List of military occupations#Contemporary occupations
{{Short description|none}}
{{about|territorial occupations|military ranks|List of comparative military ranks}}
{{War}}
This article presents a list of military occupations, both historic and contemporary, but only those that have taken place since the customary laws of belligerent military occupation were first clarified and supplemented by the Hague Convention of 1907.{{cite web|url=http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/lawofwar/hague04.htm |title=Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague IV); October 18, 1907 |via=The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School|access-date=June 20, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990225111007/http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/lawofwar/hague04.htm |archive-date=1999-02-25}}
As currently understood in international law, "military occupation" is the effective military control by a power of a territory outside of said power's recognized sovereign territory.{{cite book | last=Bracka | first=J. | title=Transitional Justice for Palestine: Truth-Telling and Empathy in Ongoing Conflict | publisher=Springer International Publishing AG | series=Springer series in transitional justice | year=2021 | isbn=978-3-030-89435-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWVXEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|quote=Today, the widely accepted definition of occupation is 'the effective control of a power (be it one or more states or an international organization, such as the United Nations) over a territory to which that power has no sovereign title, without the volition of the sovereign of that territory'}} The occupying power in question may be an individual state or a supranational organization, such as the United Nations.
Ongoing occupations
Historical occupations
Events before the Hague Convention of 1907 are out of scope.
= 1907–1919 (miscellaneous) =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Korea
| {{Sort|05|1905–1910}} | {{Country|Korean Empire|name=Korea}} | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | Aftermath of Russo-Japanese War | Yes |
Cuba
| 1906–1909 | {{Country|Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)|name=Cuba}} | {{Country|United States|1896}} |No |
Libya
| {{Sort|01|1911–1912}} | {{Country|Ottoman Empire}} | {{Country|Kingdom of Italy|name=Italy}} |Yes |
Albania
| {{Country|Albania|1914}} | {{Country|Kingdom of Serbia|name=Serbia}} |No |
Nicaragua
| {{Sort|21|1912–1933}} | {{Country|Nicaragua|1908}} | {{Country|United States|1912}} |No |
Veracruz
| {{Sort|0|1914}} | {{Country|Mexico|1893}} | {{Country|United States}} |No |
= World War I and immediate aftermath =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Albania
| {{Country|Principality of Albania|name=Albania}} | {{nobr|{{Country|Austria-Hungary}}}} | rowspan="15" |World War I |No |
Eastern Galicia
| 1914–1915 | {{nobr|{{Country|Austria-Hungary}}}} | {{Country|Russian Empire|name=Russia}} |Occupation of Eastern Galicia |No |
Belgium
| 1914–1918 | {{Country|Belgium}} | rowspan="4" | {{Country|German Empire|name=Germany}} |No |
Kelmis
|1914-1915 | {{flagicon image|Flag of Moresnet.svg}} Neutral Moresnet |Yes |
Northeastern France
| 1914–1918 | {{Country|French Third Republic|name=France}} | Invasion of Northeastern France |No |
Luxembourg
| 1914–1918 | {{nobr|{{Country|Luxembourg}}}} |No |
Congress Poland
| 1914–1918 |rowspan="2"|{{Country|Russian Empire|name=Russia}} | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
Parts of the Baltic governorates and Vilna Governorate-General
| 1914–1919 | {{Country|German Empire|name=Germany}} |No |
German South West Africa
| 1914–1915 | {{Country|German Empire|name=Germany}} | {{Country|Union of South Africa|name=South Africa|1912}} | Yes |
Governorate of Serbia
| 1915–1918 |rowspan="4"|{{Country|Kingdom of Serbia|name=Serbia}} | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
Serbia
| 1915–1918 | {{Country|German Empire|name=Germany}} |No |
Eastern Serbia
| 1915–1918 | {{Country|Kingdom of Bulgaria|name=Bulgaria}} |No |
Serbian Macedonia
| 1915–1918 | {{Country|Kingdom of Bulgaria|name=Bulgaria}} |Occupation of Serbian Macedonia |Yes |
Albania
| {{Country|Principality of Albania|name=Albania}} | {{Country|Kingdom of Bulgaria|name=Bulgaria}} |No |
Montenegro
| 1916–1918 | {{Country|Kingdom of Montenegro|name=Montenegro}} | {{Country|Austria-Hungary}} |No |
Haiti
| 1915–1934 | {{Country|Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)|name=Haiti}} |rowspan="3"| {{Country|United States}} |rowspan=3|Banana Wars |No |
Dominican Republic
| 1916–1924 | {{Country|Dominican Republic}} | Occupation of the Dominican Republic |No |
Cuba
| 1917–1922 | {{Country|Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)|name=Cuba}} |No |
Northeast Italy
| 1917–1918 | {{Country|Kingdom of Italy|name=Italy}} | {{Country|Austria-Hungary}} | Invasion of Northeastern Italy |No |
{{plainlist|* Parts of the Russian Far East,
| {{nobr|1918–1925{{efn|Most of the Allies had withdrawn by 1920, Japan continued to occupy Northern Sakhalin until 1925.}}}} | {{nobr|{{Country|Russian SFSR|1918}} {{Country|Soviet Union|1924}}}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War | No |
Constantinople
| 1918–1923 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Ottoman Empire}} | | {{plainlist|
}} | Occupation of Constantinople | rowspan="12" | Aftermath of World War I | No |
Smyrna
| 1919–1922 | {{Country|Kingdom of Greece|name=Greece|state}} | No |
Rhineland
| 1918–1930 | {{Flagcountry|Weimar Republic}} | {{flagcountry|French Third Republic}}{{Clear}}{{flag|United Kingdom}}{{Clear}}{{flag|Belgium}}{{Clear}}{{flag|United States|1912}}{{Clear}} {{Flag|Siam|1918}} | No |
Eastern Galicia
| 1918–1919 | {{flag|West Ukrainian People's Republic}} | rowspan=2 | {{Flagcountry|Second Polish Republic|1918}} | rowspan=2 | Polish–Ukrainian War | Yes |
Volhynia
| 1918–1919 | {{flag|Ukrainian People's Republic}} | Partial |
Ukraine
| 1918–1920 | {{flag|Ukrainian People's Republic}} | {{Country|Russian SFSR|1918}} | Yes |
Dalmatia
|1918– 1921 |{{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia|name=Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes}} |{{plainlist|
}} |Allied occupation of eastern Adriatic |Partial |
Transylvania, part of Banat, part of Carpathian Ruthenia,
Tiszántúl, Danube–Tisza Interfluve, Budapest, Northwest Transdanubia | rowspan="3" |1918–1920 | rowspan="4" |{{plainlist|
}} |{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Romania}} | rowspan="4" |Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920) |Partial |
Slovakia, Carpathian Ruthenia, part of Northeast Hungary{{Cite web |title=Térképek |url=https://tti.abtk.hu/terkepek?start=60 |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=Történettudományi Intézet |language=hu-hu}}
inc. Sátoraljaújhely (to 1920) |{{flagcountry|First Czechoslovak Republic|1918}} |Partial |
part of Banat, Szeged
|{{flag|French Third Republic|name=France}} |No |
Prekmurje, Međimurje, Voivodina, part of Banat, Baranya, Bácska
|1918–1921 |{{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia|name=Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes}} |Partial |
Tyrol
|1918–1920 |{{Country|Republic of German-Austria|name=German-Austria}} {{Country|First Austrian Republic|name=Austria}} |{{Country|Kingdom of Italy|name=Italy}} | |Partial |
= 1920–1946 (miscellaneous) =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
rowspan=2 | Transcaucasia
| 1920 | {{flagdeco|Azerbaijan|1918}} Azerbaijan | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Russian SFSR|1918|name=Russia}} | rowspan=2 | Russian Civil War | Yes |
1921
| {{Country|Democratic Republic of Georgia|name=Georgia}} | Yes |
Ruhr
| 1923–1924 | {{Country|Weimar Republic|name=Germany}} | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
Manchuria / Manchukuo
| 1931–1945 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Republic of China (1912–49)|name=China}} | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | No |
Xinjiang
| 1934 | {{Country|Soviet Union|1924}} | No |
= World War II: build up and immediate aftermath =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Ethiopia
| 1935–1941 | {{Country|Ethiopian Empire|name=Ethiopia}} | {{Country|Fascist Italy (1922-1943)|name=Italy}} |Yes |
Parts of China
| 1937–1945 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Republic of China (1912–49)|name=China}} | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | rowspan=2 | Second Sino-Japanese War | rowspan=2 | World War II | No |
Shanghai
| 1937–1945 |No |
Austria
| 1938 | {{nobr|{{Country|Federal State of Austria|name=Austria}}}} | rowspan=4 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} | rowspan="5" | Events preceding World War II in Europe | Yes |
Sudetenland{{Cite journal |last=Glassheim |first=Eagle |date=2006 |title=Ethnic Cleansing, Communism, and Environmental Devastation in Czechoslovakia's Borderlands, 1945–1989 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/499795 |journal=The Journal of Modern History |volume=78 |issue=1|pages=65–92 |doi=10.1086/499795 |s2cid=142647561 |url-access=subscription }}
| 1938 | rowspan=2| {{nobr|{{Country|Czechoslovakia}}}} | Yes |
Bohemia and Moravia
| 1939–1945 | Occupation of Czechoslovakia | No |
Memel Territory
| 1939–1945 | {{Country|Lithuania}} | Yes |
Albania
| 1939–1945 | {{Country|Albania|1928}} | {{Country|Fascist Italy (1922-1943)|name=Italy}} |No |
Poland
| {{nobr|1939–1945}} |rowspan="2"| {{Flagcountry|Second Polish Republic|1928}} | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} |rowspan=62"| World War II |Partial |
Eastern Poland
| 1939–1941 | rowspan="2"|{{nobr|{{Country|Soviet Union|1936}}}} | Annexation of Polish territories |Partial |
Parts of Finland
| 1939–1940 | {{Country|Finland}} |Partial |
British Somaliland
| 1940–1941 | {{Country|United Kingdom}} | {{Country|Fascist Italy (1922-1943)|name=Italy}} | Italian invasion of British Somaliland |Yes |
Belgium
| 1940–1945 | {{Country|Belgium}} | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} | No |
Denmark
| 1940–1945 |rowspan=3 | {{Country|Denmark}} | No |
Faroe Islands
| 1940–1945 | {{nobr|{{Country|United Kingdom}}}} | Occupation of the Faroe Islands | No |
Greenland
| 1940–1945 | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
Hankoniemi
| 1940–1941 | {{Country|Finland}} | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | No |
rowspan=2 | Iceland{{efn|name=Iceland WW2|On 17 June 1944, Iceland dissolved its union with Denmark and the Danish monarchy and declared itself a republic.}}
| rowspan=2 | 1940–1945 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Kingdom of Iceland}} | {{Country|United Kingdom}} | rowspan=2 | Occupation of Iceland | No |
{{Country|United States}}{{efn|name=Iceland USA|On 7 July 1941, the defence of Iceland was transferred from Britain to the United States.}}
|No |
Northern France{{efn|de facto Vichy France}}{{efn|Occupied the rest of France from 1942}}
| 1940–1944 | rowspan=3 | {{Country|French Third Republic|name=France}} | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} |No |
Southeastern France{{efn|de facto Vichy France}}
| 1940–1943 | {{Country|Fascist Italy (1922-1943)|name=Italy}} |No |
Vietnam
| 1940–1945 | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | Invasion of French Indochina |No |
rowspan=3 | Baltic states
| rowspan=3 | 1940–1941{{efn|name=USSD|On March 26, 1949, the US department of State issued a circular letter stating that the Baltic countries were still independent nations with their own diplomatic representatives and consuls.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j7gBESqTciYC&pg=PA461 | title=Encyclopedia of Soviet Law | publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht | editor-last1=Feldbrugge|editor-first1=F. J. M. |editor-last2=Van den Berg|editor-first2=G. P.|editor-last3=Simons|editor-first3=William B. | year=1985 | pages=461 |edition=2nd revised | isbn=90-247-3075-9}}}}{{efn|name=Welles|From the Welles Declaration of July 23, 1940, "that we would not recognise the occupation, the United States acted with a consistency and a tenacity of which we can all be proud. We housed the exiled Baltic diplomatic delegations. We accredited their diplomats. We flew their flags in the State Department's Hall of Flags. We never recognised in deed or word or symbol the illegal occupation of their lands."{{cite press release|url=http://merln.ndu.edu/archivepdf/EUR/State/86539.pdf |title=U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship |publisher=U.S. Department of State |date=June 14, 2007 |access-date=June 21, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819185542/http://merln.ndu.edu/archivepdf/EUR/State/86539.pdf |archive-date=August 19, 2012 }}}} | {{Country|Estonia}} | rowspan=3 | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | rowspan=3 | Soviet occupation of the Baltic states | rowspan=3 | Yes |
{{Country|Latvia}} |
{{Country|Lithuania}} |
Luxembourg
| 1940–1945 | {{Country|Luxembourg}} | rowspan=3 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} |No |
Netherlands
| 1940–1945 | {{Country|Kingdom of the Netherlands|name=Netherlands}} |No |
Norway
| 1940–1945 | {{Country|Norway}} |No |
Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region
|1940 | {{Country|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}} | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | Occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina |Yes |
Channel Islands
| 1940–1945 | {{nobr|{{Country|United Kingdom}}}} | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} | Occupation of the Channel Islands |No |
Cambodia
| 1941–1945 | {{Country|France|1830}} | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} |No |
Greece
| 1941–1944 | {{Country|Kingdom of Greece|name=Greece|state}} | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
Iran
| 1941–1946 | {{Country|Iran|1925}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran |No |
Byelorussia
| rowspan=5 | 1941–1944 | rowspan=5 | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | rowspan=4 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} | rowspan=4 | No |
Ukraine |
Baltic states
| Occupation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (de jure independent, de facto under Soviet rule) |
Parts of European Russia |
Eastern Karelia
| {{Country|Finland}} | No |
Guam
| 1941–1944 | {{Country|United States}} | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | No |
Transnistria
| 1941–1944 | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | {{Country|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}} |No |
Borneo
| 1941–1945 | rowspan=3 | {{Country|United Kingdom}} | rowspan=3 | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | Occupation of British Borneo |No |
Hong Kong
| 1941–1945 |No |
Malaya
| 1941–1945 |No |
Yugoslavia
| 1941–1945 | {{Country|Kingdom of Yugoslavia|name=Yugoslavia}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Military operations in the territory of Yugoslavia |No |
New Caledonia
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|France|1830}} | {{Country|United States}} |No |
New Guinea
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|Australia}} | rowspan=10 | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} |No |
Nauru
| 1942–1945 | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
Andaman Islands
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|British Raj}} | Occupation of the Andaman Islands |No |
Dutch East Indies
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|Netherlands}} | Occupation of Dutch East Indies |No |
Philippines
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|Commonwealth of the Philippines|name=Philippines}} | Occupation of the Philippines |No |
Portuguese Timor
| 1942–1945 | {{Country|Estado Novo (Portugal)|name=Portugal}} |No |
Burma (Myanmar)
| 1942–1945 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|United Kingdom}} |No |
Singapore
| 1942–1945 |No |
Kiska
| 1942–1943 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|United States}} |No |
Attu
| 1942–1943 |No |
Italian Libya
| 1943–1951 | {{Country|Libya}} | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
Italy
| 1943–1945 | {{Country|Kingdom of Italy|name=Italy}} | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} | Occupation of Italy, Italian campaign |No |
Hungary
| 1944–1945 | {{Country|Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)|name=Hungary}} |No |
Italy
| 1943–1945 | {{Country|Kingdom of Italy|name=Italy}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Occupation of Italy, Italian campaign |No |
France
| 1944–1946 | {{Country|France|1830}} | {{plainlist|
}} |No |
rowspan=3 | Baltic states
| rowspan=3 | 1944–1991{{efn|name=USSD}}{{efn|name=Welles}} | {{Country|Estonia}} | rowspan=11 | {{flag|Soviet Union|1936}} | rowspan=3 | 1944 Soviet re-occupation, | rowspan=3 | Yes |
{{Country|Latvia}} |
{{Country|Lithuania}} |
Bulgaria
| 1944–1947 | {{Country|Kingdom of Bulgaria|name=Bulgaria}} | No |
Romania
| 1944–1958 | {{Country|Romania}} | No |
Poland
| 1944–1956{{efn|name=POL|A status of forces agreement was signed in December 1956 to formally regulate the position of Soviet troops in Poland, which had been there since the end of the Second World War. After the end of the country's Soviet-backed Communist regime in 1989, the last Soviet contingent would leave the country in 1993.}} | {{Country|Poland|1928}} | No |
Hungary
| 1944–1949{{efn|name=HUN|A status of forces agreement was signed in 1947 to regulate the position of Soviet troops in Hungary, which was further confirmed by Hungary's later membership in Comecon in 1949. Soviet troops would remain stationed in Hungary until 1991.}} | {{Country|Second Hungarian Republic|name=Hungary}} | No |
Porkkalanniemi
| 1944–1956 | {{Country|Finland}} | No |
Carpathian Ruthenia
| 1944–1945 | {{Country|Czechoslovakia}} | Annexation of Carpathian Ruthenia | Yes |
Northern part of East Prussia/Kaliningrad Oblast
| 1945 | {{Country|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}} |Yes |
Manchuria
| 1945–1946 | {{Country|Manchukuo}} | No |
Austria
| 1945–1955 | {{Country|Austria}} | {{plainlist|
}} | rowspan=14 | Aftermath of World War II |No |
East Germany, incl. East Berlin
| 1945–1949 | rowspan=4 | {{Country|Allied-occupied Germany|name=Germany}} | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | rowspan=3 | Allied-occupied Germany | rowspan=3 | No |
West Germany
| 1945–1949 | rowspan=2 | {{plainlist|
}} |
West Berlin
| 1945–1990 |
Saarland
| 1945–1957 | {{Country|France|1830}} | No |
Northern Iran
| 1945–1946 | {{Country|Iran|1925}} | {{Country|Soviet Union|1936}} | No |
Japan (mainland)
| 1945–1951 | rowspan=5 | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | rowspan=5 | {{Country|United States}} | rowspan=5 | Occupation of Japan | rowspan=5 | No |
Tokara Islands
| 1945–1952 |
Amami Islands
|1945–1953 |
Ogasawara archipelago
| 1945–1968 |
Daitō Islands and Ryukyu Islands{{efn|name=Ryukyu Islands| The Tokara Islands were restored to Japan in 1952. The Amami Islands were restored in 1953.}}
| 1945–1972 |
Taiwan, Pescadores, and Itu Aba
| 1945–1952{{Cite journal | url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1955/may/04/far-east-formosa-and-the-pescadores#S5CV0540P0_19550504_HOC_582 | title=Far East (Formosa and the Pescadores) | publisher=U.K. Parliament |journal=Hansard |volume=540 |number=cc1870–4 | date=May 4, 1955 | quote=The sovereignty was Japanese until 1952. The Japanese Treaty came into force, and at that time Formosa was being administered by the Chinese Nationalists, to whom it was entrusted in 1945, as a military occupation. | access-date=2010-09-01 }} | {{Country|Empire of Japan|name=Japan}} | {{Country|Republic of China (1912–49)|name=China}} | History of Taiwan since 1945 | No |
Korea
| 1945–1948 | {{Country|Korea}} | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
Southern Vietnam and Saigon{{sfn|Chapman|2013|pp=30–31}}
| 1945–1946 | {{Flag|France}} | {{Flag|United Kingdom}} | No |
= 1947–1959 =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Junagadh
| 1947–1948 | {{flagcountry|Junagadh State}} | {{flagcountry|Dominion of India}} | {{n/a}} | Yes |
West Bank{{efn|name=Palestine}}
| rowspan=2 | Post-Mandate Palestine | {{Country|Jordan|1948}} | Jordanian annexation of the West Bank | rowspan=2 | 1948 Arab–Israeli War | Yes |
Gaza Strip{{efn|name=Palestine}}
| 1948–1956 | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Egyptian Revolution (1952).svg}} Egypt | Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt | No |
Hyderabad
| 1948 | {{flagcountry|Hyderabad State}} | {{flagcountry|Dominion of India}} | rowspan=3 {{n/a}} | Yes |
Sikkim
| {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Sikkim|1914}} | {{Country|India}} | No |
Tibet
| 1949–1951 | {{flagcountry|Tibet|1912}} | {{Country|China}} | Yes |
Northern Jordan ValleyThe Missing Peace - The Inside Story of the Fight for Middle East Peace (2004), by Dennis Ross. {{ISBN|978-0-374-52980-2}}. pp 584-585
| 1949-1967 | {{flagcountry|Israel}} | {{Country|Syria}} | No |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
| 1954–1974 | {{Country|Portugal}} | {{Country|India}} | Annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli | {{n/a}} | Yes |
Suez Canal Zone
| 1956 | rowspan=2 | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Egyptian Revolution (1952).svg}} Egypt | {{plainlist|
}} | rowspan=3 | Suez Crisis | rowspan=3 | Arab–Israeli conflict | No |
Sinai
| rowspan=2 | 1956–1957 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Israel}} | No |
Gaza Strip
| {{Country|All-Palestine}} | No |
Hungary
| 1956 | {{Country|Hungarian People's Republic|revolution|name=Hungary}} | {{Country|Soviet Union|1955}} | Hungarian Revolution of 1956 | No |
Laos
| 1959–1975 | {{Country|Kingdom of Laos|name=Laos}} | {{Country|North Vietnam}} | No |
= 1960–1979 =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Goa, Daman and Diu
| 1961–1974 | {{Country|Portugal}} | {{Country|India}} | {{n/a}} | Yes |
Aksai Chin
| 1962 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|India}} | rowspan=2 | {{Country|China}} | rowspan=2 | Sino-Indian War | rowspan=2 | Sino-Indian War | Yes |
Arunachal Pradesh
| 1962 | No |
Dominican Republic
| 1965–1966 | {{Country|Dominican Republic}} | {{Country|United States}} | Invasion of the Dominican Republic | No |
Sinai
| {{nobr|1967–1982}}{{efn|Israel withdrew from Taba in 1989.|name=Sinai-Taba}} | {{Country|Egypt}} | {{Country|Israel}} | No |
Czechoslovakia
| {{nobr|1968–1989}}{{efn|Government control ended with the Velvet Revolution in late 1989, and stationed Soviet troops departed peacefully over 1990–1991.}} | {{Country|Czechoslovakia}} | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
East Pakistan (became Bangladesh) | 1971 | {{Country|Pakistan}} | {{Country|India}} | No |
Southern half of Vietnam
| 1975–1976 | {{Country|South Vietnam}} | {{Country|North Vietnam}} | Yes |
Parts of Angola
| 1975–1976 | {{Country|Angola}} | {{Country|South Africa|1928}} | South African invasion of Angola | No |
Tiris al-Gharbiyya
| 1975–1979 | {{Country|Western Sahara}} | {{Country|Mauritania}} | Battles of La Güera and Tichla | No |
East Timor
| 1975–1999 | {{Country|East Timor}} | {{Country|Indonesia}} | Indonesian occupation of East Timor | Yes |
Aouzou Strip
| 1976–1987 | {{Country|Chad}} | {{Country|Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|name=Libya}} | Occupation of the Aouzou Strip | No |
Parts of Lebanon
| {{nobr|1976–2005}} | {{Country|Lebanon}} | {{Country|Syria}} | Syrian occupation of Lebanon | No |
Kagera Region
| 1978 | {{Country|Uganda}} | {{Country|Tanzania}} | No |
rowspan=2 | Southern Lebanon
| 1978-1982 | rowspan=2 | {{Country|Lebanon}} | {{flagicon image|Lebanesearmyfirstflag.png}} Free Lebanon State | No |
March 1978
| {{Country|Israel}} | No |
Cambodia
| 1978–1989 | {{flagcountry|Democratic Kampuchea}} | {{Country|Vietnam}} | No |
Parts of Vietnam
| 1979 | {{Country|Vietnam}} | {{Country|China}} | No |
Afghanistan
| 1979–1989 | {{flagcountry|Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|1980}} | {{Country|Soviet Union}} | No |
= 1980–1999 =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
Falkland Islands
| 1982 | {{nobr|{{Country|United Kingdom}}}} | {{Country|Argentina}} | Occupation of the Falkland Islands | No |
South Lebanon
| 1982-2000 | {{nobr|{{Country|Lebanon}}}} | {{Country|Israel}} | Israeli occupation of South Lebanon | No |
Grenada
| 1983 | {{Country|Grenada}} | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
Northern Province
| 1987–1990 | {{Country|Sri Lanka}} | rowspan=2 | {{Country|India}} | Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War | No |
Maldives
| 1988 | {{Country|Maldives}} | {{n/a}} | No |
Panama
| nowrap | 1989–1990 | {{Country|Panama}} | {{Country|United States}} | No |
Kuwait
| 1990–1991 | {{Country|Kuwait}} | {{Country|Ba'athist Iraq|1963|name=Iraq}} | Gulf War | Yes |
Seven districts surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh
| 1992–2020 | rowspan="2" | {{Country|Azerbaijan}} | {{unbulleted list|{{Country|Armenia}}|{{Country|Artsakh}}}} | rowspan="2" | First Nagorno-Karabakh War | rowspan="2" | Nagorno-Karabakh conflict | Yes (by Artsakh) |
Bağanıs Ayrım, Aşağı Əskipara, Xeyrimli and Ghizilhajili{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/armenia-returns-4-border-villages-to-azerbaijan/a-69168512|title=Armenia returns 4 border villages to Azerbaijan|publisher=DW|date= 24 April 2024}}
| 1992–2024 | {{Country|Armenia}} | No |
Haiti
| 1994–1995 | {{Country|Haiti}} | {{plainlist|
}} | No |
Lesotho
| 1998–1999 | {{Country|Lesotho|1987}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Lesotho general election riots | No |
Parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
| {{Country|Democratic Republic of the Congo|1997}} | {{plainlist|
}} | Foreign support to the DR Congo | No |
= 2000–2019 =
= 2020–present =
class="wikitable sortable"
! Occupied territory ! Years ! Occupied state ! Occupying state ! Event ! Part of war(s) ! Subsequently annexed? |
{{unbulleted list|Parts of Chernihiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Poltava, Sumy, and Zhytomyr Oblasts{{efn|These oblasts of Ukraine were all partially occupied by Russia during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. However, these oblasts were eventually relinquished after several weeks. On the other hand, Russia has also occupied (parts of) Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts during the same invasion, eventually annexing them (including uncontrolled parts) in September–October 2022. Additionally, amid the 2022 annexation, Russia streamlined two small parts of Mykolaiv Oblast into Kherson Oblast, namely the city of Snihurivka and its surroundings,{{cite news |last= |first= |date=21 September 2022 |title=Russian-held parts of Ukraine's Mykolaiv region to be incorporated in Russian-held Kherson |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-held-parts-ukraines-mykolaiv-region-be-incorporated-russian-held-kherson-2022-09-21/ |accessdate=21 September 2022}} as well as the outer portion of the Kinburn Peninsula. Earlier, Russia occupied and annexed Crimea (including Sevastopol) in 2014, which was also previously administered by Ukraine.}}{{efn|See Russian occupation of Chernihiv, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Sumy, and Zhytomyr Oblasts.}}|Chernobyl Exclusion Zone{{efn|The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, the site of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986, was captured by Russia during the 2022 invasion. Most of Chernobyl EZ lies within Kyiv Oblast (and partially within Zhytomyr Oblast), but it is off-limits to civilians. Chernobyl EZ was retaken by Ukraine in March–April 2022.}}|Snake Island{{efn|Snake Island, which is administratively part of Odesa Oblast and located in the Black Sea, was captured by Russia at the beginning of the invasion, on 24 February 2022. Snake Island was retaken by Ukraine on 30 June 2022.}}}}
| 2022–2024 | {{Country|Ukraine}} | {{Country|Russia}} | No{{efn|Russia still controls a small part of Kharkiv Oblast, which it has not officially annexed.}} |
See also
- Russian-occupied territories
- Israeli-occupied territories
- Military occupations by the Soviet Union
- Peacekeeping – military deployments for peace-keeping purposes
- List of military and civilian missions of the European Union
- Annexation
- Revanchism
- For a list of states that have seceded unilaterally see List of states with limited recognition
- For a list of cases where territory is disputed between countries, see List of territorial disputes
Footnotes and references
=Footnotes=
{{notelist}}
=References=
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{citation|author-link=Secretariat of the European Parliament#External Policies|author=Secretariat of the European Parliament DG-EXPO|date=2015|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2015/534995/EXPO_STU(2015)534995_EN.pdf|title=Occupation/Annexation of a Territory: Respect for International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights and Consistent EU Policy}}
- {{cite book | title = Cauldron of Resistance: Ngo Dinh Diem, the United States, and 1950s Southern Vietnam | url = https://scholar.google.com.sg/scholar?hl=zh-CN&q=Cauldron+of+Resistance&btnG=&lr=lang_en | last = Chapman | first = Jessica M. | publisher = Cornell University Press | location = Ithaca, New York | year = 2013 | isbn = 978-0-8014-5061-7 }}