bZIP domain

{{Pfam_box

| Symbol = bZIP_1

| Name = bZIP transcription factor

| image =CREB.png

| width =220

| caption =CREB (top) is a transcription factor capable of binding DNA via the bZIP domain (bottom) and regulating gene expression.

| Pfam= PF00170

| InterPro= IPR011616

| SMART=

| PROSITE=PDOC00036

| SCOP = 1ysa

| TCDB =

| OPM family=

| OPM protein=

| CDD = cd14686

| PDB=

| Membranome superfamily = 235

}}

The Basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP domain) is found in many DNA binding eukaryotic proteins. One part of the domain contains a region that mediates sequence specific DNA binding properties and the leucine zipper that is required to hold together (dimerize) two DNA binding regions. The DNA binding region comprises a number of basic amino acids such as arginine and lysine. Proteins containing this domain are transcription factors.{{cite journal | author = Ellenberger T | title = Getting a grip in DNA recognition: structures of the basic region leucine zipper, and the basic region helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domains. | journal = Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 12–21 | year = 1994| doi = 10.1016/S0959-440X(94)90054-X}}{{cite journal | author = Hurst HC | title = Transcription factors 1: bZIP proteins | journal = Protein Profile | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 101–68 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7780801 }}

bZIP transcription factors

bZIP transcription factors are found in all eukaryotes and form one of the largest families of dimerizing TFs.{{Cite journal|last1=Amoutzias|first1=Grigoris D.|last2=Robertson|first2=David L.|last3=Van de Peer|first3=Yves|last4=Oliver|first4=Stephen G.|date=2008-05-01|title=Choose your partners: dimerization in eukaryotic transcription factors|journal=Trends in Biochemical Sciences|volume=33|issue=5|pages=220–229|doi=10.1016/j.tibs.2008.02.002|issn=0968-0004|pmid=18406148}} An evolutionary study from 2008 revealed that 4 bZIP genes were encoded by the genome of the most recent common ancestor of all plants.{{cite journal |vauthors=Corrêa LG, Riaño-Pachón DM, Schrago CG, dos Santos RV, Mueller-Roeber B, Vincentz M |title=The Role of bZIP Transcription Factors in Green Plant Evolution: Adaptive Features Emerging from Four Founder Genes |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=3 |issue=8 |pages=e2944 |year=2008 |pmid=18698409 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0002944 |pmc=2492810 |bibcode=2008PLoSO...3.2944C |editor1-last=Shiu |editor1-first=Shin-Han|doi-access=free }} Interactions between bZIP transcription factors are numerous and complex {{Cite journal|last1=Vinson|first1=Charles|last2=Acharya|first2=Asha|last3=Taparowsky|first3=Elizabeth J.|date=2006-01-01|title=Deciphering B-ZIP transcription factor interactions in vitro and in vivo|journal=Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression|volume=1759|issue=1–2|pages=4–12|doi=10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.12.005|issn=0006-3002|pmid=16580748|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1258776}}{{Cite journal|last1=Newman|first1=John R. S.|last2=Keating|first2=Amy E.|date=2003-06-27|title=Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays|journal=Science|volume=300|issue=5628|pages=2097–2101|doi=10.1126/science.1084648|issn=1095-9203|pmid=12805554|bibcode=2003Sci...300.2097N|s2cid=36715183|doi-access=free}} and play important roles in cancer development{{cite journal |vauthors=Vlahopoulos SA, Logotheti S, Mikas D, Giarika A, Gorgoulis V, Zoumpourlis V | title = The role of ATF-2 in oncogenesis | journal = BioEssays | volume = 30 | issue = 4 | pages = 314–27 |date=April 2008 | pmid = 18348191 | doi = 10.1002/bies.20734 | s2cid = 678541 }} in epithelial tissues, steroid hormone synthesis by cells of endocrine tissues,{{cite journal |vauthors=Manna PR, Dyson MT, Eubank DW, Clark BJ, Lalli E, Sassone-Corsi P, Zeleznik AJ, Stocco DM | title = Regulation of steroidogenesis and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein by a member of the cAMP response-element binding protein family | journal = Mol. Endocrinol. | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 184–99 |date=January 2002 | pmid = 11773448 | doi = 10.1210/mend.16.1.0759| doi-access = free }} factors affecting reproductive functions,{{cite journal |vauthors=Hoare S, Copland JA, Wood TG, Jeng YJ, Izban MG, Soloff MS | title = Identification of a GABP alpha/beta binding site involved in the induction of oxytocin receptor gene expression in human breast cells, potentiation by c-Fos/c-Jun | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 140 | issue = 5 | pages = 2268–79 |date=May 1999 | pmid = 10218980 | doi = 10.1210/endo.140.5.6710| doi-access = free }} and several other phenomena that affect human health.

bZIP domain containing proteins

AP-1 fos/jun heterodimer that forms a transcription factor
Jun-B transcription factor
CREB cAMP response element transcription factor
OPAQUE2 (O2) transcription factor of the 22-kD zein gene that encodes a class of storage proteins in the endosperm of maize (Zea mays) kernels
NFE2L2 or Nrf2
Bzip Maf transcription factors

Human proteins containing this domain

ATF1; ATF2; ATF4; ATF5; ATF6; ATF7; BACH1; BACH2;

BATF; BATF2; CEBPA; CEBPB; CEBPD; CEBPE; CEBPG; CEBPZ; CREB1; CREB3; CREB3L1; CREB3L2; CREB3L3; CREB3L4;

CREB5; CREBL1; CREM; E4BP4; FOSL1; FOSL2; JUN; JUNB; JUND; MAFA; MAFB; MAFF; MAFG; NRL; C-MAF; MAFK;

NFE2; NFE2L2; NFE2L3; SNFT; XBP1

References

External links

[http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de/smart/do_annotation.pl?DOMAIN=BRLZ bZIP domain entry] in the SMART database
[http://planttfdb.cbi.pku.edu.cn/family.php?fam=bZIP bZIP family] at [http://planttfdb.cbi.pku.edu.cn PlantTFDB: Plant Transcription Factor Database]
[http://plntfdb.bio.uni-potsdam.de/fam_mem.php?family_id=bZIP Plant bZIP transcription factors] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320094706/http://plntfdb.bio.uni-potsdam.de/fam_mem.php?family_id=bZIP |date=2012-03-20 }}

Category:Protein domains

Category:DNA-binding proteins