under the pseudonym "Thomas Matthew" and printed in Antwerp.

• Dissolution of the monasteries in England: Religious organizations dissolved by Henry VIII of England include: Bisham Priory,{{cite web |title=Houses of Austin canons: The priory of Bisham |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol2/pp82-85 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |access-date=24 August 2023}} Castle Acre Priory,{{cite web |title=Houses of Cluniac monks: The priory of Castle Acre |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/norf/vol2/pp356-358 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |access-date=24 August 2023}} Chertsey Abbey,{{cite web |title=House of Benedictine monks: Abbey of Chertsey |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/surrey/vol2/pp55-64 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |access-date=24 August 2023}} Furness Abbey,{{cite book |title=The Coucher Book of Furness Abbey |date=1888 |publisher=Chetham Society |location=Manchester |page=lviii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WQE4OCWcJAcC&dq=Furness+Abbey+%221537%22&pg=PA534 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=la}} London Charterhouse{{cite book |last1=Taylor |first1=William Frederick |title=The Charterhouse of London: Monastery, Palace, and Thomas Sutton's Foundation |date=1912 |publisher=J.M. Dent & sons, Limited |page=159 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6lt0AAAAMAAJ&q=%221537%22 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Religious Houses: House of Carthusian monks |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol1/pp159-169 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |access-date=24 August 2023}} and Valle Crucis Abbey.

File:Willem iv van den bergh.jpg]]

• January 16 – Albrecht VII, Count of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (d. 1605){{cite book |last1=Apfelstedt |first1=Heinrich Friedrich Theodor |title=Das Haus Kevernburg-Schwarzburg von seinem Ursprunge bis auf unsere Zeit |date=1890 |publisher=Bertram |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qs904sgJitcC&dq=Albrecht+VII+%2216+januar+1537%22&pg=PA16 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=de}}
• January 21 – Antonio Maria Salviati, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1602){{cite web |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 12, 1583 |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1583.htm#Salviati |website=cardinals.fiu.edu |access-date=24 August 2023}}
• February 26 – Christopher II, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (d. 1575){{cite book |last1=Weech |first1=Friedrich von |title=Badische Geschichte |date=1896 |publisher=A. Bielefeld |page=139 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DtpCAQAAMAAJ&dq=Christoph+II+%2226+februar+1537%22&pg=PA139 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=de}}
• March 4 or January 23 – Longqing Emperor, Emperor of China (d. 1572){{cite web |title=隆庆皇帝 |url=https://www.dpm.org.cn/court/lineage/226264 |website=故宫博物院 |access-date=24 August 2023 |last1=Com |first1=www. Fractal-Technology }}
• May 18 – Guido Luca Ferrero, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1585){{cite web |title=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of March 12, 1565 |url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1565.htm#Ferrero |website=cardinals.fiu.edu |access-date=24 August 2023}}
• May 20 – Hieronymus Fabricius, Italian anatomist (d. 1619){{cite book |last1=Amjad |first1=Basith |title=Clinical Embryology: An Atlas of Congenital Malformations |date=2019 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-319-26158-4 |pages=1–9 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-26158-4_1 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=en |chapter=A Brief History of Embryology: Historical Vignettes in Embryology|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-26158-4_1 |s2cid=166717409 }}
• May 27 – Louis IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Marburg, son of Landgrave Philip I (d. 1604){{cite book |last1=Rehm |first1=Friedrich |title=Handbuch der geschichte beider Hessen |date=1842 |publisher=N.G. Elwert |page=114 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e_c2AAAAYAAJ&dq=Ludwig+IV+%2227+mai+1537%22&pg=RA3-PA114 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=de}}
• May 31 – Shah Ismail II of Persia (d. 1577){{cite web |title=ESMĀʿIL II |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/esmail-02 |website=iranicaonline.org |access-date=24 August 2023}}{{cite journal |last1=Nəcəfli̇ |first1=Tofiq |title=Kahkaha Kalesi'nin 20 Yıllık Mahpusu: İsmail Mirza Safevi |journal=Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi |date=5 July 2019 |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=495–518 |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/atdd/issue/46797/587121 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=tr |issn=2148-2292}}
• June 3 – João Manuel, Prince of Portugal, Portuguese prince (d. 1554){{cite book |last1=Almeida |first1=Fortunato de |title=História de Portugal |date=1923 |page=371 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7o06AQAAIAAJ&dq=Jo%C3%A3o+Manuel+%223+de+junho+de+1537%22&pg=PA371 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=pt-BR}}{{cite book |last1=Aragão |first1=Augusto Carlos Teixeira de |title=Descripção geral e histórica das moedas cunhadas em nome dos reis, regentes e governadores de Portugal, por A.C. Teixeira de Aragão |date=1875 |publisher=Impr. nacional |page=260 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lIVm4X2xngC&dq=Jo%C3%A3o+Manuel+%223+de+junho+de+1537%22&pg=PA260 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=pt-BR}}
• July 20 – Arnaud d'Ossat, French diplomat and writer (d. 1604){{cite book |last1=Degert |first1=Antoine |title=Le cardinal d'Ossat, évêque de Rennes et de Bayeux (1537-1604); sa vie, ses négociations à Rome. Thèse, Bordeaux |date=1894 |publisher=V. Lecoffre |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1rVCAAAAYAAJ&dq=Arnaud+d%27Ossat+%2220+juillet+1537%22&pg=PA3 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=fr}}
• July 29 – Pedro Téllez-Girón, 1st Duke of Osuna, Spanish duke (d. 1590)
• July 30 – Christopher, Duke of Mecklenburg and administrator of Ratzeburg (d. 1592)
• August 9 – Francesco Barozzi, Italian mathematician (d. 1604){{cite book |title=Nuovi saggi della Imperiale regia Accademia di scienze, lettere ed arti in Padova |date=1883 |publisher=Tip G.B. Randi |location=Padova |page=57 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BkOopbgtIecC&dq=Francesco+Barozzi+%229+agosto+1537%22&pg=PA57 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• August 15 – Shimazu Toshihisa, Japanese samurai (d. 1592)
• October – Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the throne of England (d. 1554){{cite book|author=David Mathew|title=Lady Jane Grey: the Setting of the Reign|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6VRnAAAAMAAJ|year=1972|publisher=Eyre Methuen Limited|isbn=978-0-413-27980-4|page=34}}{{cite web |title=BBC - History - Historic Figures: Lady Jane Grey (1537 - 1554) |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/grey_lady_jane.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=22 March 2019}}
• October 12 – King Edward VI of England (d. 1553)
• November 21 – Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba, Spanish military leader (d. 1583){{cite book |title=Memorial histórico español: colección de documentos, opúsculos y antigüedades que publica la Real Academia de la Historia |date=1948 |publisher=la Real Academia de la historia |page=217 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MLXNAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%2221%20de%20noviembre%20de%201537%22 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=es}}
• December 5 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shōgun (d. 1597)
• December 20 – King John III of Sweden (d. 1592){{cite book|title=Encyclopedia Americana: Jefferson to Latin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_cWAQAAMAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Scholastic Library Pub.|isbn=978-0-7172-0139-6|page=114}}
• December 24 – Willem IV van den Bergh, Stadtholder of Guelders and Zutphen (d. 1586){{cite book |title=Biografisch woordenboek Gelderland: bekende en onbekende mannen en vrouwen uit de Gelderse geschiedenis |date=1998 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=978-90-6550-800-3 |page=32 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bxm9ZKT1xsEC&dq=Willem+IV+van+den+Bergh+%2224+december+1537%22&pg=PA32 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=nl}}
• December 26 – Albert, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1593){{cite book |last1=KELLER |first1=E. F. |title=Geschichte Nassau's von der Reformation bis zum Anfang des 30jährigen Krieges |date=1864 |publisher=Limbarth |page=299 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZuPPWTSv8V4C&dq=Albrecht+%2226+dezember+1537%22&pg=PA299 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=de}}
• date unknown
• Jane Lumley, English translator (d. 1578){{cite book |last1=Loughlin |first1=Marie |last2=Bell |first2=Sandra |last3=Brace |first3=Patricia |title=The Broadview Anthology of Sixteenth-Century Poetry and Prose |date=24 October 2011 |publisher=Broadview Press |isbn=978-1-55111-162-9 |page=180 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nQFbDwAAQBAJ&dq=Jane+Lumley+%221537%22&pg=PA180 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=en}}
• Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military commander (d. 1582){{cite book |title=日本重要人物辞典 |date=1988 |publisher=教育社 |isbn=978-4-315-50772-0 |page=376 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xmQyAQAAIAAJ&q=%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E5%AE%97%E6%B2%BB%E3%80%8C1537%E3%80%8D |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=ja}}
• John Almond, English Cistercian monk (d. 1585)
• Jan Krzysztof Tarnowski, Polish noble (d. 1567){{cite book |last1=Żychliński |first1=Teodor |title=Złota księga szlachty polskiéj |date=1884 |publisher=Heroldium |page=337 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VrsWAQAAIAAJ&dq=Jan+Krzysztof+Tarnowski+%E2%80%9E1537%E2%80%9D&pg=PA337 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=pl}}
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese warlord (d. 1598){{cite book |last1=Berry |first1=Mary Elizabeth |title=Hideyoshi |date=1989 |publisher=Harvard Univ Asia Center |isbn=978-0-674-39026-3 |page=244 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTbDphPKmoC&q=1537&pg=PA8 |access-date=24 August 2023 |language=en}}

File:Saint Gerolamo Emiliani (Morleiter, 1767) - Santa Maria della Salute - Venice 2016 (2).jpg]]

File:Buenos Aires - San Telmo - Parque Lezama - 20071215c.jpg]]

• January 6
• Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence (b. 1510){{cite book |last1=Sismondi |first1=Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde de |title=Storia del risorgimento, de'progressi, del decadimento e della rovina della libertà in Italia |date=1847 |publisher=Ruggia |page=440 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kQSO8Qa7UeAC&dq=Alessandro+de%27+Medici+%226+gennaio+1537%22&pg=PA440 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• Baldassare Peruzzi, Italian architect and painter (b. 1481){{cite book |title=Album di storia patria bozzetti repubblicani senesi |date=1875 |publisher=Mucci |page=529 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ccDhB6mSIF0C&dq=Baldassare+Peruzzi+%226+gennaio+1537%22&pg=PA529 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• January 12 – Lorenzo di Credi, Florentine painter and sculptor (b. 1459){{cite book |last1=Venturi |first1=Adolfo |title=Storia dell'arte italiana |date=1911 |publisher=U. Hoepli |page=817 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5gnAAAAMAAJ&dq=Lorenzo+di+Credi+%2212+gennaio+1537%22&pg=PA817 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• February 2 – Johann Carion, German astrologer and chronicler (b. 1499){{cite book |last1=Lotito |first1=Mark A. |title=The Reformation of Historical Thought |date=22 August 2019 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-34795-3 |pages=84–141 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/9789004347953/BP000003.xml |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=en |chapter=Johann Carion of Bietigheim: The Berlin Court Astronomer}}
• February 3 – Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare, Anglo-Irish noble, rebel (executed) (b. 1513){{cite book |last1=McCorristine |first1=Laurence |title=The Revolt of Silken Thomas: A Challenge to Henry VIII |date=1987 |publisher=Wolfhound |isbn=978-0-86327-120-5 |page=130 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=96xnAAAAMAAJ&q=%223%20february%201537%22 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=en}}
• February 8
• Otto von Pack, German conspirator (b. c. 1480){{cite book |title=Reformationsgeschichtliche Studien und Texte |date=1914 |publisher=Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung |page=220 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNw-AQAAMAAJ&dq=Otto+von+Pack+%228+februar+1537%22&pg=RA1-PA220 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=de}}
• Saint Gerolamo Emiliani, Italian humanitarian (b. 1481){{cite book |last1=SALA |first1=Antonio |title=Biografia di San Carlo Borromeo |date=1858 |publisher=Liberia Arcivescovile |location=Milan |page=405 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X_nJv9EgLncC&dq=Gerolamo+Emiliani+%228+febbraio+1537%22&pg=RA1-PA405 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• January 11 – John, Hereditary Prince of Saxony, German prince (b. 1498){{cite book |last1=Köstlin |first1=Julius |title=Martin Luther: Sein Leben und Seine Schriften |date=1883 |publisher=R.L. Friderichs |page=423 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cp5CAAAAIAAJ&dq=johann+%2211+januar+1537%22&pg=RA2-PA423 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=de}}
• March 25 – Charles, Duke of Vendôme, French noble (b. 1489){{cite book |last1=Jacott |first1=J. |title=Atlas historique français |date=1848 |publisher=Dantier |page=105 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6rEFAAAAQAAJ&dq=Charles+IV+de+Bourbon+%2225+mars+1537%22&pg=PA105 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=fr}}
• March 28 – Francesco of Saluzzo, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. 1498){{cite book |title=Statistica della provincia di Saluzzo: 2 |date=1835 |publisher=D. Lobetti-Bodoni |location=Saluzzo |page=410 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vd31KbSqCJIC&dq=Francesco+di+Saluzzo+%2228+marzo+1537%22&pg=PA410 |access-date=25 August 2023 |language=it}}
• May 10 – Andrzej Krzycki, Polish archbishop (b. 1482){{cite book |last1=Barszcz |first1=Leszek |title=Andrzej Krzycki: poeta, dyplomata, prymas |date=2005 |publisher=Officina TUM |page=190 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tr4XAQAAIAAJ&q=%2210%20maja%201537%22 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=pl}}
• May 24 – Sophie of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, German princess (b. 1485){{cite book |last1=Seidel |first1=Paul |title=Hohenzollern-jahrbuch |date=1911 |publisher=Giesecke and Devrient. |page=262 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v9UxAQAAMAAJ&dq=Sophie+von+Brandenburg+%2224+mai+1537%22&pg=RA2-PA262 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=de}}
• June 2
• Francis Bigod, English noble, rebel (b. 1507){{cite book |last1=Dodds |first1=Madeleine Hope |last2=Dodds |first2=Ruth |title=The Pilgrimage of Grace, 1536-1537, and the Exeter Conspiracy, 1538 |date=1915 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=216 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gb8gAAAAMAAJ&dq=Francis+Bigod+%222+june+1537%22&pg=PA216 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}
• Thomas Percy, English rebel (b 1504)
• Adam Sedbar, English abbot and rebel (b. 1502)
• June 23 – Pedro de Mendoza, Spanish conquistador (b. 1487){{cite book |last1=Hernández |first1=Isabel |title=Los indios de Argentina |date=1992 |publisher=Editorial Abya Yala |page=139 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQq7QgqX1DYC&dq=Pedro+de+Mendoza+%2223+de+junio+de+1537%22&pg=PA139 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=es}}
• June 29 – Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, English noble (b. 1502){{cite book |last1=Simpson |first1=Richard Simpson |title=Some Notices of the Life of Henry, Lord Percy, Sixth Earl of Northumberland, and of the Parish Church of St. Augustine, Afterwards St. John at Hackney |date=1879 |publisher=Billing and Sons |location=Surrey |page=69 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-J4HAAAAQAAJ&dq=Henry+Percy+%2229+june+1537%22&pg=PA69 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}
• July 7 – Madeleine of Valois, queen of James V of Scotland (b. 1520){{cite book|author=Anne Commire|title=Women in World History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RT0OAQAAMAAJ|date=12 December 2000|publisher=Gale|isbn=978-0-7876-4069-9|page=292}}
• July 12 – Robert Aske, English lawyer, rebel (executed) (b. 1500){{cite book |last1=Palliser |first1=David Michael |title=Tudor York |date=1979 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-821878-4 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfzVuzSRk10C&dq=Robert+Aske+%2212+july+1537%22&pg=PA50 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}
• September 4 – Johann Dietenberger, German theologian (b. c. 1475){{cite book |title=Erläuterungen und ergänzungen zu Janssens Geschichte des deutschen volkes |date=1905 |publisher=Herder |page=186 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uatDAAAAYAAJ&dq=Johann+Dietenberger+%224+september+1537%22&pg=PA186 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=de}}
• September 7 – Nikolaus von Schönberg, German Catholic cardinal (b. 1472){{cite book |last1=Thumser |first1=Matthias |title=Schriftkultur und Landesgeschichte: Studien zum südlichen Ostseeraum vom 12. bis zum 16. Jahrhundert |date=1997 |publisher=Böhlau |isbn=978-3-412-05697-1 |page=225 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPVnAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%227%20september%201537%22 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=de}}
• September 20 – Pavle Bakić, last Serb Despot and medieval Serb monarch{{cite book |title=Istorija srpskog naroda: pt. 1-2. Srbi pod tudinskom vlashdu 1537-1699 |date=1981 |publisher=Srpska knjiiževna zadruga |page=153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnNpAAAAMAAJ&q=%2220.%20%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%201537%22 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=sr}}
• September 25 – William Framyngham, English author{{acad|id=FRMN530W|name=Framingham, William}}
• October 24 – Jane Seymour, 3rd queen consort of Henry VIII of England (complications of childbirth) (b. c. 1508)
• October 29 – Elizabeth Lucar, English calligrapher (b. 1510){{cite book |title=The Publications of the Harleian Society |date=1984 |publisher=Harleian Society |isbn=978-0-9500207-5-4 |page=290 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Xc0SkVQAycC&q=%20%2229%20october%201537%22 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}
• December 10 or December 11 – Andrey of Staritsa, son of Ivan III of Russia the Great (b. 1490){{cite book |last1=Payne |first1=Robert |last2=Romanoff |first2=Nikita |title=Ivan the Terrible |date=2002 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-8154-1229-8 |page=435 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x_qvZqDrqjMC&q=1537 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}{{cite book |last1=Бусева-Давыдова |first1=И. Л. |title=Храмы Московского Кремля: святыни и древности |date=1997 |publisher=МАИК "Наука" |isbn=978-5-7846-0004-2 |page=271 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SKYnAAAAMAAJ&q=%2211%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F%201537%22 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=ru}}
• date unknown – John Kite, Archbishop of Armagh and Bishop of Carlisle{{cite book |last1=Eley |first1=C. King |title=The Cathedral Church of Carlisle: A Description of Its Fabric and a Brief History of the Episcopal See |date=1900 |publisher=G. Bell |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OhFNAAAAMAAJ&dq=John+Kite+%221537%22&pg=PA80 |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}
• probable – Thomas Murner, German satirist (b. 1475){{cite journal |last1=Suppan |first1=W. |title=Schriften Thomas Murners (1475-1537) als volksmusikalische Quelle |journal=Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae |date=1971 |volume=13 |issue=1/4 |pages=265–273 |doi=10.2307/901761 |jstor=901761 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/901761 |access-date=26 August 2023 |issn=0039-3266|url-access=subscription }}

{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1537}}