Margrethe II

{{Infobox royalty

| name = Margrethe II

| image = Drottning Margrethe av Danmark.jpg

| caption = Portrait, 2012

| succession = Queen of Denmark

| reign = 14 January 1972 – {{nowrap|14 January 2024}}

| predecessor = Frederik IX

| successor = Frederik X

| reg-type = {{nowrap|Prime ministers}}

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1940|4|16|df=y}}

| birth_place = Amalienborg, Copenhagen, Denmark

| spouse = {{marriage|Henri de Laborde de Monpezat|10 June 1967|13 February 2018|end=died}}

| spouse-type = Spouse

| issue = {{plainlist|

}}

| full name = Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid

| house = Glücksburg{{cite web| title=150 years of the House of Glücksborg| date=15 November 2013| url=http://kongehuset.dk/english/Menu/news/150-years-of-the-house-of-glcksborg| access-date=25 October 2014| archive-date=8 December 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208013734/http://kongehuset.dk/english/Menu/news/150-years-of-the-house-of-glcksborg}}

| father = Frederik IX

| mother = Ingrid of Sweden

| signature = Margrethe II - signature.svg

| religion = Church of Denmark

}}

Margrethe II ({{IPA|da|mɑˈkʁeˀtə|lang}}; Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid, born 16 April 1940) is a member of the Danish royal family who reigned as Queen of Denmark from 14 January 1972 until her abdication on 14 January 2024. Having reigned for exactly 52 years, she was the second-longest-reigning Danish monarch after Christian IV. She is also the world's most recent female reigning monarch.

Margrethe was born into the House of Glücksburg, a cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg, during the reign of her paternal grandfather, King Christian X. She is the eldest child of King Frederik IX and Queen Ingrid. She became heir presumptive to her father in 1953 when a constitutional amendment allowed women to inherit the throne. In 1967, she married Henri de Laborde de Monpezat, with whom she had two sons, Frederik and Joachim. Margrethe succeeded her father upon his death in January 1972.

Margrethe has worked as a scenographer, a costume designer, and an illustrator of works by J. R. R. Tolkien. Support for the monarchy in Denmark, alongside her personal popularity, gradually rose throughout the course of her reign, attaining around eighty percent by the time of her abdication. She was succeeded by her elder son, Frederik X.

Early life and education

File:Het Deense Koninklijk gezin in hun woning in paleis Brockdorff in Slot Amalienbo, Bestanddeelnr 252-8594.jpg

Margrethe was born on 16 April 1940 at 10:10 CET at Frederik VIII's Palace, in her parents' residence at Amalienborg, the principal residence of the Danish royal family in the district of Frederiksstaden in central Copenhagen. She was the first child of Crown Prince Frederik (later King Frederik IX) and Crown Princess Ingrid (later Queen Ingrid). Her father was the elder son of the then-reigning King Christian X, while her mother was the only daughter of Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden (later King Gustaf VI Adolf). Her birth took place just one week after the beginning of Nazi Germany's occupation of Denmark following the war invasion.

Princess Margrethe was baptised on 14 May in the Holmen Church in Copenhagen.{{cite book|first1=Lone|last1=Hindø|first2=Else|last2=Boelskifte|title=Kongelig Dåb. Fjorten generationer ved Rosenborg-døbefonten|trans-title=Royal Baptisms. Fourteen generations at the Rosenborg baptismal font|publisher=Forlaget Hovedland|year=2007|isbn=978-87-7070-014-6|language=da|page=113-116}} Her godparents were her grandfathers, King Christian X of Denmark and Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden; her maternal great-grandfathers, King Gustaf V of Sweden and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn; her uncles Prince Knud of Denmark and Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten; as well as her first cousin twice removed, Prince Axel of Denmark.{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/80-fakta-om-hm-dronningen |title=80 fakta om H.M. Dronningen |language=da-DK |date=15 April 2020 |website=Kongehuset.dk |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102063229/https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/80-fakta-om-hm-dronningen |url-status=live }} She was named Margrethe—the Danish variation of her late maternal grandmother Crown Princess Margareta of Sweden's name—Alexandrine after her paternal grandmother, Queen Alexandrine, and Ingrid after her mother. Since her paternal grandfather was also King of Iceland at the time of her birth, she was given the Icelandic name Þórhildur.{{cite web | title = Navnet til den ny prinsesse... | website = nfi.ku.dk | publisher = Nordisk Forskningsinstitut, University of Copenhagen | date = 18 May 2012 | url = http://nfi.ku.dk/nyheder/prinsessenavn2012/ | access-date = 23 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170202083411/http://nfi.ku.dk/nyheder/prinsessenavn2012/ | archive-date = 2 February 2017 | df = dmy-all }} Like her maternal grandmother, Margrethe is known affectionately as "Daisy" to her family and close friends.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16537659|title=Denmark's Queen Margrethe marks 40 years|first=Chris|last=Morris|date=13 January 2012|website=BBC News|access-date=11 May 2020|archive-date=19 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919124536/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16537659|url-status=live}}

The birth of Margrethe's younger sisters Benedikte and Anne-Marie followed in 1944 and 1946, respectively. The princesses grew up in apartments at Frederik VIII's Palace at Amalienborg in Copenhagen and in Fredensborg Palace in North Zealand. Margrethe spent summer holidays with the royal family in her parents' summer residence at Gråsten Palace in Southern Jutland. On 20 April 1947, following the death of Christian X, Margrethe's father ascended the throne as Frederik IX.{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-X |title=Christian X |access-date=14 January 2024 |archive-date=20 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120002951/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-X |url-status=live }}

=Education=

Margrethe was educated at the private school N. Zahle's School in Copenhagen, from which she graduated in 1959. She spent a year at North Foreland Lodge, a boarding school for girls in Hampshire, England,{{cite news|work=The Illustrated London News|volume=227|issue=2 |year=1955|page=552|title=Princess Margrethe, who is fifteen and is heir presumptive to the Danish throne, is to study for a year in England at North Foreland Lodge, a girls' boarding school near Basingstoke, in Hampshire...}} and later studied prehistoric archaeology at Girton College, Cambridge, during 1960–1961, political science at Aarhus University between 1961 and 1962, attended the Sorbonne in 1963, and was at the London School of Economics in 1965.{{CN|date=May 2024}} She is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London.

Heir presumptive

File:Troonopvolgster prinses Margrethe, Bestanddeelnr 254-7690.jpg

At the time of her birth, only males could ascend the throne of Denmark, owing to the changes in succession laws enacted in the 1850s when the Glücksburg branch was chosen to succeed. As Margrethe had no brothers, it was assumed that her uncle Prince Knud would one day assume the throne.{{cite news|work=The New York Times|title=PRINCE KNUD DIES; DANISH CLAIMANT|date=15 June 1976|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/15/archives/prince-knud-dies-danish-claimant-he-lost-direct-succession-to-the.html|access-date=14 January 2024|archive-date=14 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114065337/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/15/archives/prince-knud-dies-danish-claimant-he-lost-direct-succession-to-the.html|url-status=live}}

The process of changing the constitution started in 1947, not long after Margrethe's father ascended the throne and it became clear that Queen Ingrid would have no more children. The popularity of Frederik and his daughters and the more prominent role of women in Danish life started the complicated process of altering the constitution. The law required that the proposal be passed by two successive Parliaments and then by a referendum, which occurred on 27 March 1953. The new Act of Succession permitted female succession to the throne of Denmark, according to male-preference cognatic primogeniture, where a female can ascend to the throne only if she does not have a brother. Princess Margrethe therefore became heir presumptive. In 2009, the law of succession was modified into absolute primogeniture.{{cite web|url=http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-royal-house|website=kongehuset.dk|publisher=Danish Royal Court|title=The Royal House – The Danish Monarchy|access-date=22 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208201408/http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-royal-house|archive-date=8 February 2014}}

Margrethe attended the traditional New Year Courts for the first time in 1956. On her eighteenth birthday, 16 April 1958, Margrethe was given a seat in the Council of State. She subsequently chaired the meetings of the Council in the absence of the King. In 1960, together with her first cousin, Princess Margaretha of Sweden, and Princess Astrid of Norway, she travelled to the United States, which included a visit to Los Angeles, and to the Paramount Studios, where they met several celebrities, including Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis and Elvis Presley.{{cite web|title=Elvis Presley with Princesses Margrethe of Denmark, Astrid of Norway, and Margaretha of Sweden|url=http://www.elvispresleymusic.com.au/pictures/1960_june_7.html#sthash.ORaSOwgy.dd9JxPDB.dpbs|website=Elvispresleymusic.com.au|date=7 June 1960|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909182159/http://www.elvispresleymusic.com.au/pictures/1960_june_7.html#sthash.ORaSOwgy.dd9JxPDB.dpbs|archive-date=9 September 2015}}

She paid her first visit to the Faroe Islands in 1959, alongside her parents and sisters, and to Greenland in 1960.

=Marriage and family=

{{See also|Wedding of Princess Margrethe and Henri de Laborde de Monpezat}}

File:Henrik-Prince-Consort-of-Denmark-and-Margrethe-II-engagement-391769175131.jpg

While Margrethe studied in London, she met the French diplomat, Henri de Laborde de Monpezat, who was legation secretary at the French Embassy in London. Their engagement was announced on 5 October 1966. They were married on 10 June 1967, at the Holmen Church in Copenhagen, and the wedding reception was held at Fredensborg Palace. Laborde de Monpezat received the style and title of "His Royal Highness Prince Henrik of Denmark" because of his new position as the spouse of the heir presumptive to the Danish throne. They were married for over fifty years, until his death on 13 February 2018.

Less than a year after the wedding, Margrethe gave birth to her first child, a son, on 26 May 1968. By tradition, Danish kings were alternately named either Frederik or Christian. She chose to maintain this by assuming the position of a Christian, and thus named her elder son Frederik. The following year, a second child, named Joachim, was born on 7 June 1969.

In 1974, she and Henrik purchased Château de Cayx in the wine district of Cahors in Southern France.

Margrethe announced in 2008 that her male-line descendants would bear the additional title of Count or Countess of Monpezat in recognition of her husband's ancestry.{{cite web|title=Monpezat til Frederik og Joachim|trans-title=Monpezat for Frederik and Joachim|work=Berlingske Tidende|date=30 April 2008|url=http://www.berlingske.dk/article/20080430/danmark/804300370/|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-date=4 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504140925/http://www.berlingske.dk/article/20080430/danmark/804300370/|url-status=live}}

In 2022, the Queen announced that, from the start of 2023, the descendants of Prince Joachim will only be able to use their titles of Count and Countess of Monpezat, their previous titles of Prince and Princess of Denmark ceasing to exist. To allow the children, who were never expected to hold an official role within the royal family, to have normal lives, the Queen wanted "to create a framework for the four grandchildren, to a much greater degree, to be able to shape their own existence without being limited by the special considerations and obligations that a formal affiliation with the Royal House as an institution implies".{{Cite web |date=28 September 2022 |title=Denmark's Queen Margrethe strips four grandchildren of royal titles |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/29/denmarks-queen-margrethe-strips-four-grandchildren-of-royal-titles |access-date=29 September 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en |agency=Agence France-Presse}} Her son, Joachim, daughter-in-law, Marie, former daughter-in-law, Alexandra, and eldest grandson, Nikolai, publicly expressed shock and confusion because of the decision,[https://www.euronews.com/2022/09/29/shocked-and-confused-denmarks-queen-strips-royal-titles-from-grandchildren 'Shocked and confused': Denmark's queen strips royal titles from grandchildren] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930000333/https://www.euronews.com/2022/09/29/shocked-and-confused-denmarks-queen-strips-royal-titles-from-grandchildren |date=30 September 2022 }}, Euronews, 29 September 2022. after which Margrethe released a statement in which she said that it saddened her that she had upset Joachim's family.[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/oct/04/denmark-queen-margrethe-sorry-family-upset-grandchildren-royal-titles Denmark's Queen says sorry for family upset caused by taking away titles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019015542/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/oct/04/denmark-queen-margrethe-sorry-family-upset-grandchildren-royal-titles |date=19 October 2022 }}, The Guardian, 4 October 2022.

Along with her late husband, Margrethe has kept dachshunds since the 1970s. She currently has one dog, the dachshund Tilia, who was Prince Henrik's dog until his death in 2018.

Reign

=Accession=

File:Guests-in-Stockholm-1972-11-11.jpg, and Finnish president Urho Kekkonen at the 90th-birthday celebration of King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, November 1972]]

On 3 January 1972, three days after King Frederik IX delivered his New Year's address, he suffered a heart attack and was admitted to the Copenhagen Municipal Hospital. Margrethe was then designated regent the following day. The king died on 14 January, and Margrethe acceded the throne at the age of 31, becoming the first female Danish sovereign under the new Act of Succession. She was proclaimed Queen from the balcony of Christiansborg Palace the following day by Prime Minister Jens Otto Krag.{{Cite web |date=14 January 2022 |title=Frederik 9.´s sidste dage |url=https://www.dr.dk/historie/webfeature/frederik-ix-sidste-dage |access-date=28 July 2024 |website=DR |language=da-dk}}

Her regnal number was chosen in recognition of the 14th century Danish monarch, Margrethe. Her motto was "God's help, the love of the people, Denmark's strength" ({{Langx|da|Guds hjælp, folkets kærlighed, Danmarks styrke|links=no}}). She relinquished all the monarch's former titles except the title to Denmark, hence her style "By the Grace of God, Queen of Denmark" ({{langx|da|Margrethe den Anden, af Guds Nåde Danmarks Dronning|links=no}}).{{CN|date=May 2024}}

= Constitutional role =

File:Dmitry Medvedev in Denmark 27 April 2010-4.jpeg in Denmark, April 2010]]

The Queen's main tasks were to represent the Kingdom abroad and to be a unifying figure at home. She performed the latter by opening exhibitions, attending anniversaries and inaugurating bridges, among other things. She received foreign ambassadors and awards, honours and medals.

As a constitutional sovereign, Margrethe took no part in party politics and does not express any political opinions. Although she had the right to vote, she opted not to do so to avoid even the appearance of partisanship.

The Queen held a meeting with the prime minister and the foreign affairs minister every Wednesday, unless either she or the prime minister was outside of the kingdom.

After an election where the incumbent prime minister does not have a majority behind him or her, the Queen held a "{{Lang|da|Dronningerunde}}" (Queen's meeting) in which she met the chairmen of each of the Danish political parties.{{cite web |url=http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/the-monarchy-today |title=The Monarchy today |publisher=Kongehuset.dk |access-date=11 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215082552/http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/the-monarchy-today |archive-date=15 February 2015 }}

File:P060811SA-0016 (5813178454).jpg

Each party has the choice of selecting a royal investigator to lead these negotiations or alternatively, give the incumbent prime minister the mandate to continue his or her government as is. In theory each party could choose its own leader as royal investigator, as the social liberal {{Lang|da|Det Radikale Venstre|italic=no}} did in 2006, but often only one royal investigator is chosen plus the prime minister, before each election. The leader who, at that meeting, succeeds in securing a majority of the seats in the Folketing, is, by royal decree, charged with the task of forming a new government. (No party has held an absolute majority in the Folketing since 1903.)

Once the government had been formed, the Queen formally appointed it. Officially, it was the monarch who was the head of state, and she therefore presided over the Council of State (privy council), where the acts of legislation which have been passed by the parliament are signed into law. In practice, nearly all of the Queen's formal powers were exercised by the Cabinet of Denmark.

It was customary for Margrethe, as the Danish monarch, to host the annual New Year levées. Every year on 1 January, a banquet was held for the government, the Speaker of the Danish Parliament, representatives of official Denmark and the Royal Court at Christian VIII's Palace at Amalienborg. On day two, a levée was held at Christian VIII's Palace for the justices of Supreme Court of Denmark and the Officer Corps of the Royal Life Guards and the Guard Hussar Regiment, followed by a levée at Christiansborg Palace for the diplomatic corps. On day three, a levée was held for officers from the Defence and the Danish Emergency Management Agency, the I., II. and III. ranking classes as well as invited representatives of major national organisations and the royal patronages.{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/monarkiet-i-danmark/begivenheder-i-kongehuset/nytarstafler-og-kure |title=Nytårstafler og -kure |publisher=Kongehuset.dk |language=da-DK |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102070641/https://www.kongehuset.dk/monarkiet-i-danmark/begivenheder-i-kongehuset/nytarstafler-og-kure |url-status=live }}

=Official duties=

File:Monarchy Of Denmark April 2010.jpg

Up to the end of her reign, Margrethe held 72 Danish and eight foreign patronages as queen, including Aarhus Festuge, ARoS Aarhus Kunstmuseum, DaneAge Association, Danes Worldwide, the {{ill|Dyrenes Beskyttelse|da|lt=Danish Animal Welfare Society}}, the {{ill|Kræftens Bekæmpelse|da|lt=Danish Cancer Society}}, Den Gamle By, Det Classenske Fideicommis, the {{ill|Det Danske Bibelselskab|da|lt=Danish Bible Society}}, Det Kongelige Vajsenhus, Diakonissestiftelsen, Foreningen Norden, Land of Legends (Sagnlandet Lejre), M/S Maritime Museum of Denmark, Moesgaard Museum, National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark, Nyborg Slot, Rebild National Park, the Royal Danish Academy of Music, Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Royal Danish Yacht Club, {{ill|Rungstedlundfonden|da|lt=Rungstedlund Foundation}}, Sankt Lukas Stiftelsen, Vallø stift and Vemmetofte.{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/den-kongelige-familie/h-m-dronningen#protektioner-og-aereshverv |title=Protektioner og æreshverv |publisher=Kongehuset.dk |language=da-DK |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102045718/https://www.kongehuset.dk/den-kongelige-familie/h-m-dronningen#protektioner-og-aereshverv |url-status=live }}

A pillar of her reign was an intricate knowledge of and connection to all parts of the Danish Realm. In 2016, she contributed to a book about Denmark's history.{{cite web |url=https://www.thelocal.dk/20161019/danish-queen-writes-history-of-her-nation |title=Denmark's Queen to publish history of the nation |date=19 October 2016 |publisher=The Local |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102045718/https://www.thelocal.dk/20161019/danish-queen-writes-history-of-her-nation |url-status=live }}

Until her abdication, Margrethe served as colonel-in-chief of the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment, an infantry regiment of the British Army, following a tradition dating back to 1906 when Edward VII, married to Alexandra of Denmark, appointed his brother-in-law, Frederik VIII of Denmark, colonel-in-chief of the then Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment).{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/connection-with-the-princess-of-wales-royal-regiment |title=Connection with The Princess of Wales Royal Regiment |publisher=Kongehuset.dk |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=1 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701032854/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/connection-with-the-princess-of-wales-royal-regiment |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=31 March 2023 |title=The PWRR's Colonel-in-Chief – PWRR and Queen's Museum |url=https://pwrrqueensmuseum.co.uk/our-colonel-in-chief/ |access-date=21 May 2024 |language=en-GB}}

As sovereign, Margrethe received 42 official state visits and she undertook 55 foreign state visits herself. She and the royal family have made several other foreign visits.{{Cite web |date=4 August 2020 |title=Stats- og officielle besøg |trans-title=State and official visits |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/kongehuset/monarkiet-i-danmark/stats-og-officielle-besoeg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625030552/https://www.kongehuset.dk/kongehuset/monarkiet-i-danmark/stats-og-officielle-besoeg |archive-date=25 June 2021 |access-date=23 June 2021 |website=Kongehuset |language=da}}{{Cite web |date=22 September 2021 |title=Statsbesøg til Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland |trans-title=State visit to the Federal Republic of Germany |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/statsbesoeg-til-forbundsrepublikken-tyskland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111194524/https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/statsbesoeg-til-forbundsrepublikken-tyskland |archive-date=11 November 2021 |access-date=11 November 2021 |website=Kongehuset |language=da}}

=Residences=

As queen, her official residences were Amalienborg (where she resides at Christian IX's Palace) in Copenhagen and Fredensborg Palace near Hillerød. Her summer residences were Marselisborg Palace{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Marselisborg Slot |trans-title=Marselisborg Castle |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/slotte-og-kongeskibet/marselisborg-slot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416170302/https://www.kongehuset.dk/slotte-og-kongeskibet/marselisborg-slot |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=Kongehuset.dk |language=da}} near Aarhus and Gråsten Palace{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Graasten Slot |trans-title=Graasten Castle |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/slotte-og-kongeskibet/grasten-slot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416165902/https://www.kongehuset.dk/slotte-og-kongeskibet/grasten-slot |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=16 April 2021 |website=Kongehuset.dk |language=da}} near Sønderborg, the former home of her mother, Queen Ingrid, who died in 2000.{{Cite web |title=Graasten Palace and Palace Gardens |url=https://kongeligeslotte.dk/en/palaces-and-gardens/graasten-palace-and-palace-gardens.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114065503/https://kongeligeslotte.dk/en/palaces-and-gardens/graasten-palace-and-palace-gardens.html |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=14 January 2024}}

=Immigration debate=

In her New Year's address at the end of 1984, the Queen addressed the xenophobia experienced by many immigrants in Denmark: {{blockquote|We have the peace, the free political life and social relations that make our country a sought-after haven for many. Refugees from very different backgrounds come here, sometimes injured in both mind and body. We welcome them and are probably also a little proud that they have chosen our little paradise, but when we see them fumbling with our way of life and our language, hospitality becomes difficult all too quickly, and disappointment sets in on both sides. There are also others who have felt that, namely the guest workers and their families (...) Then we come with our 'Danish humour' and little cocky remarks. Then we meet them with coolness, and then it is not far to harassment and rougher methods—we cannot allow that. If we want the new year to be better than the old, then here is a good place to start.}}

The term "cocky remarks" ({{Lang|da|dumsmarte bemærkninger}}, {{Literal translation|dumb-slick remarks}}) has since become an integrated part of the Danish vocabulary.{{Cite web |title=dumsmart — Den Danske Ordbog |url=https://ordnet.dk/ddo/ordbog?query=dumsmarte |language=da-DK |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=ordnet.dk |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102052509/https://ordnet.dk/ddo/ordbog?query=dumsmarte |url-status=live }}

In an interview within the 2016 book {{Lang|da|De dybeste rødder}} (The Deepest Roots), according to historians at the Saxo Institute of the University of Copenhagen, Margrethe showed a change in attitude to immigration towards a more conservative stance. She stated that the Danish people should have more explicitly clarified the rules and values of Danish culture in order to be able to teach them to new arrivals. She further stated that the Danes in general have underestimated the difficulties involved in successful integration of immigrants, exemplified with the rules of a democracy not being clarified to Muslim immigrants and a lack of readiness to enforce those rules. This was received as a change in line with the attitude of the Danish people.{{cite news|title=Historiker om Margrethes danskheds-udtalelse: – Hun har fulgt folkesjælens bekymringer|url=http://nyheder.tv2.dk/politik/2016-10-23-historiker-om-margrethes-danskheds-udtalelse-hun-har-fulgt-folkesjaelens|access-date=25 October 2016|publisher=TV2 (Denmark)|date=23 October 2016|archive-date=10 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610175255/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/politik/2016-10-23-historiker-om-margrethes-danskheds-udtalelse-hun-har-fulgt-folkesjaelens|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Dronning Margrethe om integration: "Det er ikke en naturlov, at man bliver dansker af at bo i Danmark"|url=http://www.b.dk/politiko/dronning-margrethe-om-integration-det-er-ikke-en-naturlov-at-man-bliver-dans|access-date=25 October 2016|newspaper=Berlingske Tidende|date=22 October 2016|archive-date=3 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074024/https://www.b.dk/politiko/dronning-margrethe-om-integration-det-er-ikke-en-naturlov-at-man-bliver-dans|url-status=live}}

=Silver, Ruby and Golden Jubilees=

{{See also|Golden Jubilee of Margrethe II}}{{multiple image

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| image1 = Faroe stamp 302 Queen Margrethe.jpg

| image2 = Stamps of the Faroe Islands-2012-01.jpg

| footer = Faroese stamps marking the Queen's silver jubilee in 1997 and her ruby jubilee in 2012

}}

Margrethe marked her Silver Jubilee in 1997 with a religious service and a gala dinner attended by fellow Scandinavian royals.{{CN|date=May 2024}} She celebrated her Ruby Jubilee, the 40th year on the throne, on 14 January 2012.{{cite news |date=12 January 2012 |title=Queen Margrethe II of Denmark marks 40 years on the throne |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16531823 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314221949/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16531823 |archive-date=14 March 2017 |access-date=22 June 2018 |work=BBC News}} This was marked by a church service, concert, carriage procession, gala banquet at Christiansborg Palace and numerous TV interviews.{{CN|date=May 2024}}

The Queen's Golden Jubilee was marked on 14 January 2022, with celebrations to take place later in the year. In September, following the death of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, it was announced by the Royal House that it was "Her Majesty The Queen's wish that a number of adjustments be made" to the upcoming celebrations.{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/modified-celebration-of-the-50th-jubilee-of-hm-the-queen%E2%80%99s-accession-to-the-throne|title=Modified celebration of the 50th Jubilee of HM The Queen's Accession to the Throne|work=The Royal House|date=9 September 2022|access-date=1 February 2023|archive-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205175653/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/modified-celebration-of-the-50th-jubilee-of-hm-the-queen%E2%80%99s-accession-to-the-throne|url-status=live}}

Between Elizabeth II's death and her abdication, Margrethe was Europe's longest-reigning monarch, the world's only queen regnant, and the longest-serving incumbent female head of state.{{cite news|title=Margrethe II: Who is the chain-smoking, fashion-forward Queen of Denmark?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/queen-margrethe-ii-denmark-who-b2471599.html|date=1 January 2024|work=Independent|access-date=2 January 2024|archive-date=1 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101015706/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/queen-margrethe-ii-denmark-who-b2471599.html|url-status=live}}

= Sitting reign record =

In July 2023, the Danish Royal House recognized Margrethe II as Denmark's longest-reigning sitting monarch.{{cite news|url=https://people.com/queen-margrethe-makes-history-longest-reigning-monarch-denmark-7562644|title=Queen Margrethe Just Made History as Denmark's Longest-Reigning Monarch — See the New Record|first=David|last=Chiu|publisher=People|date=18 July 2023|access-date=15 January 2024}}{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/queen-margrethe-denmarks-uniting-figure-set-step-down-throne-2024-01-11/|title=Queen Margrethe, Denmark's uniting figure, set to step down from throne|first1=Louise|last1=Rasmussen|first2=Johannes|last2=Birkebaek|publisher=Reuters|date=11 January 2024|access-date=15 January 2024}} Though Christian IV reigned for over 59 years between 1588 and 1648, he was not officially installed until 1596, ruling with a "guardian government" up until then.

= Abdication =

In her annual live broadcast New Year's Eve address on 31 December 2023, Margrethe announced her abdication, which took place on 14 January 2024, the 52nd anniversary of her accession to the throne.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67854395 |title=Queen of Denmark announces abdication live on TV |date=31 December 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |archive-date=31 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231173513/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67854395 |url-status=live }} She said that time had taken its "toll", that her number of "ailments" had increased, and that she cannot undertake as many duties as in the past. She cited her extensive back surgery in February, and said that the operation made her reassess her position and consider "whether now would be an appropriate time to pass on the responsibility to the next generation".{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/read-hm-the-queens-new-year-address-2023|title=Read HM The Queen's New Year Address 2023|date=31 December 2023|work=kongehuset.dk|access-date=1 January 2024|archive-date=1 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101040453/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/read-hm-the-queens-new-year-address-2023|url-status=live}}

Margrethe's elder son, Frederik, assumed the throne as Frederik X.{{Cite web |url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/dronning-margrethe-av-danmark-gar-av-1.16697543 |title=Dronning Margrethe av Danmark går av |first=Silja Björklund |last=Einarsdóttir |date=31 December 2023 |website=NRK |access-date=31 December 2023 |archive-date=31 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231174727/https://www.nrk.no/norge/dronning-margrethe-av-danmark-gar-av-1.16697543 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=31 December 2023 |title=Missede du det store øjeblik? Se hele dronning Margrethes tale her |url=https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/missede-du-det-store-oejeblik-se-hele-dronning-margrethes-tale-her |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=DR |language=da-DK |archive-date=1 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101235323/https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/missede-du-det-store-oejeblik-se-hele-dronning-margrethes-tale-her |url-status=live }} Mirroring her first New Year Address in 1973, she said of the succession: "The support and assistance which I have received throughout the years, have been crucial to the success of my task. It is my hope that the new King and Queen will be met with the same trust and devotion which have fallen to my lot."

Since her abdication, she has been referred to as "Her Majesty Queen Margrethe".{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-queen-margrethe/|title=HM Queen Margrethe|date=15 January 2024|work=kongehuset.dk|access-date=16 January 2024}}{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/changes-in-the-titles-of-the-royal-family|title=Changes in the titles of The Royal Family|date=2 January 2024|work=kongehuset.dk|access-date=3 January 2024|archive-date=3 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103011235/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/changes-in-the-titles-of-the-royal-family|url-status=live}} She is eligible to serve as regent in the event of the incapacity or absence of the King and Crown Prince Christian. As regent, Margrethe can perform the duties of the head of state on certain occasions, for example during Frederik and Christian's stays abroad.{{cite web|title=HM The Queen will be able to be installed as acting regent|date=10 January 2024|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/hm-the-queen-will-be-able-to-be-installed-as-acting-regent|work=kongehuset.dk|access-date=15 January 2024|archive-date=14 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114235451/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/hm-the-queen-will-be-able-to-be-installed-as-acting-regent|url-status=live}}

Health issues

File:Crown-princess Margrethe and Henri de Monpezat 1966.jpg

Queen Margrethe II has had a number of health issues. Since the 1990s, she has undergone several operations on her right knee due to injuries and osteoarthritis. In 1994, she was treated for cervical cancer.{{cite news | title=Slidgigt, allergi og kræft | url=https://www.bt.dk/nyheder/slidgigt-allergi-og-kraeft | publisher=BT | date=27 December 2001 | access-date=27 September 2022 | archive-date=26 September 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926232245/https://www.bt.dk/nyheder/slidgigt-allergi-og-kraeft | url-status=live }} In 2003, she underwent a four-and-a-half-hour-long operation for spinal stenosis.{{Cite web|title=Dronning Margrethe er begyndt genoptræning|url=https://jyllands-posten.dk/indland/ECE15144930/dronning-margrethe-er-begyndt-genoptraening/|access-date=24 February 2023|website=Berlingske|date=23 February 2023|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223234443/https://jyllands-posten.dk/indland/ECE15144930/dronning-margrethe-er-begyndt-genoptraening/|url-status=live}}

On 9 February 2022, the Danish court disclosed in a press release that the Queen had contracted COVID-19.{{Cite web|title=HM The Queen has tested positive for COVID-19|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/her-majesty-the-queen-has-tested-positive-for-covid-19|access-date=9 February 2022|website=kongehuset.dk|archive-date=21 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421114143/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/her-majesty-the-queen-has-tested-positive-for-covid-19|url-status=live}} On 13 February, the Queen was able to leave home isolation after having had a mild case of the virus.{{Cite web|title=H.M. Dronningen kan ophæve sin isolation|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/h-m-dronningen-kan-ophaeve-sin-isolation|access-date=13 February 2022|website=kongehuset.dk|trans-title=HM The Queen can lift her isolation|archive-date=13 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213200234/https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/h-m-dronningen-kan-ophaeve-sin-isolation|url-status=live}} On 21 September 2022, the Danish Royal House disclosed in a press release that Margrethe had tested positive for COVID-19 a second time after attending the state funeral of Elizabeth II, her third cousin, in London.{{Cite news |date=21 September 2022 |title=Queen of Denmark tests positive to COVID-19 after attending funeral of Queen Elizabeth II |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-22/queen-denmark-tests-positive-covid/101464642 |access-date=21 September 2022 |archive-date=21 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921234234/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-22/queen-denmark-tests-positive-covid/101464642 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=Danish queen tests positive after UK monarch's funeral |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/danish-queen-tests-positive-uk-monarchs-funeral-90259444 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921234230/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/danish-queen-tests-positive-uk-monarchs-funeral-90259444 |archive-date=21 September 2022 |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=ABC News |language=}} She left home isolation again on 26 September and resumed her official duties immediately, stating that she felt fine.{{cite news | title=Dronning Margrethe er ude af coronaisolation – har det "fint, fint" | url=https://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2022-09-26-dronning-margrethe-er-ude-af-coronaisolation-har-det-fint-fint | publisher=TV2 | date=26 September 2022 | access-date=27 September 2022 | archive-date=26 September 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926232246/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2022-09-26-dronning-margrethe-er-ude-af-coronaisolation-har-det-fint-fint | url-status=live }}

On 22 February 2023, the Queen underwent "major back surgery" at Rigshospitalet due to continued back pain.{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/crown-prince-frederik-queen-margrethe-ii-denmark-europe-2d4d5120ec84520dd6e2d6d72031459b|title=Danish queen to undergo 'major back surgery'|work=AP News|date=8 February 2023|access-date=8 February 2023|archive-date=8 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208162357/https://apnews.com/article/crown-prince-frederik-queen-margrethe-ii-denmark-europe-2d4d5120ec84520dd6e2d6d72031459b|url-status=live}} In a statement the following day, a representative for the Queen said that the surgery had gone well and that she had already been up for a walk. She was discharged from the hospital on 2 March,{{cite news |date=2 March 2023 |title=Danish queen discharged from hospital after back surgery |url=https://apnews.com/article/denmark-queen-margrethe-surgery-7aa7f5d8f5946660c8cf7b3fc59afb9a |work=AP News |access-date=10 May 2023 |archive-date=11 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511031803/https://apnews.com/article/denmark-queen-margrethe-surgery-7aa7f5d8f5946660c8cf7b3fc59afb9a |url-status=live }} and returned from sick leave on her birthday on 16 April.

Margrethe has been a chain smoker and is well known for her tobacco habit.{{cite news|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1235946.stm|title= Danish royals angry at cancer accusation|work=BBC |publisher= BBC News|date= 23 March 2001|first= Julian|last= Isherwood|access-date= 11 December 2014|archive-date= 7 August 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170807025601/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1235946.stm|url-status= live}} On 23 November 2006, the Danish newspaper B.T. printed an announcement from the Royal Court that the Queen would henceforth smoke only in private.{{cite web|url=http://www.bt.dk/article/20061123/ROYALT/111230530/1058 |title=Margrethe skruer ned for røgen | website= bt.dk| date= 26 November 2006 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071016113125/http://www.bt.dk/article/20061123/ROYALT/111230530/1058 |archive-date=16 October 2007| access-date=7 May 2014}}

In September 2024, she was hospitalised after falling in Fredensborg Castle.{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/margrethe-royal-queen-falling-denmark-4e6574b44a78521ca6afa2e5010c6428 | website=Associated Press |title=Denmark's Queen Margrethe who abdicated earlier this year has been hospitalized |date=19 September 2024 |access-date=19 September 2024}}

Public image and style

File:Hendes Majestæt Dronningen i Kolding 01.jpg

Margrethe wears designs by former Pierre Balmain designer Erik Mortensen, Jørgen Bender, and Birgitte Taulow.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} In March 2013, The Guardian listed her as one of the fifty best-dressed over-50s.{{cite news |last=Cartner-Morley |first=Jess |date=28 March 2013 |title=The 50 best-dressed over-50s |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/gallery/2013/mar/29/50-best-dressed-over-50s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420140223/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/gallery/2013/mar/29/50-best-dressed-over-50s |archive-date=20 April 2016 |access-date=12 December 2016 |newspaper=The Guardian |location=Manchester, UK}} In connection with her 80th birthday, British Vogue published an article calling her "An Unsung Style Heroine."{{cite news |last=Madsen |first=Anders Christian |title=Meet Queen Margrethe Of Denmark, An Unsung Style Heroine |url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/article/queen-margrethe-of-denmark-style |access-date=26 April 2021 |work=British Vogue |publisher=Condé Nast |date=2 May 2020 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419180110/https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/article/queen-margrethe-of-denmark-style |url-status=live }}

A 2012 poll showed support for the monarchy in Denmark remained consistently high at around 82%, compared to less than half when she ascended the throne in 1972.{{Cite web |last=Stjer |first=Christian |date=2 June 2012 |title=Danskerne er vilde med kongehuset {{!}} Voxmeter |url=https://voxmeter.dk/danskerne-er-vilde-kongehuset/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005020321/https://voxmeter.dk/danskerne-er-vilde-kongehuset/ |archive-date=5 October 2022 |access-date=23 June 2021 |language=da-DK}}

The Queen has been depicted on the annual christmas seal twice—as a child in 1942 and following her accession to the throne in 1972.

Margrethe was included in Andy Warhol's portrait series in 1985 as one of four Reigning Queens, along with queens Ntfombi of Eswatini, Elizabeth II and Beatrix of the Netherlands.Los Angeles Times. Muchnic, Suzanne. [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-20-ca-5060-story.html The Art Galleries: Downtown], articles.latimes.com; 20 December 1985.

Personal interests

=Archaeology=

Margrethe is known for her strong archaeological passion and has participated in several excavations, including in Italy, Egypt, Denmark and South America.{{Cite book|last=Scocozza|first=Benito|title=Politikens bog om danske monarker|date=1997|publisher=Politiken|isbn=87-567-5772-7|edition=1. udg|location=København|pages=204–205|oclc=57288915}} She shared this interest with her grandfather, Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, with whom she spent some time unearthing artefacts near Etruria in 1962.{{Cite book |title=Burke's Royal Families of the World. |publisher=Burke's Peerage Limited |year=1977 |isbn=0-85011-023-8 |editor-last=Montgomery-Massingberd |editor-first=Hugh |editor-link=Hugh Massingberd |series=MCMLXXVII |volume=I |location=London |pages=62–63 |oclc=18496936}}

=Church textiles=

Since the 1970s, Margrethe has designed and embroidered several vestments and church textiles for churches in Denmark, Greenland, Germany and England.{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/church-textiles/ |title=Church textiles |work=Kongehuset.dk |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102061310/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/church-textiles/ |url-status=live }} She has designed a chasuble for Fredensborg Palace Church which was since embroidered by her mother, Queen Ingrid, and appliquéd by her sister, Princess Benedikte. The textile was presented to the church on its 250th anniversary in 1976. In 1989, Margrethe designed the bishop's robe for the Diocese of Viborg. In 2017, she designed the antependium for the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg, Germany. In 2020, she designed the chasuble for the Danish Church of St Katharine in Camden, London.{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/hm-the-queen-has-created-a-new-chasuble-for-the-danish-church-in-london |title=HM The Queen has created a new chasuble for the Danish Church in London |work=Kongehuset.dk |date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102061315/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/hm-the-queen-has-created-a-new-chasuble-for-the-danish-church-in-london |url-status=live }}

In addition to the church textiles, Margrethe has various other things, including an altarpiece for Skei Mountain Church in Norway, a Christmas spoon, the annual Danish Christmas seals in 1970, 2003 and 2015, and Greenland's Christmas seal in 1983.{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/decorations-and-design/|access-date=2 January 2024|title=Decorations and design|work=kongehuset.dk|archive-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102145047/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/decorations-and-design/|url-status=live}}

=Découpage=

Since the mid-1970s, Margrethe has been using the découpage technique, which involves combining clippings from periodicals and books for new motifs. This technique is used in auction catalogues, home magazines, and furniture decorations. The découpage often references literary, mythological, or art-historical topics, and is often displayed in royal palaces, particularly Christian VII's Palace at Amalienborg. Sealed with a protective lacquer, the Queen's découpage works generally have references to literary, mythological or art-historical topics.{{cite web|title=Découpage|date=2 January 2024|work=kongehuset.dk|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/decoupage/|access-date=2 January 2024|archive-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102145047/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/decoupage/|url-status=live}}

Margrethe's découpage works have also been used in various books and films, including Prince Henrik's poetry collections Cantabile (2000) and Frihjul (2010). Eighty-one découpages she designed were the basis for the sets of the 2023 film Ehrengard: The Art of Seduction.[https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/aug/31/queen-of-denmark-margrethe-ii-set-designer-netflix-ehrengard-karen-blixen The Guardian, "Queen of Denmark hired as set designer on new Netflix film", 31 August 2021] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027171352/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/aug/31/queen-of-denmark-margrethe-ii-set-designer-netflix-ehrengard-karen-blixen |date=27 October 2023 }}. Retrieved 27 October 2023.[https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/style/ehrengard-queen-margrethe-netflix.html The New York Times, "Scream Queen? More Like Steam Queen", 10 October 2023] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027171352/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/style/ehrengard-queen-margrethe-netflix.html |date=27 October 2023 }}. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

=Embroidery=

As a child, Margrethe preferred drawing rather than needlework, but since 1960, numerous embroideries have been presented as gifts or used in the Queen's own rooms. The embroideries are made from patterns that Margrethe herself creates on graph paper, which includes twining shapes and the recipient's monogram. The Queen has designed several embroideries for the Danish Handcraft Guild, including patterns for calendars, cushion covers and dinner mats. Margrethe has also designed evening bags and spectacle cases for friends and family members, including Christmas calendars for all of the grandchildren, cushion covers and furniture covers for the palaces, and fireplace screens for Fredensborg Palace.{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/embroideries/|work=kongehuset.dk|access-date=2 January 2024|title=Embroideries|archive-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102145047/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/embroideries/|url-status=live}}

The Queen's private embroideries were exhibited at Koldinghus Castle in 2021.

=Films=

The Queen has worked as a screenwriter alongside Per Brink Abrahamsen on the two Hans Christian Andersen adaptations {{ill|Snedronningen (film fra 2000)|da|lt=The Snow Queen}} from 2000 and {{ill|De vilde svaner (film fra 2009)|da|lt=The Wild Swans}} from 2009. Additionally, she narrated the former and made an uncredited acting cameo as a "member of the mob" in the latter.

Using decoupage as her primary craft, she has also been a set designer for:

{{ill|Snedronningen (film fra 2000)|da|lt=The Snow Queen}} (2000)
{{ill|De vilde svaner (film fra 2009)|da|lt=The Wild Swans}} (2009)
Ehrengard: The Art of Seduction (2023)

For her work on Ehrengard: The Art of Seduction, Margrethe won the Robert Award for Best Costume Design at the 41st Robert Awards on 3 February 2024. She was also nominated in the category Best Production Design.{{Cite web |url=https://www.billedbladet.dk/kongelige/danmark/vild-nyhed-lige-inden-tronskifte-dronning-margrethe-nomineret-til-stor-pris |title=Vild nyhed lige inden tronskifte: Dronning Margrethe nomineret til stor pris |date=9 January 2024 |website=Billed Bladet |language=da-DK |access-date=9 January 2024 |archive-date=9 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109124052/https://www.billedbladet.dk/kongelige/danmark/vild-nyhed-lige-inden-tronskifte-dronning-margrethe-nomineret-til-stor-pris |url-status=live }}

=Monograms=

{{multiple image

| align = right

| total_width = 230

| perrow =

| image1 = Royal Monogram of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark.svg

| image2 = Private Monogram of Queen Margrethe of Denmark.svg

| footer = Margrethe's royal monogram (left) and her personal monogram (right)

}}

In 2004, Margrethe designed the official monogram of her second cousin twice removed, Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway.{{cite web |url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/jP9bl9/dronning-margrethe-tegnet-ingrid-alexandras-monogram |title=Dronning Margrethe tegnet Ingrid Alexandras monogram |website=VG |date=13 April 2004 |access-date=25 December 2023 |archive-date=25 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225075010/https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/jP9bl9/dronning-margrethe-tegnet-ingrid-alexandras-monogram |url-status=live }} She has also designed her own personal monogram; the personal monograms of her son Frederik X, daughter-in-law Mary and grandson Christian; as well as the joint monograms of the Danish Crown Prince couple as well as the Norwegian Crown Prince couple, her godson Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway, and his wife Mette-Marit.

=Scenography and costume design=

Over the years, Margrethe has become involved in ballet as a scenographer and costume designer.{{cite web|access-date=2 January 2024|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/scenography-and-costume-design/|title=Scenography and costume design|work=kongehuset.dk|archive-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102145048/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/scenography-and-costume-design/|url-status=live}} She designed the costumes for the Royal Danish Ballet's production of A Folk Tale and for the 2009 Peter Flinth film, De vilde svaner (The Wild Swans).{{cite web|url=http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-royal-house/Regentparret/hm-the-queen|website=Kongehuset.dk|title=Her Majesty Queen Margrethe II|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-date=7 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207154028/http://kongehuset.dk/english/The-Royal-House/Regentparret/hm-the-queen}}{{cite web| url= https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1499643/| title= De vilde svaner (2009)| website= Internet Movie Database| access-date= 11 December 2014| archive-date= 15 September 2014| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140915135055/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1499643/| url-status= live}} She also designs her own clothes and is known for her colourful and sometimes eccentric clothing choices. The Queen designed 51 costumes for the 2023 film Ehrengard: The Art of Seduction as well as 81 découpages that were the basis for the sets.

Margrethe has designed sets and costumes for numerous ballets. Since 2001, she has worked with the Tivoli Ballet Theatre:{{cite news |title=Scenografi og kostumer |url=https://www.tivoli.dk/da/kultur-og-program/teater/2023/snedronningen?tab=scenografiogkostumer |work=Tivoli |access-date=15 December 2023 |archive-date=14 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214233107/https://www.tivoli.dk/da/kultur-og-program/teater/2023/snedronningen?tab=scenografiogkostumer |url-status=live }}

1991: A Folk Tale, Royal Danish Theatre
2005 & 2011: Thumbelina, Pantomimeteatret
2007, 2013 & 2018: The Tinderbox, Pantomimeteatret
2009: The Swineherd, Pantomimeteatret
2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 & 2022: The Nutcracker, Tivoli Concert Hall
2013: The Steadfast Tin Soldier, Pantomimeteatret
2016: Cinderella, Pantomimeteatret
2019, 2021 & 2023: The Snow Queen, Tivoli Concert Hall
2024: Blockhead Hans, Pantomimeteatret (upcoming){{cite news |title=Denmark's recently abdicated Queen Margrethe designs the costumes and set for a ballet |url=https://apnews.com/article/denmark-queen-margrethe-tivoli-ballet-f0a7fadd2a99f37cde7f5e0ae0c39f38 |work=Associated Press |access-date=11 March 2024}}

=Visual art=

Margrethe is an accomplished painter and has exhibited many of her works over the years.{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/visual-art/|work=kongehuset.dk|title=Visual art|access-date=2 January 2024|archive-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102145048/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-the-queen/hm-the-queen-s-artistic-work/visual-art/|url-status=live}} In 2000, she illustrated Prince Henrik's poetry collection Cantabile. Under the title From mountains to coast, she and her close friend, Queen Sonja of Norway, exhibited selected works inspired by nature at the Barony Rosendal in 2015.

Under the pseudonym Ingahild Grathmer (the latter being an anagram for Margrethe and the former made up of her secondary names Ingrid, Alexandrine and Þórhildur), her illustrations were used for Danish editions of The Lord of the Rings, which she was encouraged to illustrate in the early 1970s.{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/danish-queen-set-designer-on-a-new-netflix-film-ehrengard-1235005709/|title=The Danish Queen Will Be the Set Designer on a New Netflix Film|work=The Hollywood Reporter|first=Scott|last=Roxborough|date=31 August 2021|access-date=31 August 2021|archive-date=31 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831110528/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/danish-queen-set-designer-on-a-new-netflix-film-ehrengard-1235005709/|url-status=live}} She sent them to J. R. R. Tolkien, who was struck by the similarity of her drawings to his own style.{{cite web|title=One Queen to Rule Them All: Margrethe II of Denmark|url=https://nmwa.org/blog/artist-spotlight/one-queen-to-rule-them-all-margrethe-ii-of-denmark/|publisher=National Museum of Women in the Arts|access-date=1 January 2024|date=25 February 2013|archive-date=1 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101160114/https://nmwa.org/blog/artist-spotlight/one-queen-to-rule-them-all-margrethe-ii-of-denmark/|url-status=live}}

Honours

{{See also|List of honours of the Danish royal family by country}}

=National=

{{flag|Denmark}}:
20 April 1947: Knight of the Order of the Elephant (R.E.)
14 January 1972 – 14 January 2024: Sovereign of the Order of the Elephant
14 January 1972: Grand Commander of the Order of the Dannebrog (S.Kmd.)
14 January 1972 – 14 January 2024: Sovereign of the Order of the Dannebrog
Knight of the Decoration of the Cross of Honour of the Dannebrog (D.Ht.){{cite web|website=Kongehuset.dk|url=http://kongehuset.dk/den-kongelige-familie/regentparret/hm-dronningen%3Fqt-view__node_revision__panel_pane_4%3D1&usg=ALkJrhiawHe9kVNevR1HE9jKFJNEXCIW_Q#qt-view__node_revision__panel_pane_4|title= Dekorationer|access-date= 24 June 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200616142812/http://kongehuset.dk/den-kongelige-familie/regentparret/hm-dronningen?qt-view__node_revision__panel_pane_4=1|archive-date= 16 June 2020}}
Homeguard Medal of Merit
25 years of Homeguard Service Medal
Medal of Honour of the League of Civil Defence
Medal of Honour of the Reserve Officers League
100th Anniversary Medal of the Birth of King Christian X
50th Anniversary Medal of the arrival of Queen Ingrid to Denmark
100th Anniversary Medal of the Birth of King Frederik IX
Queen Ingrid Commemorative Medal
{{flag|Greenland}}:
Nersornaat Medal for Meritorious Service, 1st Class

=Foreign=

{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|

{{flag|Argentina}}: Grand Cross of the Order of the Liberator San Martín
{{flag|Austria}}: Grand Star of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria{{cite web| title=Bundeskanzler Anfragebeantwortung An die Präsidentin des Nationalrats| url=http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf| trans-title=Reply to a parliamentary question about the Decoration of Honour| language=de| website=Parlament.gv.at| page=168| access-date=1 November 2012| archive-date=7 August 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807055319/http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf| url-status=live}}
{{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold I
{{flag|Brazil}}: Grand Collar of the Order of the Southern Cross
{{flag|Bulgaria}}: Sash of the Order of the Stara Planina
{{flag|Chile}}: Grand Cross of the Order of the Merit of Chile
{{flag|Estonia}}: Collar of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana
{{flag|Egypt}}: Collar of the Order of the Nile
{{flag|Finland}}: Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the White Rose
{{flag|France}}: Grand Cross of the Order of the Legion of Honour
{{flag|Germany}}: Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Greece:
{{flagicon|Kingdom of Greece}} Greek Royal Family: Dame Grand Cross, Special Class of the Royal Order of Saints Olga and Sophia
{{flag|Greece}}: Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer
{{flag|Iceland}}: Collar with Grand Cross Breast Star of the Order of the Falcon{{cite web| title=Fálkaorðuhafar| trans-title=Holders of the Commander's Cross| url=http://falkadb.forseti.is/orduskra/fal03.php?term=Margrethe&sub=Leita| publisher=The President of Iceland| access-date=11 December 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220225908/http://falkadb.forseti.is/orduskra/fal03.php?term=Margrethe&sub=Leita| archive-date=20 December 2014| df=dmy-all}}
{{flagicon|Iran|1964}} Iranian Imperial Family: Member 2nd Class of the Order of the Pleiades
{{flag|Italy}}: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
{{flag|Japan}}:
Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum
Grand Cordon (Paulownia) of the Order of the Precious Crown
{{flag|Jordan}}: Collar of the Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali
{{flag|Latvia}}: Commander Grand Cross with Chain of the Order of the Three Stars
{{flag|Lithuania}}: Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great{{cite web|title=Apdovanojimai |trans-title=Awards Database |url=http://www.lrp.lt/lt/prezidento_veikla/apdovanojimai/apdovanojimai_256/p40.html |publisher=President of the Republic of Lithuania |access-date=11 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419212238/http://www.lrp.lt/lt/prezidento_veikla/apdovanojimai/apdovanojimai_256/p40.html |archive-date=19 April 2014}}
{{flag|Luxembourg}}: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau
{{flag|Mexico}}: Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle{{cite web|title=ACUERDO por el que se otorga a Su Majestad Margrethe II Reina de Dinamarca, la Condecoración de la Orden Mexicana del Aguila Azteca en el grado de Collar|trans-title=AGREEMENT that the Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle is awarded to Her Majesty Queen Margrethe II of Denmark|url=http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5029819&fecha=13/02/2008|date=13 February 2008|publisher=Secretariat of the Interior|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-date=29 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429184126/http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5029819&fecha=13/02/2008|url-status=live}}
{{flag|Morocco}}: Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite
{{flag|Netherlands}}: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
{{flag|Kingdom of Nepal}}: Member of the Nepal Decoration of Honour
{{flag|Norway}}:
Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of St. Olav
Recipient of the Silver Jubilee Medal of King Olav V
Recipient of the Silver Jubilee Medal of King Harald V{{cite web|title=Tildeling av Kong Harald Vs jubileumsmedalje 1991–2016|url=http://www.kongehuset.no/binfil/download2.php?tid=133159|website=Kongehuset|access-date=20 January 2016|language=no|archive-date=25 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125143313/http://www.kongehuset.no/binfil/download2.php?tid=133159|url-status=live}}
{{flag|Poland}}:
Knight of the Order of the White Eagle
Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland
{{flag|Portugal}}:
Grand Collar of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword
Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry
{{flag|Romania}}: Collar of the Order of the Star of Romania
{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}: Collar of the Order of Abdulaziz Al Saud
{{flag|Slovakia}}: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Double Cross
{{flag|Slovenia}}: Member 1st Class of the Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia
{{flag|Spain}}:
Lady of the Order of the Golden Fleece{{cite journal|title=REAL DECRETO 1948/1985. de 23 de octubre. por el Que se concede el Collar de la Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro a Su Majestad Margarita ll, Reina de Dinamarca|url=http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1985/10/24/pdfs/A33619-33619.pdf|journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado|date=24 October 1985|trans-title=Her Majesty Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark is awarded the Collar of the Illustrious Order of the Golden Fleece|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002701/http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1985/10/24/pdfs/A33619-33619.pdf|url-status=live}}
Dame of the Collar of the Order of Charles III{{cite journal|title=REAL DECRETO 738/1980, de 15 de marzo, por el que se concede el Collar de la Real y Muy Distinguida Orden de Carlos Ill a Su Majestad Margarita ll, Reina de Dinamarca|url=http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1980/04/24/pdfs/A08890-08890.pdf|journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado|date=24 April 1980|trans-title=Royal Decree 738/1980 of 15 March, granting the Collar of the Royal and Most Distinguished Order of Carlos III Margarita ll to Her Majesty, Queen of Denmark|access-date=11 December 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101805/http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1980/04/24/pdfs/A08890-08890.pdf|url-status=live}}
{{flag|Sweden}}:
Member of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
Recipient of the 85th Birthday Medal of King Gustaf VI Adolf
Recipient of the 40th Birthday Medal of King Carl XVI Gustaf
Recipient of King Carl XVI Gustaf's 70th Birthday Commemorative Sign
{{flag|South Africa}}: Grand Collar of the Order of Good Hope
{{flag|South Korea}}: Recipient of the Grand Order of Mugunghwa
{{flag|Thailand}}:
Dame of the Order of the Rajamitrabhorn
Dame of the Order of the Royal House of Chakri
{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}: Grand Cordon of the [http://medals.org.uk/abu-dhabi/abu-dhabi001.htm Order of Al Kamal]
{{flag|United Kingdom}}:
Stranger Lady Companion of the Order of the Garter (7th Lady since 1901; 1979)
Recipient of the Royal Victorian Chain (1974)
{{flag|Yugoslavia}}: Great Star of the Order of the Yugoslav Star

}}

=Awards=

2004: The Hans Christian Andersen Award Committee's Honorary Award{{Cite web |date=23 January 2004 |title=Dronningen får H.C.Andersen-pris |url=https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/indland/dronningen-faar-hcandersen-pris |access-date=12 March 2024 |website=DR |language=da-DK}}
2022: Foreningen Norden's Nordic Language Prize{{Cite web |url=https://foreningen-norden.dk/dronning-margrethe-tildeles-foreningen-nordens-sprogpris/ |title=Dronning Margrethe tildeles Foreningen NORDENs sprogpris |date=8 September 2022 |website=Foreningen Norden |language=da-DK |access-date=12 March 2024 }}
2024: Robert Award for Best Costume Design at the 41st Robert Awards{{Cite web |url=https://jyllands-posten.dk/kultur/film/ECE16816107/dronning-margrethe-modtager-robertpris/ |title=Dronning Margrethe modtager Robert-pris |date=3 February 2024 |website=Jyllands-Posten |language=da-DK |access-date=12 March 2024 }}
2024: {{ill|Forening for Boghaandværk|da|lt=Association for Book Crafts'}} Honorary Award{{cite web |url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/nyheder/h-m-dronning-margrethe-modtager-forening-for-boghaandvaerks-%C3%A6respris-1 |title=H.M. Dronning Margrethe modtager Forening for Boghaandværks Ærespris |language=da |website=Kongehuset |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |trans-title=HM Queen Margrethe receives the Association for Book Crafts' Honorary Award}}

=Honorific eponyms=

==Awards==

{{flag|Denmark}}: {{ill|Dronning Margrethe II's Videnskabspris|da|lt=Queen Margrethe II's Science Award}} (2015)

==Geographic locations==

{{flag|Denmark}}: {{ill|Dronningens Boulevard|da|lt=The Queen's Boulevard}} (1979)
{{flag|Greenland}}: Queen Margrethe II Land in Northeast Greenland was named in her honour on 16 April 1990 on the occasion of her 50th birthday{{cite book |chapter=Catalogue of place names in northern East Greenland |title=Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland |last=Higgins |first=Anthony K. |year=2010 |publisher=Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland |chapter-url=http://www.eng.geus.dk/media/12136/nr21_p001-368.pdf |access-date=22 August 2019 |page=158 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518130601/http://www.eng.geus.dk/media/12136/nr21_p001-368.pdf |url-status=live }}

==Objects==

{{flag|Denmark}}: {{ill|Margretheskålen|da|lt=The Margrethe Bowl}} designed by her uncle, Sigvard Bernadotte, for {{ill|Rosti|da|lt=Rosti}} in 1947

==Structures==

{{flag|Denmark}}: {{ill|Margrethekirken (Københavns Kommune)|da|lt=Margrethe's Church}} in Valby (1968)

=Honorary military appointments=

{{flagicon|UK}} 1972–1992: Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's Regiment{{cite web|url=https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/connection-with-the-princess-of-wales-royal-regiment|title=Connection with The Princess of Wales Royal Regiment|work=The Danish Royal House|date=22 April 2023|access-date=30 June 2023|archive-date=1 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701032854/https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/news/connection-with-the-princess-of-wales-royal-regiment|url-status=live}}
{{flagicon|UK}} 1992–1997: Allied Colonel-in-Chief (with Diana, Princess of Wales) of the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment
{{flagicon|UK}} 1997–2024: Colonel-in-Chief of the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel

|collapsed=yes |align=center

| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;

| boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9;

| boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc;

| boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc;

| 1 = 1. Margrethe II of Denmark

| 2 = 2. Frederik IX, King of Denmark

| 3 = 3. Princess Ingrid of Sweden

| 4 = 4. Christian X, King of Denmark

| 5 = 5. Duchess Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

| 6 = 6. Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden

| 7 = 7. Princess Margaret of Connaught

| 8 = 8. Frederik VIII, King of Denmark

| 9 = 9. Princess Louise of Sweden

| 10 = 10. Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

| 11 = 11. Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia

| 12 = 12. Gustaf V, King of Sweden

| 13 = 13. Princess Victoria of Baden

| 14 = 14. Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn

| 15 = 15. Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia

}}

References

Bibliography

{{cite book|last=Andersen |first=Jens|editor1-last=Nørholm|editor1-first=Elise H.|year=2011|title=M, 40 år på tronen|edition=1st|language=da |location=Copenhagen|publisher=Lindhardt og Ringhof|isbn=978-87-11-41969-4}}
{{Cite book|last=Bloch Skipper|first=Jon|year=2008|title=Tre søstre: samtaler mellem dronning Margrethe, prinsesse Benedikte og dronning Anne-Marie|trans-title=Three sisters: conversations between Queen Margrethe, Princess Benedikte and Queen Anne-Marie|publisher=Lindhardt og Ringhof|location=Copenhagen|isbn=978-87-11-30060-2|language=da}}
{{cite book|last=Bramsen|first=Bo|year=1992|title=Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt.|trans-title=The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants|edition=2nd|publisher=Forlaget Forum|location=Copenhagen|isbn=87-553-1843-6|language=da}}
{{cite book|last=Dehn-Nielsen|first=Henning|year=2005|title=Margrethe 2., Danmarks dronning|edition=3rd|language=da|location=Copenhagen |publisher=Aschehoug|isbn=87-11-22283-2}}
{{cite book|last=Fabricius Møller |first=Jes |year=2013 |title=Dynastiet Glücksborg, en Danmarkshistorie |trans-title=The Glücksborg Dynasty, a history of Denmark |language=da |publisher=Gad |location=Copenhagen |isbn=978-87-12-04841-1 }}
{{Cite book|last1=Lerche|first1=Anna|last2=Mandal|first2=Marcus|year=2003|title=A royal family: the story of Christian IX and his European descendants|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Aschehoug|isbn=978-87-15-10957-7}}
{{cite book|last=Lyding|first=Henrik|date=2009 |title=Dronningens teater|language=da|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Gyldendal |isbn=978-87-02-07878-7}}
{{cite book|last=Margrethe II |editor1-last=Andersen|editor1-first=Jens|year=2012|title=Om man så må sige, 350 Dronning Margrethe-citater |language=da|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Lindhardt og Ringhof|isbn=978-87-11-39416-8}}
{{cite book|last=Rubinstein|first=Mogens|date=1996|title=Dronning Margrethe II, 25 år som regent|language=da|location=Copenhagen |publisher=Møntergården|isbn=87-7553-552-1}}
{{cite book|last=Scocozza|first=Benito|chapter=Margrethe 2.|title=Politikens bog om danske monarker|trans-title=Politiken's book about Danish monarchs|year=1997|publisher=Politikens Forlag|location=Copenhagen|isbn=87-567-5772-7|pages=204–209|language=da}}
{{cite book|last=Skipper|first=Jon Bloch|date=2008|title=Tre søstre, samtaler mellem dronning Margrethe, prinsesse Benedikte og dronning Anne-Marie |language=da|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Lindhardt og Ringhof|isbn=978-87-11-30060-2}}

External links

[https://www.kongehuset.dk/en/the-royal-family/hm-queen-margrethe/ Queen Margrethe's Homepage]
[http://arslonga.dk/DRONNINGENS_GOBELINER_Vikingetid.htm Tapestries for HM The Queen of Denmark]
{{C-SPAN|17136}}