:TVRI

{{See also|Television in Indonesia#History}}

File:Stamp of Indonesia - 2012 - Colnect 668319 - 50 years of Television in Indonesia.jpeg]]

The initial idea to establish a television station in Indonesia was put forward by then Minister of Information Maladi as far as 1952. The argument at the time is that it would be useful for the socialization of the upcoming 1955 general election, but the idea was deemed as too expensive by the cabinet.{{Citation|title=Armando|date=2003|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t004082|work=Oxford Art Online|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t004082|access-date=2020-06-04}}

The plan to organize the first television broadcast finally began to materialize when in 1961, the Indonesian Government decided to include the television mass media project in the IV Asian Games development project under the IV Asian Games Project Affairs Command (KUPAG).{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvri.co.id/profile.php|title=TVRI - Makin Dekat di Hati|date=24 June 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030624222610/http://www.tvri.co.id/profile.php |archive-date=24 June 2003 }} On July 25, 1961, the Minister of Information issued Decree of the Minister of Information of the Republic of Indonesia (SK Menpen) No. 20/SK/M/1961 concerning the formation of the Television Preparatory Committee (P2TV). This institution is chaired by RM Soetarto, head of the State Film Directorate. Apart from Soetarto, there were also his representatives, namely RM Soenarjo and 7 committee members, and they worked together with the Ministry of Information to prepare television broadcasts in Indonesia.{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rtIjAAAAMAAJ&dq=pembangunan+mental%2C+khususnya+masyarakat+sosialis+Indonesia+TVRI&pg=PA94 |title=Sejarah Departemen Penerangan RI. |date=2 December 1986 |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820022255/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=rtIjAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA94&dq=pembangunan+mental,+khususnya+masyarakat+sosialis+Indonesia+TVRI&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjnlNniqNT5AhWqx3MBHTAKC88Q6AF6BAgCEAI#v=onepage&q=pembangunan%20mental%2C%20khususnya%20masyarakat%20sosialis%20Indonesia%20TVRI&f=false |url-status=live }} To learn more about television, the President then sent Soetarto to New York and Atlanta, United States.{{Cite web |url=https://tirto.id/alat-kekuasaan-bernama-tvri-cUvu |title=Alat Kekuasaan Bernama TVRI |date=24 August 2018 |access-date=2021-11-06 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106054609/https://tirto.id/alat-kekuasaan-bernama-tvri-cUvu |url-status=live }}Ishadi S.K. 2014. Media dan Kekuasaan - Televisi di Hari-hari Terakhir Presiden Soeharto. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas., pages 30-33.

On 23 October 1961 at 09.30, President Sukarno who was in Vienna, Austria sent a telex to Maladi to immediately prepare a television project with the following targets:

1. Building a studio at the former AKPEN (Information Academy) in Senayan, which is now the location of the LPP TVRI head office. This location was chosen because it was close to the Bung Karno Sports Arena, so it was more practical for broadcasting the Asian Games event. Before occupying this location, other locations that had been studied as TVRI studios included the PFN Jatinegara Building, the Topography Bureau Building, the RRI transmitter in Kebayoran, and several other places.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=docLAQAAMAAJ&dq=Tvri+perjan&pg=PA799 |title=Seabad pers kebangsaan, 1907-2007 |date=2 December 2023 |isbn=9789791436021 |access-date=2021-11-02 |archive-date=2023-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712113815/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=docLAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA799&dq=Tvri+perjan&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjP86XMjfrzAhV07HMBHYA5D1kQ6AF6BAgLEAI#v=onepage&q=Tvri%20perjan&f=false |url-status=live }}
2. Built two transmitters: 100W and 10 kW with a tower 80 meters high. Built in the TVRI Senayan complex, initially this tower was planned to be above the Hotel Indonesia or the former Perfini Building. The second transmitter was completed on 22 August 1962 and was ready for operation a few hours before the start of the IV Asian Games.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IGWDwAAQBAJ&dq=24+agustus+1962&pg=PA29 |title=Dasar-dasar Penyiaran: Sejarah, Organisasi, Operasional, dan Regulasi: Edisi 2 |isbn=9786024223557 |access-date=2021-11-06 |archive-date=2023-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713010509/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=_IGWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA29&dq=24+agustus+1962&hl=id&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiTuqLypYT0AhWVH7cAHQFiBfA4ChDoAXoECAkQAw#v=onepage&q=24%20agustus%201962&f=false |url-status=live |last1=Djamal |first1=Hidajanto |last2=Fachruddin |first2=Andi |date=2 January 2017 |publisher=Prenada Media }}
3. Preparing the equipment (programs and personnel). Specifically, the equipment supply comes from NEC (Japan), after going through selection from other providers, such as Siemens (West Germany), RCA (United States), and Marconi (England). Apart from NEC, another Japanese company involved in the preparation of TVRI was NHK, which trained prospective employees and provided technical assistance for the broadcast.{{Cite web |url=https://www.remotivi.or.id/kupas/62/politik-budaya-di-televisi |title=Politik Budaya di Televisi |access-date=2021-11-06 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106052546/https://www.remotivi.or.id/kupas/62/politik-budaya-di-televisi |url-status=live }} This training was carried out for TVRI employees who generally had no experience in television at that time, because they came from RRI, PFN, as well as ITB students.{{Cite web |url=https://www.perwara.com/2018/tvri-dan-asian-games/ |title=TVRI dan Asian Games |access-date=2021-11-06 |archive-date=2021-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106054611/https://www.perwara.com/2018/tvri-dan-asian-games/ |url-status=live }}

On August 17, 1962, TVRI began conducting trial broadcasts of the 17th Indonesian Independence Day event from the grounds of the Merdeka Palace, Jakarta, in black and white format and supported by a backup transmitter with a power of 100W. The TVRI broadcast complex was completed in less than a year and was inaugurated on 23 August 1962 by the chairman of P2TV.

TVRI was formed based on the Decree of the Minister of Information of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20/SK/VII/61, then it became part of the Bureau of Radio and Television under the Asian Games IV Organizing Committee for the IV Asian Games that year. TVRI broadcast its first test transmission on the Independence Day celebrations from the Merdeka Palace on 17 August 1962. TVRI went on air, airing the 1962 Asian Games opening ceremony on 24 August. Throughout the Games TVRI aired every event of the meet especially those involving Indonesian athletes; live broadcasts were held from the morning to evening and delayed broadcasts were held from 20:45 until 23:00 WIB when it signed off for the night.{{Cite web |url=https://elib.unikom.ac.id/files/disk1/702/jbptunikompp-gdl-riorahadia-35063-1-unikom_r-i.pdf |title=Babi - Pendahuluan | language=ms | trans-title=Pig - Introduction |access-date=2020-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824100748/https://elib.unikom.ac.id/files/disk1/702/jbptunikompp-gdl-riorahadia-35063-1-unikom_r-i.pdf |archive-date=2019-08-24 |url-status=live }} With TVRI's presence, Indonesia became the sixth country in eastern Asia to introduce television, behind Japan, the Philippines, Thailand, China and South Korea.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} During the Asian Games, Matsushita awarded a contract from the Indonesian Ministry of People's Industry for the installation of television sets, worth $3 million.{{cite web |date=1 June 1963 |title=8 TV SETS IN 60 SECONDS |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19630601-1.2.158.4 |access-date=10 August 2023 |website=The Straits Times (retrieved from NLB)}}

TVRI began broadcasting advertisements starting March 1963. Later on 20 October, the Yayasan TVRI (TVRI Foundation) was formally created as the official governing authority for the station with President of Indonesia as chairman. The foundation experienced several changes and lasted until late 1990s.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

Two years later, the first regional TVRI station opened in Yogyakarta. Later, many regional TVRI stations were opened, including stations and studios in Bandung, Semarang, Medan, Surabaya, Makassar, Manado, Batam, Palembang, Denpasar and Balikpapan. In the succeeding years, TVRI aired as a network carrying programming from Jakarta supplemented by opt-out broadcasts from the regional stations.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}

In 1974, eight years after President Suharto took office, TVRI became a part of the Department of Information, with the status as a directorate. Its role was to inform the public about government policies. A year after, a decree instituted TVRI a dual status, as a part of the TVRI Foundation and a part of the directorate. In 1976, it began to be broadcast all over Indonesia via Palapa satellite.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}

The first colour television signal was transmitted via satellite transmission in 1979. The first colour news bulletins were Berita Nasional (National News), Dunia Dalam Berita (The World in News), breaking events segments on Laporan Khusus (Special Report) and Berita Terakhir (Latest News).

TVRI in the late 1970s and 1980s became a well-defined mass media component of the Department of Information, in early years it generating income from advertising slots. After enjoying income from advertisements for years, President Suharto in his speech abolished the advertisement on TVRI in 1981 in order to "better directing television to help the development programs and avoid negative effects that do not support the spirit of development". This policy would later be revoked after the reform era. In 1982 TVRI Tower was officially opened to broadcast a wider signal.

During the era, the government-backed TVRI progressively established television production studios and television stations in many provinces across the country. As of 1998, all provinces in Indonesia had their own TVRI regional station or production studio; including East Timor.

It was decided in February 1981 that television commercials were to be banned by April, with TVRI scheduled to lost 20 billion rupiahs ($64 million) a year. With the ban, TVRI eyed the creation of programming for rural audiences.{{cite web |date=7 February 1981 |title=Advertising ban will cost Indonesian TV station $64 m a year |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/newnation19810207-1.2.33 |access-date=31 August 2023 |website=The New Nation (retrieved from NLB)}}

In the 1980s the decision was made to split TVRI into two channels - Channels 6 and 8 - the latter as a test service for Jakarta and West Java viewers as well as in other areas wherein network-produced programs and foreign imports would be shared between the two channels.

On the Channel 8 basis TVRI launched its second channel TVRI Programa Dua (TVRI Programme Two) in 1989{{cite book |last1=Kitley |first1=Philip |title=Television, Nation and Culture in Indonesia |date=2000 |publisher=Ohio University Center for International Studies |location=Athens |page=349 |isbn=9780896804173 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvRHBAAAQBAJ&q=programa+dua+1989&pg=PA349 |access-date=16 November 2020}} to attract the Jakartan urban audience, with a single English-language news program Six Thirty Report for half an hour that began at 18:30 WIB; later Programa Dua became a local channel under the name TVRI Jakarta. However, in the same year TVRI lost its monopoly when the government's sixth Five Year Plan allowed private television networks, channels, and stations to begin broadcasting, the first commercial television network being RCTI.

A fire broke out at TVRI's facilities in Jakarta on the early hours of 31 December 1985, accumulating US$2 million in losses. The blaze did not affect the playout, which was being held at a new studio in an adjacent facility. Suharto demanded an investigation about the causes.{{cite web |date=31 December 1985 |title=Fire hits TV station in Jakarta |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19851231-1.2.3 |access-date=20 July 2024 |website=The Straits Times (retrieved from NLB)}}

In 1994, TVRI launched its teletext service TVRI-Text, in partnership with PT Pilar Kumalajaya, about four months after RCTI launched the first teletext in the country.Kompas, 5 June 1994, taken from {{cite web |last1=MrRyanBandung |title=Teletext, Kiat Baru Menjual TV Tahun 1994 |url=https://forum.detik.com/showpost.php?s=c8924a327a4662d87696c1c074f9b274&p=18732347&postcount=363 |access-date=16 November 2020}}

After the start of the reform era, especially in 2000, TVRI's status was changed. Under a service corporation (Perusahaan Jawatan or Perjan) form, it became responsible firstly to the Ministry of Finance and was then turned into a limited company under the authority of the State Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises for organizational matters and Ministry of Finance for financial matters. Under this arrangement, TVRI broadcasts in accordance with the principles of public television such as independent, neutral and public interest-oriented. Later in 2002, the status of TVRI changed again to a limited company (Perseroan Terbatas or PT), still under the two ministries.

The enactment of the Act No. 32/2002 on Broadcasting designated TVRI, along with RRI, as the public broadcasting institution (Lembaga penyiaran publik or LPP) and were removed from any direct governmental control. TVRI was given a transition period of 3 years from PT to public broadcasting form. The status then reaffirmed by Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) No. 13/2005. TVRI officially became LPP on 18 March 2005.

File:TVRITower.jpg

Following the government plan to introduce digital television in Indonesia, TVRI launched its digital broadcasting on 21 December 2010. Initially launched in Jakarta, Surabaya and Batam, TVRI also launched two digital terrestrial channels, which were the first of its kind in Indonesia: TVRI 3 (currently TVRI World) and TVRI 4 (currently TVRI Sport). The launch was attended by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Minister of Communications and Information Technology Tifatul Sembiring.{{Cite web|title=Siaran Pers No. 140/PIH/KOMINFO/12/2010Peresmian Pemancar Televisi Digital TVRI oleh Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono|url=https://www.postel.go.id/berita-siaran-pers-no-140-pih-kominfo-12-2010-26-1216|access-date=2020-06-04|website=www.postel.go.id|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604235328/https://www.postel.go.id/berita-siaran-pers-no-140-pih-kominfo-12-2010-26-1216|archive-date=2020-06-04|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|publisher=Kompas Cyber Media|location=Jakarta|title=TVRI Sediakan Empat Kanal Program Halaman all|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/12/22/04345676/tvri.sediakan.empat.kanal.program|access-date=2020-06-04|website=KOMPAS.com|date=21 December 2010 |language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605012601/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/12/22/04345676/tvri.sediakan.empat.kanal.program|archive-date=2020-06-05|url-status=live}}

In 2017, the TVRI board of supervisors installed a well-known television figure, Helmy Yahya as the chief director and Apni Jaya Putra (former programming director at Kompas TV and employer of SCTV, RCTI and SUN TV) as the news and programming director. During the leadership of Helmy Yahya and Apni Jaya Putra, TVRI began to remodel its programming on a large scale.

On 29 March 2019, at the concert special Menggapai Dunia (Reaching the World), TVRI adopted its new logo as a part of the rebranding efforts. The new logo was actually decided to be released in the fourth quarter of 2018, but for several reasons, it was postponed to the end of March 2019. At the same time, all TVRI regional stations have changed their logo in front of their respective studios.

In August 2019, TVRI together with two national private networks (Metro TV and Trans7) and Ministry of Communication and Information Technology officially launched digital television broadcasts for border regions in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan. With the launch, the government hoped that people in all regions of Indonesia can watch television with high quality.{{Cite web|url=https://www.baktikominfo.id/id/informasi/artikel-media/kemkominfo_resmikan_penyiaran_tv_digital_untuk_perbatasan-927|title=Kemenkominfo|date=2019-09-02|access-date=2019-09-07}}

A proposed new Broadcasting Act currently in the making, replacing Act No. 32/2002, would merge TVRI with RRI into RTRI (Radio Televisi Republik Indonesia, Radio [and] Television of the Republic of Indonesia).{{cite web |last1=Saragih |first1=Bagus BT |year=2015 |title=RRI, TVRI: The forgotten agents of change |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/03/05/rri-tvri-the-forgotten-agents-change.html |website=The Jakarta Post |access-date=5 October 2020}}

TVRI is designated as public broadcasting institution per Act No. 32 of 2002 on Broadcasting, which defined as a "legal entity established by the state, independent, neutral, not commercial, and has the function to provide services for the public benefit". Its duty, according to Government Regulation No. 13 of 2005, is "to provide the healthy information, education and entertainment services, (maintain) social control and unity, and preserve the nation's culture for the whole public benefit by organizing television broadcast that reaches all parts of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia".

TVRI organization structure consists of five Board of Supervisors (Dewan Pengawas) appointed by the People's Representative Council (DPR) and six Board of Directors (Dewan Direksi) appointed by the Board of Supervisors. Both are sworn in by the President, serve for five years and renewable once. It also has an Internal Supervisory Unit (Satuan Pengawasan Intern), which reports internal finance and operational supervision to the Board of Directors.

According to article 15 of the Broadcasting Act, TVRI is funded by several sources such as broadcasting fees, annual state budget (drafted by the government and approved by the DPR), community contribution, and advertisement, as well as other legal efforts related to its broadcasting operation. In fact, as of today the broadcasting fee is yet to be implemented, and for "other legal efforts" TVRI is asked to generate "non-tax state revenue" by various funding sources besides annual state budget; such as website ads, training service, professional certification, assets rent, program production, multiplexing service, and programming royalty.{{cite web |title=Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2020 tentang Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak yang Berlaku pada Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Televisi Republik Indonesia |url=https://peraturan.go.id/common/dokumen/ln/2020/pp66-2020bt.pdf |access-date=3 November 2021 |archive-date=3 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303153557/https://peraturan.go.id/common/dokumen/ln/2020/pp66-2020bt.pdf |url-status=dead }} Previously, "television fee" has existed to supplement TVRI funding besides the government budget until the 1990s, but later abolished.

As of 2018 TVRI has approximately 4,300 employees, with an estimated 1,800 of whom being based in Jakarta. 90% of its employees are civil servants under Ministry of Communication and Information Technology,{{cite web |last1=Widhana |first1=Dieqy Hasbi |title=Senjakala TVRI: Dijauhi Anak Muda, Digerakkan PNS Berusia Tua |url=https://tirto.id/senjakala-tvri-dijauhi-anak-muda-digerakkan-pns-berusia-tua-cGUp |website=Tirto.id |date=2 April 2018 |access-date=6 November 2020}} though the network is not under the ministry.

TVRI currently operates three national channels and a dedicated regional channel:

• TVRI: The main channel of TVRI, it broadcasts information and educational content, as well as entertainment for 24 hours a day.
• TVRI World: The channel broadcasts TVRI programming in English that is targeted for an international audience, previously known as TVRI Kanal 3.{{cite web |last1=Octavian |first1=Rizki |year=2019 |title=Raker Siaran Digital TVRI World 2020 |url=http://tvri.go.id/newsdtl/Raker-Siaran-Digital-TVRI-World-2020/267 |website=Televisi Republik Indonesia |access-date=24 March 2021}}
• TVRI Sport: The channel broadcasts sports programming as well as simulcasting live sports events from the TVRI main channel in high definition.

{{Multiple image

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| width = 200

| image1 = TVRI Kalimantan Timur.jpg

| caption1 = TVRI East Kalimantan Station building and transmitter in Samarinda, East Kalimantan.

| image2 = TVRI Stasiun Sulawesi Selatan (2019).jpg

| caption2 = TVRI South Sulawesi Station building in Makassar, South Sulawesi.

| image3 = Stasiun transmisi TVRI Baturaja.JPG

| caption3 = TVRI South Sumatra transmission station in Ogan Komering Ulu, South Sumatra.

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TVRI has 35 regional stations covering all provinces of Indonesia, shown below in their native names and broadcast area:

Notes:
{{notelist

| notes =

{{efn|name=tvririauislands|TVRI Riau Islands broadcasts through a mini studio in Tanjungpinang City.{{when|date=November 2023}}}}

{{efn|name=tvririauislandsatpku|TVRI Riau Islands also covers the Riau-1 digital television service area (covering Pekanbaru City and Kampar Regency).}}

{{efn|name=tvrijakartaatbogorbekasi|TVRI Jakarta also covers the Jabodetabek digital television service area in West Java (covering Bogor, Bekasi and surrounding areas).}}

{{efn|name=notyetavailable|Reaches the province, because there is no TVRI station in the province.}}

{{efn|name=tvrijakartaattangerang|TVRI Jakarta also covers the Jabodetabek digital television service area in Tangerang and its surroundings.}}

{{efn|name=tvriwestjavaatbogorbekasi|TVRI West Java also covers the Jabodetabek digital television service area, including several areas in Jakarta.}}

{{efn|name=tvricentraljavaatyogyakarta|TVRI Central Java also covers the Yogyakarta and Surakarta digital television service areas, which also covers the entire Yogyakarta Special Region area.}}

{{efn|name=tvriyogyakartaatsurakarta|TVRI Yogyakarta also covers the digital television service area of Yogyakarta and Surakarta, which also includes the Greater Solo area.}}

{{efn|name=tvrinorthkalimantan|TVRI North Kalimantan is temporarily broadcast through the North Kalimantan Governor's Office in Tanjung Selor, Bulungan Regency.}}

{{efn|name=tvrinorthmaluku|TVRI North Maluku is temporarily broadcasting through a mini studio at the North Maluku Governor's Office Complex, Sofifi City.}}

}}

A former regional station for East Timor, TVRI Dili, ceased operation in 1999. East Timor national broadcaster RTTL currently takes its place.

TVRI currently maintain two online services. TVRI Klik, launched in 2018, is the primarily online streaming service for all TVRI channels, as well as its regional stations.{{cite web |last1=Delina |first1=Lia |year=2018 |title=TVRI Klik |url=http://tvri.go.id/newsdtl/TVRI-Klik/50 |website=Televisi Republik Indonesia |access-date=24 March 2021}}{{cite web |last1=Pratnyawan |first1=Agung |year=2020 |title=Gunakan Aplikasi TVRI Klik, Lebih Mudah Belajar dari Rumah |url=https://www.hitekno.com/gadget/2020/04/14/151500/gunakan-aplikasi-tvri-klik-lebih-mudah-belajar-dari-rumah |website=HiTekno |access-date=24 March 2021}} TVRI VoD is the network's video-on-demand service. Both services could be accessed from their dedicated Android and iOS apps as well as their website.

Besides TVRI Klik, the channels and regional stations streaming service can also be found on the network's official website, YouTube, and other social media where available.

TVRI has its own news portal on TVRINews.com. The portal, which is active as far as 2014,{{cite web |year=2014 |title=Beranda |url=http://tvrinews.com/ |website=TVRINews.com (Internet Archives) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109164127/http://tvrinews.com/ |access-date=24 March 2021|archive-date=9 November 2014 }} has undergone several changes since.

TVRI has an educational center called Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan TVRI (Pusdiklat TVRI, TVRI Educational and Training Center){{cite web |title=TVRI - PUSDIKLAT |url=http://pusdiklat.tvri.go.id/ |access-date=15 May 2021}} which provides television skill training.

TVRI also manages Studio Alam TVRI (literally "TVRI Natural Studio"), an outdoor studio in Sukmajaya, Depok, West Java. It is a green open space which is used for the production of several TVRI shows, and is also used as a recreational area for tourists. The studio complex was opened in 1987 as part of TVRI's Silver Jubilee.

{{main|Public broadcasting in Indonesia#Criticism}}

In 2008, former TVRI President Director, Sumita Tobing was arrested due to alleged corruption in the procurement of 50 cameras worth 5.2 billion rupiah.{{Cite web|last=Sihombing|first=Erwin C.|title=Kejagung Tangkap Mantan Dirut TVRI Sumita Tobing|url=https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/171144/kejagung-tangkap-mantan-dirut-tvri-sumita-tobing|access-date=2021-10-15|website=BeritaSatu.com|location=Jakarta|date=13 March 2014 |language=id}} She was found guilty in 2012, and imprisoned for 1 year and 6 months in 2014.{{cite web|url= https://nasional.tempo.co/read/561928/mantan-dirut-tvri-sumita-tobing-dipenjara|title=Mantan Dirut TVRI Sumita Tobing Dipenjara|website=Tempo.co|date=13 March 2014|access-date=15 October 2021}}

In 2013, TVRI Director of Finance Eddy Machmudi Effendi was sentenced to 8 years 6 months in prison due to a scandal involving Director of News and Programming Irwan Hendarmin and Indonesian senior comedian Mandra, regarding purchasing of programs.{{cite web |last1=Widhana |first1=Dieqy Hasbi |year=2015 |title=Dari Korupsi ke Korupsi, Itulah TVRI |url=https://tirto.id/dari-korupsi-ke-korupsi-itulah-tvri-cG13 |website=Tirto.id |access-date=6 November 2020}}{{cite web |last1=Hatta |first1=Raden Trimutia |year=2015 |title=Mandragate, Fenomena Gunung Es Korupsi di TVRI |url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2174779/mandragate-fenomena-gunung-es-korupsi-di-tvri |website=Liputan6.com |access-date=6 November 2020}}

On 6 June 2013, TVRI aired a delayed broadcast of the Muktamar Khilafah (Caliphate Conference) organized by Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) in Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Jakarta.{{Cite web|url=http://news.liputan6.com/read/602378/ribuan-peserta-muktamar-hizbut-tahrir-berdatangan-senayan-macet|title=Ribuan Peserta Muktamar Hizbut Tahrir Berdatangan, Senayan Macet|website=Liputan6.com|date=2 June 2013 |language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830150140/http://news.liputan6.com/read/602378/ribuan-peserta-muktamar-hizbut-tahrir-berdatangan-senayan-macet|archive-date=2017-08-30|url-status=live}} The Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI) Commissioner, Idy Muzayyad assessed that TVRI as a public broadcasting institution was "experiencing national disorientation" by broadcasting this event because "HTI's ideology is questioning the state ideology and nationalism, as well as rejecting democracy"; but HTI spokesperson Ismail Yusanto says that "TVRI is a public broadcaster, and HTI is also a part of the public" and the broadcast is "a part of the public's right to be broadcast and heard".{{Cite web|url=https://www.voa-islam.com/read/indonesiana/2013/06/10/25092/eks-presenter-tvri-debat-kpi-soal-siaran-muktamar-khilafah-di-tvri/|title=Eks Presenter TVRI Debat KPI Soal Siaran Muktamar Khilafah di TVRI|last=Desastian|website=VOA-Islam|language=id|access-date=14 April 2020}} TVRI was subsequently warned by KPI that they could face sanctions for the broadcast.{{Cite web|url=http://www.rmol.co/read/2013/06/06/113457/Siarkan-Acara-Hizbut-Tahrir,-TVRI-Terancam-Mendapat-Sanksi-|title=Siarkan Acara Hizbut Tahrir Pagi Ini, TVRI Terancam Mendapat Sanksi|website=Rakyat Merdeka|date=23 September 2014 |language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030134346/http://www.rmol.co/read/2013/06/06/113457/Siarkan-Acara-Hizbut-Tahrir,-TVRI-Terancam-Mendapat-Sanksi-|archive-date=2017-10-30|url-status=live}}

Later on 15 September, TVRI aired a delayed broadcast of the Democratic Party convention for more than 2 hours, the political party of which was founded by the incumbent president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. The broadcast again caused KPI sanctioning, due to the violation of political independence principle according to the law.{{cite web |title=KPI Jatuhkan Sanksi Pada TVRI Terkait Siaran Konvensi Demokrat |year=2013 |url=http://www.kpi.go.id/index.php/id/siaran-pers/31611-kpi-jatuhkan-sanksi-pada-tvri-terkait-siaran-konvensi-demokrat |website=Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI) |access-date=6 November 2020}} However, TVRI directors secretary manager Usi Karundeng said that the network was never intervened or paid for by the party.{{cite web |title=TVRI bantah diintervensi Partai Demokrat |url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2013/09/130919_tvri_penyiaran_konvensi_demokrat |year=2013 |website=BBC Indonesia |access-date=6 November 2020}}

On 6 December 2019, Helmy Yahya was temporarily dismissed as President Director for the 2017-2022 period by the TVRI Board of Supervisors led by Arief Hidayat Thamrin and replaced by acting President Director Supriyono. According to news sources in almost all mass media on 16 January 2020, Helmy Yahya was officially dismissed from his position by the board permanently and unilaterally, citing the "expensive" purchase of broadcast rights for the Premier League from Djarum-owned premium multi-platform network, Mola TV, a problem during Siapa Berani quiz show, and various other problems.{{Cite web|title=Helmy Yahya Dipecat Gara-gara Hak Siar Liga Inggris|url=https://www.metrotvnews.com/play/bzGCpj4O-helmy-yahya-dipecat-gara-gara-hak-siar-liga-inggris|access-date=2020-01-21|language=id}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1254056/helmy-yahya-jelaskan-pemberhentian-dirinya-sebagai-dirut-tvri|title=Helmy Yahya jelaskan pemberhentian dirinya sebagai Dirut TVRI|last=Jingga|first=Rangga Pandu Asmara|editor-last=Wibisono|editor-first=Kunto|location=Jakarta|publisher=Antara|date=2020-01-17|website=Antara News|access-date=2020-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200118141137/https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1254056/helmy-yahya-jelaskan-pemberhentian-dirinya-sebagai-dirut-tvri|archive-date=2020-01-18|url-status=live}} Despite public pushback against the dismissal, the board continued to refuse Helmy Yahya's opposition to his dismissal until the election for the new president director to replace him.{{Cite web|url=https://katadata.co.id/berita/2020/01/27/direksi-tvri-bela-helmy-yahya-dewas-tahu-soal-pembelian-liga-inggris|title=Direksi TVRI Bela Helmy Yahya: Dewas Tahu Soal Pembelian Liga Inggris - Katadata.co.id|date=2020-01-27|website=katadata.co.id|language=id|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412163556/https://katadata.co.id/berita/2020/01/27/direksi-tvri-bela-helmy-yahya-dewas-tahu-soal-pembelian-liga-inggris|archive-date=2020-04-12|url-status=live}}

On 17 January, 4,000 TVRI employees declared a motion of no confidence to the Board of Supervisors. One day before, the board's room was sealed.{{cite web|url=https://tirto.id/jalan-panjang-pemecatan-dewas-tvri-usai-memberhentikan-helmy-yahya-f5WE|title=Jalan Panjang Pemecatan Dewas TVRI usai Memberhentikan Helmy Yahya|website=tirto.id|date=15 October 2020 |access-date=12 November 2020}} As of 27 March 2020, another three directors (including News (Editor in Chief) and Program Director Apni Jaya Putra) were also temporarily dismissed for less than a month by the TVRI Board of Supervisors regarding the Helmy Yahya case.{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1388922/dewas-tvri-beritahu-dpr-nama-pelaksana-harian-tiga-direktur-nonaktif|title=Dewas TVRI beritahu DPR nama pelaksana harian tiga direktur nonaktif|date=2020-03-29|website=Antaranews.com|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330190329/https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1388922/dewas-tvri-beritahu-dpr-nama-pelaksana-harian-tiga-direktur-nonaktif|archive-date=2020-03-30|url-status=live}} On 13 May, all of them (including Apni) were permanently dismissed.{{Cite web|url=https://www.suara.com/news/2020/05/13/222857/diduga-kisruh-berlanjut-dewas-tvri-copot-direktur-berita-apni-jaya-putra|title=Diduga Kisruh Berlanjut, Dewas TVRI Copot Direktur Berita Apni Jaya Putra|date=2020-05-13|website=Suara|language=id|access-date=2020-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526115252/https://www.suara.com/news/2020/05/13/222857/diduga-kisruh-berlanjut-dewas-tvri-copot-direktur-berita-apni-jaya-putra|archive-date=2020-05-26|url-status=live}}

On 27 May 2020, the TVRI Board of Supervisors appointed Indonesian advertising practitioner, journalist, and filmmaker/film director Iman Brotoseno as the new President Director for the remainder of the 2017–2022 period, replacing Helmy Yahya.{{Cite web|url=https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/dewas-resmi-lantik-iman-brotoseno-jadi-dirut-tvri-1tUa6QNz1Av|title=Dewas Resmi Lantik Iman Brotoseno Jadi Dirut TVRI|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=2020-05-27}} The appointment caused controversy thanks to his endorsement of incumbent president Joko Widodo in the 2019 election, but he stated that he "would be independent and impartial".{{cite web |last1=Ali |first1=Muhammad |year=2020 |title=Jadi Dirut TVRI, Iman Brotoseno: Saya Akan Independen dan Tidak Berpihak |url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/4264729/jadi-dirut-tvri-iman-brotoseno-saya-akan-independen-dan-tidak-berpihak |website=Liputan6.com |access-date=6 November 2020}} He was also criticized for his past posts on Twitter which included Indonesian colloquial terms for pornography and porn films.{{cite web|url=https://idtoday.co/nasional/cuitan-soal-bokep-dan-mesum-viral-iman-brotoseno-tiap-orang-punya-masa-lalu/|title=Cuitan Soal Bokep dan Mesum Viral, Iman Brotoseno: Tiap Orang Punya Masa Lalu|website=idtoday.co|date=29 May 2020 |access-date=3 December 2020}}

On 5 October 2020, the Board of Supervisors Arief Hidayat Thamrin was ultimately dismissed by first commission of People's Representative Council.{{cite web|url=https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-5210511/ini-alasan-dpr-berhentikan-ketua-dewas-tvri|title=Ini Alasan DPR Berhentikan Ketua Dewas TVRI|website=finance.detik.com|date=14 October 2020|access-date=26 October 2020}} However, Arief was suspended from power since 11 May.{{cite web|url=https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/presiden-jokowi-berhentikan-ketua-dewas-tvri-arief-hidayat-thamrin-ini-sebabnya|title=Presiden Jokowi Berhentikan Ketua Dewas TVRI Arief Hidayat Thamrin, ini Sebabnya|website=industri.kontan.co.id|date=3 November 2020 |access-date=12 November 2020}}

File:TVRI 1962.png|1962–1970 (mobile and OB vans)

File:Televisi RI.png|1962–1970 (cameras)

File:TVRILogo1962.svg|1962–1978 (corporate)

File:TVRILogo1974.png|1978–1983

File:TVRI 1982-1999.png|1983–1999

File:TVRI 1999.svg|1999–2001

File:TVRI 2001.svg|2001–2003

File:TVRILogo2003.svg|2003–2007

File:TVRILogo2006.svg|2007–2019

File:TVRILogo2019.svg|2019–present

File:TVRI 62 Wordmark.svg|TVRI's 62nd anniversary logo

• Menjalin Persatuan dan Kesatuan (Weaving Unity and Unitary, 1962–2001)
• Makin Dekat Di Hati (Going Closer to The Heart, 2001–2003)
• Semangat Baru (New Spirit, 2003–2012)
• Saluran Pemersatu Bangsa (The Nation's Unifying Channel, 2012–2019)
• Media Pemersatu Bangsa (The Nation's Unifying Media, 2019–present)

TVRI discontinued all test cards upon introducing a 24/7 schedule on TVRI Nasional in 2021. Some other TVRI channels still do not broadcast round-the-clock like TVRI Bali during Nyepi (Balinese day of silence).

• 1962–c. late-1970s: modified RMA 1946 Resolution Chart with Garuda Pancasila in the middle{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/Akamehiragi_/status/448377766401306624|title=x.com}}
• 1974–1984: Telefunken FuBK{{Citation |title=Indonesia Raya Opening 80-an | date=11 August 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUuq_l4WUgc |access-date=2024-02-11 |language=en}}
• 1985–2021: Philips PM5544{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYBIWq2J0Ig|title=TVRI (Astro channel 39 UHF) Closedown|date=8 October 2021 |via=www.youtube.com}}{{better source needed|date=October 2023}}

• Television in Indonesia
• Radio Republik Indonesia, the Indonesian public radio network
• Antara, the Indonesian news agency
• Public broadcasting in Indonesia

{{Reflist}}

• Department of Information, Republic of Indonesia (1999) Indonesia 1999: An Official Handbook (No ISBN)
• Schwartz, Adam (1994) A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s, Allen & Unwin. {{ISBN|1-86373-635-2}}

• {{Official website|http://tvri.go.id}}
• [http://vod.tvri.go.id TVRI Video On-Demand]
• [http://klik.tvri.go.id TVRI Klik]

{{TVRI}}

{{TV Providers in Indonesia}}

{{European Broadcasting Union Members}}

{{ASEAN TV}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tvri}}

Category:Television networks in Indonesia

Category:Indonesian companies established in 1962

Category:Publicly funded broadcasters

Category:Public broadcasting in Indonesia

Category:Mass media companies of Indonesia

Category:Television companies of Indonesia