Bahrain International Circuit
{{Short description|Motorsport track in Bahrain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox motorsport venue
|Name = Bahrain International Circuit
|Time = UTC+03:00
|Coordinates = {{Coord|26|1|57|N|50|30|38|E|type:landmark_region:BH|display=it}}
|FIAGrade = 1 (5 layouts){{efn|name=Bahrain G1|Bahrain International Circuit's Grade 1 license expired 18 April 2025. It will feature on the 2025 FIA World Endurance Championship calendar and it will have contract for the 2026 Formula One World Championship calendar, so the license will have to be renewed.}}
|Broke_ground = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2002|12}}
|Opened = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2004|03|17}}
|Construction_cost = 56.2 million Dinars ($150 million)
|Architect = Hermann Tilke
|Events = Current:
Formula One
Bahrain Grand Prix (2004–2010, 2012–present)
FIA WEC
8 Hours of Bahrain (2012–2017, 2019–present)
Former:
Gulf 12 Hours (2021)
V8 Supercars
Desert 400 (2006–2008, 2010)
FIA GT (2005)
GP2 Asia (2008–2010)
|Capacity = 70,000
|Layout1 = Grand Prix Circuit (2005–present)
|Length_km = 5.412
|Length_mi = 3.363
|Turns = 15
|Record_time = 1:31.447
|Record_driver = {{flagicon|ESP}} Pedro de la Rosa
|Record_car = McLaren MP4-20
|Record_year = 2005
|Record_class = F1
|Layout2 = Outer Circuit (2005–present)
|Length_km2 = 3.543
|Length_mi2 = 2.202
|Turns2 = 11
|Record_time2 = 0:55.404
|Record_driver2 = {{flagicon|GBR}} George Russell
|Record_car2 = Mercedes W11
|Record_year2 = 2020
|Record_class2 = F1
|Layout3 = Endurance Circuit (2005–present)
|Length_km3 = 6.299
|Length_mi3 = 3.914
|Turns3 = 23
|Record_time3 = 1:58.287
|Record_driver3 = {{flagicon|ESP}} Fernando Alonso
|Record_team3 = Ferrari F10
|Record_year3 = 2010
|Record_class3 = F1
|Layout4 = Paddock Circuit (2004–present)
|Length_km4 = 3.823
|Length_mi4 = 2.375
|Turns4 = 10
|Record_time4 = 1:24.9102
|Record_driver4 = {{flagicon|AUS}} Jason Bright
|Record_car4 = Ford BA Falcon
|Record_year4 = 2006
|Record_class4 = V8 Supercars
|Layout5 = Oasis / Inner Circuit (2004–present)
|Length_km5 = 2.550
|Length_mi5 = 1.584
|Turns5 = 8
|Record_time5 = 1:03.819
|Record_driver5 = {{flagicon|UAE}} Bashar Mardini
|Record_car5 = Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
|Record_year5 = 2017
|Record_class5 = PCC
|Layout6 = Original Grand Prix Circuit (2004)
|Length_km6 = 5.417
|Length_mi6 = 3.366
|Turns6 = 15
|Record_time6 = 1:30.252
|Record_driver6 = {{flagicon|GER}} Michael Schumacher
|Record_car6 = Ferrari F2004
|Record_year6 = 2004
|Record_class6 = F1
}}
The Bahrain International Circuit ({{langx|ar|حلبة البحرين الدولية|Ḥalba al-Baḥrayn ad-Dawliyya}}) is a {{cvt|5.412|km|mi|abbr=on}} motorsport venue opened in 2004 and used for drag racing, GP2 Series (now FIA Formula 2), and the annual Formula One Bahrain Grand Prix. The 2004 Grand Prix was the first held in the Middle East. Beginning in 2006, Australian V8 Supercars raced at the BIC, with the event known as the Desert 400. However, the V8 Supercars did not return for the 2011 V8 Supercar season. 24 Hour endurance races are also hosted at BIC.{{Cite news |title=24 hour Race of Bahrain 15–16 December 2006 |url=http://bahraingp.com.bh/page.aspx?id=52 |access-date=11 September 2009 |date=n.d. |publisher=bahraingp.com.bh }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} The circuit has a FIA Grade 1 license.{{cite web|url=http://www.fia.com/sites/default/files/tableaulicencescircuit.pdf|title=LIST OF FIA LICENSED CIRCUITS|date=6 February 2015|publisher=FIA|access-date=28 May 2015}} The circuit also has multiple layouts.
History
File:Bahrain International Circuit, November 2, 2017 SkySat (cropped).jpg
The construction of the Bahrain circuit was a national objective for Bahrain, initiated by the Crown Prince, Shaikh Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa. The Crown Prince is the Honorary President of the Bahrain Motor Federation. TRL was asked to build the circuit, headed by Patrick Brogan.
Race organizers were worried that the circuit would not be complete in time for the 2004 Bahrain Grand Prix and attempted to cancel the event; however, Formula One supremo Bernie Ecclestone refused this request. In the end, the circuit was not quite fully complete, but was good enough for the grand prix to go ahead.{{Cite web |title=Bahrain 'tried to stop GP' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/3567433.stm |work=BBC News |date=25 March 2004 |access-date= 13 April 2007}}
After the 2004 race and ahead of the 2005 race the track was realigned at turn four, decreasing the circuit's overall length by 5 metres in total.
In {{F1|2007}} the circuit became the first Grand Prix circuit to be awarded the distinguished FIA Institute Centre of Excellence award, given for excellent safety, race marshal, and medical facilities, and for the high standards of technology required to maintain these.{{Cite web |title=Bahrain named Centre of Excellence by FIA |url=http://www.formula1.com/race/news/5942/772.html |publisher=Formula1.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415030500/http://www.formula1.com/race/news/5942/772.html |date=13 April 2007 |archive-date=15 April 2007 |access-date=13 April 2007 |url-status=live}}
At the 2009 Grand Prix, BIC announced a collaboration with {{Not a typo|@bahrain}} to develop land next to the circuit. {{Not a typo|@bahrain}} is part of the Mumtalakat group of companies. {{Not a typo|@bahrain}} will dedicate more than 1 million square meters of business, entertainment and educational space with a value in excess of US$2bn (BHD 850million), making it one of the largest investment projects to take place in Bahrain in the past five years.{{Cite web |title=Jobs 'for generations to come' |url=http://gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=248950 |publisher=gulf-daily-news.com |date=26 April 2009 |access-date=27 August 2009 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170831/http://gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=248950 |url-status=dead }}
In 2011 the circuit was scheduled to be the first GP of the season. However, due to civil unrest in the country the race had to be cancelled in March 2011. On 4 June the FIA announced that the race would be scheduled for 30 October, the original slot for the inaugural Indian Grand Prix, which would be shifted to a season-closing date on 11 December.{{Cite web |title=F1plus: Bahrain Grand Prix reinstated; race will take place on October the 30th |url=http://www.f1plus.com/en/news/item/461-bahrain-grand-prix-reinstated-race-will-take-place-on-october-the-30th |publisher=F1plus.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324194315/http://www.f1plus.com/en/news/item/461-bahrain-grand-prix-reinstated-race-will-take-place-on-october-the-30th |date=4 June 2011 |access-date=4 June 2011 |archive-date=24 March 2012 |url-status=dead}} However, two days later following concerns from teams and other officials, the race organizers officially cancelled the race, choosing to focus their attention on the 2012 running. The 2012 Formula One calendar had the race scheduled for 22 April, the fourth of the season. During pre-season testing for the 2024 Formula 1 season, the second morning session was halted by a red flag and later cancelled as a drain cover in the approach to turn 10 of the circuit had been dislodged by Charles Leclerc's SF-24.
=Construction and design=
File:Sakhir Tower Bahrain International Circuit برج الصخير.jpg
{{stack|File:Sakhir tower at Bahrain International Circuit.jpg|}}
The circuit was designed by German architect Hermann Tilke, the same architect who designed the Sepang International Circuit in Malaysia. The main contractor for the project was Cebarco-WCT.{{Cite web |title=Cybarco takes on $155 million Bahrain F1 circuit |url=http://www.xak.com/main/newsshow.asp?id=17846 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415074156/http://www.xak.com/main/newsshow.asp?id=17846 |publisher=xak.com |date=4 June 2011 |archive-date=15 April 2012 |access-date=4 June 2011 |url-status=dead}} The circuit cost approximately 56.2 million Bahraini Dinars{{cite web |title=Bahrain International Circuit |url=http://www.tradearabia.com/Showrooms/tashowrooms.asp?showroomid%3D9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628112325/http://www.tradearabia.com/showrooms/tashowrooms.asp?Showroomid=9 |archive-date=28 June 2012 |access-date=22 July 2012 |url-status=dead}} (US$150 million) to construct.{{Cite web |title=Bahrain International Circuit Info |url=http://www.bahraingp.com.bh/circuit-info.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103082830/http://www.bahraingp.com.bh/circuit-info.html |publisher=Bahrain International Circuit |archive-date=3 January 2007 |access-date=17 December 2006 |df=dmy-all |url-status= dead}} It has six separate tracks, including a test oval and a drag strip.
The circuit posed a unique problem. Positioned in the middle of a desert, there were worries that sand would blow onto the circuit and disrupt the race. However, organizers were able to keep the sand off the track by spraying an adhesive on the sand around the track.{{Cite web |title=Schumacher admits sand fear |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/3580063.stm |work=BBC News |date=29 March 2004 |access-date=13 April 2007}}
The surface of the track is made of graywacke aggregate, shipped to Bahrain from Bayston Hill quarry in Shropshire, England. The surface material is highly acclaimed by circuit bosses and Formula 1 drivers for the high level of grip it offers. The same aggregate material is used at the Yas Marina Circuit, venue of the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.{{Cite web |title=From Shropshire to Abu Dhabi GP |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/shropshire/hi/people_and_places/newsid_8334000/8334811.stm |publisher=BBC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102151411/http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/shropshire/hi/people_and_places/newsid_8334000/8334811.stm |date=30 October 2009 |archive-date= 2 November 2009 |access-date=30 October 2009 |url-status=live}}
Shortly after the Formula One February 2014 testing, the first corner of the track was renamed after seven-time champion German driver Michael Schumacher in honour of his achievements and also in support after he suffered an almost fatal skiing accident late December 2013.{{cite web |title=Michael Schumacher has Bahrain corner named in his honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/formula1/26406971 |work=BBC |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}
Track layouts
| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%" |
| Grand Prix track
|{{cvt|5.412|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |1 |
| Oasis / Inner track
|{{cvt|2.554|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |1 |
| Outer track
|{{cvt|3.543|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |1 |
| Paddock Circuit
|{{cvt|3.823|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |1 |
| Drag Strip
|{{cvt|1.2|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} |n/a |
| Oval track
|{{cvt|2.500|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |n/a |
| Endurance Circuit
|{{cvt|6.299|km|mi|3|abbr=on}} |1 |
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Grand Prix Layout.svg|"Grand Prix Circuit". Used in F1 in 2004–2009, and since 2012
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Endurance Circuit.svg|"Endurance Circuit". Used in F1 in 2010
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Outer Circuit.svg|"Outer Circuit". Used in F1 in 2020 at the Sakhir Grand Prix{{cite web |title=F1 to use Bahrain's 'outer track' for Sakhir Grand Prix, sub-60s laps expected |url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.f1-to-use-bahrains-high-speed-outer-track-for-sakhir-grand-prix.6niLbb2btc0IrscR1BMpx8.html |website=Formula1.com |date=28 August 2020 |access-date=28 August 2020}}
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Paddock Circuit.svg|"Paddock Circuit"
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Inner Circuit.svg|"Oasis / Inner Circuit"
File:Bahrain International Circuit--Flat Oval.svg|A flat oval
Formula One Grand Prix
{{Main|Bahrain Grand Prix|Sakhir Grand Prix}}
File:Bahrain International Circuit back straight.jpg
The first Bahrain Grand Prix took place on 4 April 2004, making history as the first Formula One Grand Prix to be held in the Middle East. Bahrain fought off fierce competition from elsewhere in the region to stage the race, with Egypt, Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) all hoping for the prestige of hosting a Formula One Grand Prix (the UAE would host a Grand Prix from 2009).
The Bahrain Grand Prix is usually the third race on the Formula One calendar, apart from the 2006 season, when Bahrain swapped places with the traditional opener, the Australian Grand Prix, which was pushed back to avoid a clash with the Commonwealth Games. In {{f1|2009}}, Bahrain was moved to the fourth race. For the {{f1|2010}} season Bahrain was again the pre-season testing and season opener and Formula One cars drove the full {{convert|6.299|km|mi|abbr=on}} "Endurance Circuit" to celebrate F1's 'diamond jubilee'. For 2011 however F1 was set to return to racing on the original layout used between 2004 and 2009.{{cite web |title=Sakhir reverts to old layout for 2011 |url=http://en.espnf1.com/f1/motorsport/story/25978.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220061215/http://en.espnf1.com/f1/motorsport/story/25978.html |work=ESPN UK |archive-date=20 December 2013 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=dead}} The race was postponed and finally cancelled due to protests in the country but F1 returned to the track for the 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix. 2014 saw the track host its first ever Grand Prix under lights, as the race was scheduled as a night race to celebrate the tenth year of Formula 1 at the circuit. Subsequent editions of the race have also been held at night. In 2020 the circuit hosted two Grands Prix, the Bahrain and Sakhir Grands Prix, after the calendar was revised following the COVID-19 pandemic with the latter using the Outer Circuit layout.{{Cite web |title=Formula 1 to return to Turkey as four more races are added to the 2020 F1 calendar |url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.formula-1-to-return-to-turkey-istanbul-park-as-four-more-races-added-to-F1-calendar.2cVIVl0QDr4OiZa7rPt7Zg.html |website=www.formula1.com |language=en |date=25 August 2020 |access-date=22 September 2020}}
Series hosted
The Bahrain International Circuit hosts a number of high-profile series, including the FIA Formula One World Championship, the FIA World Endurance Championship, the FIA Formula 2 Championship, FIA Formula 3 Championship, and Porsche Carrera Cup Middle East.
In the past the circuit has hosted the FIA GT Championship, Speedcar Series, Australian V8 Supercars, GP2 Asia Series, and a one-off Bahrain Superprix involving Formula Three cars, following on from the collapsed Korea Super Prix. The first ever Formula BMW World Final took place in Bahrain.
=Events=
; Current
- January: World Series of Darts Bahrain Darts Masters{{cite web |title=Bahrain Darts Masters |url=https://www.bahraingp.com/blog/events/bahrain-darts-masters/ |work=Bahrain GP |access-date=17 January 2024}}
- April: Formula One Bahrain Grand Prix, FIA Formula 2 Championship Sakhir Formula 2 round, FIA Formula 3 Championship, Porsche Carrera Cup Middle East
- November: FIA World Endurance Championship 8 Hours of Bahrain, Porsche Carrera Cup Middle East
; Former
- Bahrain Superprix (2004)
- Ferrari Challenge Asia-Pacific (2020)
- Ferrari Challenge Europe (2019)
- FIA GT Championship
- Bahrain Supercar 500 (2005)
- FIA GT Nations Cup (2018)
- Formula BMW Asia (2004–2005)
- Formula BMW World Final (2005)
- Formula One
- Sakhir Grand Prix (2020)
- Gulf 12 Hours (2021)
- GP2 Series
- Bahrain GP2 round (2005, 2007, 2012–2015)
- GP2 Asia Series (2008–2010)
- GP3 Series (2015)
- MRF Challenge Formula 2000 Championship (2013–2019)
- Porsche Supercup (2006–2010, 2012)
- Speedcar Series (2008–2009)
- TCR International Series (2016–2017)
- TCR Middle East Series (2017–2018)
- V8 Supercars
- Desert 400 (2006–2008, 2010)
- World Series Formula V8 3.5 (2017)
- World Touring Car Cup
- FIA WTCR Race of Bahrain (2022)
Lap records
As of March 2024, the fastest official race lap records at the Bahrain International Circuit are listed as:{{cite web |title=Bahrain Fastest Lap Comparison |url=https://www.driverdb.com/circuits/fastestlaps/bahrain/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227202551/https://www.driverdb.com/circuits/fastestlaps/bahrain/ |archive-date=27 February 2023 |access-date=3 November 2023 |url-status=dead}}[http://racing.natsoft.com.au/results/#1 Natsoft Race Results]
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Bahrain International Circuit}}
{{Navboxes
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{{GP2 Asia circuits}}
{{GP2 Series circuits}}
{{GP3 Series circuits}}
{{FIA GT circuits}}
{{TCR International Series circuits}}
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Category:Motorsport venues in Bahrain
Category:World Touring Car Championship circuits
Category:Former Supercars Championship circuits
Category:Racing circuits designed by Hermann Tilke