Foreign relations of Georgia
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Politics of Georgia (country)}}Georgia's location, nestled between the Black Sea, Russia, and Turkey, renders it strategically important. It is developing as the gateway from the Black Sea to the Caucasus and the larger Caspian region, but also serves as a buffer between Russia and Turkey. Georgia has a long and tumultuous relationship with Russia, but it is reaching out to its other neighbours and looking to the West in search of alternatives and opportunities. It signed a partnership and cooperation agreement with the European Union, participates in the Partnership for Peace, and encourages foreign investment. France, Germany, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States all have embassies in Tbilisi. Georgia in 2004-2008 sought to become a member of NATO, but did not succeed in the face of strong Russian opposition.{{cite journal | first=Andrei P. | last=Tsygankov | title=The Russia-NATO mistrust: Ethnophobia and the double expansion to contain 'the Russian Bear' | journal=Communist and Post-Communist Studies | volume=46 | issue=1 | year=2013 | pages=179–188| doi=10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.12.015 }}
Georgia is a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the OSCE.
Because of its strategic location, Georgia is in both the Russian and American spheres of influence;{{cite web|last1=Utiashvili|first1=Tamta|title=Why Is a Small State Like Georgia Important for the USA, the EU and Russia?|url=http://www.e-ir.info/2014/06/04/why-is-a-small-state-like-georgia-important-for-the-usa-the-eu-and-russia/|website=e-ir.info/|date=4 June 2014|access-date=21 October 2014}} however, Georgia's relationship with Russia is at its lowest point since 1921 due to Russo-Georgian War. As a result, Georgia broke off diplomatic relations with Russia and has left the Commonwealth of Independent States.{{cite news|last1=Kramer|first1=Andrew|title=Georgia and Russia Cut Diplomatic Ties|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/30/world/europe/30russia.html|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=21 October 2014|date=29 August 2008}}Nana Bolashvili, Andreas Dittmann, Lorenz King, Vazha Neidze (eds.): National Atlas of Georgia, 138 pages, Steiner Verlag, 2018, {{ISBN|978-3-515-12057-9}}
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Georgia maintains diplomatic relations with:
class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="3" |File:Diplomatic relations of Georgia.svg |
#
!Country |
---|
1
|{{flag|New Zealand}} |{{dts|11 March 1992}} |
2
|{{flag|United States}} |{{dts|24 March 1992}} |
3
|{{flag|Austria}} |{{dts|25 March 1992}} |
4
|{{flag|Germany}} |{{dts|13 April 1992}} |
5
|{{flag|Cuba}} |{{dts|18 April 1992}} |
6
|{{flag|Greece}} |{{dts|20 April 1992}} |
7
|{{flag|Netherlands}} |{{dts|22 April 1992}} |
—
|{{flag|State of Palestine}} |
8
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} |{{dts|27 April 1992}} |
9
|{{flag|Poland}} |{{dts|28 April 1992}} |
10
|{{flag|Egypt}} |{{dts|11 May 1992}} |
11
|{{flag|Italy}} |{{dts|11 May 1992}} |
12
|{{flag|Mongolia}} |{{dts|12 May 1992}} |
13
|{{flag|Hungary}} |{{dts|14 May 1992}} |
14
|{{flag|Iran}} |{{dts|15 May 1992}} |
15
|{{flag|Turkey}} |{{dts|21 May 1992}} |
—
|{{flag|Holy See}} |{{dts|23 May 1992}} |
16
|{{flag|Portugal}} |{{dts|23 May 1992}} |
17
|{{flag|Israel}} |{{dts|1 June 1992}} |
18
|{{flag|Belgium}} |{{dts|5 June 1992}} |
19
|{{flag|Bulgaria}} |{{dts|5 June 1992}} |
20
|{{flag|Norway}} |{{dts|5 June 1992}} |
21
|{{flag|Chile}} |{{dts|8 June 1992}} |
22
|{{flag|Mexico}} |{{dts|8 June 1992}} |
23
|{{flag|China}} |{{dts|9 June 1992}} |
24
|{{flag|Liechtenstein}} |{{dts|10 June 1992}} |
25
|{{flag|Switzerland}} |{{dts|10 June 1992}} |
26
|{{flag|Armenia}} |{{dts|17 June 1992}} |
27
|{{flag|Estonia}} |{{dts|17 June 1992}} |
28
|{{flag|Moldova}} |{{dts|25 June 1992}} |
29
|{{flag|Romania}} |{{dts|25 June 1992}} |
30
|{{flag|Vietnam}} |{{dts|30 June 1992}} |
31
|{{flag|Denmark}} |{{dts|1 July 1992}} |
style="background:#D3D3D3"
|— |{{flag|Russia}} (suspended) |{{dts|1 July 1992}}{{cite web|title=Relations between Georgia and Russia|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=351&lang_id=ENG|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia)|access-date=11 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716153559/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=351&lang_id=ENG|archive-date=16 July 2011|url-status=dead}} |
32
|{{flag|Finland}} |{{dts|8 July 1992}} |
33
|{{flag|Cyprus}} |{{dts|9 July 1992}} |
34
|{{flag|Spain}} |{{dts|9 July 1992}} |
35
|{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} |{{dts|10 July 1992}} |
36
|{{flag|Australia}} |{{dts|16 July 1992}} |
37
|{{flag|Turkmenistan}} |{{dts|16 July 1992}} |
38
|{{flag|Thailand}} |{{dts|21 July 1992}} |
39
|{{flag|Ukraine}} |{{dts|22 July 1992}} |
40
|{{flag|Canada}} |{{dts|23 July 1992}} |
41
|{{flag|Kazakhstan}} |{{dts|24 July 1992}} |
42
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}} |{{dts|24 July 1992}} |
43
|{{flag|Morocco}} |{{dts|30 July 1992}} |
44
|{{flag|Japan}} |{{dts|3 August 1992}} |
45
|{{flag|France}} |{{dts|21 August 1992}} |
46
|{{flag|Bangladesh}} |{{dts|27 August 1992}} |
47
|{{flag|Kuwait}} |{{dts|3 September 1992}} |
48
|{{flag|Sweden}} |{{dts|19 September 1992}} |
49
|{{flag|Iceland}} |{{dts|21 September 1992}} |
50
|{{flag|Philippines}} |{{dts|21 September 1992}} |
51
|{{flag|India}} |{{dts|28 September 1992}} |
52
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}} |{{dts|20 October 1992}} |
53
|{{flag|Argentina}} |{{dts|2 November 1992}} |
54
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}} |{{dts|8 November 1992}} |
55
|{{flag|Ghana}} |{{dts|4 December 1992}} |
56
|{{flag|South Korea}} |{{dts|14 December 1992}} |
57
|{{flag|Czech Republic}} |{{dts|1 January 1993}} |
58
|{{flag|Slovakia}} |{{dts|1 January 1993}} |
59
|{{flag|Indonesia}} |{{dts|25 January 1993}} |
60
|{{flag|Slovenia}} |{{dts|28 January 1993}} |
61
|{{flag|Croatia}} |{{dts|1 February 1993}} |
62
|{{flag|Malta}} |{{dts|1 February 1993}} |
63
|{{flag|Monaco}} |{{dts|1 February 1993}} |
64
|{{flag|Singapore}} |{{dts|26 February 1993}} |
65
|{{flag|Sudan}} |{{dts|10 March 1993}} |
66
|{{flag|Latvia}} |{{dts|11 March 1993}} |
67
|{{flag|Qatar}} |{{dts|16 March 1993}} |
68
|{{flag|Burundi}} |{{dts|21 March 1993}} |
69
|{{flag|Lebanon}} |{{dts|1 April 1993}} |
70
|{{flag|South Africa}} |{{dts|23 April 1993}} |
71
|{{flag|Brazil}} |{{dts|28 April 1993}} |
72
|{{flag|Malaysia}} |{{dts|7 May 1993}}{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations between Georgia and Malaysia |url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=329&lang_id=ENG |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116053047/http://mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=329&lang_id=ENG |archive-date=16 November 2011 |access-date=12 July 2011 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia)}} |
73
|{{flag|Bahrain}} |{{dts|10 May 1993}} |
style="background:#D3D3D3"
|— |{{flag|Syria}} (broken) |{{dts|18 May 1993}}{{cite web|title=Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Syrian Arab Republic|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/ForeignPolicy/BilateralRelations/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90.aspx|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia)|access-date=16 April 2019|archive-date=12 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612054751/http://mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/ForeignPolicy/BilateralRelations/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90.aspx|url-status=dead}} |
74
|{{flag|Algeria}} |{{dts|27 May 1993}} |
75
|{{flag|Ethiopia}} |{{dts|29 June 1993}} |
76
|{{flag|Albania}} |{{dts|8 July 1993}} |
77
|{{flag|Zambia}} |{{dts|14 October 1993}} |
78
|{{flag|Belarus}} |{{dts|6 January 1994}} |
79
|{{flag|Jordan}} |{{dts|6 April 1994}} |
80
|{{flag|Libya}} |{{Date table sorting|10 May 1994}} |
81
|{{flag|Uruguay}} |{{Date table sorting|11 May 1994}}{{Cite news |date=20 August 2021 |title=Uruguay, Georgia discuss signing free trade agreement |url=https://en.trend.az/business/economy/3472032.html |access-date=3 May 2022}} |
82
|{{flag|Pakistan}} |{{dts|12 May 1994}} |
83
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} |{{dts|27 May 1994}} |
84
|{{flag|Afghanistan|2013}} |{{dts|12 July 1994}} |
85
|{{flag|Tajikistan}} |{{dts|4 August 1994}} |
86
|{{flag|Uzbekistan}} |{{dts|19 August 1994}} |
style="background:#D3D3D3"
|— |{{flag|Nicaragua}} (suspended) |
87
|{{flag|Lithuania}} |{{dts|16 September 1994}} |
88
|{{flag|Luxembourg}} |{{dts|17 October 1994}} |
89
|{{flag|North Korea}} |{{dts|3 November 1994}} |
90
|{{flag|Cambodia}} |{{dts|17 November 1994}} |
91
|{{flag|Serbia}} |{{dts|26 June 1995}} |
92
|{{flag|Yemen}} |{{dts|5 September 1995}} |
93
|{{flag|Ivory Coast}} |{{dts|21 December 1995}} |
94
|{{flag|Tunisia}} |{{dts|7 March 1996}} |
95
|{{flag|Jamaica}} |{{dts|31 July 1996}} |
96
|{{flag|Ireland}} |{{dts|12 September 1996}} |
97
|{{flag|Mozambique}} |{{dts|13 September 1996}} |
98
|{{flag|San Marino}} |{{dts|19 November 1996}} |
99
|{{flag|Angola}} |{{dts|10 March 1997}} |
100
|{{flag|Sierra Leone}} |{{dts|7 April 1997}} |
101
|{{flag|Colombia}} |{{dts|6 June 1997}} |
102
|{{flag|Ecuador}} |{{dts|28 January 1998}} |
103
|{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} |{{dts|16 March 1998}} |
104
|{{flag|Costa Rica}} |{{dts|5 May 1998}} |
105
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}} |{{dts|16 June 1998}} |
—
|{{flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}} |{{dts|24 July 1998}} |
106
|{{flag|Guinea}} |{{dts|31 July 1998}} |
107
|{{flag|Laos}} |{{dts|6 November 1998}} |
108
|{{flag|Panama}} |{{dts|18 November 1998}} |
109
|{{flag|Bolivia}} |{{dts|20 November 1998}} |
110
|{{flag|El Salvador}} |{{dts|17 May 1999}} |
111
|{{flag|Myanmar}} |{{dts|16 August 1999}} |
112
|{{flag|Nigeria}} |{{dts|June 2000}} |
113
|{{flag|Djibouti}} |{{dts|22 November 2000}} |
114
|{{flag|Nepal}} |
115
|{{flag|Andorra}} |{{dts|5 April 2006}} |
116
|{{flag|Oman}} |{{dts|1 January 2007}} |
117
|{{flag|Madagascar}} |{{dts|24 May 2007}} |
118
|{{flag|Iraq}} |{{dts|18 September 2007}} |
119
|{{flag|Montenegro}} |{{dts|29 October 2007}} |
120
|{{flag|Peru}} |{{dts|14 January 2010}} |
121
|{{flag|Botswana}} |{{dts|15 January 2010}} |
122
|{{flag|Cape Verde}} |{{dts|22 January 2010}} |
123
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}} |{{dts|22 January 2010}} |
124
|{{flag|Marshall Islands}} |{{dts|18 February 2010}} |
125
|{{flag|Saint Lucia}} |{{dts|25 February 2010}} |
126
|{{flag|Brunei}} |{{dts|1 March 2010}} |
127
|{{flag|Liberia}} |
128
|{{flag|Paraguay}} |{{dts|9 March 2010}} |
129
|{{flag|Maldives}} |{{dts|11 March 2010}} |
130
|{{flag|Samoa}} |{{dts|12 March 2010}} |
131
|{{flag|Comoros}} |{{dts|26 March 2010}} |
132
|{{flag|Fiji}} |{{dts|29 March 2010}} |
133
|{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}} |{{dts|7 April 2010}} |
134
|{{flag|Gambia}} |{{dts|21 April 2010}} |
135
|{{flag|Guatemala}} |{{dts|27 April 2010}} |
136
|{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} |{{dts|22 June 2010}} |
137
|{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}} |{{dts|23 June 2010}} |
138
|{{flag|Kenya}} |{{dts|2 July 2010}} |
139
|{{flag|Senegal}} |{{dts|19 August 2010}} |
140
|{{flag|Uganda}} |{{dts|9 December 2010}} |
141
|{{flag|Dominica}} |{{dts|15 December 2010}} |
142
|{{flag|Central African Republic}} |
143
|{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} |{{dts|14 January 2011}} |
144
|{{flag|Somalia}} |{{dts|26 January 2011}} |
145
|{{flag|Tuvalu}} |
146
|{{flag|Mauritius}} |{{dts|3 March 2011}} |
147
|{{flag|Republic of the Congo}} |{{dts|3 March 2011}} |
148
|{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}} |{{dts|9 March 2011}} |
149
|{{flag|Honduras}} |{{dts|9 March 2011}} |
150
|{{flag|Solomon Islands}} |{{dts|11 March 2011}} |
151
|{{flag|Rwanda}} |{{dts|23 March 2011}} |
152
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} |{{dts|8 April 2011}} |
153
|{{flag|Bahamas}} |{{dts|13 May 2011}} |
154
|{{flag|Suriname}} |{{dts|27 May 2011}} |
155
|{{flag|Mauritania}} |{{dts|16 June 2011}} |
156
|{{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}} |{{dts|12 August 2011}} |
157
|{{flag|Gabon}} |{{dts|19 September 2011}} |
158
|{{flag|Malawi}} |{{dts|19 September 2011}} |
159
|{{flag|Palau}} |
160
|{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} |{{dts|26 October 2011}} |
161
|{{flag|Grenada}} |{{dts|23 November 2011}} |
162
|{{flag|Haiti}} |{{dts|16 December 2011}} |
163
|{{flag|Timor-Leste}} |
164
|{{flag|Eritrea}} |{{dts|24 February 2012}} |
165
|{{flag|Guyana}} |{{dts|23 April 2012}} |
166
|{{flag|Niger}} |
167
|{{flag|Mali}} |
168
|{{flag|South Sudan}} |{{dts|15 June 2012}} |
169
|{{flag|Kiribati}} |{{dts|28 September 2012}} |
170
|{{flag|Burkina Faso}} |
171
|{{flag|Seychelles}} |{{dts|15 March 2013}} |
172
|{{flag|Vanuatu}} |{{dts|12 July 2013}} |
173
|{{flag|Lesotho}} |{{dts|23 September 2013}} |
174
|{{flag|Cameroon}} |{{dts|26 September 2013}} |
175
|{{flag|Togo}} |{{dts|27 May 2014}} |
176
|{{flag|Chad}} |{{dts|19 June 2014}} |
177
|{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}} |
178
|{{flag|Benin}} |
179
|{{flag|Tonga}} |
180
|{{flag|Namibia}} |
181
|{{flag|Eswatini}} |
182
|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} |
183
|{{flag|Belize}} |{{dts|1 October 2017}} |
184
|{{flag|Barbados}} |
185
|{{flag|Tanzania}} |
186
|{{flag|North Macedonia}} |
Relations by country
=Multilateral=
class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
!width="15%"| Organization !width="12%"| Formal Relations Began !Notes | |
-valign="top"
|{{Flag|European Union}} |
|See Georgia–European Union relations and Accession of Georgia to the European Union |
-valign="top"
|{{Flag|NATO}} |
| See Georgia–NATO relations |
=Africa=
class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
!width="15%"| Country !width="12%"| Formal Relations Began !Notes | ||
-valign="top"
|{{flag|Algeria}} | {{dts|format=dmy|1993|05|27}} | See Algeria–Georgia relations |
-valign="top"
|{{flag|Egypt}} | {{dts|format=dmy|1992|5|11}}{{cite web|title=Relations Between Georgia and the Arab Republic of Egypt|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=288&lang_id=ENG|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia)|access-date=12 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905041117/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=288&lang_id=ENG|archive-date=5 September 2011|url-status=dead}}
| |
-valign="top"
|{{flag|South Africa}} | {{dts|1994|4|23|format=dmy}}
|See Georgia–South Africa relations
|
=Americas=
=Asia=
===Europe===
{{further|Accession of Georgia to the European Union|Georgia–European Union relations}}
=Oceania=
Overview
Georgia has established relations with 186 countries and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Georgia has terminated its diplomatic relations with Russia, Nicaragua and Syria.
Georgia has not yet established diplomatic relations with:
- Venezuela, Nauru
- Bhutan, Cook Islands, Niue
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and the rest of states with limited recognition.
See also
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia
- List of diplomatic missions in Georgia
- List of diplomatic missions of Georgia
- Accession of Georgia to the European Union
- Georgia–European Union relations
- Georgia–NATO relations
- [http://www.enpi-info.eu/countryeast.php?country=59 EU Neighbourhood Info Centre: Country profile of Georgia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126054157/http://enpi-info.eu/countryeast.php?country=59 |date=26 January 2017 }}
Further reading
- NATO and the South Caucasus. Analyses, Chronicles, Opinion Polls in the [http://www.laender-analysen.de/cad/pdf/CaucasusAnalyticalDigest05.pdf Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 5]
- Edilashvili, Maia: "Foreign Direct Investment Declines in Georgia" in the [http://www.laender-analysen.de/cad/pdf/CaucasusAnalyticalDigest28.pdf Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 28]
Notes
{{Reflist|group=note}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20101125073057/http://mfa.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=61 MFA of Georgia - Bilateral relations]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110504020904/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424081001/http://www.un.int/georgia/ The Permanent Mission of Georgia to the United Nations]
- [https://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unomig United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090111191404/http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=3 Georgia v. Russia Provisional Measures Order] and President Rosalyn Higgins concurring and [http://www.globalarbitrationreview.com/news/article/4862/icj-rules-south-ossetia/ Joint Dissenting Opinion] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20081112023923/http://www.asil.org/ilib081017.cfm ASIL]
{{Foreign relations of Georgia}}
{{Georgia ties}}
{{Foreign relations of Europe}}
{{Asia in topic|Foreign relations of|template=no}}
{{Georgia (country) topics}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Bilateral relations of Georgia (country)