International recognition of Kosovo
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{{Politics of Kosovo}}
International governments are divided on the issue of recognition of the independence of Kosovo from Serbia, which was declared in 2008.{{cite news |title=Kosovo MPs proclaim independence |publisher=BBC News |date=17 February 2008 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7249034.stm}}{{cite news |title=The world's newest state |newspaper=The Economist |date=21 February 2008|url= http://www.economist.com/node/10727947}} The Government of Serbia does not diplomatically recognise Kosovo as a sovereign state,{{cite web|url=https://www.mfa-ks.net/en/politika/483/njohjet-ndrkombtare-t-republiks-s-kosovs/483|title=International recognitions of the Republic of Kosovo|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|accessdate=6 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515153650/https://www.mfa-ks.net/en/politika/483/njohjet-ndrkombtare-t-republiks-s-kosovs/483|archive-date=15 May 2021|url-status=live}} although the two countries have enjoyed normalised economic relations since 2020 and have agreed not to try to interfere with the other's accession to the European Union.
{{As of|{{Numrec/Kos|Y}}|{{Numrec/Kos|M}}|{{Numrec/Kos|D}}}}, {{#expr:{{Numrec/Kos|N}}-{{Numrec/Kos|W}}}} out of {{UNnum}} ({{Pct |{{#expr:{{Numrec/Kos|N}}-{{Numrec/Kos|W}}}}| {{UNnum}} | 1}}) United Nations member states, 22 out of 27 ({{Pct | 22| 27 | 1}}) European Union member states, 28 out of 32 ({{Pct | 28 | 32 | 1}}) NATO member states and 36 out of 57 ({{Pct | 36 | 57 | 1}}) Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states have recognised Kosovo.{{Cite web |title=Lista e Njohjeve |url=https://mfa-ks.net/lista-e-njohjeve/ |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=MPJD {{!}} MFAD |language=en-US}} In total, Kosovo has received 116https://www.cna.al/english/kosova-bota/sudani-njeh-pavaresine-e-republikes-se-kosoves-i427295 diplomatic recognitions by UN member states, however conflicts have arisen regarding the exact number of countries recognising Kosovo. Kosovo claims that the number of countries recognising its independence is 119, https://www.alfapress.al/english/kosova-bota/njohja-nga-sudani-mpj-e-kosoves-serbia-po-shkel-marreveshjen-e-bruks-i154658 whilst Serbia claims the number is 84, stating that some countries have withdrawn recognition. https://www.vesti.rs/Kosovo/Pristina-se-zabrojala-Kenija-84-a-ne-118-zemlja-koja-je-priznala-Kosovo.html Third party sources give the number of recognising countries as around 110. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/kenya-recognises-kosovo-independent-state-first-such-move-five-years-2025-03-26/ https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2023/2/17/mapping-the-countries-that-recognise-kosovo-as-a-state-2 https://www.rferl.org/amp/spain-kosovo-serbia-recognition-palestine-israel/32967388.html
Among the G20 countries, eleven (including all seven G7 countries) have recognised Kosovo as an independent state: Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Eight (including all five founding BRICS countries), however, have not: Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa.
In 2013, the two sides began to normalise relations in accordance with the Brussels Agreement. In September 2020, Serbia and Kosovo agreed to normalise economic ties.{{cite web|last=Riechmann|first=Deb|url=https://apnews.com/3b7aca39c6829655d43de30f68497ed1|title=Serbia, Kosovo normalize economic ties, gesture to Israel|agency=Associated Press|date=4 September 2020}}[https://www.timesofisrael.com/serbia-to-move-embassy-to-jerusalem-mostly-muslim-kosovo-to-recognize-israel/ Serbia to move embassy to Jerusalem; mostly Muslim Kosovo to recognize Israel], The Times of Israel, 9 April 2020 Serbia also agreed to suspend its efforts to encourage other states to either not recognise Kosovo or to revoke recognition for one year, while Kosovo agreed to not apply for new membership of international organisations for the same period.{{Cite web|url=https://exit.al/en/2020/09/04/kosovo-and-serbia-signed-separate-pledges-not-an-agreement/|title=Kosovo and Serbia Signed Separate Pledges, Not an Agreement|date=4 September 2020|access-date=30 January 2023|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125215919/https://exit.al/en/2020/09/04/kosovo-and-serbia-signed-separate-pledges-not-an-agreement/|url-status=dead}} In February 2023, Serbia and Kosovo agreed to a proposed normalisation agreement in European Union mediated dialogue and through further negotiations accepted a roadmap and timescale for its implementation the following month. Under the terms of the agreement, Serbia committed to not oppose the membership of Kosovo in international organisations and recognised Kosovo's national symbols and official documents including passports, diplomas, vehicle registration plates, and customs stamps.
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Background
{{Further|Foreign relations of Kosovo|Kosovo independence precedent}}
A number of states expressed concern over the unilateral character of Kosovo's declaration, or explicitly announced that they would not recognise an independent Kosovo. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) remains divided on this issue: of its five members with veto power, three (France, the United Kingdom, and the United States) have recognised the declaration of independence, while the People's Republic of China has expressed concern, urging the continuation of the previous negotiation framework. The Russian Federation (which has close ties with Serbia[https://www.politico.eu/article/serbian-president-aleksandar-vucic-turns-to-russia-amid-rising-tensions-with-kosovo/ "Serbian president turns to Russia amid rising tensions with Kosovo after monastery gun battle,"] 25 September 2023, Politico retrieved 2 October 2023) has rejected the declaration and considers it illegal,[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/feb/15/russia.kosovo Kosovo breakaway illegal, says Putin], The Guardian, 15 February 2008. and does not recognise Kosovo's independence.
In May 2008, Russia, China, and India released a joint statement calling for new negotiations between Belgrade and Pristina.[https://web.archive.org/web/20080707040459/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-05/15/content_8179173.htm Russia, India, China urge resumption of Kosovo talks], Xinhua, 15 May 2008.{{better source needed|date=October 2023}}
Although EU member states individually decide whether to recognise Kosovo, by consensus the EU has commissioned the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo (EULEX) to ensure peace and continued external oversight. Due to the dispute in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), the reconfiguration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) and partial handover to the EULEX mission met with difficulties. In spite of Russian and Serbian protests, the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon proceeded with the reconfiguration plan. On 15 July 2008, he stated: "In the light of the fact that the Security Council is unable to provide guidance, I have instructed my Special Representative to move forward with the reconfiguration of UNMIK ... in order to adapt UNMIK to a changed reality." According to the Secretary-General, the "United Nations has maintained a position of strict neutrality on the question of Kosovo's status".[https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N08/412/84/IMG/N0841284.pdf?OpenElement Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo], 15 July 2008 (S/2008/458), United Nations, 18 July 2008.
On 26 November 2008, the UNSC gave the green light to the deployment of the EULEX mission in Kosovo. The EU mission is to assume police, justice, and customs duties from the UN, while operating under the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 (UNSCR 1244) that first placed Kosovo under UN administration in 1999.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111134336/http://uk.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUKTRE4AP9JU20081127?sp=true U.N. council clears way for EU mission in Kosovo], Reuters UK, 27 November 2008.
{{Image frame
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A United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution adopted on 8 October 2008 backed the request of Serbia to seek an International Court of Justice advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence.[https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/ga10764.doc.htm Backing Request by Serbia, General Assembly Decides to Seek International Court of Justice Ruling on Legality of Kosovo's Independence], United Nations, 8 October 2008. On 22 July 2010, the ICJ ruled that the declaration of independence of Kosovo did not violate international law "because international law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence", and that its authors were not bound by the Constitutional Framework (promulgated by UNMIK) or by UNSCR 1244, that is addressed only to United Nations Member States and organs of the United Nations.[https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/141/141-20100722-ADV-01-00-EN.pdf Accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo, Advisory Opinion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924140658/https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/141/141-20100722-ADV-01-00-EN.pdf |date=24 September 2020 }}, International Court of Justice, I.C.J. Reports 2010, p. 403.{{Cite web|url=https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/141/141-20100722-ADV-01-00-EN.pdf|title=ICJ – Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo}}
Within the EU, key supporters of Kosovo's statehood include France[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/kosovo/ France Diplomacy, Kosovo.] Department of Foreign Affairs of the French Republic. Retrieved 19 May 2020. and Germany.{{Citation|last=Himmrich|first=Julia|title=Germany: From Cautious Recogniser to Kosovo's Key EU Ally|date=2020|work=The Politics of Recognition and Engagement: EU Member State Relations with Kosovo|pages=61–82|editor-last=Armakolas|editor-first=Ioannis|series=New Perspectives on South-East Europe|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-17945-8_4|isbn=9783030179458|s2cid=198827704|editor2-last=Ker-Lindsay|editor2-first=James}} The strongest opponents to Kosovo's statehood within the EU include Spain{{Citation|last=Ferrero-Turrión|first=Ruth|title=Spain: Kosovo's Strongest Opponent in Europe|date=2020|work=The Politics of Recognition and Engagement: EU Member State Relations with Kosovo|pages=215–235|editor-last=Armakolas|editor-first=Ioannis|series=New Perspectives on South-East Europe|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-17945-8_11|isbn=9783030179458|s2cid=198788916|editor2-last=Ker-Lindsay|editor2-first=James}}{{Cite journal|last=Ferrero-Turrión|first=Ruth|date=2020|title=The consequences of state non-recognition: the cases of Spain and Kosovo|journal=European Politics and Society|volume=22|issue=3|pages=347–358|doi=10.1080/23745118.2020.1762958|s2cid=219428259|issn=2374-5118}} and Greece.{{Citation|last=Armakolas|first=Ioannis|title=Greece: Kosovo's Most Engaged Non-recogniser|date=2020|work=The Politics of Recognition and Engagement: EU Member State Relations with Kosovo|pages=123–146|editor-last=Armakolas|editor-first=Ioannis|series=New Perspectives on South-East Europe|publisher=Springer International Publishing|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-17945-8_7|isbn=9783030179458|s2cid=198680021|editor2-last=Ker-Lindsay|editor2-first=James}} The Spanish non-recognition of Kosovo is linked to the Spanish government's opposition to the Basque and Catalan independence movements, while the Greek non-recognition of Kosovo is linked to the Cyprus dispute and Greece's historic relationship to Serbia.
Serbia's reaction
{{Main|Serbia's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|Kosovo–Serbia relations|Belgrade–Pristina negotiations}}
{{See also|2008 protests against Kosovo declaration of independence}}
Due to Serbian claims that Kosovo is part of its sovereign territory, its initial reactions included recalling ambassadors from countries that recognised Kosovo for several months, indicting Kosovar leaders on charges of high treason, and litigating the case at the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Serbia also expelled ambassadors from countries that recognised Kosovo after the UNGA vote adopting Serbia's initiative to seek an ICJ advisory opinion.[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/serbia-expels-macedonia-envoy-over-kosovo Serbia Expels Macedonia Envoy over Kosovo], Balkan Insight, 10 October 2008
In December 2012, as a result of European Union mediated negotiations on Kosovo's status, Serbian Prime Minister Ivica Dačić agreed to appoint a liaison officer to Kosovo.[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/kosovo-and-serbia-liaison-officers-ready-to-start Kosovo, Serbia Liaison Officers to Start Work], Balkan Insight, December 2012 In March 2013, Dačić said that while his government would never recognise Kosovo's independence, "the Serbian president cannot go to Kosovo, nor the prime minister, nor ministers, nor the police or army. Serbs can only leave Kosovo. That's how much Kosovo is ours and what our constitution and laws mean there".[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-serbia-kosovo-idUSBRE9260I520130307 Serbs lied to that "Kosovo is ours:" Serbian PM], Reuters, 7 March 2013
In April 2013, Kosovo and Serbia reached an agreement to normalise relations, and thereby allow both nations to eventually join the European Union.[http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139346/nikolas-k-gvosdev/kosovo-and-serbia-make-a-deal Kosovo and Serbia Make a Deal], Foreign Affairs, 25 April 2013 On 17 June 2013 Kosovo and Serbia exchanged liaison officers.[http://www.balkaneu.com/pristina-belgrade-exchange-ambassadors/ Pristina and Belgrade exchange their "ambassadors"], Independent Balkan News Agency, 17 June 2013
However, the process of normalisation stalled in November 2018, after which Kosovo imposed a 100 percent tax on importing Serbian goods. On 1 April 2020, Kosovo withdrew the tax.{{Cite web|title=Kosovo lifts all tariffs on Serbian, Bosnian goods|url=https://www.dw.com/en/kosovo-lifts-all-tariffs-on-serbian-bosnian-goods/a-52975561|access-date=13 May 2020|website=Deutsche Welle}}
In September 2020, under an agreement brokered by the United States, Serbia and Kosovo agreed to normalise economic ties. Serbia also agreed to suspend its efforts to encourage other states to either not recognise Kosovo or to revoke recognition for one year, while Kosovo agreed to not apply for new membership of international organisations for the same period.
In February 2023, Serbia and Kosovo agreed to a proposed normalisation agreement in European Union mediated dialogue and through further negotiations accepted a roadmap and timescale for its implementation the following month. Under the terms of the agreement, Serbia committed to not oppose the membership of Kosovo in international organisations and recognised Kosovo's national symbols and official documents including passports, diplomas, vehicle registration plates, and customs stamps.{{cite web | url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/media-advisory-belgrade-pristina-dialogue-next-high-level-meeting-saturday-18-march-ohrid_en?s=321 | title=Media advisory – Belgrade-Pristina Dialogue: Next High-level Meeting on Saturday 18 March in Ohrid | EEAS Website }}{{cite tweet |last=Fontelles |first=Josep Borrell |author-link=Josep Borrell Fontelles |user=JosepBorrellF |number=1637219517792174080 |date=18 March 2023 |title=We have a deal Kosovo and Serbia have agreed on the Implementation Annex of the Agreement on the path to normalisation of relations The parties have fully committed to honour all articles of the agreement and implement their respective obligations expediently and in good faith. https://t.co/p3CUBdcd8A |language=en |access-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322161949/https://twitter.com/JosepBorrellF/status/1637219517792174080/ |archive-date=22 March 2023 |url-status=live}}{{cite web | url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/belgrade-pristina-dialogue-statement-high-representative-josep-borrell-after-high-level_en | title=Belgrade-Pristina Dialogue: Statement by High Representative Josep Borrell after High Level Meeting in Ohrid | EEAS Website }}
In December 2023, the head of Serbia's office for Kosovo, Petar Petković, announced that the Serbian Government has made a decision to enable the free movement of all vehicles with Kosovo plates into Serbian territory, starting from 1 January 2024.{{cite web | url=https://www.courthousenews.com/serbia-vows-to-allow-vehicles-with-kosovo-license-plates-to-enter | title=Serbia vows to allow vehicles with Kosovo license plates to enter }}{{cite news | url=https://www.rferl.org/a/serbia-recognizes-kosovo-license-plates-eu-welcomes/32748235.html | title=EU Welcomes Serbia's Decision to Recognize Vehicle License Plates Issued by Kosovo | newspaper=Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty }}
International Court of Justice ruling
{{main|Advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence}}
On 27 March 2008, Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić said Serbia would request the International Court of Justice to review the legality of Kosovo's declaration of independence.
{{cite news
|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/03/27/europe/EU-GEN-Kosovo-World-Court.php
|title=Serbia to seek World Court opinion about Kosovo's declaration of independence
|publisher=International Herald Tribune
|agency=Associated Press
|date=2008-03-27
|archive-date=2008-10-13
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013121938/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/03/27/europe/EU-GEN-Kosovo-World-Court.php
|access-date=2023-01-11
}} On 8 October 2008, the UN General Assembly adopted Serbia's resolution,{{cite web |url=http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2008/10/09/feature-02 |title=UN General Assembly backs Serbia's initiative on Kosovo |publisher=SETimes.com |date=2008-09-10 |last=Jovanovic |first=Igor |access-date=2010-04-28 |archive-date=2013-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701180853/http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2008/10/09/feature-02 }} with 77 votes in favour, 6 votes against and 74 abstentions.
{{cite news
|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7658103.stm
|title=UN seeks World Court Kosovo view
|publisher=BBC
|date=2008-10-08
|access-date=2008-10-08
}} The court delivered its opinion on 22 July 2010; by a vote of 10 to 4, it declared that "the adoption of the declaration of independence of 17 February 2008 did not violate general international law because international law contains no 'prohibition on declarations of independence', nor did the adoption of the declaration of independence violate UN Security Council Resolution 1244, since this did not describe Kosovo's final status, nor had the Security Council reserved for itself the decision on final status.{{Cite web|title=Latest developments {{!}} Accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo {{!}} International Court of Justice|url=https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/141|access-date=2021-07-13|website=icj-cij.org}}{{Cite web|title=ICJ – Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo|url=https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/141/141-20100722-ADV-01-00-EN.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116095341/https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/141/141-20100722-ADV-01-00-EN.pdf |archive-date=16 January 2021 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE66L01720100722|last1=Tanner |first1=Adam |first2=Reed |last2=Stevenson|title=Kosovo independence declaration deemed legal|date=22 July 2010 |agency=Reuters|access-date=2010-08-03}}
Positions taken by UN member states and other entities
According to a 2020 study, states which have stronger ties to the United States are more likely to recognise Kosovo, whereas states with stronger ties to Russia are less likely to recognise Kosovo.{{Cite journal|last1=Siroky|first1=David S|last2=Popovic|first2=Milos|last3=Mirilovic|first3=Nikola|date=16 December 2020|title=Unilateral secession, international recognition, and great power contestation|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343320963382|journal=Journal of Peace Research|volume=58|issue=5|language=en|pages=1049–1067|doi=10.1177/0022343320963382|s2cid=230557207|issn=0022-3433}}
= Countries which have recognised Kosovo as an independent state =
== Member states of the United Nations ==
Same day recognitions are sorted alphabetically by default.
== Non-UN countries ==
= Countries which have recognised Kosovo but have subsequently been reported to have withdrawn recognition =
Some countries have recognised Kosovo but later have been reported to have withdrawn their recognition. These are:
The Serbian Foreign Ministry claimed in March 2020 that a total of 18 countries had withdrawn their recognition: aside from the 8 listed above, Serbia also mentioned: Grenada, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Palau, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Suriname.{{cite web | url=https://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/saznajemo-togo-je-15-zemlja-koja-je-povukla-priznanje-kosovske-nezavisnosti/lg16qsv | title=SAZNAJEMO Togo je 15. zemlja koja je POVUKLA PRIZNANJE kosovske nezavisnosti | publisher=Blic | date=20 August 2019 | access-date=25 August 2019 | language=sr}}{{cite web | url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/9/politika/3733042/brnabic-povlacenje-priznanja-pobeda-politike-srbije.html | title=Brnabić: Povlačenje priznanja pobeda politike Srbije | publisher=RTS | date=11 November 2019 | access-date=12 November 2019}}{{cite web|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia|date=3 March 2020|title=Dačić: "Sijera Leone je 18. država koja je povukla priznanje tzv. Kosova"|language=sr|url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/22340--18-k-sl03032020|access-date=3 March 2020|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111200812/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/22340--18-k-sl03032020|url-status=dead}} In some of those cases, Kosovo's foreign ministry has called it "fake news" and "Serbian propaganda".{{cite web | url=http://rs.n1info.com/Vesti/a542871/Kosovo-negira-da-je-Gana-povukla-priznanje-nezavisnosti.html | title=Kosovo negira da je Gana povukla priznanje nezavisnosti | publisher=N1 | date=11 November 2019 | access-date=12 November 2019 | author=Cimili, Zana | language=sr | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112011632/http://rs.n1info.com/Vesti/a542871/Kosovo-negira-da-je-Gana-povukla-priznanje-nezavisnosti.html | url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=https://balkaneu.com/kosovos-pacolli-serbia-is-spreading-fake-news-on-the-developments-in-kosovo-and-the-region/ |title=Kosovo's Pacolli: Serbia is spreading fake news on the developments in Kosovo and the region |publisher=ibna |date=17 October 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018 |author=Pajaziti, Muhamer |archive-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817165547/https://balkaneu.com/kosovos-pacolli-serbia-is-spreading-fake-news-on-the-developments-in-kosovo-and-the-region/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |url= https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/29307089.html |title=Pacolli: Liberija nije povukla priznanje Kosova |newspaper=Radio Slobodna Evropa |publisher=Radio Free Europe |date= 20 June 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018}}{{cite web | url=https://www.gazetaexpress.com/mpj-ja-eshte-e-parendesishme-cka-thote-daciqi-afrika-qendrore-nuk-e-ka-terhequr-njohjen/ | title=MPJ-ja: Është e parëndësishme çka thotë Daçiqi, Afrika Qendrore nuk e ka tërhequr njohjen | publisher=Gazeta Express | date=27 July 2019 | access-date=27 July 2019 | archive-date=27 July 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727181302/https://www.gazetaexpress.com/mpj-ja-eshte-e-parendesishme-cka-thote-daciqi-afrika-qendrore-nuk-e-ka-terhequr-njohjen/ | url-status=dead }}
Several of these withdrawals have been disputed by Kosovo, whose foreign ministry continues to list the following as countries that recognise the independence of Kosovo:
- Ghana recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo in 2012. Media reports in 2019 claimed that Ghana had withdrawn recognition of Kosovo.{{cite web |website=Ghana Web |date=12 November 2019 |title=Ghana withdraws recognition of Kosovo as independent state |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-withdraws-recognition-of-Kosovo-as-independent-state-798367 |access-date=12 November 2019 |archive-date=22 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222224242/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-withdraws-recognition-of-Kosovo-as-independent-state-798367 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |newspaper=Le Figaro |date=12 November 2019 |title=Le Ghana retire sa reconnaissance d'un Kosovo indépendant |language=fr |url= https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/le-ghana-retire-sa-reconnaissance-d-un-kosovo-independant-20191112 |access-date=12 November 2019}} However, the 2022 Kosovo Diplomatic List states that the Ghanaian embassy in Ankara, Turkey is accredited to the Republic of Kosovo with the Ghanaian ambassador in Ankara being described as "Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary – Non resident in Pristina".{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa-ks.net/assets/cms/uploads/files/2022/Lista%20Diplomatike%202022%20Diplomatic%20List%202022-compressed.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220802134312/https://www.mfa-ks.net/assets/cms/uploads/files/2022/Lista%20Diplomatike%202022%20Diplomatic%20List%202022-compressed.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Archived copy|archivedate=2 August 2022}} On 16 April 2025, the President of Ghana John Mahama, through the secretary of the former President of Kosovo Behgjet Pacolli, confirmed his country's position that the recognition of Kosovo's independence is in line with the values represented by Ghana, and that the earlier reports released by the Serbian state about its withdrawal are untrue.{{cite news |newspaper=Paparaci |date=16 April 2025 |title=Zyberaj nga Akra: Gana s’e ka tërhequr njohjen e Kosovës, lajmet nga Serbia janë të pavërteta |language=sq |url= https://paparaci.com/503198/zyberaj-nga-akra-gana-se-ka-terhequr-njohjen-e-kosoves-lajmet-nga-serbia-jane-te-paverteta/?fbclid=IwY2xjawJsVIZleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHpfvQqXmqH08gj1iUh61sHowgaLYpi_NpwisgVfaEEI4v1vzmY4LJMQansd4_aem_dN0ZlEMbZLwzBkxgFbJfmA |access-date=16 April 2025}}https://rks.news/ghana-reaffirms-recognition-of-kosovo-key-meeting-between-presidential-envoy-and-president-mahama/
- The Comoros recognised the independence of Kosovo in May 2009. In November 2018 it was claimed by Russian and Serbian sources that Comoros had withdrawn recognition of Kosovo following a meeting between its foreign minister and Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov. In February 2021, former President of Kosovo Behgjet Pacolli released a note verbale from the foreign ministry of Comoros stating that Comoros continues to recognise the independence of Kosovo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=255437182611847&set=a.252818096207089|title=Facebook|via=Facebook}}{{Failed verification|date=August 2023}}
- In October 2018, Serbian foreign minister claimed that Lesotho had withdrawn its recognition, however later that month the Prime Minister of Lesotho refuted these claims and confirmed his country still recognized Kosovo and wanted to deepen relations between both countries.{{Cite web|url=https://gazetametro.net/kryeministri-i-lesothos-befason-me-deklaraten-per-terheqjen-e-njohjes-se-kosoves/|title=Kryeministri i Lesothos befason me deklaratën për tërheqjen e njohjes së Kosovës|publisher=Gazeta Metro|date=25 October 2018 |access-date=9 January 2024}} In December 2023, President Vjosa Osmani met King Letsie III of Lesotho, stating they were committed to deepening relations between their countries and working to address global challenges.{{Cite web|url=https://zeri.info/aktuale/516772/osmani-takohet-me-mbretin-dhe-mbretereshen-e-lesotos-ne-dubai/|title=Osmani takon Mbretin dhe Mbretreshën e Lesotos në Dubai|work=Lajmet e fundit – Zëri |publisher=Zëri|date=5 December 2023 |access-date=9 January 2024}}
- Guinea-Bissau withdrew recognition in November 2017, but in 2018 reversed this decision and sent a note verbale to the government of Kosovo stating that the previous note revoking recognition had no effect. Relations between the two countries were again confirmed in January 2023.{{cite tweet |last=Kryeziu |first=Ylber |user=YlberKryeziu |number=1613502403759726594 |date=12 January 2023 |title=Warm reception by my dear colleague, the Ambassador of Guiné-Bissau to Portugal, HE Hélder Vaz Lopes. Reaffirmed the good relationship 🇽🇰 has with 🇬🇼 and which will only continue to grow stronger. https://t.co/2kyCkARLYb |language=en |access-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123232320/https://twitter.com/ylberkryeziu/status/1613502403759726594 |archive-date=23 January 2023 |url-status=live}}
- Just a few days after media reports emerged of its withdrawal of recognition in June 2018, the government of Liberia issued a statement saying that "the Republic of Liberia wishes to refute reports in some international and social media of its revocation of diplomatic relations with the Republic of Kosovo" and stating that such reports were false.{{cite web |url= https://frontpageafricaonline.com/politics/diplomatic-snafu-liberia-in-row-with-kosovo-after-recognition-of-serbia/ |title= Diplomatic Snafu: Liberia in Row With Kosovo After Recognition of Serbia |publisher=FPA | date=24 June 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.mofa.gov.lr/public2/2press.php?news_id=3108&related=7&pg=sp|title=Liberia Reaffirms Bilateral Ties with Kosovo|website=mofa.gov.lr|access-date=13 November 2022|archive-date=24 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224202053/https://www.mofa.gov.lr/public2/2press.php?news_id=3108&related=7&pg=sp|url-status=dead}}
- Suriname recognised the independence of Kosovo on 8 July 2016. On 27 October 2017, the Serbian Foreign Minister at the time, Ivica Dačić, claimed that the recognition was withdrawn on 27 October 2017.{{cite web|url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/ci/story/1/politika/2922887/surinam-povukao-priznanje-kosova.html|title=Суринам повукао признање Косова|first=RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of|last=Serbia}}{{cite web|url=http://wp.caribbeannewsnow.com/2017/11/02/suriname-revokes-kosovo-recognition-heels-russia-visit/|title=Suriname revokes Kosovo recognition on heels of Russia visit|access-date=25 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620231944/https://wp.caribbeannewsnow.com/2017/11/02/suriname-revokes-kosovo-recognition-heels-russia-visit/|archive-date=20 June 2018|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2017&mm=10&dd=31&nav_id=102684|title=South American country revokes recognition of Kosovo – FM|website=B92.net|date=31 October 2017 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/press-service/statements/17134-serbias-gratitude-for-surinames-decision-to-revoke-recognition-of-the-unilaterally-declared-independence-of-kosovo|title=Serbia's gratitude for Suriname's decision to revoke recognition of the unilaterally declared independence of Kosovo|website=mfa.gov.rs|access-date=11 November 2017|archive-date=20 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620181207/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/press-service/statements/17134-serbias-gratitude-for-surinames-decision-to-revoke-recognition-of-the-unilaterally-declared-independence-of-kosovo|url-status=dead}} On 10 June 2022, Kosovo's Foreign Minister Donika Gërvalla-Schwarz met with her Surinamese counterpart Albert Ramdin, where, according to Kosovo, they talked about enhancing the cooperation between the two countries.{{cite tweet |author=MFA Kosova 🇽🇰 |user=MFAKOSOVO |number=1535326782408126464 |date=10 June 2022 |title=DPM/FM @gervallaschwarz met w/Surinamese Foreign Minister Ramdin on the margins of the IX Summit of the Americas in Los Angeles. Both sides agreed to enhance cooperation between 🇽🇰and🇸🇷 in many fields. @MOFASur. https://t.co/y2fVkeaOJf |language=en |access-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105126/https://twitter.com/MFAKOSOVO/status/1535326782408126464 |archive-date=23 September 2022 |url-status=live}} However, during his visit to Belgrade in July 2023, minister Ramdin said that his country supports Serbian territorial integrity.{{Cite web |date=25 July 2023 |title=Orlić: Odlukom da povuče priznanje Kosova, Surinam postao primer za druge zemlje |url=https://www.kosovo-online.com/vesti/politika/orlic-odlukom-da-povuce-priznanje-kosova-surinam-postao-primer-za-druge-zemlje-25-7 |website=Kosovo Online}}
- On 21 January 2019, the Serbian Foreign Ministry claimed that Palau had withdrawn its recognition of Kosovo. However, on 23 September 2022, the President of Kosovo, Vjosa Osmani, met with Palau's Foreign Minister Gustav Aitaro and both sides reconfirmed their bilateral relations and multilateral cooperation.{{cite news |website=Gazetta Express |title=Palau revokes recognition of Kosovo |url= https://www.gazetaexpress.com/en/news/megjithate-zyrtaret-per-informim-e-kane-mohuar-nje-zhvillim-te-tille-174775/ |date=18 January 2019 |access-date=25 January 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174653/https://www.gazetaexpress.com/en/news/megjithate-zyrtaret-per-informim-e-kane-mohuar-nje-zhvillim-te-tille-174775/ |archive-date=19 January 2019 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia |title=Република Палау поништила признање Косова |language=sr |url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/20782-2019-01-21-12-28-27?lang=cyr |date=21 January 2019 |access-date=21 January 2019 |archive-date=14 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414132840/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/sr/index.php/pres-servis/saopstenja/20782-2019-01-21-12-28-27?lang=cyr |url-status=dead }}{{cite tweet |last=Osmani |first=Vjosa |author-link=Vjosa Osmani |user=VjosaOsmaniPRKS |number=1573063731466375171 |date=22 September 2022 |title=Important discussion with Palau's FM Gustav Aitaro, where we reconfirmed our strong bilateral relations & multilateral cooperation. Reiterated Kosovo's unwavering commitment to deepening ties between our countries based on our shared democratic values and interests. 🇽🇰🇵🇼 https://t.co/KXPRasNG1p |language=en |access-date=28 March 2023}} In October 2022, Palau's Vice-President Uduch Sengebau Senior made an official visit to Kosovo, where she met with President Osmani, and the sides confirmed their willingness to further deepen their bilateral relations.{{cite web |url=https://president-ksgov.net/en/news/president-osmani-received-at-a-meeting-the-vice-president-of-palau-j-uduch-sengebau-senior-empowerment-of-women-a-state-and-a-global-agenda |title= President Osmani received at a meeting the Vice President of Palau J. Uduch Sengebau Senior: Empowerment of women a state and a global agenda |publisher=President of the Republic of Kosovo |date=2022-10-22 |accessdate=2022-11-02 }} Kosovo's ambassador in Tokyo, Sabri Kiçmari, presented credentials to the president of Palau, Surangel Whipps Jr., in October 2023, confirming formal diplomatic relations between the two countries.{{cite web | url=https://www.gazetaexpress.com/republika-e-palaut-rikthen-njohjen-sabri-kicmari-akreditohet-si-ambasador-jo-rezident/ | title=Republika e Palaut rikthen njohjen, Sabri Kiçmari akreditohet si ambasador jo rezident | date=20 October 2023 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.koha.net/arberi/396177/pas-pese-vjetesh-rikthehen-marredheniet-me-republiken-e-palauit/ | title=Pas pesë vjetësh rikthehen marrëdhëniet diplomatike me Republikën e Palauit | date=20 October 2023 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.epokaere.com/ambasadori-kicmari-akreditohet-ambasador-jorezident-ne-republiken-e-palau/ | title=Ambasadori Kiçmari akreditohet Ambasador jorezident në Republikën e Palau – Epoka e Re }}
- On 3 March 2020, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia claimed that Sierra Leone had withdrawn its recognition of Kosovo.{{cite web|website=Tanjug|date=3 March 2020|title=Dačić: Sijera Leone povukla priznanje Kosova|language=sr|url=http://www.tanjug.rs/full-view.aspx?izb=539862|access-date=3 March 2020}}{{cite news|newspaper=Prishtina Insight|date=3 March 2020|title=Serbia claims Sierra Leone has withdrawn Kosovo recognition |url= https://prishtinainsight.com/serbia-claims-sierra-leone-has-withdrawn-kosovo-recognition/ |access-date=3 March 2020}} On 11 April 2025, at the Antalya Diplomacy Forum 2025, the President of Kosovo, Vjosa Osmani, met with the President of Sierra Leone Julius Maada Bio. Both leaders expressed their commitment to strengthening bilateral relations and extended invitations to each other for official visits to Kosovo and Sierra Leone.{{cite news|newspaper=Telegrafi|date=11 April 2025|title=Osmani meets the president of Sierra Leone, a country that Serbia claimed has de-recognized Kosovo |url= https://telegrafi.com/en/Osmani-meets-the-president-of-Sierra-Leone--a-country-that-Serbia-claimed-recognized-Kosovo./ |access-date=11 April 2025}} The following day, Sierra Leone's government published a press statement where it confirmed the meeting and referred to Kosovo as the "Republic of Kosovo" and mentioned that the sides "focused on deepening bilateral ties and strengthening diplomatic cooperation between the two nations." {{cite press release |url=https://statehouse.gov.sl/sierra-leones-president-julius-maada-bio-and-president-of-the-republic-of-kosovo-hold-talks-on-strengthening-bilateral-cooperation/ |title=Sierra Leone’s President, Julius Maada Bio And President Of The Republic Of Kosovo, Hold Talks On Strengthening Bilateral Cooperation |publisher=State House Media and Communications Unit of Sierra Leone |date=2025-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250412104031/https://statehouse.gov.sl/sierra-leones-president-julius-maada-bio-and-president-of-the-republic-of-kosovo-hold-talks-on-strengthening-bilateral-cooperation/ |archive-date=2025-04-12 }}
- There were conflicting reports on whether Oman has recognised Kosovo, or de-recognised it.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,629 Republic of Kosovo Established Diplomatic Relations with Sultanate of Oman], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 4 February 2011[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,954 Recognition from the Sultanate of Oman is reconfirmed], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 20 October 2011 In 4 February 2011, Kosovo announced that it received a note from Oman which stated that it "will welcome Kosovo's membership to the United Nations, as well as to other international and regional organizations" and that the countries had established diplomatic relations. However, in September 2011 Kosovo's deputy Foreign Minister Petrit Selimi stated that "Oman never recognised us".{{cite web|url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/serbia-claims-two-nam-countries-revoking-kosovo-recognition|title=Serbia Claims Countries Cancelling Kosovo Recognition|date=9 September 2011|access-date=14 July 2018}} Later that month, Kosovo's Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that Oman's Foreign Minister Yusuf bin Alawi bin Abdullah had informed them of his country's recognition of Kosovo. Kosovo's chargé d'affaires in Saudi Arabia was quoted in 2012 as saying that Oman had not recognised Kosovo.[https://books.google.com/books?id=4PwmeRG9QsUC&pg=PA124 The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States], James Ker-Lindsay, 2012, Oxford University Press. In September 2022, the foreign ministry of Oman officially issued a press release explicitly stating that the Omani foreign minister had met with the president and foreign minister of the "Republic of Kosovo", implying that Oman does indeed recognise the Republic of Kosovo as an independent state.
== Other recognition withdrawal claims by Serbia ==
On 4 January 2023, Serbian president Aleksandar Vučić claimed that nine new countries had withdrawn recognition: Antigua and Barbuda, Burkina Faso, Eswatini, Gabon, Guinea, Libya, Maldives, Saint Lucia, and Somalia.{{cite news |last1=Ozturk |first1=Talha |title=Serbia claims 9 countries withdrew recognition of Kosovo |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/serbia-claims-9-countries-withdrew-recognition-of-kosovo/2779938 |work=Anadolu Agency |date=4 January 2023}} Kosovo's foreign ministry said they had no notification of any recognition withdrawals claimed by Vučić.{{cite tweet|number=1611018862790848512|user=xhemajl_rexha|title=Kosovo Foreign Ministry says they have no notification of any recognition withdrawals, as announced last night by Serbia president.}}
Following the claims, Kosovo diplomats met with diplomats from Eswatini, Gabon, Libya, the Maldives, Somalia and Antigua and Barbuda and stated that those countries had not derecognised Kosovo, refuting Vučić's claims.{{Cite web|url=https://sinjali.com/ambasadori-i-somalise-demanton-vuciqin-per-cnjohjen-e-kosoves-takohet-me-vrenezin/|title=Ambasadori i Somalisë 'demanton' Vuçiqin për 'çnjohjen' e Kosovës, takohet me Vrenezin|first=Besim|last=Toska|date=10 January 2023|website=Sinjali|access-date=11 January 2023|archive-date=10 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110223246/https://sinjali.com/ambasadori-i-somalise-demanton-vuciqin-per-cnjohjen-e-kosoves-takohet-me-vrenezin/|url-status=dead}}{{cite news |last1=Bami |first1=Xhorxhina |title=Kosovo Debunks Serbian Claims About Derecognitions |url=https://balkaninsight.com/2023/01/13/kosovo-debunks-serbian-claims-about-derecognitions/ |work=Balkan Insight |date=13 January 2023}}
In May 2023 the spokesperson for the president of the Maldives refuted Serbian claims that the Maldives had de-recognised Kosovo, explicitly labelling Serbia's claims as "false".{{Cite news|url=http://edition.mv/features/27850|title=Maldives government refutes Serbian President's claim|website=The Edition}} The Maldivian government sent greetings to the president of Kosovo on the occasion of Kosovo's independence day on 17 February in 2024 and again in 2025, confirming the continuation of diplomatic recognition.{{cite web | url=https://presidency.gov.mv/Press/Article/29885 | title=The President sends Independence Day greetings to the President and Prime Minister of Kosovo }}https://foreign.gov.mv/index.php/en/media-center/news/foreign-minister-dr-khaleel-sends-greetings-to-the-foreign-minister-of-kosovo-the-occasion-of-the-independence-day-of-kosovo-2025-pr-38
On 11 December 2023 Kosovo's president Vjosa Osmani met Abshir Omar Huruse, the foreign minister of Somalia, and the sides reaffirmed their bilateral relations.{{cite web | url=https://president-ksgov.net/en/president-osmani-met-with-the-foreign-minister-of-somalia-abshir-omar-jama-huruse-at-the-doha-forum/ | title=Site is undergoing maintenance | date=11 December 2023 }} However in March 2025, Serbian state media reported that foreign minister Marko Djuric thanked Somalia for supporting Serbia's territorial integrity.https://www.tanjug.rs/english/politics/148615/djuric-speaks-with-somali-fm-about-support-on-kosovo-metohija-economy/amp
= Countries which have not recognised Kosovo as an independent state =
Diplomatic recognition is an explicit, official, unilateral act in the foreign policy of states in regards to another party. Not having issued such a statement does not necessarily mean the state has objections to the existence, independence, sovereignty or government of the other party. Some states, by custom or policy, do not extend formal recognitions, on the grounds that a vote for membership in the UN or another organisation whose membership is limited to states is itself an act of recognition.
== Member states of the United Nations ==
{{Compact TOC|side=yes|name=no|align=left|sep=·|d=|f=|h=|o=|q=|w=|x=|y=}}
=== A ===
=== B ===
=== C ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| {{KHM}} | On 6 October 2008, the Europe Department Director at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Cambodia, Kao Samreth, stressed that Cambodia does not wish to encourage secession in any country and therefore does not support the independence of Kosovo. Kao drew parallels to independence claims for South Ossetia and stated that Cambodia would not encourage tension within a country by supporting independence claims.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}{{pb}}In February 2009, Secretary of State at Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Cambodia, Ouch Borith, reiterated an earlier Cambodian Ministry of Foreign Affairs statement that Kosovo was a sensitive issue which they are studying carefully. Borith questioned, "if Kosovo is recognized, what about South Ossetia?"{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} In April 2009, it was stated that Cambodia had no plans to file a brief (either supportive of Serbia or Kosovo) in the ICJ case.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} |
| nowrap | {{CMR}} | {{main|Cameroon–Kosovo relations}} In January 2011, the General Secretary of Cameroon's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ferdinand Ngoh Ngoh, reportedly said that his government could not deny that Kosovo's independence was irreversible, but that it would have to be careful on how to proceed in order not to create a situation that would damage Cameroon's interests and position in the world.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} In 2018, Cameroon was one of 51 countries to vote against Kosovo's bid to joint Interpol, effectively blocking it from becoming a member country of the organisation. |
| {{CPV}} | In December 2010, Cape Verde's National Director of Political Affairs and Cooperation, José Luis Rocha, said that his country will wait until there was consensus at the United Nations Security Council before considering its position.[http://www.asemana.publ.cv/spip.php?article59104&ak=1 James Berisha em Cabo Verde para reconhecimento da independência do Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718163438/http://www.asemana.publ.cv/spip.php?article59104&ak=1 |date=18 July 2011 }}, ASemana, 8 December 2010 (in Portuguese) |
| {{CHL}} | In a 27 February 2008 press release, the Foreign Ministry of Chile called on the parties concerned to achieve, by peaceable means, through dialogue and adherence to the international law, a solution that respects the principles and purposes of the United Nations Charter. Chile has declared that it would continue to analyse the discussions that have taken place both in the United Nations Security Council and in the Council of Ministers of the European Union.[http://www.minrel.gov.cl/prontus_minrel/site/artic/20080714/pags/20080714160249.php Comunicado de Prensa Situaciòn en Kosovo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028042542/http://www.minrel.gov.cl/prontus_minrel/site/artic/20080714/pags/20080714160249.php |date=28 October 2017 }}, Chile Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 27 February 2008 (in Spanish) |
| {{CHN}} | {{Main|China's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}} The People's Republic of China supports Serbia's position on Kosovo, seeing parallels to its own claim over Taiwan.{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-kosovo-idUSTP33781020080220|title=Taiwan recognizes Kosovo in move likely to anger China|date=20 February 2008|agency=Reuters}} |
| {{COD|name=DR Congo}} | {{Main|Democratic Republic of the Congo–Kosovo relations}} |
| {{CUB}} | {{Main|Cuba–Kosovo relations}} On 29 February 2008, writing in his personal "Reflections of Fidel" column, which was published in the official newspaper of the Communist Party of Cuba, Granma Internacional, Fidel Castro accused Javier Solana of being the ideological father of Kosovo's "independence" (Castro's quotes) and, by doing so, of putting at risk the ethnic cohesion and the very state integrity of Spain or the UK, both of which experienced separatist movements of their own.[https://archive.today/20120914020348/http://www.trabajadores.cu/reflexiones-de-fidel-castro/ingles/i-hope-i-never-have-reason-to-be-ashamed/ I hope I never have reason to be ashamed], "Reflections of Fidel Castro", Trabajadores, 12 April 2008 {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} |
| {{CYP}} | {{Main|Cyprus–Kosovo relations}} On 11 February 2008, the Cypriot Foreign Minister Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis, stated that "Cyprus will never recognize a unilateral declaration of independence outside the U.N. framework, and in particular by side-stepping the role of the Security Council".[http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90853/6353117.html FM: Cyprus will never recognize unilaterally declared independence of Kosovo], People's Daily Online, 12 February 2008 This stance was reiterated in October 2009 by The President of Cyprus Dimitris Christofias, who said Cyprus would not recognise Kosovo, even if all other EU members did so.[http://www.srbija.gov.rs/vesti/vest.php?id=59832 Cyprus will never recognise Kosovo], Serbian Government, 16 October 2009 Cyprus recognises travel documents issued by Kosovo.{{cite news |title=Spain Joins Other Schengen Zone Countries in Recognizing Passports Issued By Kosovo |newspaper=Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-spain-passport-recognition-schengen-visa-liberalization/32763889.html |date=6 January 2024}} |
=== E ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| nowrap | {{ECU}} | {{Main|Ecuador–Kosovo relations}} In response to a request from the University of Oxford regarding the analysis of developments related to the independence of Kosovo, in August 2008 the Ecuadorian Foreign Ministry stated that there should be "unrestricted compliance with the rules and principles of the United Nations Charter and International Law".[http://www.mmrree.gov.ec/mre/documentos/novedades/informes/ano2008/agosto/londres.htm Informes de Gestión – Representaciones ecuatorianas en el exterior], República del Ecuador – Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio e Integración (in Spanish) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614040328/http://www.mmrree.gov.ec/mre/documentos/novedades/informes/ano2008/agosto/londres.htm |date=14 June 2009 }} |
| {{GNQ}} | On 1 September 2010, Equatorial Guinea's Permanent Representative to the UN, Anatolio Ndong Mba, said during a press conference that his country's foreign policy favours Kosovo's independence.[http://www.innercitypress.com/portu1eguinea090610.html At UN, Equatorial Guinea President's Son's $ 100 Million Wired Into USA is "Just Business," Pro Moroccan, Pro Kosovo], Inner City Press, 6 September 2010 In September 2011, the President of Equatorial Guinea, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, is reported to have responded positively to a request for recognition by Kosovo.[http://www.telegrafi.com/?id=2&a=17176 Pacolli kërkon njohjen e Kosovës nga liderët afrikanë], Telegrafi, 21 September 2011 (in Albanian) During a visit of Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue to Belgrade on 8 June 2022, it was stated that Equatorial Guinea has not changed its position about not recognising Kosovo.{{Cite web |date=2022-06-08 |title=Brnabić: Ekvatorijalna Gvineja ne menja stav o nepriznavanju Kosova – Politika – Dnevni list Danas |url=https://www.danas.rs/vesti/politika/brnabic-ekvatorijalna-gvineja-ne-menja-stav-o-kosovu/ |access-date=2022-06-08 |language=sr-RS}} |
| {{ERI}} | On 4 September 2008, the Director of the Euro-Americas Division at the Eritrean Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tsehaye Fassil, said that his Government had not decided whether it would recognise Kosovo's independence.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} |
| {{ETH}} | {{main|Ethiopia–Kosovo relations}} In January 2009, Ethiopia's Ambassador to Austria reportedly stated that the Ethiopian government would come to a decision over the recognition of Kosovo "at the right time".[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,127 Ethiopia to come up with a decision for Kosovo at right time], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 28 January 2009 According to Serbia, Skënder Hyseni, Kosovo's Foreign Minister, and other members of his delegation were denied entry into Ethiopia in January 2010. They allegedly wanted to attend an African Union summit in order to lobby African nations to recognise Kosovo. The Serbian Foreign Minister, Vuk Jeremić, said that their visas were denied after pressure by the Serbian government. Jeremić, who attended the summit, thanked his Ethiopian counterpart for denying the visas and supporting Serbia's cause. However, Kosovo's Foreign Ministry denies that they submitted any requests for visas.[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/serbia-kosovo-spar-over-ethiopia-visa-question Serbia, Kosovo Spar Over Ethiopia Visa Question], Balkan Insight, 29 January 2010 In December 2014, amid a diplomatic dispute with Serbia, Ethiopia threatened to recognise Kosovo.{{cite news|title=Poor Ethiopia Blackmails Serbia Over Kosovo|url=http://www.tesfanews.net/ethiopia-blackmails-serbia-over-kosovo/|access-date=18 January 2015|publisher=tesfanews.net|date=30 December 2014}} |
=== G ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| {{GEO}} | {{Main|Georgia–Kosovo relations}} The Foreign Minister of Georgia, David Bakradze, said on 18 February 2008 that Tbilisi would not recognise Kosovo's independence,.[https://web.archive.org/web/20080226121555/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-02/18/content_7620326.htm Kosovo's proclaimed independence provokes mixed responses from international community], Xinhua, 17 February 2008[https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL18159629 Georgia not planning to recognise Kosovo-minister], Reuters, 18 February 2008[http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=9375 Georgia Will Not Recognize Kosovo – Foreign Minister] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080813053323/http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=9375 |date=13 August 2008 }}, The Georgian Times, 19 February 2008 On 29 March 2008 the prime minister, Lado Gurgenidze, gave a recorded interview in Estonia, in which he clearly said in English that as Georgia's friends have recognised Kosovo, it was only natural that eventually Georgia would do likewise. The printed publication of the interview elicited demands by the opposition to impeach him, and the government spokesman stated that the prime minister was misinterpreted, after which the Estonian paper Postimees, which conducted and printed the interview, released the audio publicly.[http://www.finchannel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9895&Itemid=55 Estonian Paper Releases Audio of PM Saying Georgia would Recognize Kosovo], The Financial, Business News & Multimedia, 5 April 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711002636/http://www.finchannel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9895&Itemid=55 |date=11 July 2011 }} |
| {{GRC}} | {{Main|Greece's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}} As of 2022, Greece does not recognise the independence of Kosovo. In 2018, Greece was one of 51 countries that voted against Kosovo's bid to join Interpol.{{Cite web|title=Who was with Serbia, which of our neighbors voted for Kosovo|url=https://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2018&mm=11&dd=21&nav_id=105568|access-date=2021-07-17|website=B92.net| date=21 November 2018 |language=en}} Greece recognises travel documents issued by Kosovo. |
| nowrap | {{GTM}} | {{Main|Guatemala–Kosovo relations}} In March 2008, the Guatemalan Foreign Minister, Haroldo Rodas, had said that he had objected to the recognition of Kosovo in deference to Russian concerns.{{pb}}At a meeting on 26 March 2009 with Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Skënder Hyseni, the Ambassador of Guatemala to the UN, Gert Rosenthal, said that his country's government was carefully studying the developments in Kosovo, and the ongoing preparations to present a case to the ICJ. He also said that Guatemala was working with others in Latin America to reach a decision.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,161 Time is on Kosovo's side], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 26 March 2009 |
=== I ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| {{IND}} | {{Main|India–Kosovo relations|India's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}} India has consistently refused to recognise the independence of Kosovo. |
| nowrap | {{IDN}} | {{Main|Indonesia's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}}Indonesia's reaction to Kosovo's independence has been mixed. In 2018, Indonesia was one of 51 countries that voted against Kosovo's bid to join Interpol. |
| {{IRN}} | {{Main|Iran–Kosovo relations}} On 13 March 2008, Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said that Iran, after considering the region's issues and conditions, had not recognised the independence of Kosovo.[http://www.alalam.ir/english/en-NewsPage.asp?newsid=041030120080314111725 Ahmadinejad: US 'Enemies of All Humanity'], Alalam, 14 March 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403094412/http://www.alalam.ir/english/en-NewsPage.asp?newsid=041030120080314111725 |date=3 April 2015 }} |
| {{IRQ}} | {{Main|Iraq–Kosovo relations}} At a meeting on 28 May 2009 with Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Skënder Hyseni, the representative of Iraq to the UN, Hamid Al Bayati, reportedly said that Kosovo deserves to be recognised by other states and that Iraq's decision to recognise would come at a suitable time.[http://www.kosovotimes.net/flash-news/314-kosovos-foreign-minister-engaged-in-tough-lobbying-campaign.html Kosovo's Foreign Minister engaged in tough lobbying campaign], Kosovo Times, 28 May 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217132156/http://www.kosovotimes.net/flash-news/314-kosovos-foreign-minister-engaged-in-tough-lobbying-campaign.html |date=17 December 2014 }} |
=== J ===
=== K ===
=== L ===
=== M ===
=== N ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| {{NAM}} | In September 2010, following talks with Namibian officials, Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić stated that Namibia has no intentions of recognising Kosovo. The Foreign Minister of Namibia Utoni Nujoma said that the most important thing was to continue to search for a peaceful solution to the problem of Kosovo and that the opportunities should be sought for reconciliation between nations in the Balkans.[http://www.srbija.gov.rs/vesti/vest.php?id=68561 Namibia will not recognise unilaterally declared independence of Kosovo], Serbian Government, 2 September 2010 |
| {{NPL}} | A leaked 2009 cable from the US embassy in Kathmandu states that during a meeting with US Assistant Secretary Richard Boucher, the Foreign Secretary of Nepal, Gyan Chandra Acharya, said that the Government of Nepal had yet to decide if it would recognise the independence of Kosovo. Acharya acknowledged that Nepal understood the US interest in Kosovo's recognition but could not make a decision at the time because of regional sensitivities.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} |
| nowrap | {{NIC}} | In February 2008, Nicaragua's Foreign Minister, Samuel Santos, said that his country maintained a position of "observation" to the unilateral declaration of independence of Kosovo. "Nicaragua is watching the issue of Kosovo's independence, we have friends who are in agreement with this independence and other friends who disagree, there are some who are saying that [independence] is a threat to peace in that tender area. We just look at [this case and] we have no opinion on this issue."[http://noticias.terra.com/articulo/html/act1142155.htm Nicaragua mantiene postura de observación ante independencia de Kosovo], Terra, 19 February 2008 (in Spanish) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203093410/http://noticias.terra.com/articulo/html/act1142155.htm |date=3 December 2008 }} |
| {{NGA}} | {{Main|Nigeria's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}}In July 2009, Umaru Yar'Adua, President of Nigeria, said that Nigeria will not recognise Kosovo as an independent nation. He said the decision not to recognise Kosovo was informed by Nigeria's historical experience of the civil war of 1967 to 1970.[http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=149141 Nigeria Doesn't Recognise Kosovo, Says Yar'Adua], This Day, 19 July 2009 {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} |
=== P ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| nowrap | {{PRY}} | In February 2008, the Ministry of Foreign Relations of Paraguay published a statement saying that Paraguay took note of the independence declaration and was analysing the situation.[http://www.mre.gov.py/dependencias/prensa/Comunicados/listado.asp?codigo=143 Comunicado de Prensa sobre la Declaración de Independencia de Kosovo.], Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, 25 February 2008 (in Spanish) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928154814/http://www.mre.gov.py/dependencias/prensa/Comunicados/listado.asp?codigo=143 |date=28 September 2011 }}{{pb}}In April 2010, it was reported that the Paraguayan president had told Kosovan pilot James Berisha, who was on an awareness-raising journey around Central and South America, that Paraguay had already recognised Kosovo's independence but had not made this known so as not to jeopardise their relationship with Russia.[http://guardian.co.tt/news/general/2010/04/02/pilot-mission-promote-kosovo Pilot on mission to promote Kosovo], Trinidad and Tobago Guardian, 2 April 2010 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506025147/http://guardian.co.tt/news/general/2010/04/02/pilot-mission-promote-kosovo |date=6 May 2015 }}{{Better source needed|date=March 2019}} |
| nowrap | {{PHL}} | In February 2008, Foreign Affairs Secretary Alberto Romulo said in a statement: "Considering the existing sensibilities in the region, continued dialogue should be encouraged among all the parties concerned to ensure regional stability". He also said the Philippines was not willing to recognise Kosovo as an independent nation.[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/02/19/asia/AS-GEN-Asia-Kosovo.php Philippines prefers negotiated settlement to Kosovo's independence declaration], International Herald Tribune, 19 February 2008 {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} On 19 February 2008, Romulo stated that recognition could complicate peace talks with Muslim separatists in Mindanao. He said that "while the Philippines does not oppose the idea of independence for Kosovo, it would prefer a settlement ... taking into account the internationally accepted principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity".[https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSMAN6439620080219?virtualBrandChannel=10010 Philippines tiptoes around Kosovo recognition], Reuters Tribune, 19 February 2008{{pb}}In a November 2012 meeting with Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Enver Hoxhaj, Foreign Affairs Undersecretary, Rafael E. Seguis, pledged support for Kosovo, saying that his country has full understanding for the independence of Kosovo and that he would consider the request for recognition.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1498 Ministri Hoxhaj kërkon njohjen e Kosovës nga Tailanda dhe Filipinet], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 18 November 2012 (in Albanian) |
=== R ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| nowrap | {{ROU}} | {{Main|Romania's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}} On 18 February 2008, a joint session of the Parliament of Romania voted not to recognise Kosovo's independence by 357 to 27, with support from all parties except the UDMR. Furthermore, the President and the Prime Minister opposed recognition.[http://english.hotnews.ro/stiri-top_news-2390491-president-basescu-says-romania-not-recognize-kosovo-independence.htm President Basescu says Romania not to recognise Kosovo independence], HotNews.ro, 19 February 2008[https://www.reuters.com/article/newsMaps/idUSL18447620080218 Romania will not recognise Kosovo independence], Reuters, 19 February 2008 Still, in May 2015 Prime Minister Victor Ponta stated that "in 2008, Romania decided not to recognize Kosovo. However, things have changed since then. Governments have changed and some new decision on the recognition of Kosovo could be made... because many things have changed in Kosovo since 2008".{{cite news|title=Romania 'could recognize Kosovo' – PM|url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2015&mm=05&dd=27&nav_id=94248|access-date=27 May 2015|publisher=B92|date=27 May 2015}} Romania recognises travel documents issued by Kosovo. |
| {{RUS}} | {{Main|Russia's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence}}Russia has strongly opposed Kosovo's independence. But in 2014, when it recognised the Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea, Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs cited Kosovo's declaration and the ICJ decision as evidence that unilateral declarations of independence are not inconsistent with international law[http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/03/11/7018434/ МЗС Росії визнав "незалежність" Криму], Ukrayinska Pravda, 11 March 2014 (the Kosovo independence precedent). |
| {{RWA}} | On 11 February 2009, the Director of International Organisations at Rwanda's Foreign Ministry, Ben Rutsinga, said that the African Union had no unified position on Kosovo independence and that Rwanda would not reach an "individual determination" in advance of such a unified position.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} On 18 September 2009, the Rwandan Foreign Minister, Rosemary Museminali, said that some countries would be likely to criticise a Rwandan recognition of Kosovo, accusing Rwanda of taking that stance in order to lay the basis for a similar breakaway by parts of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. She added that the Government of Kosovo had requested a meeting with her but she had not responded.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} |
=== S ===
=== T ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| {{TJK}} | In February 2008, the Chairman of the International Affairs Committee of the Tajik Assembly of Representatives, Asomudin Saidov, stated that Tajikistan will not recognise Kosovo's independence as it considers it to be the violation of legal norms and a danger for Europe.[http://www.afn.by/news/view.asp?newsid=95911 Таджикистан не признает независимость Косово], Central Asian News, 19 February 2008 (in Russian) According to leaked US cables, Tajikistan does not want to take a position on Kosovo due to concerns with the precedent for Abkhazia and South Ossetia.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} |
| {{TTO}}
|On 20 February 2008, Trinidad and Tobago's Foreign Minister Paula Gopee-Scoon took a positive stance and promised the US Ambassador that she would pursue the matter of Kosovo's recognition.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}{{pb}}At a meeting on 25 March 2009 with Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Skënder Hyseni, the Ambassador of Trinidad and Tobago to the UN, Maria Annette Valere, said that her country knows how important the process of international recognition is for Kosovo, and that the government of Trinidad and Tobago would address the request for recognition in the near future.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/index.php?page=2,4,156 The Government of Trinidad and Tobago will consider the request of Kosovo for recognition], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 25 March 2009 | |
| {{TUN}} | {{Main|Kosovo–Tunisia relations}}At a meeting in October 2012 with Albanian Foreign Minister and Chairman of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, Edmond Panariti, the Tunisian Foreign Minister, Rafik Abdessalem, said that his government was seriously considering the issue of the recognition of Kosovo.[http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8430 Panariti: Shqipëria dhe vendet e Këshillit të Evropës mbështesin fuqimisht një Tunizi demokratike dhe moderne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928034744/http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8430 |date=28 September 2013 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania, 31 October 2012 (in Albanian) |
| {{TKM}} | In a September 2010 meeting with Albanian prime minister Sali Berisha, Turkmen president Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow said that his country would consider the recognition of Kosovo at the right time.[http://www.km.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&m=news&lid=13716&gj=gj2 Premier Berisha meets presidents of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan and PM of Mauritania] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313163458/http://www.km.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&m=news&lid=13716&gj=gj2 |date=13 March 2013 }}, Republic of Albania Council of Ministers, 21 September 2010 |
=== U ===
=== V ===
| class="wikitable" | |
| | Country | Position |
|---|---|
| nowrap | {{VEN}} | {{main|Kosovo–Venezuela relations}} In February 2008, Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez announced that Venezuela did not recognise Kosovo's independence on the grounds that it has been achieved through United States pressure. On 24 March 2008, Chávez accused Washington of trying to "weaken Russia" by supporting independence for Kosovo. He called Kosovo's prime minister Hashim Thaçi, a "terrorist" put in power by the United States.[https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-03-24-chavez-china_N.htm Chavez: U.S. encouraging Tibet violence], USA Today, 24 March 2008 |
| {{VNM}} | In February 2008, the Vietnamese UN Ambassador Le Luong Minh "reaffirmed Vietnam policy that the fact that Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence is not a correct implementation of the U.N. Security Council Resolution 1244 and that will only complicate the situation in Kosovo and the Balkan region".[https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSSP3143120080218 Vietnam says against unilateral Kosovo independence], Reuters, 18 February 2008{{pb}}In a 23 February 2011 meeting with Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić, Vietnamese deputy prime minister, Pham Gia Khiem, reaffirmed Vietnam's position of supporting "Kosovo-related issues under the United Nations Security Council's decree to gain comprehensive measures in terms of respecting national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and assuring the benefits of involved nations".[http://english.vietnamnet.vn/en/politics/5166/government-in-brief-24-2.html Government in Brief 24/2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210184055/http://english.vietnamnet.vn/en/politics/5166/government-in-brief-24-2.html |date=10 February 2021 }}, VietNamNet, 24 February 2011 In a 24 November 2011 meeting with Albanian deputy prime minister and Foreign Minister, Edmond Haxhinasto, Vietnam's Foreign Minister, Pham Binh Minh, said that Vietnam was following the developments in Kosovo, and that Serbia and Kosovo should continue the dialogue to find common ground that will be acceptable to both parties.[http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7881%3Azvkryeministri-dhe-ministri-i-puneve-te-jashtme-z-edmond-haxhinasto-takohet-me-ministrin-vietnamez-te-puneve-te-jashtme-z-pham-binh-minh-&catid=112%3Alajme&lang=en Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Edmond Haxhinasto meet with the Vietnamese Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Pham Binh Minh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110070134/http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7881%3Azvkryeministri-dhe-ministri-i-puneve-te-jashtme-z-edmond-haxhinasto-takohet-me-ministrin-vietnamez-te-puneve-te-jashtme-z-pham-binh-minh-&catid=112%3Alajme&lang=en |date=10 January 2017 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Albania, 24 November 2011 |
=== Z ===
== Other states and entities ==
Positions taken by intergovernmental organisations
{{main|Membership of Kosovo in international organizations}}
Intergovernmental organisations do not themselves diplomatically recognise any state; their member states do so individually. However, depending on the intergovernmental organisation's rules of internal governance and the positions of their member states, they may express positive or negative opinions as to declarations of independence, or choose to offer or withhold membership to a partially recognised state.
| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | |
| International organisation | Position |
|---|---|
| {{Flag|Arab League}} | In May 2009, the Secretary General of the Arab League, Amr Moussa, welcomed a request by Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Skënder Hyseni, to establish regular communications.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/index.php?page=2,4,201 Minister Hyseni meets with the General Secretary of the Arab League], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 29 May 2009 At a meeting on 18 June 2009 with Hyseni, the representative of the Arab League to the UN, Yahya Mahmassani, said that the Kosovo issue was being discussed at the Arab League, and that there would be gradual movement towards recognition as most Arab states are supportive of Kosovo.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,138 A report on meetings held by Minister Hyseni today in New York], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 18 June 2009 {{show |Member states (15 / 22) | Algeria • Bahrain {{smallsup|†}} • Comoros {{smallsup|†}} • Djibouti {{smallsup|†}} • Egypt {{smallsup|†}} • Iraq • Jordan {{smallsup|†}} • Kuwait {{smallsup|†}} • Lebanon • Libya {{smallsup|†}} • Mauritania {{smallsup|†}} • Morocco • Oman {{smallsup|†}} • Palestine • Qatar {{smallsup|†}} • Saudi Arabia {{smallsup|†}} • Somalia {{smallsup|†}} • Sudan {{smallsup|†}} • Syria • Tunisia • United Arab Emirates {{smallsup|†}} • Yemen {{smallsup|†}} : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| {{Flag|Caribbean Community}} (CARICOM) | In August 2010, Albanian Parliament Speaker Jozefina Topalli received a letter from the chairman of the Grenadian Parliament, George J. McGuire, stating that CARICOM members would soon make a joint decision on the recognition of Kosovo.[http://www.parlament.al/web/The_Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Grenada_a_letter_to_the_Albanian_Speaker_Soon_an_immediate_incre_11010_2.php The Speaker of the Parliament of Grenada, a letter to the Albanian Speaker: "Soon an immediate increase of the countries that will recognize the independence of Kosovo"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103235801/http://www.parlament.al/web/The_Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Grenada_a_letter_to_the_Albanian_Speaker_Soon_an_immediate_incre_11010_2.php |date=3 November 2013 }}, Parliament of Albania, 31 August 2010 On 19 August 2011, it was reported that the CARICOM members had made a joint decision to recognise Kosovo, but that each state would announce official recognition separately.[http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=08&dd=19&nav_id=75991 K. Albanians announce Caribbean recognitions] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105134036/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2011&mm=08&dd=19&nav_id=75991 |date=5 November 2012 }}, B92, 19 August 2011 {{show |Member states (10 / 15) | Antigua and Barbuda {{smallsup|†}} • Bahamas • Barbados {{smallsup|†}} • Belize {{smallsup|†}} • Dominica • Grenada {{smallsup|†}} • Guyana {{smallsup|†}} • Haiti {{smallsup|†}} • Jamaica • Montserrat {{smallsup|‡}} • Saint Kitts and Nevis {{smallsup|†}} • Saint Lucia {{smallsup|†}} • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Suriname {{smallsup|†}} • Trinidad and Tobago : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. : {{smallsup|‡}} – British Overseas Territory; the UK (which recognises Kosovo) represents its foreign affairs. }} |
| {{flagicon|Europe}} Council of Europe (CoE) | Kosovo plans to apply for membership in the CoE since it considers that it fulfills the statutory requirements to do so. If Kosovo receives positive votes from 2/3 of the member countries, it will be admitted to the CoE. Kosovo has already been recognised by 2/3 of the CoE members, thus it should be able to join the organisation.[http://www.kosovotimes.net/flash-news/410-kosovo-to-apply-for-council-of-europe-membership.html Kosovo to apply for Council of Europe membership], The Kosovo Times, 5 June 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607074518/http://www.kosovotimes.net/flash-news/410-kosovo-to-apply-for-council-of-europe-membership.html |date=7 June 2009 }}[http://www.newkosovareport.com/200906051826/Politics/kosovo-to-join-council-of-europe.html Kosovo to join Council of Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607040728/http://www.newkosovareport.com/200906051826/Politics/Kosovo-to-join-Council-of-Europe.html |date=7 June 2009 }}, New Kosova Report, 5 June 2009[http://setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2012/03/19/feature-03 Council of Europe membership is years away for Kosovo], Southeast European Times, 19 March 2012 In May 2012, the Chairman of the Committee of Ministers of the CoE, Edmond Haxhinasto, pledged to work for a stronger role for Kosovo during the Albanian chairmanship of the Council.[http://www.coe.int/en/20120523-news Greater involvement of Kosovo sought under Albanian chairmanship], Council of Europe, 23 May 2012 Haxhinasto added that Kosovo would in the near future be a part of the family of states of the Council of Europe.[http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8129 Shqipëria merr presidencën e Komitetit të Ministrave të Këshillit të Evropës] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305032845/http://mfa.gov.al/index.php?id=8129&option=com_content&view=article |date=5 March 2016 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania, 29 May 2012 (in Albanian) However, the Secretary-General of the CoE, Thorbjørn Jagland, commented that membership of Kosovo depends on the willingness of members.[http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8130 Jagland- Haxhinasto: Agjenda e presidencës shqiptare të Komitetit të Ministrave të KiE-së, ambicioze] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200606/http://www.mfa.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8130 |date=4 March 2016 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania, 29 May 2012 (in Albanian) The Council of Europe Development Bank's board of directors voted in favour of Kosovo's membership on 14 June 2013 during their meeting in Malta.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1749 The Republic of Kosovo is accepted as newest member of Council of Europe Development Bank], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo, 14 June 2013 In June 2014, Kosovo became a member state of the Venice Commission, an advisory body of the Council of Europe.{{cite web | url=https://www.venice.coe.int/Newsletter/Newsletter_2014_2_E.htm | title=Untitled 1 }} On 24 April 2023, the first phase of Kosovo's bid to join the Council of Europe was completed, when it was accepted by the Committee of Ministers with a two-thirds majority.{{cite web|url=https://www.euronews.com/2023/04/25/kosovo-takes-historic-step-towards-joining-council-of-europe|title=Kosovo takes 'historic step' towards joining Council of Europe|website=Euronews|date=25 April 2023|access-date=26 April 2023}} However, since May 2024, Germany (supported by France and Italy) have blocked a final vote on Kosovo's membership until the Kosovo government submits a revised draft statute of the proposed Community of Serb Municipalities to the Constitutional Court of Kosovo for review, a step which the Kosovo government has thus far been unwilling to take.{{Cite news |last=Taylor-Braçe |first=Alice |date=May 17, 2024 |title=Council of Europe: Kosovo’s last-minute bid to appease Germany falls flat in Belgrade, Pristina |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/council-of-europe-kosovos-last-minute-bid-to-appease-germany-falls-flat-in-belgrade-pristina/ |work=Euractiv}} {{show |Member states (34 / 46) | Albania {{smallsup|†}} • Andorra {{smallsup|†}} • Armenia • Austria {{smallsup|†}} • Azerbaijan • Belgium {{smallsup|†}} • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Bulgaria {{smallsup|†}} • Croatia {{smallsup|†}} • Cyprus • Czech Republic {{smallsup|†}} • Denmark {{smallsup|†}} • Estonia {{smallsup|†}} • Finland {{smallsup|†}} • France {{smallsup|†}} • Georgia • Germany {{smallsup|†}} • Greece • Hungary {{smallsup|†}} • Iceland {{smallsup|†}} • Ireland {{smallsup|†}} • Italy {{smallsup|†}} • Latvia {{smallsup|†}} • Liechtenstein {{smallsup|†}} • Lithuania {{smallsup|†}} • Luxembourg {{smallsup|†}} • Malta {{smallsup|†}} • Moldova • Monaco {{smallsup|†}} • Montenegro {{smallsup|†}} • Netherlands {{smallsup|†}} • North Macedonia {{smallsup|†}} • Norway {{smallsup|†}} • Poland {{smallsup|†}} • Portugal {{smallsup|†}} • Romania • San Marino {{smallsup|†}} • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia {{smallsup|†}} • Spain • Sweden {{smallsup|†}} • Switzerland {{smallsup|†}} • Turkey {{smallsup|†}} • Ukraine • United Kingdom {{smallsup|†}} : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) | A resolution, agreeing to the membership of Kosovo in the EBRD, was approved by its Board of Governors on 16 November 2012, providing that, by 17 December 2012, it has completed the necessary internal procedures.[http://www.ebrd.com/pages/news/press/2012/121116a.shtml Kosovo to become member of the EBRD] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106005818/http://www.ebrd.com/pages/news/press/2012/121116a.shtml |date=6 November 2013 }}, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 16 November 2012[https://web.archive.org/web/20160123055039/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-kosovo-ebrd-idUKBRE8AF1A720121116 EBRD votes to give Kosovo membership], Reuters, 16 November 2012 On 8 February 2013, Kosovo's Foreign Minister, Enver Hoxhaj, and the President of EBRD, Suma Chakrabarti, signed an agreement on economic cooperation and activities.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20131103184218/http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/?page=1,9,3344 Kryeministri Thaçi: Strategjia e BERZH-it për Kosovën do të rezultojë me rritje dhe zhvillim ekonomik]}}, Prime Minister of Kosovo, 8 February 2013 (in Albanian) |
| {{Flag|European Union}} (EU) | The EU, like other IGOs, does not possess the legal capacity to diplomatically recognise any state; member states do so individually. The majority of member states have recognised Kosovo. To articulate a common EU policy of either support or opposition to Kosovo's independence would require unanimity on the subject from all 27 member states, which does not presently exist. On 18 February 2008, the EU officially stated that it would "take note" of the resolution of the Kosovo assembly.[http://euobserver.com/9/25684 EU fudges Kosovo independence recognition], EUobserver, 18 February 2008 The EU sent a EULEX mission to Kosovo, which included a special representative and 2,000 police and judicial personnel.[http://www.euractiv.com/en/enlargement/serbia-russia-fury-kosovo-independence-draws-near/article-170333 Serbia, Russia fury as Kosovo independence draws near] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609180815/http://www.euractiv.com/en/enlargement/serbia-russia-fury-kosovo-independence-draws-near/article-170333 |date=9 June 2011 }}, EurActiv, 15 February 2008[http://euobserver.com/9/25660 EU Kosovo mission to start Saturday morning], EUobserver, 14 February 2008 Although the European Parliament has not been formally vested with the authority to shape the EU's foreign policy, it was seen to be expressing its acceptance of Kosovan independence when it hosted the Kosovan Assembly in an interparliamentary meeting on 30 May 2008. This was also the first time Kosovo's flag was officially hoisted at an EU institution.[https://archive.today/20120801095434/http://www.blic.co.rs/news.php?id=2236 Kacin: We have recognized independence], Blic, 30 May 2008[http://eyugoslavia.com/kosovo/28/kosovo-delegation-appears-in-european-parliament-with-independent-kosovo-flag-22300/ Kosovo Delegation Appears In European Parliament With "Independent Kosovo" Flag] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601164048/http://eyugoslavia.com/kosovo/28/kosovo-delegation-appears-in-european-parliament-with-independent-kosovo-flag-22300/ |date=1 June 2008 }}, e Yugoslavia, 28 May 2008 On 5 February 2009, the European Parliament adopted a resolution that encouraged all EU member states to recognise Kosovo. The resolution also welcomed the successful deployment of EULEX across Kosovo, and rejected the possibility of Kosovo's partition. It was passed with 424 voted in favour, and 133 against. Some Romanian and Communist representatives called for a new international conference on Kosovo's status or to allow the northern part of the country to join Serbia.[http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2009&mm=02&dd=05&nav_id=56938 EP adopts Kosovo resolution] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206192034/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2009&mm=02&dd=05&nav_id=56938 |date=6 February 2009 }}, B92, 5 February 2009[http://www.newkosovareport.com/200902051597/Politics/The-European-Parliament-urges-recognition-of-Kosovo-by-all-EU-members.html The European Parliament urges recognition of Kosovo by all EU members] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209002721/http://www.newkosovareport.com/200902051597/Politics/The-European-Parliament-urges-recognition-of-Kosovo-by-all-EU-members.html |date=9 February 2009 }}, New Kosova Report, 5 February 2009 On 8 July 2010, the European Parliament adopted a resolution welcoming "the recognition by all Member States of the independence of Kosovo", and stating that EU member states should "step up their common approach towards Kosovo". The resolution rejected the possibility of a partition of Kosovo.[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=IM-PRESS&reference=20100707IPR78046&format=XML&language=EN EU membership prospects of Albania and Kosovo], European Parliament, 8 July 2010 On 29 March 2012, the European Parliament adopted a resolution that urged the five EU member states that had not recognised Kosovo's independence to do so.[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/pressroom/content/20120329IPR42140/html/MEPs-welcome-progress-of-Serbia-Kosovo-and-Montenegro-towards-joining-the-EU MEPs welcome progress of Serbia, Kosovo and Montenegro towards joining the EU], European Parliament, 29 March 2012 {{show |Member states (22 / 27) Candidates (4 / 5) | Austria {{smallsup|†}} • Belgium {{smallsup|†}} • Bulgaria {{smallsup|†}} • Cyprus • Croatia {{smallsup|†}} • Czech Republic {{smallsup|†}} • Denmark {{smallsup|†}} • Estonia {{smallsup|†}} • Finland {{smallsup|†}} • France {{smallsup|†}} • Germany {{smallsup|†}} • Greece • Hungary {{smallsup|†}} • Ireland {{smallsup|†}} • Italy {{smallsup|†}} • Latvia {{smallsup|†}} • Lithuania {{smallsup|†}} • Luxembourg {{smallsup|†}} • Malta {{smallsup|†}} • Netherlands {{smallsup|†}} • Poland {{smallsup|†}} • Portugal {{smallsup|†}} • Romania • Slovakia • Slovenia {{smallsup|†}} • Spain • Sweden {{smallsup|†}}
: Bold – Presiding the Council of the European Union at time of declaration : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| International Monetary Fund (IMF) | On 15 July 2008, the IMF issued a statement saying "It has been determined that Kosovo has seceded from Serbia as a new independent state and that Serbia is the continuing state," thus acknowledging the separation of Kosovo from Serbia.[https://www.reuters.com/article/newsMaps/idUSN1528175520080715 IMF recognizes Kosovo, begins to weigh membership], Reuters, 15 July 2008 After their membership was approved in a secret ballot by 108 states,{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} Kosovo signed the IMF's Articles of Agreement on 29 June 2009 to become a full member of the fund.[http://nasdaq.com/aspx/stock-market-news-story.aspx?storyid=200906291301dowjonesdjonline000485&title=kosovo-joins-imfworld-bank Kosovo Joins IMF, World Bank], NASDAQ, 29 June 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611071737/http://nasdaq.com/aspx/stock-market-news-story.aspx?storyid=200906291301dowjonesdjonline000485&title=kosovo-joins-imfworld-bank |date=11 June 2011 }}[http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2009/pr09240.htm Kosovo Becomes the International Monetary Fund's 186th Member], International Monetary Fund, 29 June 2009 |
| Interpol | To become a member of Interpol, a country would need the votes of 2/3 of Interpol's 195 members.{{cite web | url=https://www.interpol.int/Who-we-are/Member-countries#:~:text=INTERPOL%20has%20195%20member%20countries,police%20with%20our%20global%20network. | title=INTERPOL member countries }} Kosovo has tried to join Interpol on three different occasions, most recently in November 2018, when it received positive votes from 68 countries, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed.{{Cite web|title=Kosovo: Interpol membership bid rejection only benefits organized crime|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/english/world/kosovo-interpol-membership-bid-rejection-only-benefits-organized-crime/50000262-3818983|access-date=2021-07-13|website=efe.com|language=en}} |
| International Organization for Migration (IOM) | At a meeting on 30 March 2012 with Kosovo's Deputy Foreign Minister, Petrit Selimi, deputy director of the IOM, Laura Thomson, expressed readiness to continue advanced discussions with the representatives of Kosovo to further advance the prospects for membership.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,4,1183 Deputy Minister Selimi meets leaders of international organizations in Geneva], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 30 March 2012 |
| {{flagicon|NATO}} North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | NATO maintains that its ongoing Kosovo Force mission and mandate remain unchanged and that "NATO reaffirms that KFOR shall remain in Kosovo on the basis of UNSCR 1244, as agreed by Foreign Ministers in December 2007, unless the UN Security Council decides otherwise".[http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2008/p08-025e.html Statement by the North Atlantic Council after Kosovo's declaration of independence], NATO, 18 February 2008 {{show |Member states (28 / 32) Candidates (0 / 1) | Albania {{smallsup|†}} • Belgium {{smallsup|†}} • Bulgaria {{smallsup|†}} • Canada {{smallsup|†}} • Croatia {{smallsup|†}} • Czech Republic {{smallsup|†}} • Denmark {{smallsup|†}} • Estonia {{smallsup|†}} • Finland {{smallsup|†}} • France {{smallsup|†}} • Germany {{smallsup|†}} • Greece • Hungary {{smallsup|†}} • Iceland {{smallsup|†}} • Italy {{smallsup|†}} • Latvia {{smallsup|†}} • Lithuania {{smallsup|†}} • Luxembourg {{smallsup|†}} • Montenegro {{smallsup|†}} • Netherlands {{smallsup|†}} • North Macedonia {{smallsup|†}} • Norway {{smallsup|†}} • Poland {{smallsup|†}} • Portugal {{smallsup|†}} • Romania • Slovakia • Slovenia {{smallsup|†}} • Spain • Sweden {{smallsup|†}} • Turkey {{smallsup|†}} • United Kingdom {{smallsup|†}} • United States {{smallsup|†}} : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| {{Flag|Organisation of Islamic Cooperation}} (OIC) | In February 2008, Secretary General of the OIC Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu said "Kosovo has finally declared its independence after a long and determined struggle by its people. As we rejoice this happy result, we declare our solidarity with and support to our brothers and sisters there. The Islamic Umma wishes them success in their new battle awaiting them which is the building of a strong and prosperous a state capable of satisfying of its people".[http://www.oic-oci.org/topic_detail.asp?t_id=840&x_key= Secretary General of the OIC declares support to the Kosovo Independence] {{dead link|date=August 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, Organisation of the Islamic Conference, 18 February 2008 The OIC did not call on its individual member states to extend recognition, as some member states, including Azerbaijan, Egypt, Indonesia and Sudan, were firmly against any issuance of such a statement.[http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=136077&bolum=102 Turkey lobbying for stronger Muslim support for Kosovo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207002940/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=136077&bolum=102 |date=7 December 2011 }}, Today's Zaman, 11 March 2008 On 25 May 2009, at the OIC's 36th session of the Council of Foreign Ministers in Damascus, the 57 member states adopted a resolution that noted Kosovo's declaration of independence, upheld the role of the UN in Kosovo, reaffirmed the strong interest of the OIC regarding Muslims in the Balkans, welcomed the co-operation of Kosovo with the OIC Economic and Financial institutions, and called on the international community to continue contributing to the fostering of Kosovo's economy.[http://www.oic-oci.org/36cfm/w/en/res/36CFM-POL-RES-FINAL.pdf Resolution no. 14/36-POL on the Situation in Kosovo, Resolutions on Political Affairs adopted by the 36th session of the Council of Foreign Ministers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123043535/http://www.oic-oci.org/36cfm/w/en/res/36CFM-POL-RES-FINAL.pdf |date=23 November 2015 }}, Organisation of the Islamic Conference, 25 May 2009 It has been reported that an earlier draft of the resolution (tabled by Saudi Arabia) had called for recognition of Kosovo by Islamic countries, but this was rejected by some member states, including Syria, Egypt and Azerbaijan.[http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2009&mm=05&dd=24&nav_id=59349 Saudi Kosovo proposal fails at OIC] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904044402/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2009&mm=05&dd=24&nav_id=59349 |date=4 September 2009 }}, B92, 24 May 2009 The OIC mechanism is similar to the one adopted by the EU which leaves it up to member states to decide.[http://www.newkosovareport.com/200905251811/Politics/OIC-approves-pro-Kosovo-resolution.html OIC approves pro-Kosovo resolution] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528000341/http://www.newkosovareport.com/200905251811/Politics/OIC-approves-pro-Kosovo-resolution.html |date=28 May 2009 }}, New Kosova Report, 25 May 2009 In June 2011, the OIC adopted a resolution calling on member states to consider recognising Kosovo but once again it left the recognition issue to individual member states.[http://www.oic-oci.org/38cfm/en/documents/res/POL-RES-38-CFM-FINAL-2.pdf Resolutions on Political Affairs Adopted by the Thirty-Eighth Session of the Council of Foreign Ministers, (Session of Peace, Cooperation and Development)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225121624/http://www.oic-oci.org/38cfm/en/documents/res/POL-RES-38-CFM-FINAL-2.pdf |date=25 February 2015 }}, OIC, 30 June 2011 In November 2012, the OIC adopted a resolution calling on member states to consider recognising Kosovo based on their free and sovereign rights as well as on their national practice.[https://web.archive.org/web/20151123043535/http://www.oic-oci.org/english/conf/fm/39/POL-RES-39%20-FINAL.pdf Resolutions on Political Affairs Adopted by the Thirty-Ninth Session of the Council of Foreign Ministers, (Session of Solidarity for Sustainable Development)], OIC, 17 November 2012. İhsanoğlu expressed support for strengthening the international subjectivity of the Republic of Kosovo.[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1493 Hoxhaj merr përkrahjen e OBI-t për rritjen e numrit të njohjeve për Kosovën], Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 16 November 2012 (in Albanian) In February 2013, the OIC renewed the previous resolution and urged all of its member states to recognise Kosovo.[http://www.oic-oci.org/external_web/is/12/en/docs/final/is12_fc_en.pdf Cairo Final Communiqué of the twelfth session of the Islamic Summit Conference "The Muslim World: New Challenges & Expanding Opportunities" Cairo – Arab Republic of Egypt] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501121925/http://www.oic-oci.org/external_web/is/12/en/docs/final/is12_fc_en.pdf |date=1 May 2013 }}, OIC, 7 February 2013 {{show |Member states (36 / 57) | Afghanistan {{smallsup|†}} • Albania {{smallsup|†}} • Algeria • Azerbaijan • Bahrain {{smallsup|†}} • Bangladesh {{smallsup|†}} • Benin {{smallsup|†}} • Burkina Faso {{smallsup|†}} • Brunei {{smallsup|†}} • Cameroon • Chad {{smallsup|†}} • Comoros {{smallsup|†}} • Côte d'Ivoire {{smallsup|†}} • Djibouti {{smallsup|†}} • Egypt {{smallsup|†}} • Gabon {{smallsup|†}} • Gambia {{smallsup|†}} • Guinea {{smallsup|†}} • Guinea-Bissau {{smallsup|†}} • Guyana {{smallsup|†}} • Indonesia • Iran • Iraq • Jordan {{smallsup|†}} • Kuwait {{smallsup|†}} • Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Lebanon • Libya {{smallsup|†}} • Maldives {{smallsup|†}} • Malaysia {{smallsup|†}} • Mali • Mauritania {{smallsup|†}} • Morocco • Mozambique • Niger {{smallsup|†}} • Nigeria • Oman {{smallsup|†}} • Pakistan {{smallsup|†}} • Palestine • Qatar {{smallsup|†}} • Saudi Arabia {{smallsup|†}} • Senegal {{smallsup|†}} • Sierra Leone {{smallsup|†}} • Somalia {{smallsup|†}} • Sudan {{smallsup|†}} • Suriname {{smallsup|†}} • Syria • Tajikistan • Togo • Tunisia • Turkey {{smallsup|†}} • Turkmenistan • Uganda • United Arab Emirates {{smallsup|†}} • Uzbekistan • Yemen {{smallsup|†}} : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| 30px Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) | On 19 February 2008, Chairman Ilkka Kanerva and OSCE Minorities Commissioner Knut Vollebæk called for Kosovo's government to vigorously implement agreed-upon frameworks regarding minorities.[http://www.osce.org/item/29762.html OSCE Chairman, Minorities Commissioner: Kosovo must remain multi-ethnic], OSCE, 19 February 2008 Serbia has vowed to oppose OSCE membership for Kosovo and is calling for the organisation to condemn the declaration of independence.[http://www.mfa.gov.rs/Bilteni/Engleski/b190208_e.html Daily Survey 19 February 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921071222/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/Bilteni/Engleski/b190208_e.html |date=21 September 2016 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Serbia, 19 February 2008 {{show |Member states (36 / 56) | Albania {{smallsup|†}} • Andorra {{smallsup|†}} • Armenia • Austria {{smallsup|†}} • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Belgium {{smallsup|†}} • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Bulgaria {{smallsup|†}} • Canada {{smallsup|†}} • Croatia {{smallsup|†}} • Cyprus • Czech Republic {{smallsup|†}} • Denmark {{smallsup|†}} • Estonia {{smallsup|†}} • Finland {{smallsup|†}} • France {{smallsup|†}} • Georgia • Germany {{smallsup|†}} • Greece • Hungary {{smallsup|†}} • Iceland {{smallsup|†}} • Ireland {{smallsup|†}} • Italy {{smallsup|†}} • Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Latvia {{smallsup|†}} • Liechtenstein {{smallsup|†}} • Lithuania {{smallsup|†}} • Luxembourg {{smallsup|†}} • Malta {{smallsup|†}} • Moldova • Monaco {{smallsup|†}} • Montenegro {{smallsup|†}} • Netherlands {{smallsup|†}} • North Macedonia {{smallsup|†}} • Norway {{smallsup|†}} • Poland {{smallsup|†}} • Portugal {{smallsup|†}} • Romania • Russia • San Marino {{smallsup|†}} • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia {{smallsup|†}} • Spain • Sweden {{smallsup|†}} • Switzerland {{smallsup|†}} • Tajikistan • Turkey {{smallsup|†}} • Turkmenistan • Ukraine • United Kingdom {{smallsup|†}} • United States {{smallsup|†}} • Uzbekistan • Vatican City : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| {{Flag|United Nations}} (UN) | Russia called an emergency session of the United Nations Security Council on 17 February 2008, but the council members, given differences in stated position between permanent members, failed to reach a consensus. Russia requested another meeting on 18 February. In March 2008 the UNMIK mission in Kosovo told the Serbian government to cease its interference in North Kosovo after local Serbs burned down a customs office set up by the Republic of Kosovo.[http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=83348880-e61d-4be3-8ba8-0b798b737baa&k=70 UN tells Serbia to quit interfering in Kosovo], Reuters via Ottawacitizen, 12 March 2008 In order for Kosovo to attain a UN seat, it would require the agreement of the five permanent members of the Security Council, of which only three currently recognise Kosovo: UK, France, and the US. On 17 January 2012, the President of Kosovo, Atifete Jahjaga, had a meeting with the President of the United Nations General Assembly, Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser, who stated that he will continue to support Kosovo in all initiatives and processes through which it is running.[http://www.president-ksgov.net/?page=2,6,2139 President Aifetet Jahjaga met with the chairmen of the UN General Assambly, Nassir Abdulaziz Al Nasser], President of Kosovo, 17 January 2012 On 11 July 2012, the elected President of the United Nations General Assembly, Serb Vuk Jeremić, said that Kosovo's move to join the UN during his upcoming presidency of the UN General Assembly would be "an act of pointless provocation". "As long as Serbia presides over the UN, and that's for the next year, this could only happen over my dead body," Jeremić said.[http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2012&mm=07&dd=11&nav_id=81211 Jeremić: Kosovo will join UN over my dead body] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104195239/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2012&mm=07&dd=11&nav_id=81211 |date=4 November 2013 }}, B92, 11 July 2012 However, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said that Jeremić should have stated this as an official of Serbia, not as the President of the UN General Assembly.[http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/ban-ki-moon-jeremic-duhet-ta-keta-folur-si-zyrtar-serb-2-23770.html Ban Ki-moon: Jeremic duhet të ketë folur si zyrtar serb] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719223533/http://www.telegrafi.com/lajme/ban-ki-moon-jeremic-duhet-ta-keta-folur-si-zyrtar-serb-2-23770.html |date=19 July 2012 }}, Telegrafi.com, 17 July 2012 (in Albanian)
|Permanent members of Security Council (3 / 5)| China • France {{smallsup|†}} • Russia • United Kingdom {{smallsup|†}} • United States {{smallsup|†}} : {{smallsup|†}} – Have recognised Kosovo. }} |
| World Bank | On 29 June 2009, the Republic of Kosovo became a full member of the World Bank.[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2009/06a/125489.htm Kosovo Joins the IMF and World Bank], US Department of State, 29 June 2009 |
| World Customs Organization | On 3 March 2017, the Republic of Kosovo became a full member of the World Customs Organization.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170304194148/http://www.kryeministri-ks.net/?page=1,9,6611 Kosova anëtarësohet në Organizatën Botërore të Doganave]}}, Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 4 March 2017 (in Albanian) |
Positions taken by other actors
= Autonomous regions and secessionist movements =
= International non-governmental organisations =
{{See also|Membership of Kosovo in international sports federations}}
See also
- Foreign relations of Kosovo
- List of diplomatic missions in Kosovo
- List of diplomatic missions of Kosovo
- Membership of Kosovo in international organisations
- Membership of Kosovo in international sports federations
- Advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence
- Reactions to the International Court of Justice advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence
- Kosovo–Serbia relations
- Belgrade–Pristina negotiations
- List of states with limited recognition
Notes
{{reflist|group=note}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-17945-8 Ioannis Armakolas and James Ker-Lindsay. 2019. The Politics of Recognition and Engagement: EU Member State Relations with Kosovo. Springer.]
- Gëzim Visoka. 2018. [https://www.routledge.com/Acting-Like-a-State-Kosovo-and-the-Everyday-Making-of-Statehood/Visoka/p/book/9781138285330 Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood]. Routledge.
{{International recognition of Kosovo}}
{{International recognition of states with limited recognition}}
{{Foreign relations of Kosovo}}