List of German Jews#Politicians

The first Jewish population in the region to be later known as Germany came with the Romans to the city now known as Cologne. A "Golden Age" in the first millennium saw the emergence of the Ashkenazi Jews, while the persecution and expulsion that followed the Crusades led to the creation of Yiddish and an overall shift eastwards. A change of status in the late Renaissance Era, combined with the Jewish Enlightenment, the Haskalah, meant that by the 1920s Germany had one of the most integrated Jewish populations in Europe, contributing prominently to German culture and society.

During The Holocaust many Jews fled Germany to other countries for refuge, and the majority of the remaining population were killed.

The following is a list of some famous Jews (by religion or descent) from Germany proper.

Historical figures

=Politicians=

Fischel Arnheim, politician{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2677-bavaria|title=BAVARIA - JewishEncyclopedia.com|website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}
Ludwig Bamberger, politician{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=The Columbia Encyclopedia| url=| title=Bamberger, Ludwig |edition =Sixth |year=2004|publisher= Columbia University Press|page=4035 }}
Daniel Cohn-Bendit, member of European Parliament, student leader in 1968{{cite web|url=http://www.greens.org/s-r/20/20-06.html|title=S/R 20: French Greens Surge Ahead in Elections for European Parliament|website=www.greens.org}}
Wilhelm Dröscher, SPD politician{{cite web|url=http://www.ezania.net/library/articles/hitlersjews/jews_politics_military.htm|title=Jews, Politics & Military|website=www.ezania.net|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2007-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008035435/http://www.ezania.net/library/articles/hitlersjews/jews_politics_military.htm|url-status=dead}}
Kurt Eisner, Bavarian prime minister{{cite web|url=http://www.jbuff.com/c110206.htm|title=Biography of Kurt Eisner|website=www.jbuff.com}}
{{ill|Fritz Elsas|de|vertical-align=sup}}, Mayor of Berlin from 1931 to 1933, (converted to Christianity)
Heinrich von Friedberg, jurist, statesman (converted to Christianity){{Cite journal |doi = 10.1093/ehr/118.475.86|title = Anti-Semitism and Philo-Semitism among the British and German Elites: Oxford and Heidelberg before the First World War|journal = The English Historical Review|volume = 118|issue = 475|pages = 86–119|year = 2003|last1 = Weber|first1 = T.}}
Karl Rudolf Friedenthal, Prussian politician (converted to Christianity){{cite web|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6364-friedenthal-karl-rudolph|title=FRIEDENTHAL, KARL RUDOLPH - JewishEncyclopedia.com|website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}
Clement Freud, German-born British MP{{cite web |url=http://www.hampsteadtheatre.com/prod-productions_details.asp?pid=35 |title=Hampstead Theatre : What's on : An evening with Sir Clement Freud |access-date=2007-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061031233120/http://www.hampsteadtheatre.com/prod-productions_details.asp?pid=35 |archive-date=2006-10-31 }}
Rudolf Hilferding, Finance Minister in 1923 and from 1928 to 1929Malcolm Charles Sawyer, Philip Arestis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Gi1-hW3cfo4C&dq=%22Rudolf+Hilferding%22&pg=PA290 A Biographical Dictionary of Dissenting Economists].
Alex Himelfarb, ambassador{{cite web |date=April 20, 2006 |title=Jewish Tribune issue |url=http://www.jewishtribune.ca/tribune/PDF/jt060420.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927041959/http://www.jewishtribune.ca/tribune/PDF/jt060420.pdf |archive-date=2006-09-27 |access-date=2007-01-03 |website=Jewish Tribune}}
Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982){{cite web|date=1988-02-25|title=Told French President of Jewish Origins: Helmut Schmidt's Revelation Reported|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-02-25-mn-45342-story.html|access-date=2022-01-14|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
Henry Kissinger, U.S. Secretary of State, Nobel Prize (1973){{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/henry-kissinger|title=Henry Kissinger|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Ludwig Landmann, mayor of Frankfurt/Main{{Cite web|url=http://ww38.history-of-the-holocaust.org/LIBARC/LEXICON/LexEntry/FrankMai.html|title=Lexicon: Frankfurt am Main|website=ww38.history-of-the-holocaust.org}}
Eduard Lasker, co-founder of the National Liberal PartyEduard Lasker: Ein Leben für den Rechtsstaat by Adolf Laufs, German Studies Review, Vol. 9, No. 3. (Oct., 1986), pp. 651–652
Eugen Leviné, Bavarian prime minister{{cite web | url=http://www.iamanenglishman.com/page.php?iCategoryId=395&iParentId=392&PHPSESSID=a3c0aeee4ed713c23d80443221d68aae | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929170849/http://www.iamanenglishman.com/page.php?iCategoryId=395&iParentId=392&PHPSESSID=a3c0aeee4ed713c23d80443221d68aae | archive-date=2007-09-29 | url-status=usurped |title = I Am an Englishman}}
Jutta Oesterle-Schwerin, Member of parliament, Green party, Feminist partyGermany's Greens and Israel: "The Theme is too Much" by Diana Johnstone, MERIP Middle East Report, No. 149, Human Rights in the Middle East. (Nov-Dec 1987), pp. 44–45
Eduard von Simson, President of the Reichstag, President of the Reichsgericht{{cite web|url=http://www.polybiblio.com/americanist/286TB.html |title=SIMSON, B[ernhard] von, EDUARD VON SIMSON. ERINNERUNGEN AUS SEINEM LEBEN ZUSAMMENGESTELLT |access-date=2007-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007124025/http://www.polybiblio.com/americanist/286TB.html |archive-date=2007-10-07 }}
Walther Rathenau, Foreign Minister of the Weimar RepublicWalther Rathenau: Industrialist, Banker, Intellectual, and Politician; Notes and Diaries 1907–1922 by Von Strandmann
Herbert Weichmann, Mayor of Hamburg 1965–1971, president of the German Bundesrat (Federal upper house){{Cite journal|first=Marita |last=Kraus |url=http://bucerius.haifa.ac.il/abstracts-migration.doc |title=Towards a History of Jewish Remigration |journal=Migration and Remigration: Jews in Germany After 1945 |publisher=Bucerius Institute for Research of Contemporary German History and Society, University of Haifa |access-date=2008-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512051339/http://bucerius.haifa.ac.il/abstracts-migration.doc |archive-date=2006-05-12 }}{{cite web|url=http://bucerius.haifa.ac.il/abstracts-migration.doc |title=Migration and Remigration: Jews in Germany after 1945 |access-date=2008-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512051339/http://bucerius.haifa.ac.il/abstracts-migration.doc |archive-date=2006-05-12 }}
Marina Weisband, Ukrainian-born former Pirate Party Germany politician
Jeanette Wolff, West Berlin politician{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Holocaust/0107_Dortmund.html|title=Jewish Women who Lived in Dortmund, Germany between 1930 and 1943|website=www.jewishgen.org}}
Walter Wolfgang, German-born politician{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2005%2F09%2F29%2Fuwolfgang.xml&sSheet=%2Fportal%2F2005%2F09%2F29%2Fixportaltop.html |title=News - Latest breaking UK news - Telegraph |access-date=2005-12-19 |archive-date=2005-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051219211404/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2005%2F09%2F29%2Fuwolfgang.xml&sSheet=%2Fportal%2F2005%2F09%2F29%2Fixportaltop.html |url-status=live }}

=Activists=

Hedwig Dohm-Schleh, feminist, author{{cite web|url=http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/whm2003/dohm3.html |title=Hewdig Dohm (1831-1919), Woman's Nature and Rights, Women's History Month 2003 by Sunshine for Women |access-date=2007-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209083907/http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/whm2003/dohm3.html |archive-date=2006-12-09 }}
Nahum Goldmann, president of World Jewish Congress{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/nahum-goldmann|title=Nahum Goldmann|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Charlotte Knobloch (born 1932), community leader.
Amalie Nacken (1855–1940), Munich-based philanthropist
Josel of Rosheim, court Jew and Jewish advocateJewish Encyclopedia
Paul Spiegel, leader of the Central Council of Jews in Germany{{cite web| url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200605/s1627204.htm| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060502122147/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200605/s1627204.htm| archive-date = 2006-05-02| title = Jewish leader Spiegel dies at 68. 01/05/2006. ABC News Online| website = Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}
Sidonie Werner (1860–1932), women's rights activist

Religious figures

=Rabbis=

Aaron ben Benjamin Wolf, Chief Rabbi of Berlin (1709)
Isaac Bernays, Cheif Rabbi of Hamburg (1830s), teacher of S. R. Hirsch
Aaron Moses ben Mordecai of East Prussia
Abraham Auerbach (mid 1700s – November 3, 1846), Alsatian-born rabbi and liturgical poet. Fled France for Germany after imprisonment during the Reign of Terror.
Ahron Daum, Chief Rabbi of Frankfurt am Main
Jacob Ettlinger, Major Torah scholar, author of Aruch LaNer
Abraham Geiger, founding father of Reform Judaism
Samson Raphael Hirsch, intellectual founder of the Torah im Derech Eretz school of contemporary Orthodox Judaism{{cite book |author=Eliyahu Meir Klugman |title=Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch: Architect of Judaism for the Modern World |publisher=Artscroll Mesorah |location=Brooklyn, NY |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-89906-632-5}}
Immanuel Jakobovits, Chief Rabbi of Great Britain {{cite web|url=http://www.aojs.org/HaRav.asp |title=AOJS |date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704152427/http://www.aojs.org/HaRav.asp |access-date=2022-03-21|archive-date=2007-07-04 }}
Elijah Loans, rabbi of Fulda, Hanau, Friedberg, and Worms
{{Ill|Seligmann Meyer|he|זליגמן יששכר מאייר}}, rabbi of Regensburg
Leopold Zunz (10 August 1794 – 17 March 1886), founder of academic Jewish studies

=Reform=

Levi Herzfeld, 19th-century proponent of moderate reform {{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/4594-confirmation-the-rite-of|title=CONFIRMATION, THE RITE OF - JewishEncyclopedia.com|website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}

=Other=

Ridley Haim Herschell, missionaryConcise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Prussian Poland of Jewish parents"
Joseph Wolff, missionaryConcise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents"

Scientific figures

=Natural scientists=

Adolf von Baeyer, industrial chemist, Nobel Prize (1905) (Jewish mother){{Cite web|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/106585573/PDFSTART|title=Adolf von Baeyer's Scientific Achievements — a Legacy - Huisgen - 2003 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English - Wiley Online Library|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Norbert Berkowitz, physicisthttp://www.edukits.ca/multiculturalism/student/immigration_jewish.html {{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Hans Bethe, nuclear physics, Nobel Prize (1967)David Brand (March 10, 2005) [https://web.archive.org/web/20050428093216/http://www.news.cornell.edu/chronicle/05/3.10.05/Bethe.html Hans Bethe, titan of physics and conscience of science, dies at 98] news.cornell.edu (Jewish mother){{cite book |last=Bernstein |first=Jeremy |author-link=Jeremy Bernstein |title=Hans Bethe, Prophet of Energy |location=New York |publisher=Basic Books |date=1980 |isbn=978-0-465-02903-7 |page=8}}
Sir Walter Bodmer, medical researcher[http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ss/stories/s1499065.htm Radio National Australia interview with Sir Walter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060421111737/http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ss/stories/s1499065.htm |date=2006-04-21 }}: "I'm half Ashkenazy Jewish myself" Accessed 21 Feb 2007
Max Born, quantum mechanics, Nobel Prize (1954) (converted to Christianity){{cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Max_Born.html|title=The religion of Max Born, theoretical physicist|date=December 24, 2005|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051224101615/http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Max_Born.html|archive-date=2005-12-24}}
Heinrich Caro, industrial chemist{{Cite web|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/88510865/PDFSTART|title=Book Review: Heinrich Caro and the Creation of Modern Chemical Industry. By Carsten Reinhardt and Anthony S. Travis - Quadbeck-Seeger - 2001 - Angewandte Chemie International ...|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Nikodem Caro, industrial chemist[http://www.degussa-history.com/geschichte/en/personalities/nikodem_caro/ The Evonik History Portal – The History of Evonik Industries]
Albert Einstein, theoretical physics, Nobel Prize (1921)[http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/people/BIOS/ein.html Shlichim (Israeli Emissaries) | The Jewish Agency for Israel] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001232727/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/people/BIOS/ein.html |date=2006-10-01 }}
Erwin Finlay-Freundlich, astronomer{{cite web |url=http://www-ah.st-andrews.ac.uk/mgstud/reflect/peter.html |title=Peter Redford Scott-Lang (1859-1926) & Eirwin Findlay-Freundlich (1858-1964) |access-date=2007-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630121533/http://www-ah.st-andrews.ac.uk/mgstud/reflect/peter.html |archive-date=2007-06-30 }}
James Franck, quantum physics, Nobel Prize (1925){{cite web|url=http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~mishat/franck.html |title=A Case Study : James Franck |access-date=2007-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050208162525/http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~mishat/franck.html |archive-date=2005-02-08 }}
Adolph Frank, industrial chemist{{cite web|url=http://www.davidsconsultants.com/jewishhistory/history.php?index%3Dentries |title=Jewish History |access-date=2007-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061211100411/http://www.davidsconsultants.com/jewishhistory/history.php?index=entries |archive-date=2006-12-11 }}
Herbert Fröhlich, physicist{{cite web | url=http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/index/HJJ5KX23705J51M8.pdf |title = Metapress | A Fast Growing Resource for Young Entrepreneurs|date = 2017-12-14}} {{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Eugen Glueckauf, chemist, expert on atomic energy{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Hans Goldschmidt, industrial chemist{{cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Chemists.html|title=Jewish Chemists|website=www.jinfo.org}}
Fritz Haber, developed the Haber process, Nobel Prize (1918){{Cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/bioelectrochemistry/haber.htm |title=Haber |access-date=2009-10-25 |archive-date=2009-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091021121057/http://geocities.com/bioelectrochemistry/haber.htm |url-status=dead }}
Walter Heitler, chemist
Arthur Korn, physicist{{cite web|url=http://litten.de/abstrtoc/abstr2.htm|title=Freddy Litten: abstracts 2|website=litten.de}}
Ernst Ising, statistical mechanicshttp://www.physik.tu-dresden.de/itp/members/kobe/isingcor.ps
Albert Ladenburg, chemistDr. Leopold Ladenburg: "Stammtafel der Familie Ladenburg", Verlag J. Ph. Walther, Mannheim 1882
Fritz London, quantum mechanicsFritz London: A Scientific Biography by Kostas Gavroglu
Leonard Mandel, quantum optics{{cite web |url=http://orsted.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11522&page=274 |title=Biographical Memoirs V.87 |website=orsted.nap.edu |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118184855/http://orsted.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11522&page=274 |archive-date=18 November 2007 }}
Kurt Mendelssohn, German-born British medical physicistEncyclopaedia Judaica 13:492
Viktor Meyer, organic chemist (converted to Christianity){{cite web|url=https://www.todayinsci.com/M/Meyer_Viktor/MeyerViktor.htm|title=Viktor Meyer, Organic Chemist biography|website=www.todayinsci.com}}
Leonor Michaelis, biochemist{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1038/30090|pmid = 9603512|title = The fraud of Abderhalden's enzymes|journal = Nature|volume = 393|issue = 6681|pages = 109–111|year = 1998|last1 = Deichmann|first1 = Ute|last2 = Müller-Hill|first2 = Benno|bibcode = 1998Natur.393..109D|s2cid = 4411214}}
Albert A. Michelson, measured speed of light, Nobel Prize (1907) (Jewish father)The master of light;: A biography of Albert A. Michelson by Dorothy Michelson Livingston, 1973{{cite web|url=http://www5.geometry.net/detail/nobel/michelson_albert_abraham.html|title=Geometry.Net - Nobel: Michelson Albert Abraham|website=www5.geometry.net}}
Ludwig Mond, chemist and industrialist{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ludwig-Mond|title=Ludwig Mond|website=britannica.com}}
Sir Rudolf Peierls, solid state theory{{cite web|url=https://spartacus-educational.com/GERperierls.htm|title=Rudolf Peierls|website=Spartacus Educational}}
Arno Penzias, co-discoverer of CMB, Nobel Prize (1978){{Cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1978/penzias-autobio.html|title=Arno Penzias - Autobiography|website=nobelprize.org|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Alfred Philippson, geologist{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12105-philippson|title=PHILIPPSON - JewishEncyclopedia.com|website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}
John Charles Polanyi, chemist, Nobel Prize (born Berlin) {{cite web|author=JINFO |url=http://www.jinfo.org/Nobels_Chemistry.html |title=Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry |publisher=Jinfo.org |date=2002-07-21 |access-date=2022-03-21}}
Ernst Pringsheim, spectrometry, black-body radiation{{cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Physicists.html|title=Jewish Physicists|website=www.jinfo.org}}
Michael Rossmann, physicist and microbiologist (Jewish mother){{cite press release |author=Bob Johnson |date=March 2001 |url=http://news.uns.purdue.edu/html4ever/010216.Nat.Ahlbrandt.book.html |title=Holocaust survivors tell oral histories in 'Bitter Prerequisites' |website=Purdue News |access-date=2010-09-28 |archive-date=2011-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615101625/http://news.uns.purdue.edu/html4ever/010216.Nat.Ahlbrandt.book.html }}
Rudolf Schoenheimer, biochemist{{Cite journal|url=https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article-abstract/154/1/5/6050836?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=The 1999 George W. Beadle Medal: Michael Ashburner|first1=R Scott|last1=Hawley|first2=Thomas C|last2=Kaufman|date=1 January 2000|journal=Genetics|volume=154|issue=1|pages=5–6|accessdate=19 February 2025|via=Silverchair|doi=10.1093/genetics/154.1.5|pmid=10681184 |pmc=1460911 }}
Arthur Schuster, spectroscopist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Karl Schwarzschild, physicist and astronomer (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Schwarzschild.html |title=Schwarzschild biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206121324/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Schwarzschild.html }}
Franz Simon, physicist, separation of Uranium 235(Encyclopaedia Judaica, 14:1578)
Jack Steinberger, particle physics, Nobel Prize (1988){{Cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1988/steinberger-autobio.html|title=Jack Steinberger - Autobiography|website=nobelprize.org|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Otto Stern, experimental physicist, Nobel Prize (1943){{cite web|url=http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/jews/page5.asp?secid%3D31 |title=Jews in Pennsylvania - Page 5 |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502111735/http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/jews/page5.asp?secid=31 |archive-date=2007-05-02 }}
Moritz Traube, biochemist{{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2651.html|title=Ludwig Traube|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Wilhelm Traube, chemist, caffeine/purine synthesis
Otto Wallach, chemist, Nobel Prize (1910) (converted to Christianity)British Jewish Year Book 2005 p. 215 (list of Jewish Nobel Prize winners); Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. "Wallach, Otto"; [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/nobels.html]; however, Otto Wallach 1847–1931. Chemiker und Nobelpreisträger by Gunther Beer, Pg 11 disagrees
Richard Willstätter, chemist, Nobel Prize (1915){{cite web|url=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/dh|title=Michael Heidelberger|website=Profiles in Science}}

=Physicians and medical researchers=

Adolph Baginsky, pediatrician, diphtheria researcher{{cite web |url=http://soc.enotes.com/psychoanalysis-encyclopedia/baginsky-adolf |title=Baginsky, Adolf (1843-1918): Int. Dictionary of Psychoanalysis |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061128152139/http://soc.enotes.com/psychoanalysis-encyclopedia/baginsky-adolf |archive-date=2006-11-28 }}
Alfred Bielschowsky, ophthalmologist{{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2257.html|title=Alfred Bielschowsky|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Max Bielschowsky, neuropathologist{{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/535.html|title=Julius Hallervorden|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Konrad Bloch, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1964){{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/35057430| pmid=11241981| title=Konrad E. Bloch (1912–2000)| journal=Nature| volume=409| issue=6822| page=779| year=2001| last1=Goldfine| first1=Howard| last2=Vance| first2=Dennis E.| s2cid=4392077}}
Marcus Elieser Bloch, physician{{cite web|url=http://www.ichthyologie.de/English/Proceedings/Lesser_/lesser_.html |title=Lesser |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001231433/http://www.ichthyologie.de/English/Proceedings/Lesser_/lesser_.html |archive-date=2006-10-01 }}
Gustav Born, professor of pharmacology{{cite web|url=http://termessos.de/Bornengl.htm|title=Gustav V. R. Born, The Born Family in Göttingen and Beyond, Termessos Verlag|website=termessos.de}}
Edith Bulbring, professor of pharmacy (Jewish mother)http://hardy.amnesty.org.uk/images/ul/f/famous_refugees_2.pdf {{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Sir Ernst Chain, developed penicillin, Nobel Prize (1945){{cite web|title=Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/howard-walter-florey-and-ernst-boris-chain|website=Science History Institute |access-date=21 March 2018|date=June 2016}}
Ferdinand Cohn, pioneer in microbiology{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Cohn|title=Ferdinand Cohn | German botanist | Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=22 February 2024 }}
Julius Friedrich Cohnheim, pathologist
Paul Ehrlich, developed magic bullet concept, Nobel Prize (1908)[http://www.weizmann.ac.il/ICS/booklet/17/pdf/paul_erlich.pdf The Israel Chemical Society]
Arthur Eichengrün, possible inventor of aspirin{{cite journal|last1=Goldberg|first1=Daniel R.|title=Aspirin: Turn of the Century Miracle Drug|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/aspirin-turn-of-the-century-miracle-drug|journal=Chemical Heritage Magazine|publisher=Chemical Heritage Foundation |date=Summer 2009|volume=27|issue= 2|pages=26–30|access-date=24 March 2018}}
Wilhelm Feldberg, biologist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, biochemist{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/28036|title=The Expulsion of Jewish Biochemists from Academia in Nazi Germany|first=Ute|last=Deichmann|date=January 21, 1999|journal=Perspectives on Science|volume=7|issue=1|pages=1–86|doi=10.1162/posc.1999.7.1.1|s2cid=57566498|via=Project MUSE}}
Hermann Friedberg, physician
Salome Gluecksohn-Waelsch, geneticist{{cite web|url=http://www.brandeis.edu/hbi/pubs/Harriet%20Freidenreich%20Paper.doc |title=On the Fringes of Academia: Jewish Women as University Faculty before 1970 |last=Freidenreich|first=Harriet Pass|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531182448/http://www.brandeis.edu/hbi/pubs/Harriet%20Freidenreich%20Paper.doc |archive-date=2010-05-31 }}
Ernst Gräfenberg, obstetrician, the intrauterine device, the G-spot{{cite web|url=http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/GRAFENBERG.HTM|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061216120809/http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/GRAFENBERG.HTM|title=Archive for Sexology|archive-date=December 16, 2006}}
Martin Gumpert, physician, writer{{Cite journal|title=In the Shadow of Sudhoff: German Medical History in the Weimar Republic|first=VIVIAN|last=NUTTON|date=October 1, 2005|journal=Medical History|volume=49|issue=4|pages=521–524|doi=10.1017/S0025727300009200|pmc=1251644}}
Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, physician (converted to Christianity){{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/710.html|title=Friedrich Gustav Jacob Henle|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Sir Bernard Katz, biophysicist, Nobel Prize (1970){{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1970/katz/biographical/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970|website=NobelPrize.org}}
Hans Kornberg, biochemist researcher{{cite web|url=http://www.jbc.org/cgi/reprint/278/12/9993|title=Memoirs of a Biochemical Hod Carrier|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2007-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091333/http://www.jbc.org/cgi/reprint/278/12/9993}}
Hans Kosterlitz, discovered endorphins{{cite web |url=http://www.berghahnbooksonline.com/books/limberggermans/abs/50841_bios.pdf |title=Biographical Information|page=185 |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013070006/http://www.berghahnbooksonline.com/books/limberggermans/abs/50841_bios.pdf |archive-date=2007-10-13 }}
Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953){{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1541.html|title=Sir Hans Adolf Krebs|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Rudolph Lennhoff, developed the open air cure for tuberculosis{{cite web |title=Jüdische Schriftstellerrinnen und Schriftsteller in Westfalen |url=http://www.juedischeliteraturwestfalen.de/index.php?valex=101&vArticle=1&author_id=00000205&id=1 |publisher=Universität Paderborn |access-date=26 October 2019 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Fritz Lipmann, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953){{cite journal|url=http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/276/46/42619?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=40&resourcetype=HWCIT|title=Hitler's Gift and the Era of Biosynthesis|date=2001 |doi=10.1074/jbc.R100051200 |doi-access=free |access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2007-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929121325/http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/276/46/42619?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=40&resourcetype=HWCIT |last1=Kennedy |first1=Eugene P. |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |volume=276 |issue=46 |pages=42619–42631 |pmid=11559714 }}
Jacques Loeb, physiologist{{cite web|url=http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~alroy/lefa/Loeb.html|title=Lefalophodon: Jacques Loeb|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2006-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209093020/http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~alroy/lefa/Loeb.html}}
Otto Loewi, pharmacologist, Nobel Prize (1936){{Cite journal|title=Otto Loewi †|first=H. H.|last=Dale|date=December 1, 1950|journal=Ergebnisse der Physiologie Biologischen Chemie und Experimentellen Pharmakologie|volume=52|issue=1|pages=1–19|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/BF02260933|s2cid=40182910}}
Elisabeth Mann, biologist (Jewish mother)http://www.picture-newsletter.com/thomas-mann/index.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070108041726/http://www.picture-newsletter.com/thomas-mann/index.htm |date=2007-01-08 }} "he married Katia Pringsheim, daughter of a well-known Jewish family of intellectuals. They had six children: Klaus, Erika, Golo, Monika, Elisabeth and Michael"
Otto Meyerhof, biochemist, Nobel Prize (1922) (Jewish father){{Cite book|url=http://www.bookrags.com/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof/|title=Otto Fritz Meyerhof Summary|via=www.bookrags.com}}
Oskar Minkowski, physiologist{{Cite journal|title=Oskar Minkowski: Discovery of the pancreatic origin of diabetes, 1889|first=R.|last=Luft|date=July 1, 1989|journal=Diabetologia|volume=32|issue=7|pages=399–401|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/BF00271257|pmid=2680696|s2cid=30438124|doi-access=free}}
Albert Neisser, physician, discovered the cause of gonorrhea (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2441.html|title=Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser|website=www.whonamedit.com}}
Emin Pasha, physician, naturalist, explorerhttp://www.ghil.ac.uk/Abstract_Zimmerer.pdf {{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Ludwig Pick, pathologist. Pioneering research on pheochromocytoma.
Nathanael Pringsheim, botanist{{Cite journal|title=Nathanael Pringsheim and the Foundation of the Biologische Anstalt Helgoland|first=D.|last=Mollenhauer|date=March 1, 1995|journal=Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen|volume=49|issue=1|pages=113–116|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/BF02368340|bibcode=1995HM.....49..113M|s2cid=44236888|doi-access=free}}
Ottomar Rosenbach, physician
Moritz Heinrich Romberg, physician, innovative author in neuroscience
Selma Schwester, longtime head nurse at Shaare Zedek Hospital, JerusalemSteinberg, Ruth. "Schwester Selma" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=yWewAAAACAAJ&dq=torah+profile&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Io2fUtTvA42u7AbQ9YHwCw&redir_esc=y|The Torah Profile: A Treasury of Biographical Sketches], Rabbi Nisson Wolpin, ed. 1988: Mesorah Publications, Ltd., {{ISBN|089906860X}}, p. 279.
Karl Stern, Canadian neurologist, psychiatrist, author
Rahel Straus (1880–1963), medical doctor and feminist
Ludwig Traube (1818–1876), medical doctor, introduced regular tracking of vital signs (respiration, temperature, pulse)
Moshe Wallach, founder and director, Shaare Zedek Hospital, Jerusalem{{Cite Tidhar|1|429|ד"ר משה ואלאך|title=Moshe Wallach}}
Carl Warburg, doctor of medicine and clinical pharmacologist.Friedenwald, H. (1946), Jewish Luminaries in Medical History
Otto Heinrich Warburg, physiologist, Nobel Prize (1931) (Jewish father)
Karl Weigert, pathologist{{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2431.html|title=Carl Weigert|website=www.whonamedit.com}}

=Mathematicians=

Felix Bernstein, set theory (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Printonly/Doetsch.html |title=Doetsch (print-only) |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929130517/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Printonly/Doetsch.html |url-status=dead }}
Maurice Block, statistician{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Block, Maurice |volume=4 |page=72}}
Richard Brauer, modular representation theory{{Cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Brauer.html |title=Brauer biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712205017/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Brauer.html |url-status=dead }}
Paul Cohn, algebraist[http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Obits2/Cohn_Times.html Obituary in The Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405004854/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Obits2/Cohn_Times.html |date=2008-04-05 }} "he was born in Hamburg in 1924 to Jewish parents" Accessed 9 July 2008.
Richard Courant, mathematical analysis and applied mathematics{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Courant/|title=Richard Courant - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Max Dehn, topology{{cite web|last=Dawson Jr|first=John W|url=https://www.ams.org/notices/200209/fea-dawson.pdf|title=Max Dehn, Kurt Gödel, and the Trans-Siberian Escape Route}}
Paul Epstein, number theory{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Epstein/|title=Paul Epstein - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Adolf Fraenkel, set theory{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Fraenkel/|title=Abraham Fraenkel - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Hans Freudenthal, algebraic topology{{cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Freudenthal.html |title=Freudenthal biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2006-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061231191926/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Freudenthal.html }}
Friedrich Hartogs, mathematician
Felix Hausdorff, topology{{cite web|url=http://www-groups.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Hausdorff.html |title=Error.HTML |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930092556/http://www-groups.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Hausdorff.html |archive-date=2007-09-30 }}
Heinz Hopf, topology (Jewish father){{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Hopf/|title=Heinz Hopf - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Adolf Hurwitz, mathematician{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Hurwitz/|title=Adolf Hurwitz - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, analysis{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Jacobi/|title=Carl Jacobi - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Leopold Kronecker, number theory{{cite web|url=http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Kronecker.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928081831/http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Kronecker.html|title=Kronecker biography|archive-date=September 28, 2006}}
Edmund Landau, number theory{{cite web|url=http://www.ma.huji.ac.il/~landau/landau.html|title=Edmund Landau (1877-1938)|website=www.ma.huji.ac.il}}
Rudolf Lipschitz, mathematician{{cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Mathematics_Comp.html|title=Jewish Mathematicians|website=www.jinfo.org}}
Kurt Mahler, mathematician{{cite web|url=http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Mahler.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927042646/http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Mahler.html|title=Mahler biography|archive-date=September 27, 2007}}
Hermann Minkowski, geometrical theory of numbersContemporary Authors V 162 By Rooney, Scot Peacock, p. 169
Claus Moser, statistician{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717011519/http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/entertainment/previewsandreviews/content_objectid%3D13939784_method%3Dfull_siteid%3D50061_page%3D5_headline%3D-A-brush-withour-darkest-hour-name_page.html|title=Liverpool Echo: Latest Liverpool and Merseyside news, sports and what's on|archive-date=July 17, 2012|website=liverpoolecho}}
Leonard Nelson, mathematician, philosopher (converted to Christianity){{cite journal

|title = Leonard Nelson zum Gedächtnis by Minna Specht, Willi Eichler

|last = Reiss

|first = H. S.

|journal = The British Journal of Sociology

|publisher = London School of Economics and Political Science

|issn = 1468-4446

|volume = 5

|issue = 3

|year = 1954

|pages = 290–91

|doi = 10.2307/587095

|jstor = 587095

}}

Bernhard Neumann, mathematician{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Neumann_Bernhard/|title=Bernhard Neumann - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Emmy Noether, algebra and theoretical physics{{cite web|url=http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/Phase2/Noether,_Amalie_Emmy@861234567.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209173811/http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/Phase2/Noether%2C_Amalie_Emmy%40861234567.html|title=CWP at physics.UCLA.edu // Noether|archive-date=December 9, 2006}}
Alfred Pringsheim, analysis, theory of functions{{cite web |url=http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pringsheim.html |title=Pringsheim biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930010909/http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pringsheim.html |archive-date=2007-09-30 }}
Richard Rado, combinatorics{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Rado_Richard/|title=Richard Rado - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Robert Remak, group theory
Abraham Robinson, nonstandard analysis{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Robinson/|title=Abraham Robinson - Biography|website=Maths History}}{{cite web|url=http://phys4.harvard.edu/~wilson/publications/Human%20rights%20letters.html |title=Letters_to Newspapers |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216003609/http://phys4.harvard.edu/~wilson/publications/Human%20rights%20letters.html |archive-date=2007-02-16 }}
Arthur Moritz Schönflies, mathematician{{cite web |url=http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Schonflies.html |title=Schonflies biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929100248/http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Schonflies.html |archive-date=2007-09-29 }}
Issai Schur, mathematician{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Schur/|title=Issai Schur - Biography|website=Maths History}}
Reinhold Strassmann, mathematician
Otto Toeplitz, linear algebra and functional analysis{{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Toeplitz/|title=Otto Toeplitz - Biography|website=Maths History}}

=Technical scientists=

Ralph Baer, inventor of the games console{{cite web|url=http://www.videotopia.com/edit2.htm|title=Electronic Nation - Chapter 2|website=www.videotopia.com}}
Emile Berliner, inventor of the gramophone{{cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Emile_Berliner|title=Emile Berliner - Engineering and Technology History Wiki|website=ethw.org|date=22 January 2016}}
Emanuel Goldberg (1881–1970, from Russia, but published in German), pioneered Microdots and microfilm retrieval technology{{cite web|url=https://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~buckland/goldberg.html|title=Emanuel Goldberg Page|website=people.ischool.berkeley.edu}}
Julius Edgar Lilienfeld, electrical engineer{{cite web|url=http://www.ieee.org/portal/cms_docs_iportals/iportals/aboutus/history_center/conferences/che2004/VanDormael.pdf |title=Services Update |website=Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |access-date=2012-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310102910/http://www.ieee.org/portal/cms_docs_iportals/iportals/aboutus/history_center/conferences/che2004/VanDormael.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-10 }}
Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer{{cite web|url=http://www.virtualvienna.net/columns/billie/automuseums.html |title=Virtual Vienna Net - Through Billie Ann's Eyes - Austrian Old Timer Automobile Museums |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210142542/http://www.virtualvienna.net/columns/billie/automuseums.html |archive-date=2007-02-10 }}
Michael O. Rabin, computer algorithms, Turing Award (1976){{Cite web|url=http://www.emetprize.org.il/Index.asp?ArticleID=101&CategoryID=83&Page=1|title=סיעוד – פורטל סיעוד בישראל | סיעוד וטיפול סיעודי|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Reinhold Rudenberg, electrical engineer and inventor,Reinhold Rudenberg
Adolf Schallamach, pioneered understanding of friction and wear phenomena in rubber
Joseph Weizenbaum, AI critic, ELIZA{{cite web|url=http://www.ilmarefilm.org/W_E_1.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706101738/http://www.ilmarefilm.org/W_E_1.htm|title=IL MARE FILM - WEIZENBAUM. REBEL AT WORK.|archive-date=July 6, 2011|website=www.ilmarefilm.org}}

=Psychologists=

Karl Abraham, psychoanalyst{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1093/mj/kjj001|title = Atheist Jew or Atheist Jew: Freud's Jewish Question and Ours|journal = Modern Judaism - A Journal of Jewish Ideas and Experience|volume = 26|pages = 1–14|year = 2006|last1 = Geller|first1 = Jay| issue=1 |s2cid = 170903110}}
Rudolf Arnheim, perception theorist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Erik Erikson, developmental psychologist (Jewish mother){{Cite web |url=http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_erikson.htm |title=Erik Erikson Biography |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106023032/http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_erikson.htm |url-status=dead }}
Erich Fromm, psychologist and humanistic philosopher{{cite web |url=http://www.psychology.duq.edu/faculty/burston/legacy.html |title=Dr. Daniel Burston |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070106203254/http://www.psychology.duq.edu/faculty/burston/legacy.html |archive-date=2007-01-06 }}
Erika Fromm, psychologist and co-founder of hypnoanalysis.
Benedict Friedlaender, sexologist
Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, psychoanalyst{{cite web|url=https://metapress.com/|title=Metapress | A Fast Growing Resource for Young Entrepreneurs|website=Metapress}}
Kurt Goldstein, Gestalt-influenced neurologist{{cite web|url=http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~duchan/history_subpages/kurtgoldstein.html|title=Judy Duchan's History of Speech - Language Pathology|website=www.acsu.buffalo.edu}}
Max Hamilton, psychiatristOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the son of Jewish parents"
Magnus Hirschfeld, sexologist{{cite web|url=http://intersections.anu.edu.au/issue14/bauer.html|title=Intersections: Magnus Hirschfeld: Panhumanism and the Sexual Cultures of Asia|website=intersections.anu.edu.au}}
Kurt Koffka, Gestalt psychologist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Kurt Lewin, social psychologist{{Cite web |url=http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_lewin.htm |title=Kurt Lewin Biography and Timeline (1890–1947) |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2014-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107220414/http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_lewin.htm |url-status=dead }}
Hugo Münsterberg, industrial psychologist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Ulric Neisser, cognitive psychologist (Jewish father)Encyclopedia Judaica (Keter, Jerusalem, 1972, vol. 12, p. 945)
Erich Neumann, analytical psychologist{{cite web|url=https://pep-web.org/browse/document/jaa.024.0188a|title=PEP | Browse | Read - Lingering Shadows: Jungians, Freudians and Anti-Semitism: Aryeh Maidenbaum and Stephen A. Martin, Shambala, Boston, 1991, 416 pp., $35 (for Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis).|website=pep-web.org}}
Fritz Perls, psychotherapist{{Cite book|title=Amazon.co.uk|id={{ASIN|0803984537|country=uk}}}}
Harvey (née Heinz) Schloesser, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst
Otto Selz, cognitive psychologist{{Cite book|title=The Life Cycle of Psychological Ideas: Understanding Prominence and the Dynamics of Intellectual Change|first1=Thomas C.|last1=Dalton|first2=Bernard J.|last2=Baars|chapter=Consciousness Regained |editor1-first=Thomas C.|editor1-last=Dalton|editor2-first=Rand B.|editor2-last=Evans|date=January 21, 2005|publisher=Springer US|pages=203–247|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/0-306-48010-7_9|isbn=0-306-47998-2 }}
William Stern, the Intelligence Quotient{{citation |mode=cs1 |section-url=http://www1.uni-hamburg.de/rz3a035//edmundsiemersallee.html |section=Buildings Integral to the Former Life and/or Persecution of Jews in Hamburg - Rotherbaum II/Harvestehude |title=A history of Jews in Hamburg |publisher=Universität Hamburg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070913012451/http://www1.uni-hamburg.de/rz3a035/ |archive-date=September 13, 2007}}
Max Wertheimer, Gestalt psychologist{{cite web|url=http://faculty.frostburg.edu/mbradley/psyography/datelines_wertheimer.html |title=Max Wertheimer |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070105233355/http://faculty.frostburg.edu/mbradley/psyography/datelines_wertheimer.html |archive-date=2007-01-05 }}

Academic figures

=Philosophers=

Theodor Adorno (1903–1969), philosopher (Jewish father){{Cite web|url=https://iep.utm.edu/adorno/|title=Adorno, Theodor | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Hannah Arendt, political philosopher{{cite web |last=Liukkonen |first=Petri |title=Hannah Arendt |url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/arendt.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206114923/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/arendt.htm |archive-date=6 February 2007 |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland}}
Leo Strauss, political philosopher{{Cite web |title=The Leo Strauss Center |url=https://leostrausscenter.uchicago.edu/ |access-date=2023-01-15 |website=leostrausscenter.uchicago.edu}}
Ernst Bloch, philosopher{{cite web|url=https://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=448|title=Ernst Bloch|website=www.litencyc.com}}
Constantin Brunner, philosopher[http://www.constantinbrunner.info/ constantinbrunner.info]
Ernst Cassirer, philosopher{{cite web |url=http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9359963/Ernst-Cassirer |title=Ernst Cassirer (German philosopher) - Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2006-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026080053/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9359963/Ernst-Cassirer |archive-date=2007-10-26 }}
Hermann Cohen, philosopher{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/hermann-cohen|title=Hermann Cohen|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Friedrich Dessauer, philosopher{{cite web |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/luminary/dessauer-friedrich |title=Friedrich Dessauer |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot |access-date=2006-07-14 |archive-date=2018-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143723/https://dbs.bh.org.il/luminary/dessauer-friedrich |url-status=dead }}
Max Dessoir, philosopher{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/8/article/172770|title=Rabbis Joseph B. Soloveitchik and Abraham Joshua Heschel on Jewish-Christian Relations|first=Reuven|last=Kimelman|date=May 6, 2004|journal=Modern Judaism|volume=24|issue=3|pages=251–271|doi=10.1093/mj/kjh019 |via=Project MUSE}}
Julius Frauenstädt, philosopher{{cite web|url=https://shekel.jct.ac.il/~green/philosophy.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060501011311/http://shekel.jct.ac.il/~green/philosophy.html|title=PHILOSOPHY|archive-date=May 1, 2006|website=shekel.jct.ac.il}}

Kurt Grelling, philosopher{{cite web|url=http://www.enabling.org/ia/gestalt/kgbio.html |title=Kurt Grelling Biography |access-date=2006-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427020338/http://enabling.org/ia/gestalt/kgbio.html |archive-date=2006-04-27 }}
Hermann Heller (legal scholar), philosopher
Richard Hönigswald (Jewish father){{Cite web|url=https://nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/|title=Biographical Memoirs Home|website=nasonline.org}}
Max Horkheimer (1895–1973), philosopher and sociologist{{cite web|url=http://construct.haifa.ac.il/~ilangz/Utopia4.html |title=Walter Benjamin and Max Horkheimer |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070123110818/http://construct.haifa.ac.il/~ilangz/Utopia4.html |archive-date=2007-01-23 }}
Edmund Husserl, philosopher (converted to Christianity){{Cite web|url=https://iep.utm.edu/husserl/|title=Husserl, Edmund | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Hans Jonas, philosopher[http://www.asu.edu/csrc/events/conferences/archive/conferences_jonas.html Home | The Center for the Study of Religion and Conflict]
Horace Kallen, philosopher{{cite web|url=http://www.hsozkult.de/event/id/event-53493|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025021924/http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/termine/id%3D2796|title=From Pre-modern Corporation to Post-modern Pluralism | H-Soz-Kult. Kommunikation und Fachinformation für die Geschichtswissenschaften | Geschichte im Netz | History in the web|date=January 21, 2022|archive-date=October 25, 2007|website=H-Soz-Kult. Kommunikation und Fachinformation für die Geschichtswissenschaften}}
Adolf Lasson, philosopher
Theodor Lessing, philosopher, writer{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishagency.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024094935/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/jafi75/timeline2a.html|title=The Jewish Agency for Israel - U.S.|archive-date=October 24, 2007|website=www.jewishagency.org}}
Karl Löwith, philosopher{{Cite book|title=Heidegger's Children: Hannah Arendt, Karl Lowith, Hans Jonas, and Herbert Marcuse.|first=Richard|last=Wolin|date=November 1, 2001|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0691070199 }}
Salomon Maimon, philosopher{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Salomon-Maimon|title=Salomon Maimon | Jewish philosopher | Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=25 March 2024 }}
Fritz Mauthner, author and philosopher{{cite web|url=https://www.cjh.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928013730/http://www.cjh.org/nhprc/FritzMauthner02.html|title=Center for Jewish History :: 15 W. 16th Street NY, NY 10011|archive-date=September 28, 2007|website=www.cjh.org}}
Moses Mendelssohn, philosopher, scholar{{cite web|url=http://www.sullivan-county.com/id2/mendelssohn.htm|title=Who is Moses Mendelssohn?|website=www.sullivan-county.com}}
Helmuth Plessner, philosopher (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://www.uni-potsdam.de/u/philosophie/hpg/seiten/seite.php?layout%3Dbildhome%26inhalt%3Dengl |title=Helmuth Plessner Gesellschaft |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205202324/http://www.uni-potsdam.de/u/philosophie/hpg/seiten/seite.php?layout=bildhome&inhalt=engl |archive-date=2006-12-05 }}
Hans Reichenbach, philosopher (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://faculty.oxy.edu/traiger/publications/reichenbach.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061210174411/http://faculty.oxy.edu/traiger/publications/reichenbach.html|title=The Han Reichenbach Archives - An Overview|archive-date=December 10, 2006}}
Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy, philosopher (Jewish father){{cite web |url=http://www.valley.net/~transnat/erhbio.html |title=Biography of Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121220233219/http://www.valley.net/~transnat/erhbio.html |archive-date=2012-12-20 }}
Max Scheler, philosopher (Jewish mother)Max Scheler, 1874–1928: An Intellectual Portrait by John Raphael Staude
Edith Stein, philosopher, martyr and saint of the Catholic Church
Kurt Sternberg, philosopherEncyclopaedia Judaica art. Sternberg, Kurt
Richard Rudolf Walzer, philosopher (Jewish Year Book 1975 p. 214)

=Economists=

Robert Aumann, Nobel Prize for Economics{{Cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2005/aumann-autobio.html|title=Robert J. Aumann - Autobiography|website=nobelprize.org|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Richard Ehrenberg, economist (converted to Christianity){{cite web | url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/library/speccoll/cgjs/archive/elton_item.php?item_id=144 |title = German Jewish Collections}}
Ludwig Lachmann, economistHayek's Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F. A. Hayek - p. 145
Emil Lederer, economist[http://www.jinfo.org/Economists.html JInfo list of economists] accessed 17 May 2007
Robert Liefmann, economist[http://www.io.uni-freiburg.de/visiting-scholars/living.html?set_language=en Living — International Office] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128034427/http://www.io.uni-freiburg.de/visiting-scholars/living.html?set_language=en |date=2010-11-28 }}
Adolph Lowe, economist{{Cite web|url=https://archives.albany.edu/description/catalog/ger022|title=Adolph Lowe Papers, 1915-1996 - M.E. Grenander Department of Special Collections & Archives|website=archives.albany.edu}}
Rosa Luxemburg, economist, co-founder of the KPD{{cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/l/u.htm|title=Glossary of People: L|website=www.marxists.org}}
Peretz Naftali, economist, editor, later Israeli finance ministerRiemer, Yehuda. Fritz Peretz Naphtali, A Social Democrat in Two Worlds. Hassifriya Haziyonit, Jerusalem 1996
Sigbert Prais, economist (JYB 2005 p. 215)
Reinhard Selten, Nobel prize{{cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Nobels_Economics.html|title=Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Economics|website=www.jinfo.org}} (1994)
Hans Singer, economist(The Economist, March 11th 2006, p. 95: "born a Jew")

=Social Scientists=

Reinhard Bendix, sociologisthttp://www.hhs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/15/3/25.pdf {{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Eduard Bernstein, founder of evolutionary socialism{{cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/bernstein/bio/biography.htm|title=Eduard Bernstein Biography by Ted Crawford|website=www.marxists.org}}
Franz Boas, cultural anthropologist{{cite web|url=http://www.aaanet.org/gad/history/075opler.pdf |title=Franz Boas: Religion and Theory - On Opler On White On Boas: More Tradition |last1=Opler|last2=Amsbury|first1=Morris E|first2=Clifton|publisher=American Anthropologist|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927092833/http://www.aaanet.org/gad/history/075opler.pdf |archive-date=2006-09-27 }}
Lewis A. Coser, sociologist{{Cite book|url=http://www.bookrags.com/Lewis_A._Coser/|title=Lewis A. Coser Summary|via=www.bookrags.com}}
Norbert Elias, sociologist{{Cite journal|title=Norbert Elias and "the civilizing process"|first=Rod|last=Aya|date=March 1, 1978|journal=Theory and Society|volume=5|issue=2|pages=219–228|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/BF01702162|s2cid=145515487}}
Amitai Etzioni, sociologist{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishworldreview.com/0702/etzioni1.asp|title=Amitai Etzioni|website=www.jewishworldreview.com}}
Shelomo Dov Goitein, Arabist{{cite web|url=http://www.princeton.edu/~geniza/goitein.html |title=Princeton University - Geniza Project |access-date=2011-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010171157/http://www.princeton.edu/~geniza/goitein.html |archive-date=2011-10-10 }}
Moses Hess, socialist{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/moses-hess|title=Moses Hess|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Eugene Kamenka, sociologist{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/counterpoint/are-australians-racist-transcript-available/3336932|title=Are Australians racist? (transcript available)|date=April 3, 2006|website=ABC Radio National}}
Siegfried Kracauer, sociologist and film critic[http://www.princeton.edu/~judaic/OldJWSTWebsite/conf/speakers.html Program in Judaic Studies, Princeton University]
Ferdinand Lassalle, founder of first German worker's party{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Lassalle|title=Ferdinand Lassalle | German political leader | Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=27 August 2023 }}
Karl Mannheim, sociologist{{Cite web|url=http://www.safarix.com/0131109006/ch11|title=Redirect|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Herbert Marcuse, sociologist, New Left figurehead{{cite web|url=https://www.marcuse.org/herbert/newsevents/1970/709PlayboyInt.htm|title=Herbert Marcuse, Sept. 1970 Playboy article|website=www.marcuse.org}}
Karl Marx, founder of Marxism (parents converted to Protestantism){{cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/people/pm/Karl_Marx.html|title=Religion of Karl Marx: Jewish Lutheran turned atheist Marxist|date=November 19, 2005|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051119112841/http://www.adherents.com/people/pm/Karl_Marx.html|archive-date=2005-11-19}}
Franz Oppenheimer, sociologist and economist{{cite web | url=http://www.franz-oppenheimer.de/al64a.htm |title = In Memoriam Franz Oppenheimer}}
Leo Loewenthal, sociologist{{cite web|url=https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft8779p24p&brand=ucpress|title=An Unmastered Past|website=publishing.cdlib.org}}
Georg Simmel, sociologist{{cite web | url=http://www.bolender.com/Sociological%20Theory/Simmel,%20Georg/PowerPoint%20Presentation%20of%20Georg%20Simmel/Georg%20Simmel.ppt | title=Ron Bolender | access-date=2007-01-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020060310/http://www.bolender.com/Sociological%20Theory/Simmel,%20Georg/PowerPoint%20Presentation%20of%20Georg%20Simmel/Georg%20Simmel.ppt | archive-date=2006-10-20 }}
Georg Steindorff, Egyptologist (Jewish father){{cite web |url=http://www.smu.edu/bridwell/specialcollections/steindorff/steindorff.htm |title=Steindorf Collection |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218092501/http://www.smu.edu/bridwell/specialcollections/steindorff/steindorff.htm |archive-date=2007-02-18 }}
Jacob Taubes, theologist{{cite web |url=http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?book_id=3344%203345 |title=The Political Theology of Paul - Jacob Taubes
Translated by Dana Hollander |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927224748/http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?book_id=3344%203345 |archive-date=2007-09-27 }}
Louis Wirth, sociologist{{cite web|url=https://www.enotes.com/topics/louis-wirth|title=Louis Wirth Critical Essays - eNotes.com|website=eNotes}}

=Historians=

Ernst Bernheim, historianIrene Blechle, Entdecker der Hochschulpädagogik. Die Universitätsreformer Ernst Bernheim und Hans Schmidkunz. Shaker Verlag, Aachen 2002, {{ISBN|3-8265-9943-8}}

Bernhard Brilling (1906–1987), historian and archivist of German Jewry
Walter Cahn, art historian{{cite web| url=http://arthistorians.info/cahnw| title=Cahn, Walter B| date=2018-02-21| access-date=2019-06-01| archive-date=2019-06-01| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601233527/http://arthistorians.info/cahnw}}
Colin Eisler, art historian{{cite web|url = http://arthistorians.info/eislerc|title = Eisler, Colin T|date = 2018-02-21|access-date = 2019-06-01|archive-date = 2019-06-01|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190601233531/http://arthistorians.info/eislerc}}
Geoffrey Rudolph Elton (son of Victor Ehrenberg) {{cite web|url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/cgjs/1-2-2.html |title=The Elton / Ehrenberg Papers : Centre for German-Jewish Studies: University of Sussex |date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025063939/http://www.sussex.ac.uk/cgjs/1-2-2.html |access-date=2022-03-21|archive-date=2007-10-25 }}
Richard Ettinghausen, art historian{{cite web |url=http://arthistorians.info/ettinghausenr |title=Dictionary of Art Historians - Richard Ettinghausen |access-date=2018-11-07 |archive-date=2018-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922024907/http://arthistorians.info/ettinghausenr }}
Henry Friedlander, historian[http://www.ideajournal.com/edboard.php?id=4 Henry Friedlander]
Peter Gay, historian{{Cite book|title=My German Question: Growing Up in Nazi Berlin|first=Peter|last=Gay|date=November 10, 1999|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0300080700 }}
Heinrich Graetz, historianEncyclopedia Judaica, 2 ed, vol. 8, sv. "Graetz, Heinrich"
George W. F. Hallgarten, historian{{cite web |url=http://www.nsec-88.org/knihy/The-myth/19.html |title=The Myth of the Six Million -- Nazi Leaders and Extermination |access-date=2006-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051104174432/http://nsec-88.org/knihy/The-myth/19.html |archive-date=2005-11-04 }}
Eric Hobsbawm, historian{{Cite journal|url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v30/n02/eric-hobsbawm/diary|title=Eric Hobsbawm · Diary: Memories of Weimar · LRB 24 January 2008|first=Eric|last=Hobsbawm|journal=London Review of Books|date=January 24, 2008|volume=30|issue=2|via=www.lrb.co.uk}}
Isaak Markus Jost, historian
Ernst Kantorowicz, historian of medieval political and intellectual history
Richard Krautheimer, historian{{cite web |url=http://www.aps-pub.com/proceedings/1482/480208.pdf |title=Richard Krautheimer|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927010629/http://www.aps-pub.com/proceedings/1482/480208.pdf |archive-date=2007-09-27 }}
Arno Lustiger, historian{{cite web|url=http://www.ushmm.org/research/library/books/detail.php?content=2001-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226050314/http://www.ushmm.org/research/library/books/detail.php?content=2001-04-22|title=Search the Collections — United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|archive-date=December 26, 2007}}
Golo Mann, historian (Jewish mother){{cite web|url=http://www.ajr.org.uk/pastjournal05.htm|title=AJR Journal|website=www.ajr.org.uk}}
George Mosse, historian{{cite web|url=http://history.wisc.edu/mosse/georgelmosse.htm |title=George L. Mosse Program in History |access-date=2012-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822101129/http://history.wisc.edu/mosse/georgelmosse.htm |archive-date=2012-08-22 }}
Erwin Panofsky, art historian
Otto Rahn, historian of legends about the holy grail{{cite web |url=http://www.otto-rahn.com/otto-rahn-biography |magazine = Otto Rahn Memorial |date = 2014 |access-date = 2014-07-18|title = Otto Rahn Biography | Otto Rahn Memorial }}
Hans Rothfels, historian{{cite web | url=http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/Bassford/Chapter19.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021105120123/http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/Bassford/Chapter19.htm | archive-date=2002-11-05 |title = Clausewitz in English: Chapter 19}}
Fritz Stern, historian{{cite web|url=http://www.lbi.org/fritzstern.html |title=Fritz Stern Speech |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209051245/http://www.lbi.org/fritzstern.html |archive-date=2006-12-09 }}
Aby Warburg, art historian
Rudolf Wittkower, architectural and art historian
Michael Wolffsohn, historian{{cite web|url=https://marcuse.faculty.history.ucsb.edu/publications/reviews/wolfrev.968.htm|title=Marcuse review of Wolffsohn, Deutschland-Akte|website=marcuse.faculty.history.ucsb.edu}}

=Jurists=

Jacob Friedrich Behrend, jurist
David Daube, Professor of Law{{cite web | url=http://www.klostermann.de/recht/rec_3363.htm |title = Vittorio Klostermann – Philosophie, Recht, Literatur, Bibliothek}}
Heinrich Dernburg, jurist (converted to Christianity){{Cite book |last=Sinzheimer |first=Hugo |title=Jüdische Klassiker der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft |publisher=Menno Hertzberger |year=1938 |location=Amsterdam |pages=93}}{{Cite web |last=Wesenberg |first=Gerhard |title=Dernburg, Heinrich |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz45690.html#ndbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}
Victor Ehrenberg, jurist (converted to Christianity)Personal Memoirs by Victor Ehrenberg, Privately Published, 1971
Eugen Ehrlich (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |last=Döhring |first=Erich |title=Ehrlich, Eugen |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz12717.html#ndbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}
Eduard Gans (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |title=Eduard Gans {{!}} German jurist {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eduard-Gans |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}{{Cite journal |last=Braun |first=Johann |date=2014-11-01 |title="Vom Rechte, das mit uns geboren ist …" Erinnerungen an Eduard Gans (1797–1839), einen deutschen Juristen jüdischer Herkunft |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jajuz-2014-0105/html |journal=Jahrbuch der Juristischen Zeitgeschichte |language=de |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=181–193 |doi=10.1515/jajuz-2014-0105 |s2cid=185871862 |issn=1869-6902}}
Hugo Haase, jurist{{cite web |url=http://knud.eriksen.adr.dk/germany_jewish_question.htm |title=Germany and the Jewish Question |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130106062834/http://knud.eriksen.adr.dk/germany_jewish_question.htm |archive-date=2013-01-06 }}
Franz Haymann, jurist (converted to Christianity){{Cite journal |last=Mayer-Maly |first=Theo |date=1995-08-01 |title=I. Horst Göppinger, Juristen jüdischer Abstammung im "Dritten Reich", 2. Aufl. II. Tillmann Krach, Jüdische Rechtsanwälte in Preußen. III. Deutsche Juristen jüdischer Herkunft, hg. von Helmut Heinrichs, Harald Franzki, Klaus Schmalz und Michael Stolleis |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7767/zrgga.1995.112.1.667/html |journal=Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Germanistische Abteilung |language=en |volume=112 |issue=1 |pages=667–671 |doi=10.7767/zrgga.1995.112.1.667 |s2cid=163279769 |issn=2304-4861}}
Sir Otto Kahn-Freund, Professor of LawBritish Dictionary of National Biography
Julius Anton Glaser (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |last=Benedikt |first=Edmund |title=Glaser, Julius |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz21118.html#adbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}
Georg Jellinek (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |last=Hollerbach |first=Alexander |title=Jellinek, Georg |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz37130.html#ndbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}
Hermann Kantorowicz, jurist{{cite web|url=http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id=741|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060711230550/http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id=741|title=The German Law Journal|archive-date=July 11, 2006}}
Walter Kaskel, jurist{{cite web|url=http://www.jus.unitn.it/Cardozo/Review/Laborlaw/Nogler-1996/nogler.htm|title=IN MEMORY OF HUGO SINZHEIMER (1875- 1945): REMARKS ON THE METHODENSTREIT IN LABOUR LAW|website=www.jus.unitn.it|access-date=2007-01-18|archive-date=2006-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061027035555/http://www.jus.unitn.it/cardozo/Review/Laborlaw/Nogler-1996/nogler.htm|url-status=dead}}
Robert Kempner, jurist
Paul Laband, jurist, b. Breslau (converted to Christianity)Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Laband, Paul
Otto Lenel, jurist{{cite web|url=https://www.law.berkeley.edu/library/daube/independent.html|title=Independent (London) March 5th 1999|website=www.law.berkeley.edu}}
Ernst Levy, jurist{{Cite web |last=Biographie |first=Deutsche |title=Levy, Ernst - Deutsche Biographie |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz50860.html#ndbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=www.deutsche-biographie.de |language=de}}
Philipp Lotmar{{Cite book |last=Sinzheimer |first=Hugo |title=Jüdische Klassiker der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft |publisher=Menno Hertzberger |year=1938 |location=Amsterdam |pages=257}}
Kurt May (1896–1992), campaigner on behalf of the victims of Nazism
Franz Neumann, legal theorist{{cite web|url=https://www.wbenjamin.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061129040230/http://www.wbenjamin.org/neumannproject.html|title=Walter Benjamin - Biographie et Présentation|archive-date=November 29, 2006|website=Walter Benjamin}}
Arthur Nussbaum, jurist{{Cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jhil/3/2/article-p194_3.xml|title=The Discipline of the History of International Law|date=January 1, 2001|journal=Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d'histoire du droit international|volume=3|issue=2|pages=194–217|via=brill.com|doi=10.1163/15718050120956956}}
Joseph Süss Oppenheimer, financial planner and court Jew
Gabriel Riesser, deputy speaker of Frankfurt Assembly in 1848, first Jewish judge in Hamburg{{cite web|url=http://www.jura.uni-sb.de/FB/LS/Fiedler/Fiedler/Aufsaetze/riesser.html|title=Gabriel Riesser - a Famous Jewish "Father"of the German Constitution of 1849 -|website=www.jura.uni-sb.de|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2006-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060714062828/http://www.jura.uni-sb.de/FB/LS/Fiedler/Fiedler/Aufsaetze/riesser.html|url-status=dead}}
Rudolf Schlesinger, jurist{{Cite web |url=http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/4971/edition_id/91/format/html/displaystory.html |title=J. - Professor Rudolf Schlesinger, wife Ruth die together in S.F. |access-date=2006-08-20 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930032707/http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/4971/edition_id/91/format/html/displaystory.html }}
Georg Schwarzenberger, jurist{{Cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jhil/5/2/article-p387_6.xml|title="Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose": Georg Schwarzenberger's Power Politics|first=Stephanie|last=Steinle|date=January 1, 2003|journal=Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d'histoire du droit international|volume=5|issue=2|pages=387–402|via=brill.com|doi=10.1163/157180503770736226}}{{Cite book |last=Steinle |first=Stephanie |chapter=George Schwarzenberger (1908–1991) |editor-first=J. |editor-last=Beatson |editor2-first=R. |editor2-last=Zimmermann |title=Jurists Uprooted: German-speaking Émigré Lawyers in Twentieth-century Britain |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2004 |pages=663–680 |isbn=978-0-19-927058-3 }}
Eduard von Simson, President of the Reichstag, President of the Reichsgericht
Hugo Sinzheimer, legal scholar{{Cite journal|url=https://academic.oup.com/ilj/article-abstract/8/1/193/747702?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=Sir Otto Kahn-Freund, Q.C., F.B.A 1900–1979|date=1 January 1979|journal=Industrial Law Journal|volume=8|issue=1|pages=193–196|accessdate=19 February 2025|via=Silverchair|doi=10.1093/ilj/8.1.193 |last1=b.a.h. }}
Joseph Unger (converted to Christianity){{Cite book |last=Sinzheimer |first=Hugo |title=Jüdische Klassiker der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft |publisher=Menno Hertzberger |year=1938 |location=Amsterdam |pages=105}}
Wilhelm Eduard Wilda (converted to Christianity){{Cite web |last=Eisenhart |title=Wilda, Wilhelm |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz75114.html#adbcontent |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Deutsche Biographie |language=de}}
Sigmund Zeisler, jurist{{cite journal|url=http://www.chicagojewishhistory.org/pdf/CJH.2.1999.pdf |title=Chicago Jewish History - Rosa Raisa-Diva in the Golden Age of Opera |last=Chubat|first=Bev|journal= Chicago Jewish Historical Society|volume=23|number=2|date=1999|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007175145/http://www.chicagojewishhistory.org/pdf/CJH.2.1999.pdf |archive-date=2007-10-07 }}

=Linguists and philologists=

Paulus Aemilius, professor of Hebrew{{cite web|url=http://www.alemannia-judaica.de/roedelsee_synagoge.htm|title=Die Synagoge in Rödelsee (Kreis Kitzingen)|website=www.alemannia-judaica.de}}
Theodor Benfey, linguist (converted to Christianity){{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Benfey, Theodor |volume=3 |pages=728–729}}
Eduard Fraenkel, philologistOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "An unbaptized Jew"
Wilhelm Freund, philologist{{cite web |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/luminary/freund-wilhelm |title=Wilhelm Freund |access-date=2007-01-06 |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot |archive-date=2018-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143127/https://dbs.bh.org.il/luminary/freund-wilhelm |url-status=dead }}
Ludwig Friedländer, philologist {{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6376-friedlander-ludwig|title=FRIEDLÄNDER, LUDWIG - JewishEncyclopedia.com|website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}
Julius Fürst, orientalist{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Fürst, Julius |volume=11 |page=365}}
Theodor Goldstücker, linguist{{cite web |url=https://secure.peeters-leuven.be/POJ/downloadpdf.php?ticket_id=453c55926ddd9 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721193147/https://secure.peeters-leuven.be/POJ/downloadpdf.php?ticket_id=453c55926ddd9 |archive-date=2011-07-21 }}
Moshe Goshen-Gottstein, linguistEncyclopaedia Judaica, art. Goshen-Gottstein, Moshe; "born in Berlin"
Victor Klemperer, linguist and diarist{{cite web |url=http://www.doublestandards.org/klemperer.html |title=Victor Klemperer |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004060545/http://www.doublestandards.org/klemperer.html |archive-date=2006-10-04 }}
Siegbert Salomon Prawer, Professor of GermanJewish Year Book 2005 p. 215
Chaim Menachem Rabin, linguistEncyclopaedia Judaica, art. Rabin, Chaim Menachem; "born in Giessen, Germany"
Edward Sapir, anthropologist-linguist{{cite web|url=http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/pqrst/sapir_edward.html |title=Edward Sapir |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061210034953/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/pqrst/sapir_edward.html |archive-date=2006-12-10 }}
Ernest Simon, professor of Chinese(British Jewish Year Book 1980 p. 183)
Heymann Steinthal, linguist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

=Educationalists=

Lewis Elton, educationalist
Kurt Hahn,Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Berlin of Jewish parents" educationalist
Henriette May (1862–1928), German Jewish educator and women's activist

Entertainment

=Showbusiness=

Hugo Egon Balder, comedian, producer (Jewish mother){{cite web |url=http://w3.berlin-friedenau.com/front_content.php?idcat=12&idart=642 |title=Berlin-Friedenau - Kultur - Geschichte/Chronik - Geschichte und Geschichten |access-date=2006-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823131348/http://w3.berlin-friedenau.com/front_content.php?idcat=12 |archive-date=2006-08-23 }}
Mark Bellinghaus, actor, artist, writer, activist (Jewish mother){{cite web |url=https://www.laweekly.com/immortal-mayhem//front_content.php?idcat=12&idart=642 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2021-06-21 |archive-url=https://www.laweekly.com//front_content.php?idcat=12 |archive-date=2007-10-01 }} {{dead link|date=March 2025}}
Ludwig Berger, director{{cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Ludwig_Berger.html|title=The religion of Ludwig Berger, director|date=March 8, 2006|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060308090509/http://www.adherents.com/people/pb/Ludwig_Berger.html|archive-date=2006-03-08}}
Lotte Berk, dancer and health guruOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only daughter of Jewish parents"
Christian Berkel, actor
Kurt Bernhardt, directorPatrick McGilligan, Fritz Lang: The Nature of the Beast, St. Martin's Press: New York (1997), p. 172
Ludwig Blattner: film producer and studio owner, developer of the first magnetic tape recorder.
Artur Brauner, film producer{{cite web|url=http://www.german-films.de/en/germanfilmsquaterly/previousissues/seriesgermanfilmproducers/arturbrauner/index.html |title=German films - Producer's Portrait |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928064413/http://www.german-films.de/en/germanfilmsquaterly/previousissues/seriesgermanfilmproducers/arturbrauner/index.html |archive-date=2007-09-28 }}
Friedrich Dalsheim, director{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,759629,00.html|title=Also Showing - TIME|date=September 30, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930110217/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,759629,00.html|archive-date=2007-09-30}}
Michael Degen, actor{{cite web|url=https://www.prisma.de/stars/Michael-Degen,69712|title=Michael Degen - Infos und Filme|website=Prisma}}
Ernst Dohm, actor, editor{{cite web|url=http://www.ohiou.edu/~chastain/ip/kladder.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060909052158/http://www.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/ip/kladder.htm|title=Kladderadatsch|archive-date=September 9, 2006}}
Hedwig Dohm-Pringsheim, actress{{cite web|url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/61/187.html|title=Ingrid Strobl, Kristallnacht|website=www.hartford-hwp.com}}
E.A. Dupont, director{{cite web |url=http://www.laurahird.com/newreview/piccadilly.html |title=Anna May Wong in 'Piccadilly' article on the official website of Laura Hird |access-date=2007-01-18 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130127142012/http://www.laurahird.com/newreview/piccadilly.html |archive-date=2013-01-27 }}
Michel Friedman, TV personality{{Cite web |last=Paterson |first=Tony |date=17 June 2003 |title=Police investigate German chat show host as cocaine and call-girl scandal deepens |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article109219.ece |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070108185700/http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article109219.ece |archivedate=January 8, 2007 |website=The Independent |place=Berlin}}
Kurt Gerron, stage actor and film director{{cite web|url=http://www.7thart.com/joomla/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D104 |title=7th Art Releasing - Kurt Gerron's Karussel |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929144837/http://www.7thart.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=104 |archive-date=2007-09-29 }}
Dora Gerson, actress, cabaret singer{{cite web |url=http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=16862 |title=Classical music - andante - "beyond recall" |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311232519/http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=16862 |archive-date=2007-03-11 }}
Therese Giehse, actress Pepermill{{cite web|url=http://www.steffi-line.de/archiv_text/nost_buehne/06g_giehse.htm|title=Therese Giehse|website=www.steffi-line.de}}
Lou Jacobs, clown{{cite web|url=https://wheelerclown.tripod.com/Clownpage/Lou.html|title=Wheeler's Lou Jacobs biography|website=wheelerclown.tripod.com}}
Ludwig Karl Koch, broadcaster and sound recordistOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Being a Jew, Koch's life under the Nazi regime became increasingly intolerable"
Werner Klemperer, Movie, TV Hogan's Heroes and Broadway actor, violinist
Carl Laemmle, film producer{{Cite web|url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=188031&mod=bio|title=Error – Filmography – Movies – New York Times|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Robert Lembke, journalist and well-known TV show host (Jewish father){{cite web|url=https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&query=122157206|title=Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek|website=portal.dnb.de}}
Ernst Lubitsch, director{{cite web |url=http://www.adherents.com/people/pl/Ernst_Lubitsch.html |title=The religion of director Ernst Lubitsch |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2018-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011230859/http://www.adherents.com/people/pl/Ernst_Lubitsch.html |url-status=usurped }}
Jeanine Meerapfel, film director and screenwriterPlotkin, Janis. "Filmmakers, Independent European." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. 1 March 2009. Jewish Women's Archive.[http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/filmmakers-independent-european]. Accessed June 17, 2012.
Max Ophüls, film directorVincent Brook, Driven to Darkness: Jewish Emigré Directors and the Rise of Film Noir, Rutgers University Press, 2009, p. 1.
Richard Oswald, director{{Cite web |url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=105257 |title=Error – Filmography – Movies – New York Times |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2016-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409093406/http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=105257 |url-status=dead }}
Ferdinand Eduard Pahnecke, actorhttp://www1.un-hamburg.de/rz3a035//jh_welcome.html {{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Lilli Palmer, actress{{cite web |url=http://www.editrixoffice.com/DDUA_lili.htm |title=Editor's Blog: Lilli Palmer -- Not allowed to be German |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070117070916/http://www.editrixoffice.com/DDUA_lili.htm |archive-date=2007-01-17 }}
Luise Rainer, actress
Hans Rosenthal, one of Germany's most popular TV personalities in history{{cite web |url=http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=150901100890627 |title=H-Net Reviews |date=November 2004 |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061204161412/https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=150901100890627 |archive-date=2006-12-04 }}
Susan Sideropoulos, actress[http://www.juedisches-museum-berlin.de/site/EN/06-Press/03-Photo-Download/jewish-now/jewish-now.php Jüdisches Museum Berlin] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130206182016/http://www.juedisches-museum-berlin.de/site/EN/06-Press/03-Photo-Download/jewish-now/jewish-now.php |date=2013-02-06 }}
Robert Siodmak, director{{cite web|url=http://www.americancinematheque.com/archive1999/2002/filmnoir.htm|title=filmnoir|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2006-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020084032/http://www.americancinematheque.com/archive1999/2002/filmnoir.htm}}
Ruth Westheimer (born 1928), German-American sex therapist, talk show host, author, Doctor of Education, Holocaust survivor, and former Haganah sniper.{{cite web |url=http://www.fyi3.com/funstuff/fam_fosterKids/ruthWestheimer.cfm |title=FosterClub | Famous Foster Youth - Dr. Ruth Westheimer |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929100926/http://www.fyi3.com/funstuff/fam_fosterKids/ruthWestheimer.cfm |archive-date=2007-09-29 }}
Konrad Wolf, film directorRemembering History: The Filmmaker Konrad Wolf by Marc Silberman, New German Critique, No. 49, Special Issue on Alexander Kluge. (Winter, 1990), pp. 163–191
Peter Zadek, theatre directorTheatre Reviews: Opposites by Wilhelm Hortmann, Shakespeare Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 4. (Winter, 1982), pp. 513–515

=Musicians=

Samuel Adler, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.jhu.edu/jhso/about/adler.html|title=Samuel Adler|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2007-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217124409/http://www.jhu.edu/jhso/about/adler.html}}
Haim Alexander, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.hum.huji.ac.il/cja/NL12%20-%205th-seminar.htm |title=The Fifth International Seminar on Jewish Art |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208152049/http://www.hum.huji.ac.il/cja/NL12%20-%205th-seminar.htm |archive-date=2006-12-08 }}
Tzvi Avni, composer{{cite web|url=https://www.wiebkehoogklimmer.de/judeneng.htm|title=jewish contemporary composers for contralto and percussion, percussion solo and contralto solo - Vocal Recital. Wiebke Hoogklimmer - Contralto, Producer and Director|website=www.wiebkehoogklimmer.de}}
Paul Ben-Haim, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.milkenarchive.org/artists/artists.taf?artistid%3D300 |title=Paul Ben-Haim |publisher=Milken Archive|date= 27 September 2007|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003145/http://www.milkenarchive.org/artists/artists.taf?artistid=300 |archive-date=2007-09-27 }}
Julius Benedict, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Conductors.html|title=Jewish Orchestra Conductors|website=www.jinfo.org}}
Herman Berlinski, American composer, organist, pianist, musicologist and choir conductor{{cite web|url=http://www.jtsa.edu/x5853.xml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804064427/http://www.jtsa.edu/x5853.xml|title=The Jewish Theological Seminary - THE HERMAN BERLINSKI MUSIC COLLECTION|archive-date=August 4, 2010}}
Wolf Biermann, singer/songwriter (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://www.literaturfestival.com/bios1_3_6_574.html |title=Wolf Biermann |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061111230827/http://www.literaturfestival.com/bios1_3_6_574.html |archive-date=2006-11-11 }}
Yehezkel Braun, Israeli composer{{cite web|url=http://imi.org.il/site/composerInfo.asp?num%3D38 |title=BRAUN Yehezkel |publisher=Israel Music Institute|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218001228/http://imi.org.il/site/composerInfo.asp?num=38 |archive-date=2007-02-18 }}
Manfred Bukofzer, musicologist{{cite web |url=http://www.biu.ac.il/HU/mu/min-ad/06/Lachman-R-Katz.pdf |last=Katz|first=Ruth|publisher=The Hebrew University Magnes Press|date=2003|title="The Lachmann Problem": An Unsung Chapter in Comparative Musicology |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926221454/http://www.biu.ac.il/HU/mu/min-ad/06/Lachman-R-Katz.pdf }}
Paul Dessau, composerFritz Hennenberg: Paul Dessau. Eine Biographie
Abel Ehrlich, Israeli composer{{cite web|url=http://www.jmi.org.uk/suppressedmusic/thwarted_voices_2000.html |title=JEWISH MUSIC INSTITUTE - Suppressed Music, Thwarted Voices |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104537/http://www.jmi.org.uk/suppressedmusic/thwarted_voices_2000.html |archive-date=2006-10-04 }}
Alfred Einstein, musicologistAlfred Einstein on Music: Selected Music Criticisms by Catherine Dower
Hanns Eisler, German-born composer (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/eisler.htm |title=Hanns Eisler |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719052500/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/eisler.htm |archive-date=July 19, 2014 }}
Lukas Foss, composer and conductor{{Cite web|url=http://artists-in-residence.com/ljlehrman/articles/aufbau7.html|title=Articles written for AUFBAU by Leonard J. Lehrman|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Alexander Goehr, composerJewish Chronicle, July 13, 2001 p.25 "two Jewish composers, Alexander Goehr and Robert Saxton"
Walter Goehr, conductor{{cite web|url=http://www.jmi.org.uk/jminews/jminews_5.html |title=JEWISH MUSIC INSTITUTE - Newsletter 5, Spring 2002 |access-date=2010-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716080503/http://www.jmi.org.uk/jminews/jminews_5.html |archive-date=2011-07-16 }}
Berthold Goldschmidt, composerOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His was a cultured, musical Jewish family"
Bernard Greenhouse, cellist{{cite web|url=http://www.artworksberlin.de/englisch/mendelssohnplayers/index.html |title=Mendelssohn Players @ ART WORKs BERLIN |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227154013/http://www.artworksberlin.de/englisch/mendelssohnplayers/index.html |archive-date=2007-02-27 }}
Nina Hagen, German-Jewish origin from her father's side, Punk Rock Singer, she was considered an opera prodigy by the time she was nine. Her paternal grandfather died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.
George Henschel, singer and conductor{{Cite journal|url=https://academic.oup.com/oq/article-abstract/10/4/39/1494867?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=Brundibár at Theresienstadt: A People's Struggle to Maintain a Level of Musical Culture in the Face of Imminent Peril|first=JOE|last=PEARCE|date=1 July 1994|journal=The Opera Quarterly|volume=10|issue=4|pages=39–50|accessdate=19 February 2025|via=Silverchair|doi=10.1093/oq/10.4.39}}
Alfred Hertz, conductor{{Cite web |last=Eskenazi |first=Joe |date=July 23, 2004 |title=COVER STORY: Professor Dobbs' time machine |url=http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/23046/format/html/displaystory.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930034522/http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/23046/format/html/displaystory.html |archive-date=2007-09-30 |access-date=2007-01-06 |website=jewishsf.com}}
André Herzberg, musician (Pankow){{cite web |url=http://zeus.zeit.de/text/2006/05/Dt_-Isreal_Beziehung |title=Kultur: Leben im Zwiespalt {{!}} ZEIT ONLINE |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106072750/http://zeus.zeit.de/text/2006/05/Dt_-Isreal_Beziehung |archive-date=2007-11-06 }}
Ferdinand Hiller, composer, conductor and pianist
Gerard Hoffnung, musicologist {{cite web|url=http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Hoffnung_Gerard/Hoffnung_Gerard.htm |title=GERARD HOFFNUNG (1925-1959) |date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071112170949/http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Hoffnung_Gerard/Hoffnung_Gerard.htm |access-date=2022-03-21|archive-date=2007-11-12 }}
Friedrich Holländer, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.exil-archiv.de/html/biografien/hollaender.htm |title=Friedrich Hollaender |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426231214/http://www.exil-archiv.de/html/biografien/hollaender.htm |archive-date=2007-04-26 }}
Salomon Jadassohn, composer{{cite web|url=http://www.recordsinternational.com/archive/RICatalogFeb03.html|title=Records International February 2003 Catalogue|website=www.recordsinternational.com}}
Leon Jessel, composer{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewish-music.huji.ac.il/GetDetails.asp?id=410&TableName=Book_T&quest=607&page=cat&CatTableName=Authors_T|title=Something went wrong...|website=www.jewish-music.huji.ac.il}} {{dead link|date=March 2025}}
Robert Kahn, composer{{cite web|url=https://store.cdbaby.com/|title=CD Baby Music Store|website=store.cdbaby.com}}
Otto Klemperer, conductor{{cite web|url=http://www.concentric.net/~onk145/Bio.htm |title=Otto Klemperer Bio |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061216182524/http://www.concentric.net/~onk145/Bio.htm |archive-date=2006-12-16 }}
Robert Lachmann, musicologist{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Ludwig Lenel, organist and composer
Hermann Levi, conductor"Hermann Levi's shame and Parsifal's guilt" by Laurence Dreyfus
Alfred Lion and Frank Wulff, founders of Blue Note Records{{cite web|url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990508/ai_n14235233 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924095203/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990508/ai_n14235233 |archive-date=2015-09-24 }}
Edward Lowinsky, musicologistEncyclopaedia Judaica art. Lowinsky, Edward
Gustav Mahler, composer{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/22/arts/l-mahler-and-religion-forced-to-be-christian-136425.html|title=MAHLER AND RELIGION; Forced to be Christian|newspaper=The New York Times|date=22 August 1999}}
Michael Mann, musician (Jewish mother){{cite web|url=http://www.picture-newsletter.com/thomas-mann/index.htm|title=Thomas Mann Kilchberg pictures photos|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2007-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070108041726/http://www.picture-newsletter.com/thomas-mann/index.htm}}
Arnold Mendelssohn, organist{{cite web |url=https://web3.unt.edu/the/centers.php?css=lost_composers |title=University of North Texas :: College of Music :: Music History, Theory, and Ethnomusicology :: Centers |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101144159/http://web3.unt.edu/the/centers.php?css=lost_composers |archive-date=2007-01-01 }}
Felix Mendelssohn, composer and conductor (Jewish ancestry but raised Lutheran){{cite web|url=http://www.beth-elsa.org/be_s0220.htm |title=Felix Mendelssohn: Musical Genius and Jewish Casualty |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205052903/http://beth-elsa.org/be_s0220.htm |archive-date=2006-12-05 }}
Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, composer{{cite web|url=http://www2.wwnorton.com/classical/composers/hensel.htm |title=Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206042112/http://www2.wwnorton.com/classical/composers/hensel.htm |archive-date=2007-02-06 }}
Giacomo Meyerbeer, composerGiacomo Meyerbeer, 1791–1864 by Martin Cooper
Ben-Zion Orgad, Israeli composer{{cite web| url = http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/1990_1999/1998/11/Music%20in%20Israel%201995-1998| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20040706061856/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/mfaarchive/1990_1999/1998/11/music%20in%20israel%201995-1998| archive-date = 2004-07-06| title = Music in Israel 1995-1998}}
Menahem Pressler, pianist{{cite web|url=http://www.jmi.org.uk/suppressedmusic/newsletter/articles/003.html |title=JEWISH MUSIC INSTITUTE - International Centre for Suppressed Music, Online Journal |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004111532/http://www.jmi.org.uk/suppressedmusic/newsletter/articles/003.html |archive-date=2006-10-04 }}
André Previn, conductor{{cite encyclopedia|title=Andre Previn - MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761582159/Andre_Previn.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029074945/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761582159/Andre_Previn.html |archive-date=2009-10-29 }}
Franz Reizenstein, pianist, composer{{Cite web|url=http://www.ajr.org.uk/pastjournal21.htm|title=AJR Journal|website=www.ajr.org.uk}}
Curt Sachs, musicologist, co-founder of modern organology
Kurt Sanderling, conductor{{Cite web|url=http://www.sptimes.com/2003/09/14/Floridian/Tearing_down_the_walls.shtml|title=Floridian: Tearing down the walls|website=www.sptimes.com|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Adolf Martin Schlesinger, music publisher{{Cite journal|url=https://academic.oup.com/mq/article-abstract/LXXII/1/1/1018706?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=Trois Nouvelle Etudes|first1=ELAINE|last1=BRODY|first2=JAN|last2=LARUE|date=1 January 1986|journal=The Musical Quarterly|volume=LXXII|issue=1|pages=1–15|accessdate=19 February 2025|via=Silverchair|doi=10.1093/mq/LXXII.1.1}}
Arnold Schoenberg, composer
Heinrich Sontheim, tenor{{cite web |url=http://jebenhausen.worldzonepro.com/sontheim.html |title=Heinrich Sontheim |access-date=2006-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928032928/http://jebenhausen.worldzonepro.com/sontheim.html |archive-date=2007-09-28 }}
William Steinberg, conductor{{cite web|url=https://arts-sciences.buffalo.edu/music.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719130433/http://www.music.buffalo.edu/bpo/steinber.htm|title=Department of Music|archive-date=July 19, 2014|website=arts-sciences.buffalo.edu}}
Erich Walter Sternberg, composerMusic in the Jewish Community of Palestine 1880–1948: A Social History by Jehoash Hirshberg
Josef Tal, composer{{cite web |url=http://grace.evergreen.edu/~arunc/texts/music/wolpe/wolpe/Josef_Tal.html |title=Josef Tal |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060918033216/http://grace.evergreen.edu/~arunc/texts/music/wolpe/wolpe/Josef_Tal.html |archive-date=2006-09-18 }}
Ilia Trilling, synagogue composer{{cite web|url=https://www.naxos.com/person/John_Musto_5347/5347.htm|title=Musto, John- Bio, Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music.|website=www.naxos.com}}
Ignatz Waghalter, composer and conductor{{cite web|url=http://www.musicalpointers.co.uk/reviews/cddvd/waghalter.htm|title=Musical Pointers|website=www.musicalpointers.co.uk}}
Bruno Walter, conductor (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://www.maurice-abravanel.com/walter.html |title=Walter |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211063114/http://www.maurice-abravanel.com/walter.html |archive-date=2007-02-11 }}
Franz Waxman, film composer{{Cite web |title=He Wrote the Songs | Village Voice |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/film/0650,stein,75280,20.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070108041100/http://www.villagevoice.com/film/0650%2Cstein%2C75280%2C20.html |archivedate=January 8, 2007 |website=villagevoice.com}}
Kurt Weill, composer{{Cite web |url=http://www.naxos.com/composerinfo/1478.htm |title=Peter Dawson- Albums, Pictures – Naxos Classical Music |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2006-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061122201926/http://www.naxos.com/composerinfo/1478.htm |url-status=dead }}
Indira Weiss, singer and actress{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtl.de/sendungen/ich-bin-ein-star/|title=Ich bin ein Star - Holt mich hier raus! | Dschungelcamp 2024|website=rtl.de}}
Hans Winterberg, composer
Stefan Wolpe, composer{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/8/article/182866|title=On the Music of Stefan Wolpe: Essays and Recollections (review)|first=Ben|last=Earle|date=May 6, 2005|journal=Music and Letters|volume=86|issue=2|pages=312–315|doi=10.1093/ml/gci052 |via=Project MUSE}}
Alec Empire, member of Atari Teenage Riot{{cite web |url=http://www.montrealmirror.com/ARCHIVES/1997/112097/music1.html |title=Atari Teenage Riot |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114172007/http://www.montrealmirror.com/ARCHIVES/1997/112097/music1.html |archive-date=2007-11-14 }}
Hilde Zadek, soprano{{Cite web|url=https://www.a1.net|title=Handy - Festnetz - Internet - Mobiles Internet - TV|website=www.a1.net}}
Aron Liedtke, music producer{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FAronLiedtke%3Ffref%3Dts|title=Aron Liedtke|website=Facebook}}
Hans Zimmer, film score composer and record producer[https://jewishjournal.com/culture/arts/129526/ "Hans Zimmer: Proud to say 'My people'"]. JewishJournal.com.

=Artists=

Anni Albers, textile designer{{Cite web |title=Albers and Moholy-Nagy: from the Bauhaus to the New World | Tate |url=http://www.tate.org.uk/modern/exhibitions/albersmoholy/albersmoholy_tp.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102063724/http://www.tate.org.uk/modern/exhibitions/albersmoholy/albersmoholy_tp.pdf |archivedate=January 2, 2007}}
Frank Auerbach, painter{{cite web|url=http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=676&page=1&sole=y&collab=y&attr=y&sort=default&tabview=bio|title=Frank Auerbach born 1931|access-date=2007-01-06|archive-date=2008-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624050558/http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=676&page=1&sole=y&collab=y&attr=y&sort=default&tabview=bio|url-status=dead}}
Eduard Bendemann, painter
Martin Bloch, British painter{{cite web| url = http://www.thejc.com/home.aspx?ParentId=m11s19s116&SecId=116&AId=48162&ATypeId=1| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011140/http://www.thejc.com/home.aspx?ParentId=m11s19s116&SecId=116&AId=48162&ATypeId=1| archive-date = 2007-09-27| title = The Jewish Chronicle}}
Erwin Blumenfeld, photographer{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Blumenfeld-beauty-and-mystery-2499414.php|title=Blumenfeld -- beauty and mystery|first=Jesse|last=Hamlin|date=21 April 2006|website=SFGATE}}
Alfred Eisenstaedt, photographer{{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/alfred-eisenstaedt|title=Alfred Eisenstaedt|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Benno Elkan, sculptorConcise Dictionary of National Biography: "born at Dortmund of Jewish parentage"
James Ingo Freed, architect{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/James-Freed-architect-of-S-F-new-Main-Library-2587893.php|title=James Freed -- architect of S.F. new Main Library|first=John|last=King|date=17 December 2005|website=SFGATE}}
Gisèle Freund, photographer{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/freund.htm |title=Gisèle Freund |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114153813/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/freund.htm |archive-date=November 14, 2013 }}
Eva Hesse, materials artist{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishpress.com/page.do/18790/Jewish_Arts.html |title=Jewish Arts |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061018082537/http://www.jewishpress.com/page.do/18790/Jewish_Arts.html |archive-date=2006-10-18 }}
Erich Kahn, painter, expressionist{{Cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/kahn-the-seven-sisters-t03091|title='The Seven Sisters', Erich Kahn, 1954|website=Tate}}
Eugen Kaufmann, architect{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}
Hugo Lederer (1871–1940) sculptor[http://www.jewishgen.org/cemetery/e-europe/czechu-z.html International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070126083259/http://www.jewishgen.org/cemetery/e-europe/czechu-z.html |date=2007-01-26 }}: he is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Znojmo, Czech Republic; accessed 18 May 2007
Ludwig Levy, architect{{cite web|last1=Singer|first1=Isidore|title=Levy, Ludwig|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/9898-levy-ludwig|publisher=Jewish Encyclopaedia|access-date=31 August 2017}}
Max Liebermann, painter{{Cite web |title=The Jewish Museum – Press Releases |url=http://www.thejewishmuseum.org/site/pages/press.php?id=60 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003142238/http://www.thejewishmuseum.org/site/pages/press.php?id=60 |archivedate=October 3, 2006 |website=The Jewish Museum}}
Wilhelm Löwith, artist{{Cite web|url=http://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1911_1912_4_YearReview.pdf|title=A List of Events in 5671 and Necrology|website=ajcarchives.org|accessdate=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009105135/https://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1911_1912_4_YearReview.pdf|archive-date= 9 October 2023|url-status=dead }}
Peter Max, pop artist{{Cite web|url=http://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/10.22.98/petermax-9842.html|title=Metroactive Arts | Peter Max|website=www.metroactive.com}}
Ludwig Meidner, painter{{Cite web |date=Autumn 2002 |title=Else and Ludwig Meidner: Cultural identity in exile |url=http://www.courtauld.ac.uk/newsletter/autumn_2002/sympomeid.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925022348/http://www.courtauld.ac.uk/newsletter/autumn_2002/sympomeid.html |archivedate=September 25, 2006 |website=Courtauld Institute of Art}}
Erich Mendelsohn, architect{{cite web |url=http://www.open2.net/modernity/4_14_frame.htm |title=Looking for Open2.net? - OpenLearn - Open University |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214084159/http://www.open2.net/modernity/4_14_frame.htm }}
Alice Michaelis, painter{{Cite web |date=31 October 2011 |title=Michaelis, Alice |url=https://www.oxfordartonline.com/benezit/display/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.001.0001/acref-9780199773787-e-00122215 |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Benezit Dictionary of Artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00122215}}
Helmut Newton, photographer (Jewish father){{Cite web|url=http://www.meaus.com/helmut-newton-dead.htm|title=helmut-newton-dead|website=www.meaus.com}}
Felix Nussbaum, painter{{Cite web |title=Architecture projects | Studio Daniel Libeskind |url=http://www.daniel-libeskind.com/projects/pro.html?ID=4 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070204032013/http://www.daniel-libeskind.com/projects/pro.html?ID=4 |archivedate=February 4, 2007}}
Meret Oppenheim, surrealist{{cite web|url=http://www.modernamuseet.se/feature/2004/MO_ManRay/template3.asp?lang%3DEng%26id%3D2447 |title=MODERNA MUSEET - Read more about Meret Oppenheim |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624153714/http://www.modernamuseet.se/feature/2004/MO_ManRay/template3.asp?lang=Eng&id=2447 |archive-date=2007-06-24 }}
Else Oppler-Legband, architect, interior designer, fashion designer, and stylist{{Cite web |title=Schicksalsjahre |url=https://claus-pese.de/else-oppler/ |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Else Oppler {{!}} ein Vortrag von Claus Pese |lang=de-DE}}
Erwin Panofsky, art historian{{Cite web|url=http://www.pacpubserver.com/new/news/6-4-00/jewish.html|title=PACPubServer.com: The Leading PAC Pub Server Site on the Net|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Martin Erich Philipp, artist{{cite book |title=Deutsche Nationalbibliographie |year=1990 |publisher=Börsenverein der deutschen Buchhändler zu Leipzig |page=172 }}
Hans Schleger, designer{{Cite web |title=Zero, Hans Schleger, A Life of Design |url=http://www.lundhumphries.co.uk/pages/single/2219.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928071003/http://www.lundhumphries.co.uk/pages/single/2219.html |archivedate=September 28, 2007}}
Charlotte Salomon, artist{{Cite web|url=https://remember.org/educate/sal|title=5. Charlotte Salomon: "Life? or Theater?"|website=The Holocaust History - A People's and Survivor History - Remember.org}}
Erich Salomon, news photographer{{Cite web|url=https://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2000/04/24/26880.html|title=Charlotte Salomon: Life or Theatre - Art Gallery of Ontario - Absolutearts.com|website=www.absolutearts.com}}
Erna Weill, sculptor{{cite journal | url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-22507137.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611135309/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-22507137.html | archive-date=2014-06-11 | title=ERNA WEILL, NOTED TEANECK SCULPTOR | journal=Bergen Record | date=1996-04-30 | access-date=4 May 2014 | author=Markowitz, Michael}}
Victor Weisz, Vicky, cartoonistConcise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Germany of Hungarian Jewish parents"

= Other =

Josef Ganz, car designer{{cite web| url=https://www.tjpnews.com/hitlers-theft-of-jewish-engineers-idea/%3famp| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009105132/https://tjpnews.com/hitlers-theft-of-jewish-engineers-idea/?amp| url-status=dead| archive-date=9 October 2023| title=Hitler's theft of Jewish Engineer's Idea}}
Siegfried Marcus, car designer
Edmund Rumpler, Austro-German car designer
Jacqueline Van Maarsen, author and best friend of diarist Anne Frank
Hanneli Goslar, friend of diarist Anne Frank and holocaust survivor
Sanne Ledermann, friend of diarist Anne frank and holocaust victim

Writers

Erich Auerbach, literature critic{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/auerb.htm |title=Erich Auerbach |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210175324/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/auerb.htm |archive-date=10 February 2015 }}
Berthold Auerbach, author and poet{{cite web|last1=Singer|first1=Isidore|last2=Isaacs|first2=Abram S.|title=AUERBACH, BERTHOLD (BARUCH)|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2112-auerbach-berthold-baruch|website=Jewish Encyclopedia|access-date=29 November 2016}}
Julius Bab, dramatist and theater critic{{cite web|title=BAB, JULIUS|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0003_0_01792.html|website=Jewish Virtual Library|access-date=29 November 2016}}Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Bab, Julius
Jurek Becker, writer{{cite web|url=http://www.uwp.co.uk/book_desc/1456.html |title=Jurek Becker |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214071826/http://www.uwp.co.uk/book_desc/1456.html |archive-date=2007-02-14 }}
Maxim Biller, writer{{cite web |url=http://www.coh.arizona.edu/german/syllabi/05fall/ger376.pdf |title=German-Jewish Writers |last=Kovach|first=Thomas|date=2005|access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905130405/http://www.coh.arizona.edu/german/syllabi/05fall/ger376.pdf |archive-date=2006-09-05 }}
Ludwig Börne, satirist[http://www.juedisches-museum-berlin.de/site/EN/01-Exhibitions/05-Rafael-Roth-Learning-Center/02-news/01-05-02-news.php Jüdisches Museum Berlin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070121153534/http://www.juedisches-museum-berlin.de/site/EN/01-Exhibitions/05-Rafael-Roth-Learning-Center/02-news/01-05-02-news.php |date=2007-01-21 }}
Otto Brahm, literary critic{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-Brahm|title=Otto Brahm | Realism, Naturalism & Expressionism | Britannica|website=www.britannica.com}}
Henryk Broder, journalist{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/8/article/22022|title=Review: Speaking Out -- Jewish Voices from United Germany|first=Frederick Alfred|last=Lubich|date=May 6, 1997|journal=Modern Judaism|volume=17|issue=2|pages=185–189|via=Project MUSE}}
Walter Benjamin (1892–1940), literary critic and philosopher{{Cite web |last=Jacobson |first=Eric |title=Metaphysics of the Profane: The Political Theology of Walter Benjamin and Gershom Scholem |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/catalog/data/023112/0231126565.HTM |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922080502/http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/catalog/data/023112/0231126565.HTM |archivedate=September 22, 2006 |website=Columbia University Press}}
Emil Carlebach, writer, dissident{{Cite web|url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/60/003.html|title=William Pomeroy, Right Wing Revises History on V-E Day Anniversary|website=www.hartford-hwp.com}}
Joseph Derenbourg, orientalist, father of Hartwig Derenbourg{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01668930 | doi=10.1007/BF01668930 | title=Conversion in nineteenth-century France: Unusual or common practice? | year=1991 | last1=Cohen | first1=Richard I. | journal=Jewish History | volume=5 | issue=2 | pages=47–56 | s2cid=159943121 }}
Hilde Domin, poet{{Cite web |title=All About Jewish Theatre - Poet of homecoming whose optimism celebrated the spirit of the new Germany : Hilde Domin (1909-2006) |url=http://www.jewish-theatre.com/visitor/article_display.aspx?articleID=1770 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061024054158/http://www.jewish-theatre.com/visitor/article_display.aspx?articleID=1770 |archivedate=October 24, 2006}}
Lion Feuchtwanger, novelist{{cite web |url=http://members.aol.com/fljosephus/Feuchtwanger.htm |title=Lion Feuchtwanger?s Josephus: Exoneration of a Maligned Jewish Champion |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2006-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061224084914/http://members.aol.com/FLJOSEPHUS/Feuchtwanger.htm }}
Hubert Fichte, author (Jewish father){{cite web|url=http://andrejkoymasky.com/liv/fam/biof1/fich1.html |title=Matt & Andrej Koymasky - Famous GLTB - Hubert Fichte |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061225052933/http://andrejkoymasky.com/liv/fam/biof1/fich1.html |archive-date=2006-12-25 }}
Anne Frank, diarist[http://www.gale.com/free_resources/whm/bio/frank_a.htm Gale ~ Page Missing ~ Page Error Redirect] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206075027/http://www.gale.com/free_resources/whm/bio/frank_a.htm |date=2007-02-06 }}
Karen Gershon (1923–1993), poet{{cite web|url=http://www.fiveleaves.co.uk/jewish-int.html |title=Five Leaves Publishing - Titles with a Jewish Interest |date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702175205/http://www.fiveleaves.co.uk/jewish-int.html |access-date=2022-03-21|archive-date=2007-07-02 }}
Friedrich Gundolf, literary man{{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/joseph-goebbels|title=Joseph Goebbels|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Glückel of Hameln, 18th-century Yiddish diarist{{Cite web|url=http://www.phy6.org/outreach/Jewish/Gluckel.htm|title=Glückel of Hameln|website=www.phy6.org}}
Maximilian Harden, journalist{{cite web |url=http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/Discus/2002-12-05CraigOnElon.rtf |last=Elon|first=Amos|date=5 December 2002|publisher=The New York Review|title=The Pity of It All: A History of Jews in Germany, 1743-1933 |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2006-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060910110934/http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/Discus/2002-12-05CraigOnElon.rtf }}
Heinrich Heine, poet"Heinrich Heine, 'Blackguard' and 'Apostate': A Study of the Earliest Attitude Towards Him" by Sol Liptzin (converted to Protestantism for job prospects)
Stefan Heym, novelist, politician{{Cite web |url=http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/17428/edition_id/345/format/html/displaystory.html |title=J. - German Jewish writer Stefan Heym dies in Israel at 88 |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930030859/http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/17428/edition_id/345/format/html/displaystory.html }}
Wolfgang Hildesheimerhttp://www.cutg.ac.uk/03prog.htm{{Dead link|date=May 2024|fix-attempted=yep}}
Edgar Hilsenrath, novelist{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/bestselling-german-jewish-author-satirizes-the-holocaust/a-1952836|title=Bestselling German-Jewish Author Satirizes the Holocaust – DW – 01/01/1975|website=dw.com}}
Barbara Honigmann, writer{{cite web|url=http://www.goethe.de/ins/gb/lon/acv/wrt/2004/de79182.htm|title = Best German Language Courses & Culture Projects in London | Goethe-Institut UK}}
Heinrich Eduard Jacob, writer and journalistThe Gabriele Killert and Richard Schroetter: Obligation destruction fixes. The forgotten Jewish writer Heinrich Eduard Jacob; in: "new inhabitants of zurich newspaper" (boarding school Expenditure), NR. 78. Zurich, 5./6. April 1997, S. 50.
Siegfried Jacobsohn, journalist and theater critic{{Cite web|url=https://www.goethe.de/de/kul.html|title=Kultur - Goethe-Institut|website=www.goethe.de}}
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, novelist and screenwriter{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/jhab.htm |title=Ruth Prawer Jhabvala |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209223409/http://kirjasto.sci.fi/jhab.htm |archive-date=February 9, 2007 }}
Wladimir Kaminer, short story writer
Judith Kerr, children's writer{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/article/35539|title=A Knock at the Door: Reading Judith Kerr's Picture Books in the Context of Her Holocaust Fiction|first=Louise|last=Sylvester|date=May 6, 2002|journal=The Lion and the Unicorn|volume=26|issue=1|pages=16–30|doi=10.1353/uni.2002.0011 |via=Project MUSE}}
Victor Klemperer, writerThe Lesser Evil: The Diaries of Victor Klemperer 1945–1959
Else Lasker-Schüler, writer, poet and artist{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/5/article/5105|title="I am Prince Jussuf": Else Lasker-Schüler's Autobiographical Performance|first=Antje|last=Lindenmeyer|date=May 6, 2001|journal=Biography|volume=24|issue=1|pages=1–34|doi=10.1353/bio.2001.0014 |via=Project MUSE}} (converted to Protestantism for job prospects)
Robert Liebmann, screenwriter.
Claire Loewenfeld, writer and herbalistPincus, Lily Verloren, gewonnen: Mein Weg von Berlin nach London, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1980
Hugo Lubliner, dramatist.{{cite web |last1=Endriss |first1=Beate-Ursula |title=Lubliner, Hugo (Pseudonym Hugo Bürger) |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz54519.html |website=Deutsche Biographie |publisher=Bavarian Academy of Sciences |access-date=18 August 2019}}
Emil Ludwig, writer"Emil Ludwig, Famous Biographer, Calls on Jews to Answer Hitler 'in Own Terms'", The Sentinel (Chicago), 13 August 1936, p. 36.Harry Hansen, "Ludwig, Emil," Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 7, New York: Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc., 1942, p. 231.
Gila Lustiger, author{{Cite web|url=https://www.agdok.de/GermanDocumentaries/gD178.htm|title=Aktuell - AG DOK|website=www.agdok.de}}
Erika Mann, writer, actress (Jewish mother)
Klaus Mann, writer (Jewish mother)
Monika Mann, writer (Jewish mother)
Liselotte Marshall, novelist{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/16/liselotte-marshall-obituary|title=Liselotte Marshall obituary|last=Doyle|first=Margaret|date=16 August 2017|website=The Guardian}}
Julius Mosen, born Moses {{cn|date=January 2025}}
Erich Mühsam, anarchist poet{{Cite web|url=http://www.ijpa.org/letter1nov00.htm|title=The IJPA - Letter to the Editor|date=February 15, 2001|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010215002900/http://www.ijpa.org/letter1nov00.htm |archive-date=15 February 2001 }}
Henning Pawel, children's author, writer{{cite web |url=http://www.fbk-thueringen.jetzweb.de/Projekte/Stafette_Buch/Henning_Pawel/henning_pawel.html |title=Henning Pawel |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070928141456/http://www.fbk-thueringen.jetzweb.de/Projekte/Stafette_Buch/Henning_Pawel/henning_pawel.html |archive-date=2007-09-28 }}
Solomon Perel, author{{Cite web |title=Academic Publications |url=http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/publications/details.php?content=1997-02 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024002931/http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/publications/details.php?content=1997-02 |archivedate=October 24, 2007 |website=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum}}
Marcel Reich-Ranicki, literary criticAuthor of Himself, The ... The Life of Marcel Reich-Ranicki
H. A. Rey and Margret Rey, creators of Curious George{{Cite web |url=http://childrensbooks.about.com/od/authorsillustrato/fr/journeyrey.htm |title=Journey That Saved Curious George Wartime Escape of Margret and H. A. Rey |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-date=2006-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061115111253/http://childrensbooks.about.com/od/authorsillustrato/fr/journeyrey.htm |url-status=dead }}
Renate Rubinstein (Jewish father)https://www.nias.knaw.nl:10051/en/oudfellows/research_group_1999_2000/summaries_99_00/hans_goedkoop/ {{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Nelly Sachs, poet, Nobel Prize (1966){{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/nsachs.htm |title=Nelly Sachs |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225014653/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/nsachs.htm |archive-date=25 December 2014 }}
Anna Seghers, novelist{{Cite web|url=https://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=5460|title=Anna Seghers|website=www.litencyc.com}}
Oskar Seidlin, writer{{cite web|url=http://www.learningcalendar.com/this_day_in_history/days_template.cfm?history_id%3D57673 |title=Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born Jewish-American literary scholar |access-date=2007-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928094230/http://www.learningcalendar.com/this_day_in_history/days_template.cfm?history_id=57673 |archive-date=2007-09-28 }}
Rafael Seligmann, writer{{Cite web |date=April 13, 1995 |title=Jews in today's German culture |url=http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/950413/jews.shtml |website=The University of Chicago Chronicle}}
Süßkind von Trimberg, medieval writer, minnesinger{{Cite web|url=http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=D6D087A9-DD75-48F4-9A27-686D656B0130|title=CEEOL Derekh Judaica Urbinatensia, Issue 3 /2005|accessdate=19 February 2025}}
Kurt Tucholsky, writer (converted to Protestantism){{Cite web|url=https://metapress.com/|title=Metapress | A Fast Growing Resource for Young Entrepreneurs|date=May 6, 2024|website=Metapress}}
Samuel Ullman, poet{{cite web |url=http://www.alabamamoments.state.al.us/sec31det.html |title=ADAH: Alabama Moments (Samuel Ullman, 1840-1924--Details) |access-date=2007-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214093036/http://www.alabamamoments.state.al.us/sec31det.html |archive-date=2007-02-14 }}
Rahel Varnhagen, writer and saloniste (converted to Christianity)Rahel Varnhagen The Life of a Jewish Woman by Hannah Arendt
Moritz Callmann Wahl
Jakob Wassermann, novelist
Trude Weiss-RosmarinHymen, E. Paula and Dash Moore, Deborah. (eds) (1997) Jewish Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia. Routledge, {{ISBN|0-415-91934-7}} (pp. 1463–1465)
Jeanette Wohl{{cite web|url=http://www.judaistik.uni-frankfurt.de/aktuellarchiv/008_aktuell-ss02.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20071107070219/http://www.judaistik.uni-frankfurt.de/aktuellarchiv/008_aktuell-ss02.html|archive-date=2007-11-07|title = Fehler beim Seitenaufruf - Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität}}
Victoria Wolff (1903–1992), German born American writer and screenwriter{{cite book |last1=Schlör |first1=Joachim |title=Escaping Nazi Germany: One Woman's Emigration from Heilbronn to England |date=26 November 2020 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-350-15413-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m8IAEAAAQBAJ&q=Victoria+Wolff+1903%E2%80%931992&pg=PA201 |language=en}}
Friedrich Wolf, writer, physician{{cite web | url=http://www.umass.edu/defa/filmtour/sjprofmamlock.shtml | title=DEFA Film Library | | access-date=6 January 2007 | archive-date=23 December 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061223114833/http://www.umass.edu/defa/filmtour/sjprofmamlock.shtml | url-status=dead }}
Carl Zuckmayer, playwright (Jewish mother){{Cite web|url=https://www.content-space.de/dokuwiki/artikel/schule/the_immigration_of_carl_zuckmayer_into_the_usa|title=The immigration of Carl Zuckmayer into the USA [Content-space.de]|website=www.content-space.de}}
Arnold Zweig, writer{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arnold-Zweig|title=Arnold Zweig | Jewish, WWI, Novelist | Britannica|date=April 17, 2024|website=www.britannica.com}}
Stefan Zweig, novelist, playwright and journalist, best known for his autobiographies
Hedwig Lachmann, author, translator and poet

Entrepreneurs

:See also Court Jews

Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744–1812), "founding father of international finance"{{cite journal |last =Noel |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Noer (editor) |title=The Twenty Most Influential Businessmen of all Time |website=Forbes |date=29 July 2005 |url=https://www.forbes.com/2005/07/29/most-influential-businessmen-cx_mn_0729bizmenintro.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071103062006/http://www.forbes.com/2005/07/29/most-influential-businessmen-cx_mn_0729bizmenintro.html|archive-date=3 November 2007}}
Alfred Beit, financier
Sir Ernest Cassel, bankerK. Grunwald, 'Windsor Cassel: the last court Jew', Yearbook of the Leo Baeck Institute, 14 (1969), 119–61
Maurice de Hirsch, bankerOxford Dictionary of National Biography: "born on 9 December 1831 in Munich ... His grandfather Jacob had established the family as one of the first Jewish families to acquire great wealth and social acceptability in Bavaria ... His mother came from an Orthodox Frankfurt family and ensured that the children were properly instructed in Jewish matters."
Sir Robert Mayer, German-born businessman and philanthropist{{Cite web|url=http://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1987_7_WestEurope.pdf|title=American Jewish Year Book|date=1987|website=ajcarchives.org|accessdate=20 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405182603/https://ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1987_7_WestEurope.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2023|url-status=dead}}
Israel Jacob (philanthropist) (1729–1803){{Cite web |date=2012-11-06 |title=JACOB, ISRAEL - JewishEncyclopedia.com |url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8414-jacob-israel |access-date=2023-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106211632/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8414-jacob-israel |archive-date=2012-11-06 }}
Marcus Goldman (1821–1904), German-born banker, co-founder of Goldman Sachs
Abraham KuhnCharles R. Geisst, [https://archive.org/details/lastpartnerships0000geis/page/56 The last partnerships: inside the great Wall Street money dynasties], p. 55 and Solomon Loeb, founders of Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
Henry Lehman (1822–1855), Emanuel Lehman (1827–1907) and Mayer Lehman (1830–1897), German-born bankers, co-founders of former bank Lehman Brothers
Joseph Mendelssohn (1770–1848), founder of former bank Mendelssohn & Co.
Salomon Oppenheim (1772–1828), founder of bank Sal. Oppenheim
Ernest Oppenheimer (1880–1957), diamond and gold mining entrepreneur and financier who controlled De Beers and founded the Anglo American Corporation of South Africa
Emil Rathenau (1838–1915), founder of AEG
Adolf Rosenberger, co-founder of PorscheAutomobile Quarterly, Volume 18, Issue 4

Automobile Quarterly, 1980

Nathan Mayer Rothschild (1777–1836), founder of British company N M Rothschild & Sons
Hermann Tietz (1837–1907), founder of Hertie, a department store
Leopold Ullstein (1826–1899), founder of publishing company Ullstein Verlag
Moses Marcus Warburg and Gerson Warburg, co-founder of M. M. Warburg & Co., German bank
Georg Wertheim (1857–1939), founder of former Wertheim, a department store
Stef Wertheimer{{cite web|url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_go1652/is_200403/ai_n5987000 |title=Middle East, The: Prosperity and the long road to peace: a German-born multi-billionaire believes instituting commercial joint ventures in the Middle East could bring peace and prosperity to Arabs and Jews |date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050517000508/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_go1652/is_200403/ai_n5987000 |access-date=2022-03-21|archive-date=2005-05-17 }} (1926–2025), German-born industrialist
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff, founder of Harland and Wolff{{Cite web |title=Culture Northern Ireland |url=http://www.culturenorthernireland.org/article.aspx?county=14&articleID=1890&cultID=25&townID=0&cultSubID=0&page=0&navID=5 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181245/http://www.culturenorthernireland.org/article.aspx?county=14&articleID=1890&cultID=25&townID=0&cultSubID=0&page=0&navID=5 |archivedate=September 30, 2007}}

Sports

File:Gottfried Fuchs.jpg]]

Alon Abelski, football player
Rudi Ball, ice hockey player, right wing, Olympic bronze, world runner-up, bronze{{cite web |url=http://www.sihss.se/RudiBallbiography.htm |title=Name: RUDI BALL |access-date=2018-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311175056/http://www.sihss.se/RudiBallbiography.htm |archive-date=2007-03-11 }}
Gretel Bergmann, high jumper{{Cite web |title=Gretel Bergmann |url=http://www.jewishsports.net/PillarAchievementBios/GretelBergmann.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219040800/http://jewishsports.net/PillarAchievementBios/GretelBergmann.htm |archivedate=December 19, 2006 |website=www.jewishsports.net}}
Hans Berliner, world postal chess champion{{Cite web|url=http://www.jinfo.org/Chess_Players.html|title=Jewish Chess Players|website=www.jinfo.org}}
Barney Dreyfuss, co-founder of the World Series{{Cite web|url=http://www.jbuff.com/c111303.htm|title=Levi Strauss & Barney Dreyfuss|website=www.jbuff.com}}
Alfred Flatow, 3 time Olympic gymnastics champion (parallel bars, team parallel bars, team horizontal bar), silver (horizontal bar)
Gustav Felix Flatow, 2 time Olympic gymnastics champion (team parallel bars, team horizontal bar){{cite web | url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jewish-olympic-medalists-1896-present|title= Jews in Sports: Jewish Olympic Medalists (1896 - Present)|website=Jewish Virtual Library}}
Gottfried Fuchs, soccer player, (German national team){{cite web | url=http://www.farenet.org/news_article.asp?intNewsID=752 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20070609173117/http://www.farenet.org/news_article.asp?intNewsID=752 | archive-date=2007-06-09 |title = Football Against Racism in Europe • News|date = 2007-06-09}}
Ludwig Guttmann, founder of the Paralympics{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishsports.net/biopages/LudwigPoppaGuttmann.htm |title=Sir Ludwig "Poppa" Guttmann |access-date=2007-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419084754/http://jewishsports.net/BioPages/LudwigPoppaGuttmann.htm |archive-date=2007-04-19 }}
Lilli Henoch, world records (discus, shot put, and 4x100-m relay); shot by the Nazis in Latvia
Fredy Hirsch, sport teacher
Julius Hirsch, footballer, German champion, killed during the Holocaust
Bernhard Horwitz, chess player
Herbert Klein, swimmer, Olympic bronze (200-m breaststroke); 3 world records
Emanuel Lasker, world chess champion{{cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lasker.html |title=Lasker biography |access-date=2007-01-07 |archive-date=2007-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206104907/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lasker.html }}
Henry Laskau, racewalker, won 42 national titles; Pan American champion; 4x Maccabiah champion
Helene Mayer, foil fencer (Jewish father), Olympic champion{{Cite book|title=Foiled!: Hitler's Jewish Olympian : The Helene Mayer Story|first=Milly|last=Mogulof|date=January 1, 2001|publisher=Rdr Books|isbn=157143092X }}
Sarah Poewe, swimmer (Jewish mother), Olympic bronze (4x100 medley relay){{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/sarah-poewe|title=Sarah Poewe|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Ellen Preis (Ellen Müller-Preis) (1912–2007), German-born Austrian Olympic champion foil fencer
Daniel Prenn, tennis player, highest world ranking # 6{{Cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-nazi-olympics-august-1936|title=The Nazi Olympics (August 1936)|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}
Eugen Sandow, bodybuilding pioneer
Anton Shynder, football player
Siegbert Tarrasch, chess player{{cite web |url=http://www.ballo.de/tarrasch_english.htm |title=Tarrasch, Englisch |access-date=2007-01-07 |archive-date=2007-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070521001415/http://www.ballo.de/tarrasch_english.htm }}

Military

Literature

Walter Tetzlaff, ed. "2000 Kurzbiographien bedeutender deutscher Juden des 20. Jahrhunderts" (Lindhorst: Askania, 1982).

References

Category:Lists of Jews by nationality

Jews

Jews,German