Login
Login

2008 Spanish general election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 2008 Spanish general election

| country = Spain

| type = parliamentary

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 2004 Spanish general election

| previous_year = 2004

| next_election = 2011 Spanish general election

| next_year = 2011

| outgoing_members =

| elected_members = Members of the 9th Cortes Generales

| seats_for_election = All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies and 208 (of 264) seats in the Senate
176 seats needed for a majority in the Congress of Deputies

| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 2008 Spanish general election

| registered = 35,073,179 File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg1.5%

| turnout = 25,900,439 (73.8%)
File:Red Arrow Down.svg1.9 pp

| election_date = 9 March 2008

| image1 = 170x170px

| leader1 = José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

| party1 = Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

| leader_since1 = 22 July 2000

| leaders_seat1 = Madrid

| last_election1 = 164 seats, 42.6%

| seats1 = 169

| seat_change1 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg5

| popular_vote1 = 11,289,335

| percentage1 = 43.9%

| swing1 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg1.3 pp

| image2 = 170x170px

| leader2 = Mariano Rajoy

| party2 = People's Party (Spain)

| leader_since2 = 2 September 2003

| leaders_seat2 = Madrid

| last_election2 = 148 seats, 37.7%

| seats2 = 154

| seat_change2 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg6

| popular_vote2 = 10,278,010

| percentage2 = 39.9%

| swing2 = File:Green Arrow Up Darker.svg2.2 pp

| image3 = 170x170px

| leader3 = Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida

| party3 = Convergence and Union

| leader_since3 = 24 January 2004

| leaders_seat3 = Barcelona

| last_election3 = 10 seats, 3.2%

| seats3 = 10

| seat_change3 = File:Arrow Blue Right 001.svg0

| popular_vote3 = 779,425

| percentage3 = 3.0%

| swing3 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg0.2 pp

| image4 = 170x170px

| leader4 = Josu Erkoreka

| party4 = Basque Nationalist Party

| leader_since4 = 2004

| leaders_seat4 = Biscay

| last_election4 = 7 seats, 1.6%

| seats4 = 6

| seat_change4 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg1

| popular_vote4 = 306,128

| percentage4 = 1.2%

| swing4 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg0.4 pp

| image5 = 170x170px

| leader5 = Joan Ridao

| party5 = ERC

| colour5 = FFB232

| leader_since5 = 2007

| leaders_seat5 = Barcelona

| last_election5 = 8 seats, 2.5%

| seats5 = 3

| seat_change5 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg5

| popular_vote5 = 298,139

| percentage5 = 1.2%

| swing5 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg1.3 pp

| image6 = 170x170px

| leader6 = Gaspar Llamazares

| party6 = United Left (Spain)

| leader_since6 = 29 October 2000

| leaders_seat6 = Madrid

| last_election6 = 5 seats, 5.0%

| seats6 = 2

| seat_change6 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg3

| popular_vote6 = 969,946

| percentage6 = 3.8%

| swing6 = File:Red Arrow Down.svg1.2 pp

| map = {{Switcher

| File:2008 Spanish election - Results.svg

| Vote winner strength by constituency (Congress)

| File:2008 Spanish election - AC results.svg

| Vote winner strength by autonomous community (Congress)

| File:2008 Spanish general election map.svg

| Election results by constituency (Congress)

}}

| title = Prime Minister

| posttitle = Prime Minister after election

| before_election = José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

| before_party = Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

| after_election = José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

| after_party = Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

}}

A general election was held in Spain on Sunday, 9 March 2008, to elect the members of the 9th {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}}. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 264 seats in the Senate.

After four years of growing bipolarisation of Spanish politics, the election saw a record result for both ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and opposition People's Party (PP), together obtaining more than 83% of the vote share—over 21 million votes—and 92% of the Congress seats. The PSOE under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero benefitted from tactical voting against the PP and emerged as the most-voted party just 7 seats short of an overall majority. On the other hand, Mariano Rajoy's PP saw an increase in its vote share and seat count but remained unable to overtake the Socialists.

United Left (IU) had its worst general election performance ever with less than 4% and 2 seats. Regional nationalist parties Convergence and Union (CiU), Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) or Aragonese Union (CHA) were also hurt by the massive tactical voting towards the PSOE, falling to historical lows of popular support. Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD), with 1 seat and slightly more than 300,000 votes, became the first nationwide party aside from PSOE, PP and IU entering in parliament in over two decades.

Zapatero was sworn in as Prime Minister of Spain for a second term in office in April 2008, just as the Spanish economy began showing signs of fatigue and economic slowdown after a decade of growth.

Overview

=Electoral system=

The Spanish {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} were envisaged as an imperfect bicameral system. The Congress of Deputies had greater legislative power than the Senate, having the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a prime minister and to override Senate vetoes by an absolute majority of votes. Nonetheless, the Senate possessed a few exclusive (yet limited in number) functions—such as its role in constitutional amendment—which were not subject to the Congress' override.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 66}}.{{cite web |url=https://app.congreso.es/consti/constitucion/indice/sinopsis/sinopsis.jsp?art=66&tipo=2 |title=Sinopsis artículo 66 |language=es |publisher=Congress of Deputies |access-date=12 September 2020 |postscript=,}} summarizing {{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 66}}. Voting for the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. I, art. 2}}.{{sfn|Carreras de Odriozola|Tafunell Sambola|2005|p=1077}}

For the Congress of Deputies, 348 seats were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Spain, with each being allocated an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla were allocated the two remaining seats, which were elected using plurality voting.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 68}}.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. II, ch. III, art. 162–164}}. The use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Michael |date=30 July 2012 |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php |title=Effective threshold in electoral systems |publisher=Trinity College, Dublin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730092518/http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php |access-date=22 July 2017 |archive-date=30 July 2017}}

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled the following seats:{{cite journal |journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado |issue=13 |date=15 January 2008 |pages=2607–2608 |issn=0212-033X |title=Real Decreto 33/2008, de 14 de enero, de disolución del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado y de convocatoria de elecciones |url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2008/01/15/pdfs/A02607-02608.pdf |language=es}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
width="50"| Seats

! width="600"| Constituencies

align="center"| 35

| Madrid

align="center"| 31

| Barcelona

align="center"| 16

| Valencia

align="center"| 12

| Alicante{{font color|green|(+1)}}, Seville

align="center"| 10

| Málaga, Murcia{{font color|green|(+1)}}

align="center"| 9

| Cádiz

align="center"| 8

| A Coruña{{font color|red|(–1)}}, Asturias, Balearic Islands, Biscay{{font color|red|(–1)}}, Las Palmas

align="center"| 7

| Granada, Pontevedra, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Zaragoza

align="center"| 6

| Almería{{font color|green|(+1)}}, Badajoz, Córdoba{{font color|red|(–1)}}, Girona, Guipúzcoa, Jaén, Tarragona, Toledo{{font color|green|(+1)}}

align="center"| 5

| Cantabria, Castellón, Ciudad Real, Huelva, León, Navarre, Valladolid

align="center"| 4

| Álava, Albacete, Burgos, Cáceres, La Rioja, Lleida, Lugo, Ourense, Salamanca

align="center"| 3

| Ávila, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Huesca, Palencia, Segovia, Teruel, Zamora

align="center"| 2

| Soria{{font color|red|(–1)}}

For the Senate, 208 seats were elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors could vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces was allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts were the islands themselves, with the larger—Majorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera, El Hierro, Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elected two seats each. Additionally, autonomous communities could appoint at least one senator each and were entitled to one additional senator per each million inhabitants.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 69}}.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166}}.

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacated seats; instead, any vacancies that occurred after the proclamation of candidates and into the legislature's term were to be covered by the successive candidates in the list and, when needed, by the designated substitutes, of which the list could include up to ten.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. VI, art. 46 & 48}}.

=Election date=

The term of each chamber of the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}}—the Congress and the Senate—expired four years from the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official State Gazette (BOE), with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. V, art. 42}}. The previous election was held on 14 March 2004, which meant that the legislature's term would expire on 14 March 2008. The election decree was required to be published in the BOE no later than 19 February 2008, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} on Sunday, 13 April 2008.

The prime minister had the prerogative to propose the monarch to dissolve both chambers at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process, no state of emergency was in force and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since the previous one.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. IV, art. 115–116}}. Additionally, both chambers were to be dissolved and a new election called if an investiture process failed to elect a prime minister within a two-month period from the first ballot.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. IV, art. 99}}. Barred this exception, there was no constitutional requirement for simultaneous elections to the Congress and the Senate. Still, as of {{Currentyear}}, there has been no precedent of separate elections taking place under the 1978 Constitution.

In November 2007, it was announced by Andalusian president Manuel Chaves that he had agreed with Zapatero to hold the regional election in Andalusia simultaneously with the 2008 Spanish general election in March.{{cite news |date=1 November 2007 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2007/11/01/andalucia/1193872928_850215.html |title=Chaves pacta con Zapatero celebrar elecciones conjuntas el 9 de marzo |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=28 January 2019}}{{cite news |date=15 January 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/01/15/espana/1200351607_850215.html |title=Zapatero convoca las elecciones y promete más políticas sociales |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=28 January 2019}}

The {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} were officially dissolved on 15 January 2008 after the publication of the dissolution decree in the BOE, setting the election date for 9 March and scheduling for both chambers to reconvene on 1 April.

Parliamentary composition

The tables below show the composition of the parliamentary groups in both chambers at the time of dissolution.{{cite web |url=https://www.historiaelectoral.com/grups.html |title=Grupos Parlamentarios en el Congreso de los Diputados y el Senado |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=29 October 2022}}{{cite web |url=https://www.historiaelectoral.com/senado7.html |title=Composición del Senado 1977-{{year}} |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=29 October 2022}}

{{col-begin|width=auto}}

{{col-break}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"

|+ Parliamentary composition in January 2008{{cite web |url=https://www.congreso.es/web/guest/grupos/composicion-en-la-legislatura |title=Grupos parlamentarios |language=es |website=Congress of Deputies |access-date=7 December 2020}}

colspan="6"| Congress of Deputies
rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Groups

! rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Parties

! colspan="2"| Deputies

Seats

! Total

width="1" rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| rowspan="4"| Socialist Parliamentary Group of the Congress

| width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| PSOE

| 142

| rowspan="4"| 164

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialists' Party of Catalonia}}"|

| PSC

| 20

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Confederation of the Greens}}"|

| LV

| 1

bgcolor="green"|

| EV–OV

| 1

rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| rowspan="2"| People's Parliamentary Group in the Congress

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| PP

| 145

| rowspan="2"| 147

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}"|

| UPN

| 2

rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| rowspan="2"| Catalan Parliamentary Group
(Convergence and Union)

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Convergence of Catalonia}}"|

| CDC

| 6

| rowspan="2"| 10

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Union of Catalonia}}"|

| UDC

| 4

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| Republican Left's Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| ERC

| 8

| 8

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| Basque Parliamentary Group (EAJ/PNV)

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| EAJ/PNV

| 7

| 7

rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| rowspan="3"| United Left–Initiative for Catalonia Greens'
Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| IU

| 2

| rowspan="3"| 5

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Initiative for Catalonia Greens}}"|

| ICV

| 2

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian People's Initiative}}"|

| IdPV

| 1

rowspan="7" bgcolor="gray"|

| rowspan="7"| Mixed Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Coalition}}"|

| CC

| 2

| rowspan="7"| 9

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| BNG

| 2

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Canaries}}"|

| NC

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Chunta Aragonesista}}"|

| CHA

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}"|

| EA

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}"|

| NaBai

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| INDEP

| 1{{efn|Joaquín Calomarde, former PP legislator.{{cite news |date=18 April 2007 |title=El diputado Calomarde justifica su paso al Grupo Mixto del Congreso por el giro "a la derecha" del PP |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-diputado-calomarde-justifica-paso-grupo-mixto-congreso-giro-derecha-pp-20070418142147.html |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=31 January 2020}}}}

{{col-break|gap=1em}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"

|+ Parliamentary composition in January 2008{{cite web |url=https://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/gruposparlamentarios/gruposparlamentariosdesde1977/index.html |title=Grupos Parlamentarios desde 1977 |language=es |website=Senate of Spain |access-date=8 July 2020}}

colspan="6"| Senate
rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Groups

! rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Parties

! colspan="2"| Senators

Seats

! Total

width="1" rowspan="3" bgcolor="{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| rowspan="3"| People's Parliamentary Group in the Senate

| width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| PP

| 119

| rowspan="3"| 123

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Navarrese People's Union}}"|

| UPN

| 3

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independents of Fuerteventura}}"|

| IF

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| Socialist Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| PSOE

| 98

| 98

rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Catalan Agreement of Progress}}"|

| rowspan="4"| Catalan Agreement of Progress
Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialists' Party of Catalonia}}"|

| PSC

| 10

| rowspan="4"| 16

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| ERC

| 4

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Initiative for Catalonia Greens}}"|

| ICV

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United and Alternative Left}}"|

| EUiA

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| Basque Nationalist Senators' Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| EAJ/PNV

| 8

| 8

rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| rowspan="2"| Convergence and Union's
Catalan Parliamentary Group in the Senate

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Convergence of Catalonia}}"|

| CDC

| 5

| rowspan="2"| 6

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic Union of Catalonia}}"|

| UDC

| 1

rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Coalition}}"|

| rowspan="2"| Canarian Coalition Senators' Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Coalition}}"|

| CC

| 3

| rowspan="2"| 4

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent Herrenian Group}}"|

| AHI

| 1

rowspan="4" bgcolor="gray"|

| rowspan="4"| Mixed Parliamentary Group

| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| BNG

| 1

| rowspan="4"| 4

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragonese Party}}"|

| PAR

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of Majorca}}"|

| PSM

| 1

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"|

| INDEP

| 1{{efn|Francisco Javier Tuñón, appointed senator for Navarre (supported by UPN, PSN–PSOE, CDN and IUN).{{cite web |date=14 September 2007 |url=https://www.parlamentodenavarra.es/es/noticias/francisco-javier-tu%C3%B1%C3%B3n-san-mart%C3%ADn-es-elegido-senador-por-la-comunidad-forfal-de-navarra |title=Francisco Javier Tuñón San Martín es elegido Senador por la Comunidad Foral de Navarra |language=es |website=www.parlamentodenavarra.es |publisher=Parliament of Navarre |access-date=4 February 2020}}}}

{{col-end}}

Parties and candidates

=Eligibility=

Spanish citizens of age and with the legal capacity to vote could run for election, provided that they were not sentenced to imprisonment by a final court's decision nor convicted by a judgement, even if not yet final, which imposed a penalty of forfeiture of eligibility or of specific disqualification or suspension from public office under specific offences: rebellion, terrorism or other crimes against the state. Other general causes of ineligibility were imposed on members of the Spanish royal family; the president and members of the Constitutional Court, the General Council of the Judiciary, the Supreme Court, the Council of State, the Court of Auditors and the Economic and Social Council; the Ombudsman; the State's Attorney General; high-ranking members—undersecretaries, secretaries-general, directors-general and chiefs of staff—of Spanish government departments, the Prime Minister's Office, government delegations, the Social Security and other government agencies; heads of diplomatic missions in foreign states or international organizations; judges and public prosecutors in active service; Armed Forces and police corps personnel in active service; members of electoral commissions; the chair of RTVE; the director of the Electoral Register Office; the governor and deputy governor of the Bank of Spain; the chairs of the Official Credit Institute and other official credit institutions; and members of the Nuclear Safety Council; as well as a number of territorial-level officers in the aforementioned government bodies and institutions being barred from running, during their tenure of office, in constituencies within the whole or part of their respective area of jurisdiction.{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 70}}.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. II, art. 6}}. Disqualification provisions for the Cortes Generales extended to any employee of a foreign state and to members of regional governments, as well as the impossibility of running simultaneously as candidate for both the Congress and Senate.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. II, ch. I, art. 154}}.

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169}}. Amendments to the electoral law in 2007 introduced requirements for a balanced composition of men and women in the lists of candidates, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition.{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 bis}}.

=Main candidacies=

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.35em; text-align:left;"
colspan="2" rowspan="3"| Candidacy

! rowspan="3"| Parties and
alliances

! colspan="2" rowspan="3"| Leading candidate

! rowspan="3"| Ideology

! colspan="4"| Previous result

! rowspan="3"| {{abbr|Gov.|Government}}

! rowspan="3"| {{abbr|Ref.|References}}

colspan="2"| Congress

! colspan="2"| Senate

Vote %

! Seats

! Vote %

! Seats

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="center"| PSOE

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)

| Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)

| Extremaduran Coalition (PREx–CREx)
{{smaller|– Extremaduran Regionalist Party (PREx)
– Regionalist Convergence of Extremadura (CREx)}}

| Coalition for Melilla (CpM)

| Ibiza for Change (ExC)
{{smaller|– United Left of Ibiza (EU)
– The Greens (Verds)
– Nationalist and Ecologist Agreement (ENE)
– Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)}}

| PSOE–EU–PSM–Verds (PSOE–EU–PSM–Verds)
{{smaller|– United Left of Menorca (EU)
– Socialist Party of Menorca (PSM)
– The Greens (Verds)}}

}}

| 50px

| José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

| Social democracy

| align="center"| 42.6%

| {{big|164}}

| align="center"| 36.5%

| {{big|81}}

| {{ya}}

| {{cite news |date=25 November 2007 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2007/11/25/espana/1195988277.html |title=Zapatero reclama una mayoría más amplia para recuperar la 'convivencia' |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=21 January 2019}}
{{cite news |date=26 January 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-psoe-coalicion-melilla-firman-zapatero-acuerdo-concurrir-juntos-elecciones-20080126111128.html |title=9-M.- PSOE y Coalición por Melilla firman ante Zapatero su acuerdo para concurrir juntos a las elecciones |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="center"| PP

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| People's Party (PP)

| Navarrese People's Union (UPN)

| Independents of Fuerteventura (IF)

}}

| 50px

| Mariano Rajoy

| Conservatism
Christian democracy

| align="center"| 37.7%

| {{big|148}}

| align="center"| 37.9%

| {{big|102}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=9 September 2007 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2007/09/09/espana/1189288802_850215.html |title=Rajoy trata de calmar las aguas del PP |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=21 January 2019}}
{{cite news |date=28 January 2008 |url=https://www.eldiario.es/canariasahora/politica/PP-Independientes-Fuerteventura-elecciones-generales_0_237627421.html |title=PP e Independientes de Fuerteventura irán juntos en las elecciones generales |language=es |newspaper=Canarias Ahora |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="center"| CiU

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Convergence and Union (CiU)
{{smaller|– Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC)
– Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC)}}

}}

| 50px

| Josep Antoni Duran i Lleida

| Catalan nationalism
Centrism

| align="center"| 3.2%

| {{big|10}}

| align="center"| 3.8%

| {{big|4}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=21 September 2007 |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/279679/0/crisis/duran/mas/ |title=Duran i Lleida y Artur Mas dan por zanjada la enésima crisis en CiU |language=es |newspaper=20 minutos |access-date=4 February 2020}}
{{cite news |date=1 December 2007 |url=http://actualidad.terra.es/articulo/consejo_nacional_ciu_duran_2085939.htm |title=El Consejo Nacional de CiU proclama a Duran candidato a las elecciones generales con el 98,1% de los votos |language=es |publisher=Terra |access-date=21 January 2019 |archive-date=29 June 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629154219/actualidad.terra.es/articulo/consejo_nacional_ciu_duran_2085939.htm |url-status=bot: unknown }}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| align="center"| esquerra

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)

}}

| 50px

| Joan Ridao

| Catalan independence
Left-wing nationalism
Social democracy

| align="center"| 2.5%

| {{big|8}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}{{efn|The PSC–PSOE (8 senators), ERC (3 senators), ICV (1 senator) and EUiA (0 senators) contested the 2004 Senate election within the Entesa alliance.}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=7 July 2007 |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20070707/51372023870/erc-designa-a-joan-ridao-como-proximo-cabeza-de-lista-en-el-congreso.html |title=ERC designa a Joan Ridao como próximo cabeza de lista en el Congreso |language=es |newspaper=La Vanguardia |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="center"| EAJ/PNV

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

}}

| 50px

| Josu Erkoreka

| Basque nationalism
Christian democracy

| align="center"| 1.6%

| {{big|7}}

| align="center"| 1.7%

| {{big|6}}

| {{na}}

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| align="center"| IU

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| United Left (IU)
{{smaller|– Communist Party of Spain (PCE)
– Collective for the Unity of Workers–Andalusian Left Bloc (CUT–BAI)
– Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR)}}

| Initiative for Catalonia Greens–United and Alternative Left (ICV–EUiA)
{{smaller|– Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV)
– United and Alternative Left (EUiA)}}

| United Left–Greens (EB–B)

| Bloc for Asturias (BA)

| The Greens of Asturias (LVA)

| The Greens of Majorca (LVM)

| United and Republican Left (EUPV–IR)
{{smaller|– United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV)
– Republican Left (IR)}}

}}

| 50px

| Gaspar Llamazares

| Socialism
Communism

| align="center"| 5.0%

| {{big|5}}

| align="center"| 4.1%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=14 November 2007 |url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2007/11/14/actualidad/1195031829_850215.html |title=Llamazares será el candidato de IU a las elecciones generales |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}"|

| align="center"| CC–PNC

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Canarian Coalition (CC)

| Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC)

| Independent Herrenian Group (AHI)

}}

| 50px

| Ana Oramas

| Regionalism
Canarian nationalism
Centrism

| align="center"| 0.9%

| {{big|3}}

| align="center"| 0.6%

| {{big|3}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=20 January 2008 |url=https://eldia.es/canarias/2008-01-20/22-CC-impone-AHI-Fernando-Rios-ira-tres-Congreso-Diputados.htm |title=CC se impone a AHI y Fernando Ríos irá de tres al Congreso de los Diputados |language=es |newspaper=eldia.es |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| align="center"| BNG

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)
{{smaller|– Galician People's Union (UPG)
– Socialist Collective (CS)
– Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG)
– Nationalist Left (EN)
– Inzar (Inzar)
– Movement for the Grassroots (MpB)
– Irmandiño Meeting (EI)}}

}}

| 50px

| Francisco Jorquera

| Galician nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism

| align="center"| 0.8%

| {{big|2}}

| align="center"| 1.1%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=25 September 2007 |url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/galicia/2007/09/25/francisco-rodriguez-sera-candidato-congreso-dedicarse-exclusiva-bloque/0003_6171810.htm |title=Francisco Rodríguez no será candidato al Congreso para dedicarse en exclusiva al Bloque |language=es |newspaper=La Voz de Galicia |access-date=4 February 2020}}
{{cite news |date=10 November 2007 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2007/11/10/galicia/1194693501_850215.html |title=El BNG elige a sus cabezas de lista para las generales |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=4 February 2020}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Chunta Aragonesista}}"|

| align="center"| CHA

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Aragonese Union (CHA)

}}

| 50px

| Bizén Fuster

| Aragonese nationalism
Eco-socialism

| align="center"| 0.4%

| {{big|1}}

| align="center"| 0.3%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=15 December 2007 |url=https://www.elperiodicodearagon.com/noticias/aragon/cha-aprueba-lista-candidatos-proximas-elecciones-generales_372449.html |title=CHA aprueba la lista de los candidatos para las próximas elecciones generales |language=es |newspaper=El Periódico de Aragón |access-date=4 February 2020}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}"|

| align="center"| EA

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Solidarity (EA)

}}

| 50px

| Nekane Altzelai

| Basque nationalism
Social democracy

| align="center"| 0.3%

| {{big|1}}

| align="center"| 0.3%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=27 January 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/01/27/paisvasco/1201466404_850215.html |title=Nekane Alzelai abrirá la lista guipuzcoana de EA tras negarse Galdos |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=4 February 2020}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}"|

| align="center"| NaBai

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Basque Solidarity (EA)

| Aralar (Aralar)

| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

| Assembly (Batzarre)

}}

| 50px

| Uxue Barkos

| Basque nationalism
Social democracy

| align="center"| 0.2%

| {{big|1}}

| align="center"| 0.3%

| {{big|0}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=24 January 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/navarra/noticia-nafarroa-bai-elabora-listas-paritarias-congreso-senado-candidatos-independientes-20080124203047.html |title=Nafarroa Bai elabora listas paritarias al Congreso y al Senado con candidatos independientes |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=4 February 2020}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Catalan Agreement of Progress}}"|

| align="center"| PSC–ERC–
ICV–EUiA

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC)

| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)

| Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV)

| United and Alternative Left (EUiA)

}}

| 50px

| Maite Arqué

| Catalanism
Social democracy
Eco-socialism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| align="center"| 8.7%

| {{big|12}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=9 January 2008 |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/331224/0/arque/badalona/socialistas/ |title=Maite Arqué dejará la alcaldía de Badalona tras las elecciones de marzo |language=es |newspaper=20 minutos |access-date=4 February 2020}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}"|

| align="center"| UPyD

| {{Collapsible list

| title = List

| bullets = on

| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)

}}

| 50px

| Rosa Díez

| Social liberalism
Radical centrism

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| colspan="2" {{n/a}}

| {{na}}

| {{cite news |date=26 October 2007 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2007/10/26/espana/1193349613_850215.html |title=El partido de Rosa Díez rechaza ir en coalición con Ciudadanos |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=4 February 2020}}
{{cite news |date=27 January 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/01/27/paisvasco/1201466405_850215.html |title=Díez se presenta como garante de la "regeneración democrática" |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=4 February 2020}}

In the Canary Islands, an alliance was formed between New Canaries (NC) and Nationalist Canarian Centre (CCN), two splinter groups from Canarian Coalition.{{cite news |date=18 December 2007 |url=https://www.lavozdelanzarote.com/articulo/politica/nc-y-ccn-sellan-acuerdo-concurrir-juntos-proximas-elecciones-generales-y-ahora-esperan-sumar-pil/20071218191500047160.html |title=NC y CCN sellan su acuerdo para concurrir juntos a las próximas elecciones generales y ahora esperan sumar al PIL |language=es |newspaper=La Voz de Lanzarote |access-date=21 January 2019}} In the Valencian Community, Valencian People's Initiative (IdPV)—splinter from United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV)—joined a coalition with the Valencian Nationalist Bloc (Bloc) and The Greens–Ecologist Left of the Valencian Country (EVEE).{{cite news |date=22 January 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-iniciativa-poble-valencia-concurrira-bloc-els-verds-ee-isaura-navarro-dara-baja-eupv-20080122134936.html |title=9-M.- Iniciativa del Poble Valencià concurrirá con El Bloc y Els Verds/EE e Isaura Navarro se dará de baja de EUPV |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=21 January 2019}} Unity for the Isles, an electoral alliance based in the Balearic Islands, was formed by PSM–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN), Majorcan Union (UM), Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), Agreement for Majorca (ExM) and The Greens of Menorca (EV–Me).{{cite news |date=21 February 2008 |title=Unitat per les Illes quiere 'hacer historia' en las Cortes |url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/21/baleares/1203619121.html |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=25 March 2017}}

Timetable

The key dates are listed below (all times are CET. The Canary Islands used WET (UTC+0) instead):{{cite web |url=http://www.elecciones.mir.es/generales2008/i_calendario.html |title=Elecciones Generales a Cortes Generales 2008. Calendario electoral |date=January 2008 |language=es |publisher=Ministry of the Interior |access-date=16 March 2019}}

  • 14 January: The election decree is issued with the countersign of the Prime Minister after deliberation in the Council of Ministers, ratified by the King.
  • 15 January: Formal dissolution of the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} and official start of ban period for the organization of events for the inauguration of public works, services or projects.
  • 18 January: Initial constitution of provincial and zone electoral commissions.
  • 25 January: Deadline for parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to inform the relevant electoral commission.
  • 4 February: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates to the relevant electoral commission.
  • 6 February: Submitted lists of candidates are provisionally published in the Official State Gazette (BOE).
  • 9 February: Deadline for citizens entered in the Register of Absent Electors Residing Abroad (CERA) and for citizens temporarily absent from Spain to apply for voting.
  • 10 February: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors to rectify irregularities in their lists.
  • 11 February: Official proclamation of valid submitted lists of candidates.
  • 12 February: Proclaimed lists are published in the BOE.
  • 22 February: Official start of electoral campaigning.
  • 28 February: Deadline to apply for postal voting.
  • 4 March: Official start of legal ban on electoral opinion polling publication, dissemination or reproduction and deadline for CERA citizens to vote by mail.
  • 5 March: Deadline for postal and temporarily absent voters to issue their votes.
  • 7 March: Last day of official electoral campaigning and deadline for CERA citizens to vote in a ballot box in the relevant consular office or division.
  • 8 March: Official 24-hour ban on political campaigning prior to the general election (reflection day).
  • 9 March: Polling day (polling stations open at 9 am and close at 8 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling station at 8 pm have cast their vote). Counting of votes starts immediately.
  • 12 March: General counting of votes, including the counting of CERA votes.
  • 15 March: Deadline for the general counting of votes to be carried out by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 24 March: Deadline for elected members to be proclaimed by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 3 April: Deadline for both chambers of the {{lang|es|Cortes Generales|italic=no}} to be re-assembled (the election decree determines this date, which for the 2008 election was set for 1 April).
  • 3 May: Maximum deadline for definitive results to be published in the BOE.

Campaign

=Party slogans=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Party or alliance

! Original slogan

! English translation

! {{abbr|Ref.|References}}

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| PSOE

| « Motivos para creer »{{efn|name="PSOESlogan"|Under this generic slogan, the party launched another thirteen interchangeable expressions:

  • {{langx|es|link=no|Por todo lo que merece la pena}} ({{langx|en|"For all what matters"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Comprometidos con la Igualdad}} ({{langx|en|"Committed to Equality"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Vivimos juntos, decidimos juntos}} ({{langx|en|"We live together, we decide together"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|No es lo mismo}} ({{langx|en|"Is not the same"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Porque lo estamos consiguiendo}} ({{langx|en|"Because we are getting it done"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Somos más}} ({{langx|en|"We are more"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Soñar con los pies en la tierra}} ({{langx|en|"Head in the clouds, feet on the ground"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Por todo lo logrado}} ({{langx|en|"For everything achieved"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Por el pleno empleo}} ({{langx|en|"For full employment"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Porque no está todo hecho}} ({{langx|en|"Because everything is not done"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|La octava potencia económica, la primera en derechos sociales}} ({{langx|en|"Eight economic power, first in social rights"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Ahora que avanzamos, por qué retroceder}} ({{langx|en|"Now that we move forward, why going back?"}})
  • {{langx|es|link=no|Podemos llegar tan lejos como queramos}} ({{langx|en|"We can reach as far as we want"}})

}}

| "Reasons to believe"{{efn|name="PSOESlogan"}}

| {{cite news |date=4 February 2008 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/04/espana/1202125599.html |title=Los socialistas rompen la tradición con 13 eslóganes y múltiples fotos de Zapatero |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=21 January 2019}}{{cite web |date=12 March 2008 |url=http://javierpanzano.com/elecciones-2008-de-la-z-a-la-a-y-iii/ |title=Elecciones 2008: De la A a la Z (M) |language=es |website=javierpanzano.com |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| PP

| « Con cabeza y corazón »

| "With brain and heart"

| {{cite news |date=19 February 2008 |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/351114/0/lema/pp/elecciones/ |title='Con cabeza y corazón', lema del PP para la campaña electoral del 9 de marzo |language=es |newspaper=20 minutos |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| CiU

| « El teu vot farà respectar Catalunya »

| "Your vote will make Catalonia to be respected"

| {{cite news |date=22 February 2008 |url=https://www.ccma.cat/324/duran-lleida-assegura-que-el-vot-a-ciu-servir-per-fer-respectar-catalunya/noticia/257740/ |title=Duran Lleida assegura que el vot a CiU servirà per "fer respectar Catalunya" |language=ca |publisher=CCMA |access-date=19 February 2019}}{{cite news |date=17 December 2015 |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20151217/carteles-electorales-convergencia-unio-elecciones-generales-4743975 |title=Los carteles de Convergència y de Unió para las elecciones generales desde 1982 |language=es |newspaper=El Periódico de Catalunya |access-date=19 February 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| esquerra

| « Objectiu: un país de primera »

| "Goal: A first class country"

| {{cite news |date=13 January 2008 |url=https://www.ccma.cat/324/Objectiu-un-pais-de-primera-eslogan-dERC-per-a-la-campanya-electoral/noticia/244015/ |title="Objectiu: un país de primera", eslògan d'ERC per a la campanya electoral |language=ca |publisher=CCMA |access-date=21 January 2019}}{{cite news |date=14 January 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/01/14/catalunya/1200276445_850215.html |title='Objetivo: un país de primera', lema de la campaña de ERC |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| EAJ/PNV

| « Euskadin bizi naiz ni, zu, non bizi zara? »
« Yo vivo en Euskadi, tú ¿dónde vives? »

| "I live in the Basque Country, where do you live?"

| {{cite news |date=1 February 2008 |url=https://www.diariovasco.com/20080201/politica/confluencia-intereses-entre-quien-20080201.html |title=El PNV ve confluencia de intereses entre "quien ilegaliza y quien es ilegalizado" |language=es |newspaper=Diario Vasco |access-date=21 January 2019}}{{cite news |date=20 February 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-pnv-pp-iniciaran-campana-vitoria-pse-eb-bilbao-ea-zarautz-aralar-san-sebastian-20080220120748.html |title=PNV y PP iniciarán su campaña en Vitoria, PSE y EB en Bilbao, EA en Zarautz y Aralar en San Sebastián |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| IU

| « LlamazarES + izquierda »

| "LlamazarES (is) more left"

| {{cite news |date=11 February 2008 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/11/espana/1202735823.html |title=IU concurre el 9M con el lema 'LlamazarES + izquierda' y 'contrato social' |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}"|

| CC–PNC

| « Habla canario, ponte en tu sitio »

| "Speak, Canarian, claim your place"

| {{cite news |date=14 February 2008 |url=http://217-116-29-185.redes.acens.net/2008-02-14/actualidad/actualidad6.htm |title=CC apuesta por el "puerta a puerta" y apela al voto del nacionalismo sentimental |language=es |newspaper=eldia.es |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| BNG

| « Contigo, Galiza decide »

| "With you, Galicia decides"

| {{cite news |date=12 February 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-contigo-galiza-decide-sera-lema-bng-hara-campana-didactica-frente-demagogia-psoe-pp-20080130150134.html |title=9-M.- 'Contigo, Galiza decide' será el lema del BNG, que hará una campaña didáctica frente a la "demagogia" de PSOE y PP |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=21 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Chunta Aragonesista}}"|

| CHA

| « Aragón con más fuerza »

| "Aragon, with more strength"

| {{cite news |date=18 February 2008 |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-campana-cha-apelara-voto-aragonesista-no-perder-representacion-aragon-congreso-20080218144844.html |title=La campaña de CHA apelará al voto aragonesista para no perder la "representación de Aragón" en el Congreso |language=es |publisher=Europa Press |access-date=25 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}"|

| EA

| « Herriaren ahotsa »
« La voz del pueblo »

| "The voice of the people"

|

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}"|

| NaBai

| « Moogi, moogi. Mugi gaitezen, mugi dezagun »
« Movámonos, movámoslo »

| "Let's move us, let's move it"

| {{cite news |date=20 February 2008 |url=http://relay.micromedios.es/soitu/2008/02/20/info/1203509586_025929.html |title=Nafarroa Bai organiza una campaña bidireccional en la que invita al "movimiento" |language=es |newspaper=soitu.es |access-date=25 January 2019}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}"|

| UPyD

| « Lo que nos une »

| "What unites us"

| {{cite news |date=12 February 2008 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/12/espana/1202818507.html |title='Lo que nos une', lema de UPyD para la campaña |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=21 January 2019}}

Although the official electoral campaign period in Spain only lasts for the 15 days before the election, (with the exception of the day just before the election), many parties, especially the PP and PSOE, start their "pre-campaigns" months in advance, often before having finalised their electoral lists.

;PSOE

The first phase campaign was done under the slogan "Con Z de Zapatero" (With Z of Zapatero), a joke based on the Prime Minister and socialist candidate's habit of tending to pronounce words ending with D as if they ended with Z. The campaign was linked to terms like equality (Igualdad-Igualdaz) or solidarity (Solidaridad-Solidaridaz), emphasizing the policies carried out by the current government. The second phase was done under the slogan "La Mirada Positiva" (The Positive outlook), emphasising the future government platform, and "Vota con todas tus fuerzas" (Vote with all of your strength), aiming to mobilize the indecisive or potentially abstaining voters. Another common slogan through all the campaign was "Motivos para creer" (Reasons to believe in).

;PP

For the pre-campaign the PP used the slogan "Con Rajoy es Posible" (With Rajoy it's Possible). Usually emphasizing PP's campaign proposals, such as "Llegar a fin de mes, Con Rajoy es Posible" (Making ends meet, With Rajoy it's Possible). IU accused PP of copying its slogan from the last municipal elections[http://www.publico.es/espana/020146/pp/copia/iu/lema/ultima/campana/electoral El PP copia el Lema de IU en su Ultima Campaña] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071125091948/http://www.publico.es/espana/020146/pp/copia/iu/lema/ultima/campana/electoral |date=November 25, 2007 }}, Público, 23/11/2007

;IU

IU chose the pre-campaign slogan "LlamazarES + Más Izquierda" (LlamazarES (is) More Left), calling attention to their position as the third national party.

=Campaign issues=

The economy became a major campaign issue due to a number of factors:

  • A slowing down in the housing market, with prices even beginning to fall in some areas.
  • Sharp increases in prices of some basic commodities.
  • Global instability as a result of market uncertainty.
  • A rise in unemployment.

The sudden emergence of the economy as a political issue came after several years of steady economic growth, and led some observers to suggest that maybe the government would have benefitted from calling an earlier election.{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id=10566886 |title=Zapatero's bear fight |publisher=The Economist |date= 2008-01-24|access-date=2010-06-18}} In addition to those factors both the PP and the PSOE made competing proposals on taxation.

=Election debates=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+ 2008 Spanish general election debates

rowspan="3"| Date

! rowspan="3"| Organisers

! rowspan="3"| Moderator(s)

! colspan="9"| {{smaller|  }} {{Colors|black|#90FF90| P }} {{smaller|Present{{efn|Denotes a main invitee attending the event.}}  }} {{Colors|black|#D0F0C0| S }} {{smaller|Surrogate{{efn|Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.}}  }} {{Colors|black|#A2B2C2| NI }} {{smaller|Not invited }}

scope="col" style="width:5em;"| PSOE

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| PP

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| IU

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| CiU

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| ERC

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| PNV

! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| CC

! rowspan="2" scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Share

! rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Ref.|References}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Coalition}};"|

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 21 February

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Antena 3{{efn|Economic debate.}}

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Matías Prats

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Solbes}}}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Pizarro}}}}

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| 24.4%
{{smaller|(4,784,000)}}

| {{cite news |date=21 February 2008 |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/352474/0/solbes/pizarro/debate/ |title=Pizarro habla de crisis económica profunda y Solbes le tacha de demagogo y catastrofista |language=es |newspaper=20 minutos |access-date=23 January 2019}}
{{cite news |date=22 February 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2008/02/22/actualidad/1203666530_850215.html |title=Casi cinco millones de espectadores siguieron el debate Pizarro-Solbes |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=23 January 2019}}

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 25 February

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| TV Academy

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Manuel Campo Vidal

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Zapatero}}}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Rajoy}}}}

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| 59.1%
{{smaller|(13,043,000)}}

| {{cite news |date=14 December 2015 |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2015/11/26/actualidad/1448533075_331524.html |title=Cinco debates cara a cara en once elecciones generales |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=23 January 2019}}
{{cite news |date=27 February 2008 |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/02/27/radiotv/1204066803_850215.html |title=El Zapatero-Rajoy se convierte en lo más visto de la historia |language=es |newspaper=El País |access-date=23 January 2019}}

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 28 February

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| TVE

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Ana Blanco

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Jáuregui}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|G. Pons}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Muñoz}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Jané}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Ridao}}}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Erkoreka}}}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Bañuelos}}

| 11.1%
{{smaller|(1,759,000)}}

| {{cite news |date=29 February 2008 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/29/eleccionesgenerales/1204282722.html |title=El 'Debate a siete' no cautiva |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=23 January 2019}}

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 3 March

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| TV Academy

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Olga Viza

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Zapatero}}}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Rajoy}}}}

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| style="background:#A2B2C2;"| NI

| 56.3%
{{smaller|(11,952,000)}}

|
{{cite news |date=4 March 2008 |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/03/04/eleccionesgenerales/1204614496.html |title=Casi 12 millones de personas siguieron el segundo debate electoral Zapatero-Rajoy |language=es |newspaper=El Mundo |access-date=23 January 2019}}

style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| 5 March

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| TVE
(59 segundos)

| style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;"| Ana Pastor

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Jáuregui}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|G. Pons}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Nieto}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Xuclà}}

| style="background:#D0F0C0;"| S
{{smaller|Cerdà}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Erkoreka}}}}

| {{Yes|P
{{smaller|Oramas}}}}

| 10.4%
{{smaller|(1,774,000)}}

| {{cite news |date=6 March 2008 |url=https://www.formulatv.com/noticias/6997/audiencias-sin-tetas-bate-record-frente-al-mal-estreno-de-tres-deseos/ |title='Sin tetas...' bate récord frente al mal estreno de 'Tres deseos' |language=es |publisher=FormulaTV |access-date=23 January 2019}}

;Opinion polls

class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"

|+ Candidate viewed as "performing best" or "most convincing" in each debate

rowspan="2"| Debate

! rowspan="2"| Polling firm/Commissioner

! style="width:45px;"| PSOE

! style="width:45px;"| PP

! style="width:45px;" rowspan="2"| Tie

! style="width:45px;" rowspan="2"| None

! style="width:45px;" rowspan="2"| {{Qmark}}

style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}};"|

! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}};"|

align="left"| 21 February

| align="left"| TNS Demoscopia/Antena 3

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 47.4

| 37.0

| –

| 15.6

| –

rowspan="5" align="left"| 25 February

| align="left"| Sigma Dos/El Mundo{{cite web |title=Sigma Dos da la victoria a Zapatero por un estrecho margen de 3,5 puntos |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/26/eleccionesgenerales/1203988255.html |language=es |work=El Mundo |date=26 February 2008}}{{cite web |title=Rajoy estuvo mejor de lo esperado para un 48,2% y Zapatero sólo para un 30,7% |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/27/eleccionesgenerales/1204072711.html |language=es |work=El Mundo |date=27 February 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 45.5

| 42.0

| –

| –

| 12.5

align="left"| Metroscopia/El País{{cite news |title=Victoria a los puntos de Zapatero |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2008/02/26/espana/1203980432_850215.html |language=es |work=El País |date=26 February 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 46.0

| 42.0

| 12.0

| –

| –

align="left"| Opina/Cuatro{{cite web |title=Los sondeos de los medios dan como ganador a Zapatero en el debate con Rajoy |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/354070/0/sondeos/debate/elecciones/ |language=es |work=20 minutos |date=26 February 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 45.4

| 33.4

| 8.2

| –

| 13.0

align="left"| Invymark/laSexta

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 45.7

| 30.1

| 24.1

| –

| –

align="left"| TNS Demoscopia/Antena 3{{cite web |title=Los sondeos de las cadenas de televisión proclaman ganador a Zapatero |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/02/26/eleccionesgenerales/1203982988.html |language=es |work=El Mundo |date=26 February 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 45.4

| 39.3

| –

| 15.3

| –

rowspan="5" align="left"| 3 March

| align="left"| Sigma Dos/El Mundo{{cite web |title=Zapatero gana a Rajoy en un debate lleno de propuestas |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/03/03/eleccionesgenerales/1204580139.html |language=es |work=El Mundo |date=3 March 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 49.0

| 40.2

| –

| –

| 10.8

align="left"| Metroscopia/El País{{cite news |title=Zapatero se impone con claridad a Rajoy en el segundo cara a cara |url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2008/03/04/actualidad/1204622217_850215.html |language=es |work=El País |date=4 March 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 53.0

| 38.0

| 9.0

| –

| –

align="left"| Opina/Cuatro{{cite web |title=Los primeros sondeos del segundo cara a cara dan como ganador a Zapatero |url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/356904/0/encuestas/segundo/debate/ |language=es |work=20 minutos |date=26 February 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 50.8

| 29.0

| 13.4

| –

| 6.8

align="left"| Invymark/laSexta{{cite web |title=Los sondeos de las cadenas dan la victoria por segunda vez a Zapatero |url=https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/03/04/eleccionesgenerales/1204586340.html |language=es |work=El Mundo |date=4 March 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 49.2

| 29.8

| 21.0

| –

| –

align="left"| CIS{{cite web |title=Post-electoral Elecciones Generales y al Parlamento de Andalucía, 2008 |url=http://datos.cis.es/pdf/Es2757mar_A.pdf |language=es |work=CIS |access-date=23 January 2008}}

| {{Party shading/PSOE}}| 53.3

| 21.5

| 6.9

| 15.8

| 2.5

Opinion polls

{{Main|Opinion polling for the 2008 Spanish general election}}

{{Opinion polling for the 2008 Spanish general election (Graphical summary)}}

Results

=Congress of Deputies=

{{For|results by autonomous community/constituency|Results breakdown of the 2008 Spanish general election (Congress)}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"

|+ ← Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results →

colspan="7"| File:SpainCongressDiagram2008.svg
style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="525"| Parties and alliances

! colspan="3"| Popular vote

! colspan="2"| Seats

width="75"| Votes

! width="45"| %

! width="45"| ±pp

! width="35"| Total

! width="35"| +/−

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)

| 11,289,335

43.87style="color:green;"| +1.28

| 169

style="color:green;"| +5
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| People's Party (PP)

| 10,278,010

39.94style="color:green;"| +2.23

| 154

style="color:green;"| +6
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| United Left (IU)

| 969,946

3.77style="color:red;"| –1.19

| 2

style="color:red;"| –3
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="left"| Convergence and Union (CiU)

| 779,425

3.03style="color:red;"| –0.20

| 10

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

| 306,128

1.19style="color:red;"| –0.44

| 6

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}"|

| align="left"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)

| 306,079

1.19New

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left of Catalonia (esquerra)

| 298,139

1.16style="color:red;"| –1.36

| 3

style="color:red;"| –5
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)

| 212,543

0.83style="color:green;"| +0.02

| 2

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian Coalition–Canarian Nationalist Party (CC–PNC)1

| 174,629

0.68style="color:red;"| –0.25

| 2

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andalusian Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Andalusian Coalition (CA)2

| 68,679

0.27style="color:red;"| –0.52

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}"|

| align="left"| Navarre Yes (NaBai)

| 62,398

0.24±0.00

| 1

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Solidarity (EA)

| 50,371

0.20style="color:red;"| –0.11

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Confederation of the Greens}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens (Verdes)

| 49,355

0.19style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| The Greens (Verdes)

| 41,531

0.16style="color:green;"| +0.10

| 0

±0
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| The Greens (EV–LV)3

| 7,824

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.11

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens (Spanish political party)}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)

| 46,313

0.18New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals}}"|

| align="left"| Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)

| 44,795

0.17New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragonese Party}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Party (PAR)

| 40,054

0.16style="color:green;"| +0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Chunta Aragonesista}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Union (CHA)

| 38,202

0.15style="color:red;"| –0.21

| 0

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Canaries}}"|

| align="left"| New Canaries–Canarian Centre (NC–CCN)

| 38,024

0.15New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–Green Group}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV)

| 30,840

0.12style="color:green;"| +0.07

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aralar (Basque political party)}}"|

| align="left"| Aralar (Aralar)

| 29,989

0.12style="color:red;"| –0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Bloc–Initiative–Greens (Bloc–IdPV–EVEE)

| 29,760

0.12style="color:red;"| –0.04

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unity for the Isles}}"|

| align="left"| Unity for the Isles (UIB)4

| 25,454

0.10style="color:red;"| –0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For a Fairer World}}"|

| align="left"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J)

| 23,318

0.09New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens of Europe (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens of Europe (LVdE)5

| 20,419

0.08±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Social Democratic Party (PSD)

| 20,126

0.08New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)

| 20,030

0.08style="color:green;"| +0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens for Blank Votes}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)

| 14,193

0.06style="color:red;"| –0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española de las JONS (1976)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)

| 14,023

0.05±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Democracy (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Democracy (DN)

| 12,836

0.05style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative (EV–AE)

| 12,561

0.05style="color:red;"| –0.07

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Family and Life Party}}"|

| align="left"| Family and Life Party (PFyV)

| 9,882

0.04style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Humanist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Humanist Party (PH)

| 9,056

0.04style="color:red;"| –0.04

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of Almería}}"|

| align="left"| Party of Almería (PdeAL)

| 8,451

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Cannabis Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Navarrese Cannabis Representation (RCN/NOK)

| 7,769

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.04

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)

| 7,386

0.03±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Alternative (AES)

| 7,300

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spain 2000}}"|

| align="left"| Spain 2000 (E–2000)

| 6,906

0.03style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Catalan Republican Party}}"|

| align="left"| Catalan Republican Party (RC)

| 6,746

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Coalition (CVa)

| 5,424

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Blank Seats}}"|

| align="left"| Unsubmissive Seats–Alternative of Discontented Democrats (Ei–ADD)

| 5,035

0.02style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Commoners' Land}}"|

| align="left"| Commoners' Land (TC)

| 4,796

0.02style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Auténtica}}"|

| align="left"| Authentic Phalanx (FA)

| 4,607

0.02±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Leonese People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Leonese People's Union (UPL)

| 4,509

0.02style="color:red;"| –0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)

| 3,885

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Engine and Sports Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD)

| 3,829

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Pensioners in Action Party}}"|

| align="left"| Pensioners in Action Party (PDLPEA)

| 3,050

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left (Spain, 1977)}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left (IR)

| 2,899

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.06

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Riojan Party}}"|

| align="left"| Riojan Party (PR)

| 2,837

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Alliance (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Alliance (AN)

| 2,737

0.01style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Alternative in Blank (ABLA)

| 2,460

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Extremadura}}"|

| align="left"| United Extremadura (EU)

| 2,346

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–Green Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV)

| 2,028

0.01±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Party (1970)}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Party (PC)

| 1,956

0.01±0.00

| 0

±0
bgcolor="black"|

| align="left"| Party for Catalonia (PxCat)

| 1,919

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Non-Smokers' Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Non-Smokers' Party (PNF)

| 1,616

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union for Leganés}}"|

| align="left"| Union for Leganés (ULEG)

| 1,566

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Front}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Front (Frente)

| 1,539

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Democratic Centre}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Democratic Centre (CDL)

| 1,503

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Nationalist Option}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Nationalist Option (ONV)

| 1,490

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)

| 1,362

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.12

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andecha Astur}}"|

| align="left"| Andecha Astur (AA)

| 1,299

0.01±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL)

| 1,278

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Democratic Centre}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Democratic Centre (CDEs)

| 1,047

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Nationalist Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian Nationalist Alternative (ANC)

| 1,017

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Civil Liberties Party}}"|

| align="left"| Civil Liberties Party (PLCI)

| 888

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unidá}}"|

| align="left"| Unity (Unidá)

| 848

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Party of State Employment and Housing}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Party of State Employment and Housing (PLEVE)

| 786

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Struggle}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Struggle (LI (LIT–CI))

| 722

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unity of the People}}"|

| align="left"| Unity of the People (UP)

| 699

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| For the Valencian Republic (plRV)

| 645

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Centrist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Centrist Party (PCTR)

| 509

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Movement for the Unity of the Canarian People}}"|

| align="left"| Movement for the Unity of the Canarian People (MUPC)

| 497

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragon United Citizens Party}}"|

| align="left"| Aragon United Citizens Party (pCUA)

| 475

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens' Union–Independent Progressives of Canaries}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens' Union–Independent Progressives of Canaries (UC–PIC)

| 464

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Kingdom of Valencia Identity}}"|

| align="left"| Kingdom of Valencia Identity (IRV)

| 449

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Unity of Castile and León}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)

| 423

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|State of Spain Unionist Party}}"|

| align="left"| State of Spain Unionist Party (PUEDE)

| 414

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of El Bierzo}}"|

| align="left"| People of El Bierzo (PB–UB)

| 385

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Islander Party of the Balearic Islands}}"|

| align="left"| Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)

| 360

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Christian Positivist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Christian Positivist Party (PPCr)

| 300

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Traditionalist Communion}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC)

| 218

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Asturian Democratic Convergence}}"|

| align="left"| Asturian Democratic Convergence (CDAS)

| 216

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Merindades of Castile Initiative}}"|

| align="left"| Merindades of Castile Initiative (IMC)

| 202

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Castilian Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Castilian Unity (UdCa)

| 198

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|European Ibero-American Alliance Party}}"|

| align="left"| European Ibero-American Alliance Party (PAIE)

| 174

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers for Democracy Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)

| 159

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Party of Guadalajara}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Party of Guadalajara (PRGU)

| 152

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Balearic Alliance}}"|

| align="left"| Balearic Alliance (ABA)

| 145

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Electronic Voting Assembly}}"|

| align="left"| Electronic Voting Assembly (AVE)

| 144

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Centrist Union (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Centrist Union (UCL)

| 124

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Alliance for Burgos}}"|

| align="left"| Alliance for Burgos (AxB)

| 123

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Burgalese Citizen Initiative}}"|

| align="left"| Burgalese Citizen Initiative (ICBur)

| 109

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| We Are (N Som)

| 105

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independents for Cuenca}}"|

| align="left"| Independents for Cuenca (ixC)

| 100

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Citizens' Group (AGRUCI)

| 79

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falangist Movement of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE)

| 68

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Aitch Party (PHache)

| 0

0.00New

| 0

±0
align="left" colspan="2"| Blank ballots

| 286,182

1.11style="color:red;"| –0.47

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Total

| 25,734,863

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

| 350

±0
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="2"| Valid votes

| 25,734,863

99.36style="color:green;"| +0.37

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2" rowspan="5"|

align="left" colspan="2"| Invalid votes

| 165,576

0.64style="color:red;"| –0.37
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Votes cast / turnout

| 25,900,439

73.85style="color:red;"| –1.81
align="left" colspan="2"| Abstentions

| 9,172,740

26.15style="color:green;"| +1.81
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Registered voters

| 35,073,179

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="7"| Sources{{cite web |url=https://infoelectoral.interior.gob.es/es/elecciones-celebradas/resultados-electorales/ |title=Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales |language=es |publisher=Ministry of the Interior |access-date=15 April 2022}}{{cite web |url=https://www.historiaelectoral.com/e2008.html |title=Elecciones Generales 9 de marzo de 2008 |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=21 October 2021}}
colspan="7" style="text-align:left; max-width:790px;"| {{hidden|ta1=left|title=Footnotes:|content={{ubl

| 1 Canarian Coalition–Canarian Nationalist Party results are compared to the combined totals of Canarian Coalition and the Canarian Nationalist Party in the 2004 election.

| 2 Andalusian Coalition results are compared to the combined totals of Andalusian Party and Socialist Party of Andalusia in the 2004 election.

| 3 The Greens results are compared to The Eco-pacifist Greens totals in the 2004 election.

| 4 Unity for the Isles results are compared to the combined totals of Progressives for the Balearic Islands and Majorcan Union in the 2004 election.

| 5 The Greens of Europe results are compared to The Greens of the Community of Madrid totals in the 2004 election.}}}}

{{bar box

|title=Popular vote

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|43.87}}

{{bar percent|PP|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|39.94}}

{{bar percent|IU|{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}|3.77}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|3.03}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|1.19}}

{{bar percent|UPyD|{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}|1.19}}

{{bar percent|esquerra|{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}|1.16}}

{{bar percent|BNG|{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}|0.83}}

{{bar percent|CC–PNC|{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}|0.68}}

{{bar percent|NaBai|{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}|0.24}}

{{bar percent|Others|#777777|3.00}}

{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|1.11}}

}}

{{bar box

|title=Seats

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|48.29}}

{{bar percent|PP|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|44.00}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|2.86}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|1.71}}

{{bar percent|esquerra|{{party color|Republican Left of Catalonia}}|0.86}}

{{bar percent|IU|{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}|0.57}}

{{bar percent|BNG|{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}|0.57}}

{{bar percent|CC–PNC|{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}|0.57}}

{{bar percent|UPyD|{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}|0.29}}

{{bar percent|NaBai|{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}|0.29}}

}}

=Senate=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"

|+ ← Summary of the 9 March 2008 Senate of Spain election results →

colspan="7"| File:SpainSenateDiagram2008.svg
style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="525"| Parties and alliances

! colspan="3"| Popular vote

! colspan="2"| Seats

width="75"| Votes

! width="45"| %

! width="45"| ±pp

! width="35"| Total

! width="35"| +/−

width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| People's Party (PP)

| 28,039,592

40.20style="color:green;"| +2.28

| 101

style="color:red;"| –1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1

| 25,965,221

37.22style="color:green;"| +0.74

| 86

style="color:green;"| +5
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Catalan Agreement of Progress}}"|

| align="left"| Catalan Agreement of Progress (PSC–ERC–ICV–EUiA)

| 5,280,590

7.57style="color:red;"| –1.09

| 12

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Convergence and Union}}"|

| align="left"| Convergence and Union (CiU)

| 2,437,338

3.49style="color:red;"| –0.31

| 4

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| United Left (IU)2

| 2,015,249

2.89style="color:red;"| –1.17

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)

| 903,072

1.29style="color:red;"| –0.45

| 2

style="color:red;"| –4
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)

| 726,317

1.04style="color:red;"| –0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union, Progress and Democracy}}"|

| align="left"| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)

| 691,695

0.99New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian Coalition–Canarian Nationalist Party (CC–PNC)3

| 302,729

0.43style="color:red;"| –0.16

| 1

style="color:red;"| –2
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andalusian Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Andalusian Coalition (CA)4

| 229,917

0.33style="color:red;"| –0.47

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens (Spanish political party)}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)

| 200,242

0.29New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nafarroa Bai}}"|

| align="left"| Navarre Yes (NaBai)

| 183,873

0.26style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="line-height:22px;"

| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Confederation of the Greens}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens (Verdes)

| 181,253

0.26style="color:green;"| +0.09

| 0

±0
style="border-bottom-style:hidden; border-top-style:hidden; line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| The Greens (Verdes)

| 162,124

0.23style="color:green;"| +0.15

| 0

±0
style="line-height:16px;"

| align="left"| The Greens (EV–LV)5

| 19,129

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.06

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Eusko Alkartasuna}}"|

| align="left"| Basque Solidarity (EA)

| 143,294

0.21style="color:red;"| –0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For a Fairer World}}"|

| align="left"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J)

| 133,678

0.19New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragonese Party}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Party (PAR)

| 132,738

0.19style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals}}"|

| align="left"| Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)

| 132,171

0.19style="color:green;"| +0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–Green Group}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV)

| 112,561

0.16style="color:green;"| +0.13

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Chunta Aragonesista}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Union (CHA)

| 107,282

0.15style="color:red;"| –0.17

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Nationalist Bloc}}"|

| align="left"| Bloc–Initiative–Greens (Bloc–IdPV–EVEE)

| 92,588

0.13style="color:red;"| –0.06

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aralar (Basque political party)}}"|

| align="left"| Aralar (Aralar)

| 75,476

0.11style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)

| 66,163

0.10style="color:green;"| +0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Canaries}}"|

| align="left"| New Canaries–Canarian Centre (NC–CCN)

| 65,248

0.09New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–The Ecologist Alternative (EV–AE)

| 58,725

0.08style="color:red;"| –0.20

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens of Europe (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens of Europe (LVdE)6

| 50,067

0.07style="color:green;"| +0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unity for the Isles}}"|

| align="left"| Unity for the Isles (UIB)7

| 45,972

0.07style="color:red;"| –0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Catalan Republican Party}}"|

| align="left"| Catalan Republican Party (RC)

| 44,394

0.06New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Traditionalist Communion}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC)

| 44,050

0.06style="color:green;"| +0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Española de las JONS (1976)}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)

| 42,112

0.06±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Family and Life Party}}"|

| align="left"| Family and Life Party (PFyV)

| 41,599

0.06style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Humanist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Humanist Party (PH)

| 38,437

0.06style="color:red;"| –0.06

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|The Greens–Green Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV)

| 33,776

0.05style="color:green;"| +0.04

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Social Democratic Party (PSD)

| 31,703

0.05New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)

| 28,197

0.04style="color:red;"| –0.04

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left of the Valencian Country}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left of the Valencian Country (esquerra–PV)

| 28,089

0.04style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of Almería}}"|

| align="left"| Party of Almería (PdeAL)

| 27,651

0.04New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|PSOE–Eivissa pel Canvi}}"|

| align="left"| PSOE–Ibiza for Change (PSOE–ExC)8

| 26,513

0.04style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Democracy (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Democracy (DN)

| 25,140

0.04style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Carlist Party (1970)}}"|

| align="left"| Carlist Party (PC)

| 23,685

0.03style="color:green;"| +0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)

| 23,531

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Pensioners in Action Party}}"|

| align="left"| Pensioners in Action Party (PDLPEA)

| 22,141

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Commoners' Land}}"|

| align="left"| Commoners' Land (TC)

| 21,995

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.03

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Alternative (AES)

| 21,570

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Leonese People's Union}}"|

| align="left"| Leonese People's Union (UPL)

| 21,227

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.05

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Pacte Progressista}}"|

| align="left"| PSOE–Left of Menorca–PSM–Greens (PSOE–EU–PSM–Verds)9

| 21,023

0.03±0.00

| 1

style="color:green;"| +1
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nation and Revolution}}"|

| align="left"| Nation and Revolution (NyR)

| 19,044

0.03New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Republican Left (Spain, 1977)}}"|

| align="left"| Republican Left (IR)

| 19,005

0.03style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spain 2000}}"|

| align="left"| Spain 2000 (E–2000)

| 17,897

0.03style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Extremadura}}"|

| align="left"| United Extremadura (EU)

| 15,110

0.02style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|National Alliance (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| National Alliance (AN)

| 13,113

0.02style="color:green;"| +0.02

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Blank Seats}}"|

| align="left"| Unsubmissive Seats–Alternative of Discontented Democrats (Ei–ADD)

| 12,149

0.02style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Alternative in Blank (ABLA)

| 11,974

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Riojan Party}}"|

| align="left"| Riojan Party (PR)

| 10,482

0.02New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Front}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Front (Frente)

| 10,418

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Coalition (CVa)

| 10,330

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Democratic Centre}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Democratic Centre (CDL)

| 10,057

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Engine and Sports Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD)

| 9,438

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Cannabis Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Navarrese Cannabis Representation (RCN/NOK)

| 8,234

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.07

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Internationalist Struggle}}"|

| align="left"| Internationalist Struggle (LI (LIT–CI))

| 8,224

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Valencian Nationalist Option}}"|

| align="left"| Valencian Nationalist Option (ONV)

| 7,159

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Non-Smokers' Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Non-Smokers' Party (PNF)

| 7,000

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="black"|

| align="left"| Party for Catalonia (PxCat)

| 6,805

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Catholic Movement}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Catholic Movement (MCE)

| 6,234

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falange Auténtica}}"|

| align="left"| Authentic Phalanx (FA)

| 5,213

0.01style="color:red;"| –0.02

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Commoners (comuner@s)

| 5,149

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Canarian Nationalist Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| Canarian Nationalist Alternative (ANC)

| 4,988

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Andecha Astur}}"|

| align="left"| Andecha Astur (AA)

| 4,964

0.01±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL)

| 4,851

0.01±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Democratic Centre}}"|

| align="left"| Spanish Democratic Centre (CDEs)

| 4,522

0.01New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Citizen Union for Democracy (UCiD)

| 3,999

0.01New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Natural Culture}}"|

| align="left"| Natural Culture (CN)

| 3,687

0.01style="color:green;"| +0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Union for Leganés}}"|

| align="left"| Union for Leganés (ULEG)

| 3,096

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Yuntar Action (AY)

| 3,000

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.10

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unidá}}"|

| align="left"| Unity (Unidá)

| 2,962

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Citizens' Group (AGRUCI)

| 2,806

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Unity of Castile and León}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)

| 2,563

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| The Republic (La República)

| 2,517

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens for Blank Votes}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)

| 2,507

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.05

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unity of the People}}"|

| align="left"| Unity of the People (UP)

| 2,350

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Action for Justice (AXJ)

| 2,223

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Kingdom of Valencia Identity}}"|

| align="left"| Kingdom of Valencia Identity (IRV)

| 2,087

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragon United Citizens Party}}"|

| align="left"| Aragon United Citizens Party (pCUA)

| 1,615

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| For the Valencian Republic (plRV)

| 1,485

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Party of El Bierzo}}"|

| align="left"| People of El Bierzo (PB–UB)

| 1,417

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Socialist Party of the People of Ceuta}}"|

| align="left"| Socialist Party of the People of Ceuta (PSPC)

| 1,323

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Merindades of Castile Initiative}}"|

| align="left"| Merindades of Castile Initiative (IMC)

| 1,311

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Electronic Voting Assembly}}"|

| align="left"| Electronic Voting Assembly (AVE)

| 1,273

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Cantabrian Party (Cántabro)

| 1,189

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent Alternative of Galicia}}"|

| align="left" | Independent Alternative of Galicia (AIdG)

| 1,150

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Castilian Unity}}"|

| align="left"| Castilian Unity (UdCa)

| 942

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Aragonese Land}}"|

| align="left"| Aragonese Land (TA)

| 928

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Asturian Democratic Convergence}}"|

| align="left"| Asturian Democratic Convergence (CDAS)

| 925

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|25 May Citizens' Alternative}}"|

| align="left"| 25 May Citizens' Alternative (AC25M)

| 773

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.01

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Civil Liberties Party}}"|

| align="left"| Civil Liberties Party (PLCI)

| 712

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Islander Party of the Balearic Islands}}"|

| align="left"| Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)

| 683

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Regionalist Party of Guadalajara}}"|

| align="left"| Regionalist Party of Guadalajara (PRGU)

| 656

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Movement for the Unity of the Canarian People}}"|

| align="left"| Movement for the Unity of the Canarian People (MUPC)

| 639

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Christian Positivist Party (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Christian Positivist Party (PPCr)

| 638

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Galician Identity}}"|

| align="left"| Galician Identity (IG)

| 590

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens' Union–Independent Progressives of Canaries}}"|

| align="left"| Citizens' Union–Independent Progressives of Canaries (UC–PIC)

| 494

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Progress Party of Castile and León Cities}}"|

| align="left"| Progress Party of Castile and León Cities (PPCCAL)

| 484

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Spanish Democratic Front (FDE)

| 459

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Alternative Island}}"|

| align="left"| Alternative Island (ISAL)

| 449

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Workers for Democracy Coalition}}"|

| align="left"| Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)

| 403

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Republican Castile (CARE)

| 400

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Burgalese Citizen Initiative}}"|

| align="left"| Burgalese Citizen Initiative (ICBur)

| 379

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)

| 341

0.00style="color:red;"| –0.13

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independents for Cuenca}}"|

| align="left"| Independents for Cuenca (ixC)

| 309

0.00New

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Liberal Centrist Union (Spain)}}"|

| align="left"| Liberal Centrist Union (UCL)

| 235

0.00±0.00

| 0

±0
style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Falangist Movement of Spain}}"|

| align="left"| Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE)

| 218

0.00New

| 0

±0
bgcolor="white"|

| align="left"| Justice and Development Party of Spain (PJDE)

| 105

0.00New

| 0

±0
align="left" colspan="2"| Blank ballots{{efn|The percentage of blank ballots is calculated over the official number of valid votes cast, irrespective of the total number of votes shown as a result of adding up the individual results for each party.}}

| 524,750

2.06style="color:red;"| –0.61

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Total

| 69,753,316

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|

| 208

±0
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="2"| Valid votes

| 25,527,940

97.71style="color:green;"| +0.62

| bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2" rowspan="5"|

align="left" colspan="2"| Invalid votes

| 597,299

2.29style="color:red;"| –0.62
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Votes cast / turnout

| 26,125,239

74.49style="color:red;"| –1.26
align="left" colspan="2"| Abstentions

| 8,947,940

25.51style="color:green;"| +1.26
style="font-weight:bold;"

| align="left" colspan="2"| Registered voters

| 35,073,179

bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|
colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
align="left" colspan="7"| Sources{{cite web |url=https://www.historiaelectoral.com/e2008comp.html#s |title=Elecciones al Senado 2008 |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=24 September 2017}}
colspan="7" style="text-align:left; max-width:790px;"| {{hidden|ta1=left|title=Footnotes:|content={{ubl

| 1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party results are compared to Spanish Socialist Workers' Party totals in the 2004 election, not including results in Fuerteventura and Menorca.

| 2 United Left results are compared to United Left totals in the 2004 election, not including results in Menorca.

| 3 Canarian Coalition–Canarian Nationalist Party results are compared to the combined totals of Canarian Coalition and the Canarian Nationalist Party in the 2004 election.

| 4 Andalusian Coalition results are compared to the combined totals of Andalusian Party and Socialist Party of Andalusia in the 2004 election.

| 5 The Greens results are compared to The Eco-pacifist Greens totals in the 2004 election.

| 6 The Greens of Europe results are compared to The Greens of the Community of Madrid totals in the 2004 election.

| 7 Unity for the Isles results are compared to the combined totals of Progressives for the Balearic Islands and Majorcan Union in Majorca in the 2004 election.

| 8 PSOE–Ibiza for Change results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and Progressives for the Balearic Islands in Ibiza–Formentera in the 2004 election.

| 9 PSOE–Left of Menorca–PSM–Greens results are compared to the combined totals of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party in Menorca, Socialist Party of Menorca–Nationalist Agreement and Left of Menorca in the 2004 election.}}}}

{{bar box

|title=Popular vote

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|PP|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|40.20}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|37.22}}

{{bar percent|ECdP|{{party color|Catalan Agreement of Progress}}|7.57}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|3.49}}

{{bar percent|IU|{{party color|United Left (Spain)}}|2.89}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|1.29}}

{{bar percent|BNG|{{party color|Galician Nationalist Bloc}}|1.04}}

{{bar percent|CC–PNC|{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}|0.43}}

{{bar percent|PSOE–ExC|{{party color|PSOE–Eivissa pel Canvi}}|0.04}}

{{bar percent|Pacte|{{party color|Pacte Progressista}}|0.03}}

{{bar percent|Others|#777777|5.03}}

{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|2.06}}

}}

{{bar box

|title=Seats

|titlebar=#ddd

|width=550px

|barwidth=500px

|bars=

{{bar percent|PP|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|48.56}}

{{bar percent|PSOE|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|41.35}}

{{bar percent|ECdP|{{party color|Catalan Agreement of Progress}}|5.77}}

{{bar percent|CiU|{{party color|Convergence and Union}}|1.92}}

{{bar percent|EAJ/PNV|{{party color|Basque Nationalist Party}}|0.96}}

{{bar percent|CC–PNC|{{party color|Agreement of Nationalist Unity}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|PSOE–ExC|{{party color|PSOE–Eivissa pel Canvi}}|0.48}}

{{bar percent|Pacte|{{party color|Pacte Progressista}}|0.48}}

}}

=Maps=

File:2008 Spanish general election map.svg|Election results by constituency (Congress).

File:2008 Spanish election - Results.svg|Vote winner strength by constituency (Congress).

File:2008 Spanish election - AC results.svg|Vote winner strength by autonomous community (Congress).

Aftermath

=Government formation=

{{See|Second government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
colspan="4" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| Investiture
José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (PSOE)
colspan="2" width="150px"| Ballot →

! 9 April 2008

! 11 April 2008

colspan="2"| Required majority →

| 176 out of 350 {{xmark|15}}

| Simple {{tick|15}}

width="1px" style="background:green;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes

| • PSOE (169) {{small|(168 on 9 Apr)}}

}}

| {{Composition bar|168|350|green|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|169|350|green|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:red;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = No

| • PP (154)

| • ERC (3)

| • UPyD (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|158|350|red|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|158|350|red|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:gray;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions

| • CiU (10)

| • PNV (6)

| • IU–ICV (2)

| • BNG (2)

| • CC (2)

| • NaBai (1)

}}

| {{Composition bar|23|350|gray|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|23|350|gray|width=125px}}

style="color:inherit;background:black;"|

| align="left"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentees

| • PSOE (1) {{small|(on 9 Apr)}}

}}

| {{Composition bar|1|350|black|width=125px}}

| {{Composition bar|0|350|black|width=125px}}

align="left" colspan="4"| Sources{{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/congresovota.html |title=Congreso de los Diputados: Votaciones más importantes |language=es |website=Historia Electoral.com |access-date=28 September 2017}}

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}

  • {{cite act |italics=y |title=Constitución Española |type=Spanish Constitution |date=29 December 1978 |orig-date=version as of 28 August 1992 |reporter=Boletín Oficial del Estado |volume=311 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1978-31229 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229&tn=1&p=19920828 |access-date=27 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|Const. Esp.|1978}}}}
  • {{cite act |italics=y |title=Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General |type=Organic Law |number=5/1985 |date=19 June 1985 |orig-date=version as of 9 October 2007 |reporter=Boletín Oficial del Estado |volume=147 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1985-11672 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1985-11672&tn=1&p=20071009 |access-date=28 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|LOREG|1985}}}}
  • {{cite book |last1=Carreras de Odriozola |first1=Albert |last2=Tafunell Sambola |first2=Xavier |year=2005 |orig-year=1989 |title=Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX |url=http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |language=es |volume=1 |location=Bilbao |publisher=Fundación BBVA |pages=1072–1097 |edition=II |isbn=84-96515-00-1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010950/http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |df=dmy-all}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Spanish elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:General election in Spain, 2008}}

Category:2008 elections in Spain

2008

Category:March 2008 in Spain