List of parliamentary by-elections in Malaysia
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Casual vacancies in the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) are filled through by-elections, which may occur when a member of the Dewan Rakyat dies, resigns or for some other reason. Under Article 54(1) of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Election Commission of Malaysia has to call a by-election within 60 days of the establishment of the casual vacancy. A by-election is not held when there are less than two years left in the Parliament's term, unless the Speaker notifies the Election Commission that the casual vacancy affects the majority of the governing party.
Brackets around a date indicate that the candidate was unopposed when nominations closed. These candidates were declared "elected unopposed" with effect from the date of the closing of nominations, and there was no need to hold a by-election.
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 15th Malaysian Parliament|15th Parliament]] (2022–present)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kemaman
|2 December 2023 | bgcolor=#031E61| | bgcolor=#031E61| |Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) | ||||||
| Pulai
|9 September 2023 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |Death (brain hemorrhage) | ||||||
| Kuala Terengganu
|12 August 2023 | bgcolor=#031E61| | bgcolor=#031E61| |Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) | ||||||
| Padang Serai
|7 December 2022 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| | bgcolor=#031E61| |The election was postponed from the original date because of the death of the incumbent after the nomination day. |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 14th Malaysian Parliament|14th Parliament]] (2018–2022)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pekan
|Not held |bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Disqualification (sentenced to jail (1MDB scandal)) | ||||||
| Gerik
|Cancelled |bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Batu Sapi
|Cancelled | bgcolor=#A4E5FC| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Death (pneumonia) | ||||||
| Kimanis
|18 January 2020 | bgcolor=#DCDCDC| | bgcolor=#000080| |Nullified and disqualified for election process discrepancies (election petition) | ||||||
| Tanjung Piai
|16 November 2019 | bgcolor=ED1C24| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Sandakan
|11 May 2019 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |Death (cardiac arrest) | ||||||
| Cameron Highlands
|26 January 2019 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |BN (Direct Member) |Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) | ||||||
| Port Dickson
|13 October 2018 |Danyal Balagopal Abdullah | bgcolor=#00ADEF| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |Resignation ('PD Move') |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 13th Malaysian Parliament|13th Parliament]] (2013–2018)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paya Besar
|Not held | bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Death (suspected heart attack & accident in a bathroom) | ||||||
| Jelebu
|Not held | bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Death (brain tumor) | ||||||
| Sungai Besar
|18 June 2016 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (helicopter crash) in Sarawak. | ||||||
| Kuala Kangsar
|18 June 2016 |Wan Mohammad Khair-il Anuar Wan Ahmad | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (helicopter crash) in Sarawak. | ||||||
| Permatang Pauh
|7 May 2015 | bgcolor=#00ADEF| |PKR | bgcolor=#00ADEF| |PKR |Disqualification | ||||||
| Rompin
|5 May 2015 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (helicopter crash) in Semenyih, Selangor. | ||||||
| Telok Intan
|31 May 2014 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (bladder cancer) | ||||||
| Bukit Gelugor
|25 May 2014 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Death (car accident) |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 12th Malaysian Parliament|12th Parliament]] (2008–13)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sabak Bernam
|Not held | bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Disqualification (sentenced to jail) | ||||||
| Titiwangsa
|Not held | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Death (cancer) | ||||||
| Batu Sapi
|4 November 2010 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (motorcycle accident) | ||||||
| Sibu
|16 May 2010 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Death (liver cancer) | ||||||
| Hulu Selangor
|25 April 2010 | bgcolor=#00ADEF| |PKR | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (brain cancer) | ||||||
| Bukit Gantang
|7 April 2009 | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Kuala Terengganu
|17 January 2009 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Permatang Pauh
|26 August 2008 | bgcolor=#00ADEF| |PKR | bgcolor=#00ADEF| |PKR |Resignation to create vacancy |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 11th Malaysian Parliament|11th Parliament]] (2004–08)
| class="wikitable"
!By-election !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Winner !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause |
| Labis
|Not held | bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Resignation |
| Pasir Puteh
|Not held |Kalthom Othman | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Che Min Che Ahmad | bgcolor=#000080| |Election declared null and void. |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 10th Malaysian Parliament|10th Parliament]] (1999–2004)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kangar
|Not held | bgcolor=#000080| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Resignation on appointment as President of Dewan Negara | ||||||
| Gaya
|12 October 2002 | bgcolor=#000080| |Liew Teck Chan | bgcolor=#000080| |Disqualification (found guilty of election offences) | ||||||
| Pendang
|18 July 2002 | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Telok Kemang
|10 June 2000 |S. A. Anpalagan | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 9th Malaysian Parliament|9th Parliament]] (1995–99)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Permatang Pauh
|Not held | bgcolor=#DCDCDC| |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Disqualification (found guilty of sodomy and corruption) | ||||||
| Kota Melaka
|Not held | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |colspan=3 {{n/a}} |Disqualification (jailed under Sedition Act) | ||||||
| Arau
|4 July 1998 |Kamarudin Ahmad | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (stroke) | ||||||
| Kuala Selangor
|29 May 1997 | bgcolor=#000080| |Jamaluddin Adnan | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (to contest in a | ||||||
| Telok Intan
|17 May 1997 |Ong Tin Kim | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Death (cancer) | ||||||
| Lipis
|(15 January 1996) |Abu Dahari Osman | bgcolor=#000080| |Amihamzah Ahmad | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (colon cancer) | ||||||
| Bagan
|9 September 1995 | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Gua Musang
|29 August 1995 | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |S46 | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |S46 |Election declared null and void | ||||||
| Bukit Bintang
|Not held | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Lee Chong Meng | bgcolor=#000080| |Election declared null and void. |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 8th Malaysian Parliament|8th Parliament]] (1990–95)
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 7th Malaysian Parliament|7th Parliament]] (1986–90)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bentong
|13 May 1989 |Chan Siang Sun | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Ampang Jaya
|28 January 1989 |Lim Ann Koon | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Johor Bahru
|25 August 1988 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#DCDCDC| |Resigned to recontest | ||||||
| Gopeng
|16 May 1987 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Limbawang
|18 April 1987 |Abdul Hamid Mustapha | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Lubok Antu
|4 April 1987 |Andrew Janggi Muyang | bgcolor=#000080| |Jawah Gerang | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (car accident) |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 6th Malaysian Parliament|6th Parliament]] (1982–86)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ulu Padas
|11–12 October 1985 | bgcolor=#000080| |Kadoh Agundong | bgcolor=#ADD8E6| |PBS |Resignation | ||||||
| Padang Terap
|19 January 1985 |Syed Ahmad Syed Mahmud Shahabuddin | bgcolor=#000080| |Baharom Abu Bakar | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation on appointment as | ||||||
| Seremban
|19 November 1983 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#ED1C24| |DAP |Resignation | ||||||
| Tampin
|24 September 1983 | bgcolor=#000080| |Omar Abdullah | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (convicted of murder) | ||||||
| Ulu Muda
|16 March 1983 |Hashim Endut | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (found guilty of offence |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 5th Malaysian Parliament|5th Parliament]] (1978–82)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sri Gading
|26 September 1981 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Paloh
|(4 May 1981) | bgcolor=#000080| |Abang Abu Bakar Abang Mustapha | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (to accept the position of Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak) | ||||||
| Kimanis
|(9 April 1981) |Pengiran Aliuddin Pengiran Tahir | bgcolor=#000080| |Pengiran Othman Pengiran Rauf | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (to contest in 1981 Sabah state election) | ||||||
| Mukah
|(28 January 1980) |Salleh Jafaruddin | bgcolor=#000080| |Edwin Esnen Unang | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation (to contest in Oya by-election) | ||||||
| Pelabuhan Kelang
|1 December 1979 | bgcolor=#000080| |V. Govindaraj | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 4th Malaysian Parliament|4th Parliament]] (1974–78)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pontian
|28 January 1978 | bgcolor=#000080| |Ikhwan Nasir | bgcolor=#000080| | ||||||
| Keningau
|26–30 July 1977 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Panti
|(24 February 1977) | bgcolor=#000080| |Saadun Muhammad Noh | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (stroke) | ||||||
| Kimanis
|29 January 1977 |Pengiran Tahir Pengiran Petra | bgcolor=#000080| |Pengiran Aliuddin Pengiran Tahir | bgcolor=#DCDCDC| |Death | ||||||
| Kemaman
|8 May 1976 |Wan Abdul Kadir Ismail | bgcolor=#000080| |Abdul Manan Othman | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Pekan
|(21 February 1976) | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (leukaemia) | ||||||
| Selayang
|14 June 1975 |Walter Loh Poh Khan | bgcolor=#000080| |Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng | bgcolor=#000080| |Death |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 3rd Malaysian Parliament|3rd Parliament]] (1971–74)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rajang
|7–12 January 1974 |Tibuoh Rantai | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |SUPP |Jawan Empaling | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |SUPP |Death | ||||||
| Johore Timor
|(8 September 1973) | bgcolor=#000080| |Abdul Rahman Sabri | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Kuala Kedah
|20 January 1973 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Rembau-Tampin
|8 July 1972 |Sulaiman Mohamed Attas | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Ulu Selangor
|3 June 1972 |Khaw Kai Boh | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Lipis
|8 April 1972 |Abdul Razak Hussin | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation | ||||||
| Bau-Lundu
|11–14 October 1971 |Sinyium Mutit | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |SUPP |Joseph Valentine Cotter | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |SUPP |Resignation | ||||||
| Kapar
|3 April 1971 |Hamzah Alang | bgcolor=#000080| |Mohd. Tahir Abdul Manan | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Malacca Selatan
|30 January 1971 |Abdul Karim Abu | bgcolor=#000080| |Ahmad Ithnin | bgcolor=#000080| |Election for Malacca Selatan |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 2nd Malaysian Parliament|2nd Parliament]] (1964–69)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kuantan
|(11 November 1968) |Abdul Rahman Talib | bgcolor=#000080| |Mohamed Taib | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) | ||||||
| Segamat Utara
|19 October 1968 |Abdullah Mohd Salleh | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Kelantan Hilir
|21 October 1967 |Ahmad Abdullah | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (car accident) | ||||||
| Pasir Mas Hulu
|19 August 1967 |Abdul Samad Gul Ahmad Mianji | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Tengku Zaid Tengku Ahmad | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (murder) | ||||||
| Raub
|(14 August 1967) |Hussein Hassan | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Bruas
|4 June 1966 |Yeoh Tat Beng | bgcolor=#000080| |Chew Biow Chuon | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (car accident) | ||||||
| Krian Laut
|12 March 1966 |Abdul Rauf Abdul Rahman | bgcolor=#000080| |Sulaiman Taib | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (long illness) | ||||||
| Seberang Selatan
|31 October 1964 |Mohamed Noordin Mastan | bgcolor=#000080| |Snawi Ismail | bgcolor=#000080| |Death | ||||||
| Bachok
|27 June 1964 |Zulkiflee Muhammad | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Abu Bakar Hamzah | bgcolor=#009000| |PAS |Death (car accident) |
[[Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 1st Malayan Parliament|1st Parliament]] (1959–64)
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muar Selatan
|28 December 1963 |Sulaiman Abdul Rahman | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) |
| class="wikitable"
|+Establishment of Malaysia |
| Lipis
|20 October 1962 |Mohamed Sulong Mohd. Ali | bgcolor=#000080| |Abdul Razak Hussin | bgcolor=#000080| |Death |
| Kuala Trengganu Selatan
|19 March 1962 | bgcolor=#FFFF00| |Ismail Kassim | bgcolor=#000080| |Death (heart attack) |
| Telok Anson
|30 May 1961 |Woo Saik Hong | bgcolor=#000080| |Too Joon Hing | bgcolor=#DCDCDC| |Death |
| Kampar
|18 May 1960 |Leong Kee Nyean | bgcolor=#000080| |Chan Yoon Onn | bgcolor=#DAA520| |PPP |Disqualification (found guilty |
| Kedah Tengah
|30 September 1959 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |The only remaining |
[[Members of the Federal Legislative Council (1955–59)|Federal Legislative Council (1955–59)]]
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Winner | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batu Pahat
|14 December 1957 |S. Chelvasingam MacIntyre | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation on appointment | ||||||
| Ipoh-Menglembu
|23 November 1957 | bgcolor=#000080| | bgcolor=#DAA520| |PPP |Resignation on appointment | ||||||
| Sungei Perak Ulu
|26 October 1957 |Mohamed Ghazali Jawi | bgcolor=#000080| |Meor Samsudin Meor Yahya | bgcolor=#000080| |Resignation on appointment |
{{Malaysian elections}}
{{Malaysian by-elections}}
{{Parliament of Malaysia}}